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Clasificación Tradicional De Los Vertebrados Terrestres En Dos Comunidades Nahuas De Tlaxcala, México José León-Pérez, Graciela Gómez Álvarez Y Sabel R

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Clasificación Tradicional De Los Vertebrados Terrestres En Dos Comunidades Nahuas De Tlaxcala, México José León-Pérez, Graciela Gómez Álvarez Y Sabel R ETNOBIOLOGÍA Editor/Chief editor Ángel Mo reno Fuentes Centro de Inve stigaciones Biológicas, UA EH amo re no@ ua eh.reduaeh.mx Coeditora/Associate editor María Guadalupe Escamilla Sarabia Posgrado en Cienc ias de la Tierra, UNAM mges@ma i1.ibiologia.unam.mx Comité Editorial/Editorial Board Abigail Aguilar Contreras Montserrat Gispert Cruells Instituto Mexicano del Seg uro Social Fac ultad de Ciencias, UNAM Guillermo Aullet Bribiesca Miguel León Portilla In stituto Politécnico Nac ional In stituto de Investi gaciones Hi stóricas, UNAM José A. Ávila Reyes Ramón Mariaca ClIDIR (l PN), Unidad Durango El Col egi o de la Frontera Sur Javier Caballero Rafael Monroy Jardín Botánico, Ins tituto de Bi ología, U IAM Universid ad Au tóno ma del r:stado de More los Artemio Cruz León Luis Alberto Vargas Un ive rsidad Autón oma de Chapingo Instituto de In vesti gacio nes Antropológ icas, UN AM Gastón Guzmán In stituto de Ecolog ía , A C. Árbitros/Arbiters Abigail Aguilar Contreras Ramón Mariaea In stituto M exicano del Seguro Soc ial El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Héetor Bourges Emily MeClung Insti tulo Nacional de la N utrición In stituto de Inves tigaciones Antropológicas, VNAl'vl Adriana Castro Miguel Ángel Martínez Alfaro El Colegi o de la Fro ntera Sur Jardín Botánico, In stituto de Biología, VN AM Beatriz Coutiño Bello Josefina Morales de León f acultad de Ciencias, UNAM In stituto Nacional de la Nutrición Alejandro De Ávila Lourdes Navarijo Ornelas Jardín Etnobotánico Santo Domingo In stituto de Biología, UNAM Emma Estrada Martínez Julieta Ramos Elorduy Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo Instituto de Bio log ía, UN AM Erin Estrada Hugo Rodríguez El Colegio de la Fron tera Sur Fac ultad de Ciencias , UNAM Montserrat Gispert Cruells Luis Alberto Vargas Fac ultad de Ciencia s, UNAM Ins tituto de Investi gaciones Antropológicas, VNAM Rafael Lira Saade Marco Antonio Vásquez Dávila Fac ultad de Estudios Su periores Iztacal a, UNAM In stit uto Tecnológi co Ag l'opecuario de Oaxaca Janet Long Towell In stituto de Inves ti gac iones Históricas, UNAM Teso rera: Mayrén Alavez Vargas Consuelo Lorenzo Monterrubio Corrección del in glés: Héc tor Delgado Rodríguez El Co legio de la Frontera Sur e Iri s Carmina Escobar Alba ISSN 1665-2703 ETNOBIOLOGÍA Asociación Etnobiológica Mexicana, A. C. Número 3 México 2003 Agradecimientos Acknowledgments Los editores agradecen a las instituciones y personas siguientes, el apoyo brindado durante la edición de este número: A la Bióloga Marcela Rojas Lemus, por su permanente apoyo en diversas tareas de la revista, particularmente en su edición. A la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo por su apoyo económico en la impresión. A la Mesa Directiva de la Asociación Etnobiológica Mexicana, A.C., en especial al Dr. Gustavo Valencia del Toro y a la M. en C. Emma Estrada Martínez, por su apoyo económico en parte de esta impresión. A la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM, a través del M. en C. Juan Manuel Rodríguez Chávez, por su apoyo en el envío de mensajería. Al Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas de la UAEH, por el apoyo logístico en una buena parte de la edición. A la Diseñadora Gráfica Ma. del Carmen Rojas Lemus, por la elaboración de algunos mapas. A todos aquellos colegas que han fungido como distribuidores de los números anteriores, tanto en el interior de la República, como en otros países. Los editores de Etnobiología y la Mesa Directiva de la Asociación Etnobiológica Mexicana, A.c., dedican el presente número al Dr. Teófilo Herrera Suárez como un reconocimiento a su brillante trayectoria académica, en especial por su contribución en el desarrollo de la etnomicología. Editorial A tres años de su fundación, Etnobiología, revista de la Asociación Etnobiológica Mexicana, A. C. (AEM), consigue la publicación de su tercer número, el cual, en presentación virtual durante el V Congreso Mexicano de Etnobiología, ha congratulado al medio etnobiológico. Durante este tiempo, la revi sta ha fungido, entre otras cosas, como catalizadora en la incorporación de nuevos socios a la AEM así como al fortalecimiento de vínculos y reactivación de la participación de socios anteriores. Esto ha sido posible gracias a los acuerdos promovidos e impulsados desde EtnobioLogía, con la actual Mesa Directiva. Asimismo, estos avances han sido posibles debido a la autonomía y administración propia que rige a la publicación y que es importante mantener, en aras de su desarrollo y, por consiguiente, del fortalecimiento de la Asociación en el planteamiento de nuevos horizontes. Otro de los logros a mencionar, es el reconocimiento de este espacio por parte de los etnobiólogos de otras naciones, quienes al enviar y someter sus trabajos refrendan su confianza en la misma. El presente número, lo dedicamos, a manera de reconocimiento, por su gran trayectoria académica, al Dr. Teófilo Herrera Suárez, quien ha tenido una importante participación en el estudio de las bebidas fermentadas en México y ha contribuido de diversas formas al desarrollo de la Etnobiología. Las expectativas para el futuro son prometedoras. Para el número siguiente, se contará con una reestructuración mín ima del Com ité Ed itorial y con la di versificac ión de fuentes de financiamiento alternas, las cuales serán posibles gracias al apoyo comprometido de diversos investigadores, así como mediante la creación de un fideicomiso que garantice en buena parte, la continuidad de la publicación. Los ed itores Pachuca, Hgo., diciembre de 2003 CONTENIDO ARTÍCULOS Clasificación tradicional de los vertebrados terrestres en dos comunidades nahuas de Tlaxcala, México José León-Pérez, Graciela Gómez Álvarez y Sabel R. Reyes Gómez Entertainment with insects: singing and fighting insects around the world. A brief 20 review Eraldo Medeiros Costa-Neto Folk c1assification of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) land races and 29 its ethnobotanical implication: a case study in northeastern Ethiopia Benor Solomon & Sisay Lemlem Evaluación experimental de la manufactura y calidad de tortillas elaboradas 42 con frutos de teocintle y de maíz Jesús Axayacatl Cuevas Sánchez, Salvador Miranda Colín, Jaime Sahagún Castellanos, Abel Muñoz Orozco y Fernando Castillo González Prácticas y creencias agrícolas mágico-religiosas presentes en el sureste de México 66 Ramón Mariaca Méndez Importancia del conocimiento etnobotánico frente al proceso de urbanización 79 Rafael Monroy e Inés Ayala Información a los autores 96 CONTENT ARTICLES Traditional classification of the terrestrial vertebrates at two nahuas communities of Tlaxcala, México José León-Pérez, Graciela Gómez Álvarez y Sabel R. Reyes Gómez Entertainment with insects: singing and fighting insects around the worJd. 20 I A brief review Eraldo Medeiros Costa-Neto Folk classification of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) land races and 29 its ethnobotanical implication: a case study in Northeastern Ethiopia Solomon Benor & Lemlem Sisay Experimental evaluation of the manufacture and the quality of tortillas 42 elaborated with teocintle and with maize fruits Jesús Axayacatl Cuevas Sánchez, Salvador Miranda Colín, Jaime SahagÚll Castellanos, Abel Muñoz Orozco y Fernando Castillo González Magical-religious agricultural practices and believes in Southeastern Mexico 66 Ramón Mariaca Méndez Ethnobotanical knowledge importance opposite urbanization process 79 Rafael Monroy e Inés Ayala Information to authors 96 Etnobiología 3: 1-20, 2003 CLASIFICACIÓN TRADICIONAL DE LOS VERTEBRADOS TERRESTRES EN DOS COMUNIDADES NAHUAS DE TLAXCALA, MÉXICO José León-Pérez, Graciela Gómez Álvarez y Sabel R. Reyes Gómez Laboratorio de Vertebrados Terrestres, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria, México, Distrito Federal, C. P. 04510 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] RESUMEN La clasificación tradicional, que involucra un sistema natural de nombres (nomenclatura) y un ordenamiento jerárquico de grupos con cierta afinidad, revela la conceptualización que las entidades culturales tienen de los elementos que hay en su entorno. En este trabajo se analizó la estructura lingüística de los nombres, así como el ordenamiento de los grupos de vertebrados terrestres entre dos comunidades nahuas del municipio de Contla de Juan Cuamatzi, Tlaxcala. Se registraron 54 vocablos en náhuatl, los cuales denominan a distintos taxa de vertebrados terrestres, encontrando que el tamaño de los animales y sus características distintivas, básicamente morfológicas y conductuales, influyen en el grado de asignación de un nombre a una especie en particular. Dichos denominativos se agrupan en cinco categorías: Por Morfología, de Comportamiento, de Onomatopeya, Compuesta y Exclusiva. En cuanto a la clasificación de estos organismos, se obtuvieron seis categorías, donde la morfología, hábitos, hábitat, así como las cualidades designadas a los animales por parte de los habitantes del lugar, son importantes para el ordenamiento de los mismos. Palabras Clave: clasificación tradicional, nomenclatura, vertebrados terrestres, náhuatl, Tlaxcala. ABSTRACT The traditional classification, that involves a natural system of names, and the hierarchical establishment of groups with some affinity by the people, reveals the idea of the knowledge of their environment. The language structure was analyzed and the position of each group of terrestrial vertebrates in two different localities of Contla de Juan Cuamatzi, Tlaxcala. 54 Nahuatl words were registered, representing different taxa of terrestrial vertebrates. They involve their morphological
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