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New and Interesting Geometrid Moths from Dhofar, Southern Oman (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)

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New and Interesting Geometrid Moths from Dhofar, Southern Oman (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft Jahr/Year: 2009 Band/Volume: 099 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hausmann Axel Artikel/Article: New and interesting geometrid moths from Dhofar, southern Oman (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). 111-128 © Münchner Ent. Ges., download www.biologiezentrum.at Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 99 111-128 München, 01.11.2009 ISSN 0340-4943 New and interesting geometrid moths from Dhofar, southern Oman (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) Axel hausMann Abstract New and interesting records of 50 Geometridae species from Dhofar, southern Oman, are presented. The ta- xonomical analysis is based on both morphological and molecular traits. Three species and five subspecies are described as new: Idaea mimetes kruegeri ssp.n., Scopula morandinii sp.n., Scopula nepheloperas aidasi ssp.n., Scopula alhamrensis sp.n., Scopula colymbas pasii ssp.n., Scopula proverai sp.n., Somatina pythia- ria nigrimacula ssp.n., and Lhommeia subapicata omanirufa ssp.n.. Gnophosema leucites wiltShire, 1980, stat. n. is raised from subspecies of G. isometra (warren, 1888) to species rank. Glossotrophia adenensis wiltShire, 1986 is downgraded from species rank to synonymy of Scopula chalcographata (brandt, 1938). Glossotrophia buraimana wiltShire, 1949 is downgraded from species rank to synonymy of Scopula alfierii (wiltShire, 1949) syn. nov.. The following 20 species are new for the fauna of the Oman: Microloxia ruficornis warren, 1897, Idaea tahamae wiltShire, 1983, Idaea damadensis wiltShire, 1986, Idaea eremica (brandt, 1941) (aside sister species Idaea hathor (wiltShire, 1949), Brachyglossina tibbuana erythra wiltShire, 1990, Scopula subgastonaria wiltShire, 1982, Scopula morandinii sp.n., Scopula colymbas pasii ssp.n., Scopula proverai sp.n., Scopula uvarovi (wiltShire, 1952), Scopula ochrea (hauSMann, 2006), Pseudosterrha colettae hauSMann, 2006, Pseudosterrha paulula (Swinhoe, 1886), Eupithecia maerkerata Schütze, 1961, Eupithecia ultimaria (boiSduval, 1840), Zamarada latilimbata rebel, 1948, Heterostegane serrata (fletcher, 1958), Pla- typepla arabella wiltShire, 1983, Chiasmia assimilis (warren, 1899), and Oreometra fifae wiltShire, 1986. With these results the geometrid fauna of the Oman increases to a total of 102 species. Introduction, material and methods The geometrid fauna of the Oman was subject of a few previous articles (wiltShire 1977; 1980; 1985; 1988; hacKer & hauSMann 1999). Parts of an interesting sample of Bjarne SKule, Denmark were analysed and dis- cussed in hauSMann (1998). New and ample material of Geometridae from Dhofar, southern Oman has been collected in the years of 2006 and 2007 by Aidas SaldaitiS (Vilnius Lithuania) and Juergen Krueger (Bilovec, Czech Republic), yielding a total of 48 species. Label data (with coordinates added in parentheses) are as fol- lows: Dhofar, 20km SW. from Al Mughsayl (16,7953 N, 53,65 E), 640m, 8.-24.VII.2007 Dhofar, Slopes to Arabian Sea (Camels) W. from Salalah, 20 km W. from Al Mughsayl (16,7953 N, 53,65 E), 640m, 8.-24.VII.2007 Dhofar, Al Mughsayl riv. valley W. from Salalah (16,7953 N, 53,65 E), 70m, 8.-24.VII.2007 Dhofar, Wadi Almagshayl [Al Mughsayl], 70m (16,7953 N, 53,65 E), 19.-22.XI.2006 Dhofar, Al Mughsayl env., (s. valley) W. from Salalah (16,7953 N, 53,65 E), 215m, 15.VII.2007 Dhofar Mts., Khubrart (Tiger) N.E. from Salalah (17,2167 N, 54,3167 E), 900m, 8.-24.VII.2007 Dhofar, Wadi Razat (17,217 N, 54,317 E), 770m, 21.IX.2006 Dhofar Mts., Madinat al Hagg (Jungle) N.E. from Salalah (17,1667 N, 54,2333 E), 560m, 8.-24.VII.2007 Paratypes of all newly described species are divided between ZSM, coll. A. SaldaitiS (Vilnius, Lithuania), coll. A. expoSito (Mostoles, Spain) and coll. J. Krueger (Bilovec, Czech Republic). Some additional material from Dhofar Mts., collected by L. dapporto (Prato, Italy) could be included into the study, raising the size of the sample from 48 to 50 species. 111 © Münchner Ent. Ges., download www.biologiezentrum.at Species identification was performed by both morphometrical (incl. dissections, standard method) and mole- cular analysis. The latter was based on a representative selection of 116 specimens examined with a mtDNA- marker, the COI 5’ barcode fragment. Quality of material and laboratory work at CCDB, University of Guelph (Paul hebert) using standard high-throughput protocol (ivanova et al. 2006) were that excellent to get 108 out of 116 specimens successfully sequenced to the complete fragment length of approx. 658 bp, except for two barcodes of approx. half length. Sequences were analysed using Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD; ratna- SinghaM & hebert 2007) and MEGA4 (taMura et al. 2007). Images, neighbor joining tree, and further details such as voucher hosting institution, GPS coordinates and trace files can be obtained online from BOLD (2008), and from the webpage of the geometrids of the Oman (hauSMann et al. 2009). That strategy of multimedial publication was chosen for accelerating taxonomy (see hauSMann & hebert 2009; hauSMann et al. 2009a; 2009b). Abbreviations and conventions ZSM = Bavarian State Collection of Zoology; SO = southern Oman, Dhofar (newly collected material of Ai- das Saldaitis); UAE = United Arab Emirates; gen.prp. = genitalia preparation slide no.. - The terms ‘sequence variation’ and ‘genetic difference’ refer to the analysis of the COI 5’ barcode fragment (658 bp) with Kimura 2 Parameter. Genetic distances are given in % minimum pairwise distance, infraspecific genetical variation in % maximum pairwise distance. Systematic account Geometrinae Pseudoterpnini Pingasa lahayei (oberthür, 1887) Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen. Comibaenini Microbaena pulchra minor hauSMann, 1996 Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen. Victoria omanensis (wiltShire, 1980) Omani V. omanensis showed comparatively low genetic distance from both Saudi Arabian V. fifensisw iltShire, 1994 (0.5%) and V. eremita hauSMann, 1993 examined from Egypt and Israel (1.0%). Infraspecific sequence variation is very low for all three taxa. Since there are valuable constant differential features in genitalia (hauS- Mann 1993; wiltShire 1994), the three taxa are maintained as valid at species rank. Hemistolini Gnophosema leucites wiltShire, 1980, stat. n. Large genetic distance (5.4%) between Gnophosema leucites from Dhofar mountains and congeneric popu- lations (‘isometra’) examined from northern Oman. Infraspecific sequence variation low in both populations (0.1-0.5%, n=4). Gnophosema leucites differing from G. isometra (warren, 1888) in slightly different shape of harpe in male genitalia (cf wiltShire 1980), in the pure white ground colour, and in the missing terminal line of all wings. Therefore, Gnophosema leucites is raised from subspecies of Gnophosema isometra to species rank (stat.n.). Comostolini Eucrostes disparata (walKer, 1861) Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen. 112 © Münchner Ent. Ges., download www.biologiezentrum.at Hemitheini Phaiogramma faustinata (Millière, 1868) Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen, Jordan and Israel. Neromia pulvereisparsa (haMpSon, 1896) Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen, Egypt, Israel and Jordan. Microloxiini Microloxia ruficornis warren, 1897 New for the fauna of the Oman (20km W Al Mughsayl; Al Mughsayl; leg. A. Saldaitis). Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen, Egypt and Israel. Hemidromodes sabulifera prout, 1922 Populations from SO showed no genetic difference from examined populations of Yemen, UAE, Egypt, and Jordan. Sterrhinae Sterrhini Idaea sordida dhofarica wiltShire, 1986 Nominate subspecies recorded from northern Oman (Saiq, Al Hail, Wadi Abyad) by B. SKule. Genetic distance between Idaea sordida dhofarica (SO) and Idaea sordida (rothSchild, 1913) examined from Jordan and Israel at medium level (1.2%). Idaea shaathensis wiltShire, 1986 Identification verified by dissection of both sexes. Very large genetic distance between Idaea shaathensis and the habitually similar species of the microptera species-group, e.g. 12.0% difference from Idaea africarabica (wiltShire, 1949) examined from Sokotra. Genetically, the nearest examined neighbour of I. shaathensis is I. illustrior (wiltShire, 1952) from Yemen, at a genetic distance of 7.8%. Idaea mimetes kruegeri ssp.n. (Fig. 1) Holotype: ♂, S. Oman, Dhofar, Wadi Almagshayl [Al Mughsayl], 70 m, 19.-22.XI. 2006, leg. A. Saldaitis & J. Krueger, coll. ZSM, DNA barcode BC ZSM Lep 13975; gen.prp. ZSM G 14143. Paratypes: 22♂♀, id.; 6♂♀, id., 23♂♀, id., 8-24.VII.2007; 39♂♀, id., Al Mughsayl env. (s. valley), 215m, 15.VII.2007; 22♂♀, 20km SW. from Al Mughsayl, 640m, 8-24.VII.2007; 2♂, id., Al Mughsayl dint., 16°53’01” N 53°46’47” E, 13.IX.2002, leg. L. Dapporto; 1♂, id., Rd47 E of Mughsayl, 30m; 1♀, id., Darbat Pool, 220m, 1.IX.2002. Description: Wingspan 9-11.5 mm. Palpi and frons black. Vertex sand coloured to pale brown. Proboscis developed, length approx. 1.5 mm. Palpi short, length approx. 0.8 times diameter of eye. Antennae of ♂ with filiform flagellum, ciliate-subfasciculate, length of cilia 1.4-1.5 times width of flagellum. Hindtibia of ♂ with large sand coloured pencil, covering nearly the complete tarsus; hindtarsus stout and
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