Cosmic-Ray Muography

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IAEA Symposium on International Safeguards Contribution ID: 90 Type: Wedge Participant Cosmic-ray Muography Muon radiography uses naturally-occurring background radiation in the form of cosmic ray muons to pas- sively inspect the contents of complex structures that cannot be imaged using conventional techniques such as X-rays. Cosmic muons are approximately 10,000 times as energetic as a typical X-ray and as such can penetrate shielded containers and much larger structures. This technology has recently become more widely known when it was used to discover a new chamber in the Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt. Due to the nature of the interaction between muons and matter, muon radiography is especially suited to image material with high density and high atomic number Z inside shielded containers. This capability of muon radiography is very well aligned with the monitoring requirements for the growing number of heavily shielded spent fuel containers in intermediate storage sites. Their verification is a challenge for the safeguards inspectorates, and muon radiography may be a technology that can help to address this challenge. This presentation will give an overview of the current state-of-the art in muon radiography, drawing on results from an IAEA Consultancy Meeting in September 2017 and a Royal Society Meeting in May 2018. Topics NEW1 Which ”Key Question” does your Abstract address? NEW1.2 Which alternative ”Key Question” does your Abstract address? (if any) Primary author: Prof. KAISER, Ralf (Lynkeos Technology / University of Glasgow) Co-authors: Ms SIMON, Aliz (IAEA); Dr MORRIS, Christopher (Los Alamos National Laboratory); Dr RIDIKAS, Danas (IAEA); Dr ANCIUS, Darius (European Commission); AYMANNS, Katharina (Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH); Dr CHECCHIA, Paolo (INFN); Dr BRISSET, Patrick (IAEA) Presenter: Prof. KAISER, Ralf (Lynkeos Technology / University of Glasgow) Session Classification: [New] Safeguards Techniques for New Facilities and Campaigns Track Classification: Preparing for safeguards new facilities, processes and campaigns (NEW).

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Muon Tomography Sites for Colombian Volcanoes
Muon Tomography sites for Colombian volcanoes A. Vesga-Ramírez Centro Internacional para Estudios de la Tierra, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica Buenos Aires-Argentina. D. Sierra-Porta1 Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga-Colombia and Centro de Modelado Científico, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo-Venezuela, J. Peña-Rodríguez, J.D. Sanabria-Gómez, M. Valencia-Otero Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga-Colombia. C. Sarmiento-Cano Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas, 1650, Buenos Aires-Argentina. , M. Suárez-Durán Departamento de Física y Geología, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona-Colombia H. Asorey Laboratorio Detección de Partículas y Radiación, Instituto Balseiro Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Bariloche-Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, 8400, Bariloche-Argentina and Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas, 1650, Buenos Aires-Argentina. L. A. Núñez Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga-Colombia and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida-Venezuela. December 30, 2019 arXiv:1705.09884v2 [physics.geo-ph] 27 Dec 2019 1Corresponding author Abstract By using a very detailed simulation scheme, we have calculated the cosmic ray background flux at 13 active Colombian volcanoes and developed a methodology to identify the most convenient places for a muon telescope to study their inner structure. Our simulation scheme considers three critical factors with different spatial and time scales: the geo- magnetic effects, the development of extensive air showers in the atmosphere, and the detector response at ground level. The muon energy dissipation along the path crossing the geological structure is mod- eled considering the losses due to ionization, and also contributions from radiative Bremßtrahlung, nuclear interactions, and pair production.
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How to Detect IR?
How to detect IR? Examples of IR equipment at the MIVIM laboratory, Laval University Visible photographs The passive approach is used when the object of interest has enough thermal contrast with respect to the background in order to be detected with an infrared Infrared sensor, e.g. a thermal IR thermograms camera. Muography Basics ❖ Discovered in 1930 Muons are Elementary particles coming naturally from the atmosphere ❖ Approximately 10,000 muons per minute strike each square meter ❖ About 2∼3 MILLIONS muons pass through our body each day. About 2∼3 MILLION muons pass through your body each day. Muon radiography’s basis is just like X-ray Silver Photographic Films Nagoya University Plastic Scintillator High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Gaz Detector Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 3D Reconstruction SETUP 29/09/2016| 11 Thermal anomaly on Khufu’s Pyramid November 2015 292.4 50 292.2 292 100 Season : mid autumn (2015) 291.8 150 291.6 An unusual asymmetry was observed on right side of the 291.4 200 upper rafters , which should 291.2 normally be at the same IR, 04/11/2015, 05:52 am (before sunrise), cooled camera, photo lens, 175 m from50 the North100 Pyramid face150 (rain colormap200) 250 300 temperature as the rest of this part of the pyramid, given that this area is never directly exposed to the sun. Nevertheless, a higher temperature was systematically measured at the top right corner at every time of the day that was verified (early morning, day and night). Facing the rafters on the North face : 2 hotter areas detected.
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Feasibility Study of a New Cherenkov Detector for Improving Volcano Muography
sensors Article Feasibility Study of a New Cherenkov Detector for Improving Volcano Muography Domenico Lo Presti 1,2,† , Giuseppe Gallo 1,3,*,† , Danilo L. Bonanno 2,† , Daniele G. Bongiovanni 3,†, Fabio Longhitano 2,† and Santo Reito 2,† 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy “E. Maiorana”, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; [email protected] 2 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Sezione di Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (D.L.B.); [email protected] (F.L.); [email protected] (S.R.) 3 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 18 January 2019; Accepted: 5 March 2019; Published: 8 March 2019 Abstract: Muography is an expanding technique for internal structure investigation of large volume object, such as pyramids, volcanoes and also underground cavities. It is based on the attenuation of muon flux through the target in a way similar to the attenuation of X-ray flux through the human body for standard radiography. Muon imaging have to face with high background level, especially compared with the tiny near horizontal muon flux. In this paper the authors propose an innovative technique based on the measurement of Cherenkov radiation by Silicon photo-multipliers arrays to be integrated in a standard telescope for muography applications. Its feasibility study was accomplished by means of Geant4 simulations for the measurement of the directionality of cosmic-ray muons.
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Robust Bayesian Joint Inversion of Gravimetric and Muographic Data
Robust Bayesian Joint Inversion of Gravimetric and Muographic Data for the Density Imaging of the Puy de Dôme Volcano (France) Anne Barnoud, Valérie Cayol, Peter Lelièvre, Angelie Portal, Philippe Labazuy, Pierre Boivin, Lydie Gailler To cite this version: Anne Barnoud, Valérie Cayol, Peter Lelièvre, Angelie Portal, Philippe Labazuy, et al.. Ro- bust Bayesian Joint Inversion of Gravimetric and Muographic Data for the Density Imaging of the Puy de Dôme Volcano (France). Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media, 2021, 8, 10.3389/feart.2020.575842. hal-03108803 HAL Id: hal-03108803 https://hal.uca.fr/hal-03108803 Submitted on 13 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 11 January 2021 doi: 10.3389/feart.2020.575842 Robust Bayesian Joint Inversion of Gravimetric and Muographic Data for the Density Imaging of the Puy de Domeˆ Volcano (France) Anne Barnoud 1,2*, Valérie Cayol 2, Peter G. Lelièvre 3, Angélie Portal 2,4, Philippe Labazuy 2, Pierre Boivin 2 and Lydie Gailler 2 1LPC, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France, 2Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France, 3Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada, 4BRGM, DRP/IGT, Orléans, France Imaging the internal structure of volcanoes helps highlighting magma pathways and monitoring potential structural weaknesses.
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Muographic Monitoring of the Volcano-Tectonic Evolution of Mount
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Results from the First Measurements Campaign in the Bent Pyramid
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Khufu's Pyramid
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Muon Tracker with Unsegmented Plastic Scintillator Panels
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3D Muography for the Search of Hidden Cavities
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ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS, 63, 6, VO661, 2020; doi:10.4401/ag-8353 Muon Tomography sites for Colombian volcanoes Alejandra Vesga-Ramírez1, David Sierra-Porta*,2, Jésus Peña-Rodríguez3, José David Sanabria-Gómez3, Martha Valencia-Otero3, Christian Sarmiento-Cano4, 5 6 7 Mauricio Suárez-Durán , Hernán Asorey , Luis A. Núñez (1) Centro Internacional para Estudios de la Tierra, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica Buenos Aires-Argentina (2) Departamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 No. 18A-10 Edificio Ip, CP 111711, Bogotá, Colombia (3) Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga-Colombia (4) Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas, 1650, Buenos Aires-Argentina (5) Departamento de Física y Geología, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona-Colombia (6) Laboratorio Detección de Partículas y Radiación, Instituto Balseiro. Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Bariloche-Argentina;Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, 8400, Bariloche-Argentina and Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas, 1650, Buenos Aires-Argentina (7) Escuela de Física, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga-Colombia and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida-Venezuela Article history: received October 23, 2019; accepted January 2, 2020 Abstract By using a very detailed simulation scheme, we have calculated the cosmic ray background flux at 13 active Colombian volcanoes and developed a methodology to identify the most convenient places for a muon telescope to study their inner structure. Our simulation scheme considers three critical factors with different spatial and time scales: the geo-magnetic effects, the development of extensive air showers in the atmosphere, and the detector response at ground level. The muon energy dissipation along the path crossing the geological structure is modeled considering the losses due to ionization, and also contributions from radiative Bremßtrahlung, nuclear interactions, and pair production.
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