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National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan for the Period 2010 – 2015

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National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan for the Period 2010 – 2015 Montenegro Ministry for Spatial Planning and Environment National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan for the period 2010 – 2015 DRAFT Podgorica July, 2010 Ministry for Spatial Planning and Environment National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan for the period 2010 – 2015 Podgorica, July 2010 Prepared by: Dragan Roganović, PhD (Republican Nature Protection Agency), Leader of the Team for Drafting of the National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan, in cooperation with Miss Milena Kapa (Ministry for Spatial Planning and Environment), independent advisor for nature protection, Project coordinator Zlatko Bulić, Director of the Republican Nature Protection Agency and with the assistance of Vasilije Bušković MSc (Republican Nature Protection Agency) The National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan represents the result of 14 month work invested within the joint project of the Ministry of Tourism and Environment and UNDP financed by the Global Environment Facility - GEF. Project implementation was supervised by the Project Management Commission composed of: Siniša Stanković, Deputy minister, Ministry for Spatial Planning and Environment, Chairman, Milica Begović Radojevic PhD, Leader of Environment Cluster in UNDP, Co-chairman, Milosav Anđelić PhD, assistant to the Minister, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, member, Rade Gregović, Director, Public Company National Parks of Montenegro, member, Zlatko Bulić PhD, Director, Republican Nature Protection Agency, member, representative of NGO Green Home” Nataša Duraković, observer, representative of NGO “Zeleni Crne Gore” Saša Drljević, observer, representative of NGO “Centar za zaštitu i proučavanje ptica” Darko Saveljić, observer and Jelena Rabrenović, senior advisor in the Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Protection, Project coordinator. The Strategy was formulated based on previous projects results: (i) “Biodiversity Study of Montenegro” from March 2008 (process led by Vasilije Bušković MSc, Leader of the Team for Development of the Study), (ii) its Summary (prepared by Vasilije Bušković MSc) which was presented at the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties to CBD in Bonn, Germany, in May 2008 and (iii) “Country Study” –Biodiversity Study of Montenegro from October 2008 (process led by Nigel Varty PhD, UNDP consultant, with the assistance of Marija Vugdelić Phd), as well as other official documents relevant for issues covered by the Strategy. The following specialists gave contributions in their specialist areas for the above mentioned studies: Professor Vukić Pulević, Coordinator for flora, Danijela Stešević MSc, botanist, Danka Petrović MSc, botanist, Snežana Vuksanović MSc, botanist, Sead Hadžiablahović, botanist, Vesna Mačić MSc, botanist, specialist for sea vascular flora, Jelena Rakočević PhD, algologist, specialist for freshwater algal flora, Snežana Dragićević, PhD, specialist for moss, Gordana Kasom MSc, specialist for funghi, Žarko Vučinić, BSc in Forestry, Ondrej Vizi, Coordinator for Fauna, Jelena Simićević, mammalogist, specialist for mammals, Lidija Polović MSc, herpetology, Danilo Mrdak MSc, ichtiologist (specialist for freshwater ichtiofauna), Aleksandar Joksimović PhD, ichtiologist (specialist for marine ichtiofauna), Dragan Roganović PhD, specialist for forest pests, Slavica Kašćelan MSc, specialist for sea echinodermata, Vladimir Pešić PhD, specialist for invertebrates, Božidarka Marković PhD, specialist for animal agrobiodiversity, Nataša Mirecki PhD, specialist for plant agrobiodiversity, Slavica Pavlović, advisor for fishery in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Aleksandra Ivanović MSc, head of the Sector for Sustainable Development of the Public Company Public Maritime Domain, Zlatko Bulic MSc, Director of the Republican Nature Protection Agency, Jack Delf, travel agency Black Mountain, Montenegro and Kirsi Hyveavinen, CIM Advisor for Tourism, Ministry for Spatial Planning and Environment. 2 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1. 1. Bases for adoption of the National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan ...............................1 1. 2. Requirements of the Convention on Biological Diversity.................................................................1 1. 3. Conditions for development of Biodiversity Study of Montenegro and the National Biodiversity Strategy with the Action Plan...................................................................................................................2 2. Basic principles and objectives of the Strategy.............................................................................3 2. 1. Basic principles of the Strategy.......................................................................................................3 2. 2. Strategy objectives......................................................................................................................... 3 2. 3. Period of Strategy validity............................................................................................................... 4 2. 4. General conditions for implementation of the Strategy and the Action Plan ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 3. The state and review of biological diversity.................................................................................. 7 3. 1. General assessment of the biological diversity.............................................................................. 7 Review of biological diversity .................................................................................................... 7 3. 2. Ecosystems diversity..................................................................................................................... 8 3. 3. Diversity of species....................................................................................................................... 15 3. 4. Centres of biodiversity.................................................................................................................. 18 3. 5. Agrobiodiversity ........................................................................................................................... 20 3. 6. Information and sources of data on biological diversity................................................................ 21 4. Protection of biological diversity in priority areas of action...................................................... 23 4. 1. Protection of biological diversity in situ ........................................................................................ 23 Protected natural resources ................................................................................................... 23 Protection of species, ecosystems and habitats ..................................................................... 25 4. 2. Protection of biological diversity ex situ........................................................................................ 26 5. Forms of sustainable uses of biological diversity/natural resources....................................... 27 5. 1. Sustainable use of natural resources and “ecosystem services”......……….……………………... 27 5. 2. Economic sectors using biological diversity/ natural resources ………………………………….... 27 Agriculture ………………………………………………………………………………………........ 27 Forestry ……………………………………………………………………….…………………....... 28 Hunting ……………………………………………………………………………………………..... 29 Marine and freshwater fishery and sport fishing...…………………………....…………..……... 29 Collection of medicinal, aromatic and wild plant, foods and animals ………………….…………………………………………………………………..……................... 30 Genetically modified organisms (GMOS) ............................................................................... 31 Nature-based tourism ………………………………………………………………..……............. 31 Ecological tax................…………………………………………………………………………...... 31 5. 3. Non-economic values of biodiversity ……………………………………………………………........ 32 5.4. Equitable sharing of benefits arising from utilization of genetic resources ………………............. 32 5. 5. Sustainability of the use biological resources in Montenegro ...……………………………........... 32 5.6. Connection of gender equality and poverty with biodiversity ........................................................ 33 6. Issues of particular interest for the protection of biodiversity and its sustainable use……………………........................................................................................................................... 35 6. 1. Tourism and protection of biological diversity ...…………………………………..…………………. 35 6. 2. Spatial planning and protection of biodiversity .......………………………………..……………..… 35 6. 3. Major infrastrucutral interventions and protection of biodiversity ...……………..….…………….. 36 6. 4. Assessment of impact on biodiversity/nature/environment ..................................……....………. 36 6. 5. Legald and institutional framework for the protection of biodiversity ............……………..……... 37 7. Threats and factors of threatening to biodiversity ..................................................................... 39 7. 1. Threatened habitats, flora and fauna and agro-biodiversity ..........................…............................39 7. 2. Major threats to biological diversity ............................................................................................. 39 7. 3. Major reasons which lead to loss of biodiversity ........................................................................
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