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Islam 2 Markers on the Exam NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 UNIT 2: Islam 2 markers on the exam. Akhirah-The Muslim term for the belief in the final Judgement and life after death. Al-Qadr- The Muslim term for 'predestination' which means Muslims believe God has set out the destiny of all things. Burkha- A long, loose-fitting garment which covers the whole body from head to feet. It is worn in public by some women, and is compulsory for women in some Islamic countries. Hijab- Often used to describe the headscarf, veil or modest dress worn by many Muslim women, who are required to cover everything except face and hands in the sight of anyone other than immediate family. Id-ul-Fitr/Eid-Ul-Fitr- Celebration of breaking the fast on the day after Ramadan ends. Isa - Isa is the 24th and penultimate prophet of Islam. In Christianity he is known as Jesus. Muslims believe Isa to be a messenger of God, and in no way divine. Isa is believed to have had a miraculous, fatherless birth. He was a healer of the sick and foretold the coming of the final prophet, Muhammad. Lesser jihad- The word jihad means 'to strive. Lesser jihad is a physical struggle or 'holy war'in defence of Islam. Mecca/Makkah- Islam's holiest city, located in Saudi Arabia. Mecca is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the place where Islam originated. Mecca is the site of the Ka'ba, Islam's most sacred shrine, and is the destination of the annual Hajj pilgrimage. Muslims pray and worship facing towards Mecca, wherever they may be in the world. Mosque- ‘Masjid' in Arabic, a place of prostration' for Muslims; it is a communal place of worship for a Muslim community. Muhammad- The final prophet of Islam, to whom the Qur'an was revealed. Prophet- A messenger of Allah. The Qur'an says there are 25 prophets in Islam, beginning with Adam and ending with the Prophet Muhammad. Ummah- Means 'community' and refers to the worldwide community of Muslims who share a common religious identity. NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 Prophethood (Risalah – Qur’an 2: 136) Prophets (rusul) are human beings chosen by God to receive his message on behalf of humankind; this channel of communication is called risalah. Their wisdom does not come from within themselves, it comes from God, as the Qur'an makes clear: And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of God. For every term is a decree. (Qur'an 13.38) The Qur'an teaches that every age has been given its own prophet, bringing God’s message to the people (in the form of a book) (Qur'an 6.48) And We send not the messengers except as bringers of good tidings and warmers. (Qur’an 6. 48) The teachings given by the Prophet Muhammad are essentially the same as the messages that have been preached by all the prophets back to Adam: the need to worship the one, true God, who will be the judge of all. What is prophethood? Prophets (rusul) are humans chosen by God to receive his message on behalf of humankind. This channel of communication is called 'risalah’. The wisdom of the prophets does not come from themselves but from God. The Qur'an teaches that every age has been given its own prophet, bringing God's message to the people. Muhammad was the last prophet and is the Seal of the Prophets. Through him the will of God has been revealed fully and precisely. Why are the prophets important in Islam? God sent many prophets throughout history to guide his people. [Qur'an 2:136 refers to 'what has been revealed to lbrahim (Abraham) and Ishma'il Islam? (Ishmael]) and Ishaq (Isaac] and Yaqub (Jacobl and the Descendants and what was given to the prophets from their Lord'.] Prophets are human beings chosen to carry God's message. Twenty-five of the prophets are mentioned by name in the Qur'an. These are found in the Jewish and Christian scriptures (e.g. Ibrahim [Abraham], Musa [Moses], Dawud [David] and Isa [Jesus]]. Muslims believe that over time the message from these prophets became lost or corrupted, so there was need for a final revelation. NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets, was given the revelation of the Qur'an - God's final and absolute word. Muslims believe prophets are sent by God Muslims have an important role in the revelation of God; they show people what God expects of them Muslims believe they should follow the example of the prophets in terms of their faith in God and their teachings and actions Most Muslims believe Muhammad was the Seal of the Prophets because Muhammad was the last in a long line of prophets and that there will never be another prophet after him Most Muslims honour and respect Muhammed especially because without him there would be no Qur'an or Hadith Muslims believe Adam was the first human and first prophet Muslims believe the Ka'aba (Islam's holiest site) was built by Adam, the sacred stone was placed there by Ibrahim and Muhammad re-dedicated it to the worship of one God Ibrahim and Isa are important because they gave the world Judaism and Christianity and Jews and Christians are considered 'people of the book' Most Muslims will use the words 'Peace Be Upon Him' after they have said or written the name of a prophet because they are considered so important Exam Questions Describe risalah in Islam [5] ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Explain what is meant by prophethood. 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NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Islamic teachings on Adam, the first prophet. Adam Formed by God from a handful of soil, Eve (Hawwal) was created from his rib. They lived together in paradise but disobeyed God and were banished from paradise. Adam confessed his sin and was forgiven, becoming the first prophet. The father of the human race Adam was created as Gods Khalifah (his representative on earth) He was the first human and so all human knowledge as its origins with Adam. Adam built the first Ka’bah. Ibrahim (Abraham) Born into a polytheistic family - but believed in only one God. This is why he is seen as the greatest of the early prophets. Father of two sons: Ishaq (Isaac] through Sarah and Ishma'il (Ishmael] through Hajar (Hagar) Built a knew Ka’bah. Many Muslims follow the example of Ibrahim in how faithful he was to God. God told Ibrahim to sacrifice Ishmael, the devil tried to tempt Ibrahim to not sacrifice his son. Ibrahim drove the evil one away by throwing stones at him. There is a tradition that God revealed a holy book to Ibrahim, known as the Scrolls of Ibrahim. NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 Ishmael The second son of Ibrahim (Abraham) through Hajar Hagar) Showed exemplary faith in his father and in God - was willing to give up his life. This event is commemorated in the festival of ld-ul-Adha. Why are Ibrahim and Ishmael important? Muslims are encouraged to have complete faith in God, as Ibrahim and Ishmael did, life is full of tests and challenges. Maintaining faith in God will bring about untold reward. Isa (Jesus) With Maryam (Mary), his mother, Isa appears prominently in the Qur'an, where it says in Qur'an 2:87 that God gave lsa clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit'. Given the Injil Gospel) and performed many miracles. He did not die on the cross but was taken up to heaven, as God would not allow evil men to triumph over his prophet. Isa was not God or the Son of God - only a prophet. He will return in the second coming when God judges the world. He had a miraculous fatherless birth and foretold the coming of the prophet Islamic teachings on Muhammad: the seal of the Prophets. NAME: DATE: 06/02/2019 Muhammad: the seal of the prophets. Muslims believe that, throughout history, God has
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