Appendix F: Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment

City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Draft EIR

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Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment Enchanted Resorts Project City of Calistoga, Napa, California Calistoga, California, USGS 7.5-minute Topographic Quadrangle Map Township 8 North, Range 6 West and Township 8 North, Range 7 West of the Rancho Carne Humana Land Grant 88-acre Study Area

Prepared for:

City of Calistoga Planning and Building Department 1232 Washington Street Calistoga, CA 94515 707.942.2827

Attn: Erik Lundquist, Senior Planner

Prepared by:

Michael Brandman Associates Bishop Ranch 3 2633 Camino Ramon, Suite 460 San Ramon, CA 94583 925.830.2733

Author/Contact: Carrie D. Wills, Senior Project Archaeologist

Fieldwork Conducted By: Carrie D. Wills Fieldwork Conducted On: September 8 and 21, 2010 Report Date: November 5, 2010

Keywords: Calistoga, California, USGS topographic quadrangle map, Napa River City of Calistoga - Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Management Summary...... 1 Section 1: Introduction...... 3 1.1 - Project Location ...... 3 1.2 - Project Description...... 3 1.3 - Assessment Team ...... 3 Section 2: Cultural Setting ...... 7 2.1 - Prehistoric Background ...... 7 2.1.1 - Windmiller Pattern or Early Horizon (3000 to 1000 B.C.)...... 8 2.1.2 - Berkeley Pattern or Middle Horizon (1000 B.C. to A.D. 500) ...... 8 2.1.3 - Augustine Pattern or Late Horizon (A.D. 500 to Historic Period) ...... 9 2.2 - Native American Background...... 9 2.3 - Historic Background ...... 10 2.3.1 - Spanish Period ...... 10 2.3.2 - Mexican Period...... 11 2.3.3 - European Expansion ...... 11 2.4 - History of Napa County ...... 12 2.4.1 - City of Calistoga ...... 13 Section 3: Results...... 15 3.1 - Record Searches ...... 15 3.1.1 - Information Center Search ...... 15 3.1.2 - Native American Heritage Commission Record Search...... 19 3.2 - Pedestrian Survey...... 19 3.2.1 - Identification of Previously Recorded Sites ...... 19 Section 4: Summary and Recommendations ...... 22 4.1 - Summary...... 22 4.2 - Recommendations ...... 22 4.2.1 - Cultural Resource Recommendations...... 22 4.3 - Inadvertent Discovery Procedures ...... 23 4.3.1 - Accidental Discovery of Human Remains ...... 23 4.3.2 - Accidental Discovery of Cultural Resources ...... 24 Section 5: References...... 25

Appendix A: Cultural Resources Correspondence A-1: Native American Heritage Commission Sacred Lands File Search Response A-2: Native American Information Request Representative Letter Appendix B: Personnel Qualifications Appendix C: Regulatory Framework Appendix D: Project Area Photographs Appendix E: DPR Forms

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LIST OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1: Regional Location Map...... 4 Exhibit 2: Local Vicinity Map Topographic Base ...... 5 Exhibit 3: Local Vicinity Map Aerial Base...... 6

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MANAGEMENT SUMMARY

At the request of the City of Calistoga, Michael Brandman Associates (MBA) conducted a Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment at the proposed project area located within Napa County, California (Exhibit 1). The proposed project consists of the development of (1) resort/hotel uses; (2) Residence Club uses; and (3) custom home residential uses on the 88-acre project site, as well as associated onsite and offsite improvements.

The purpose of this assessment is to identify the presence or absence of potentially significant cultural resources within the project area, and, if impacted by the proposed development, propose recommendations for mitigation. Completion of this investigation fulfills the requirements associated with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This report closely follows the California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) procedures for cultural resource surveys and the OHP’s Archaeological Resource Management Report (ARMR) format for archaeological reports.

On August 26, 2010 and September 24, 2010, Erin McMurry, MBA Cultural Resource Assistant, conducted a record search at the Northwest Information Center (NWIC) in Rohnert Park for the project area and a 0.25-mile radius beyond the project boundaries. Results from the NWIC record search indicate that 11 previous studies were conducted within 0.25 mile of the project area. Thirteen sites have been recorded within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area; five historic sites are within the project boundaries; and two prehistoric sites were recorded east of the project area in an area that may be utilized for a pipeline alignment.

On August 31, 2010, MBA sent a letter to the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) in an effort to determine whether any sacred sites are listed on its Sacred Lands File for the project area. The response from the NAHC was received on September 2, 2010, and it noted that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate project area. A list of two Native American tribal members who may have additional knowledge of the project area was included with the results. These tribal members were sent letters on September 28, 2010 asking for any additional information they might have concerning the project area.

On October 15, 2010, Mr. Vince Salsedo of the Mishelwal Wappo tribe requested a copy of the Cultural Resource Assessment Report and stated that he would be conducting an independent investigation of the project for Native American resources. On December 10, 2010, the Cultural Resource Assessment Report was put on an FTP site for Mr. Salsedo to review. On December 17, 2010, he responded that he felt there was a potential for discovery of Native American resources within the project area and requested a Native American monitor be present during ground disturbance. On December 20, 2010, Mr. Salsedo contacted MBA and stated that he had specific concerns about the area east of State Route 29/128 (SR-29/128) and general concerns about the area west of SR-29/128. He requested monitoring for all ground disturbance in the area east of SR-29/128

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MBA Senior Project Archaeologist Carrie D. Wills surveyed the project area on September 8 and 21, 2010. The project area consists of very steep, densely wooded terrain located west of (SR-29/128) and flat grassy terrain and rural residential uses on sloping terrain east of SR-29/128.

Two prehistoric sites, P-28-001505 and P-28-000817, were previously recorded east of SR-29/128. During the course of the pedestrian survey, elements of prehistoric site P-28-001505 were found east of SR-29/128; the resources found included an obsidian projectile point and obsidian flakes. However, previously recorded prehistoric site P-28-000817 was not found during the survey because of very dense grass in the site area.

In the area east of SR-29/128, two alignments are being considered that may provide reclaimed water for irrigation use for the project. If either of the alignments is constructed, it is possible that they could impact one or both of the previously recorded sites. To ensure protection of potential prehistoric resources it is recommended that an archaeologist in conjunction with a Native American representative conduct construction monitoring for any ground disturbance within the areas of project impact east of SR-29/128.

In addition, although the main project area (west of SR-29/128) is considered to have low sensitivity for prehistoric resources, there is the possibility that unknown prehistoric resources are present below the ground surface. Therefore, since it is unknown if prehistoric resources are within the main project area (west of SR-29/128), periodic monitoring of ground disturbance is warranted in areas likely to have been utilized by Native Americans. The periodic monitoring in the main project area would be conducted by either the Native American monitor or the archaeological monitor in conjunction with the monitoring efforts for the area east of SR-29/128.

Four previously recorded historic sites were found within the main project area. The four historic sites that were found during the survey are not considered historically significant; therefore, no further archaeological work is recommended for these sites.

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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 - Project Location

The project site is located in the City of Calistoga, Napa County, California (Exhibit 1). The project site is located on the Calistoga, California, United States Geological Survey 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map, Township 8 North, Ranges 6 and 7 West, Rancho Carne Humana (Exhibit 2). The project site is located at 411 Foothill Boulevard and consists of approximately 88 acres bounded by forested residential land (west), Foothill Boulevard (designated as State Routes 29 and 128 [SR- 29/128]) (north), forested residential land (east), and vineyards and forest land (south) (Exhibit 3).

1.2 - Project Description

The proposed project consists of the development of (1) resort/hotel uses; (2) Residence Club uses; and (3) custom home residential uses on the 88-acre project site, as well as associated onsite and offsite improvements. The proposed project would merge and re-subdivide the project site, amend the previous entitlements associated with the Diamond Hill Estates Subdivision, and require a General Plan Amendment and Rezone. The General Plan Amendment would involve re-designating the project site from “Rural Residential – Hillside” to “Planned Development Ordinance,” and the rezone would involve re-designating the site from “Rural Residential – Hillside” to “Planned Development Ordinance.”

Offsite improvements will be necessary to serve the resort, including the extension of water, sewer, and reclaimed water service to the project site. These offsite improvements would entail installation of pipe, improvements to lift stations, and expansion of storage facilities east of SR-29/128. The exact pipeline alignment locations and other particulars for the area east of SR-29/128 have not yet been determined, although two alignments are being considered that may provide reclaimed water for irrigation use for the project.

1.3 - Assessment Team

MBA Senior Project Archaeologist Carrie D. Wills conducted the pedestrian survey and authored this report. Professional qualifications for Ms. Wills can be found in Appendix B.

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City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Cultural Setting

SECTION 2: CULTURAL SETTING

Following is a brief overview of the prehistory, Native American, and historic background, providing a context in which to understand the background and relevance of sites found within and near the project area. This section is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the current resources available; rather, it serves as a general overview.

Further details can be found in ethnographic studies, mission records, and major published sources, including Beardsley (1948), Bennyhoff (1950), Fredrickson (1973 and 1974), Kroeber (1925), Chartkoff and Chartkoff (1984), and Moratto (1984).

2.1 - Prehistoric Background

Early archaeological investigations in central California were conducted at sites located in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region. The first published account documents investigations in the Lodi and Stockton area (Schenck and Dawson 1929). The initial archaeological reports typically contained descriptive narratives, with more systematic approaches sponsored by Sacramento Junior College in the 1930s. At the same time, University of California at Berkeley excavated several sites in the lower Sacramento Valley and Delta region, which resulted in recognizing archaeological site patterns based on variations of inter-site assemblages. Research during the 1930s identified temporal periods in central California prehistory and provided an initial chronological sequence (Lillard and Purves 1936; Lillard, et al. 1939). In 1939, Lillard noted that each cultural period led directly to the next and that influences spread from the Delta region to other regions in central California (Lillard, et al. 1939). In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Beardsley documented similarities in artifacts among sites in the San Francisco Bay region and the Delta and refined his findings into a cultural model that ultimately became know as the Central California Taxonomic System (CCTS). This system proposed a uniform, linear sequence of cultural succession (Beardsley 1948 and 1954). The CCTS system was challenged by Gerow, whose work looked at radiocarbon dating to show that Early and Middle Horizon sites were not subsequent developments but, at least partially, contemporaneous (1954; 1974; Gerow with Force 1968).

To address some of the flaws in the CCTS system, Fredrickson (1973) introduced a revision that incorporated a system of spatial and cultural integrative units. Fredrickson separated cultural, temporal, and spatial units from each other and assigned them to six chronological periods: Paleo- Indian (10000 to 6000 B.C.); Lower, Middle and Upper Archaic (6000 B.C. to A.D. 500), and Emergent (Upper and Lower, A.D. 500 to 1800). The suggested temporal ranges are similar to earlier horizons, which are broad cultural units that can be arranged in a temporal sequence (Moratto 1984). In addition, Fredrickson defined several patterns—a general way of life shared within a specific geographical region. These patterns include:

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• Windmiller Pattern or Early Horizon (3000 to 1000 B.C.) • Berkeley Pattern or Middle Horizon (1000 B.C. to A.D. 500) • Augustine Pattern or Late Horizon (A.D. 500 to historic period)

Brief descriptions of these temporal ranges and their unique characteristics follow.

2.1.1 - Windmiller Pattern or Early Horizon (3000 to 1000 B.C.) Characterized by the Windmiller Pattern, the Early Horizon was centered in the Cosumnes district of the Delta and emphasized hunting rather than gathering, as evidenced by the abundance of projectile points in relation to plant processing tools. Additionally, atlatl, dart, and spear technologies typically included stemmed projectile points of slate and chert but minimal obsidian. The large variety of projectile point types and faunal remains suggests exploitation of numerous types of terrestrial and aquatic species (Bennyhoff 1950; Ragir 1972). Burials occurred in cemeteries and intra-village graves. These burials typically were ventrally extended, although some dorsal extensions are known with a westerly orientation and a high number of grave goods. Trade networks focused on acquisition of ornamental and ceremonial objects in finished form rather than on raw material. The presence of artifacts made of exotic materials such as quartz, obsidian, and shell indicates an extensive trade network that may represent the arrival of Utian populations into central California. Also indicative of this period are rectangular Haliotis and Olivella shell beads, and charmstones that usually were perforated.

2.1.2 - Berkeley Pattern or Middle Horizon (1000 B.C. to A.D. 500) The Middle Horizon is characterized by the Berkeley Pattern, which displays considerable changes from the Early Horizon. This period exhibited a strong milling technology represented by minimally shaped cobble mortars and pestles, although metates and manos were still used. Dart and atlatl technologies during this period were characterized by non-stemmed projectile points made primarily of obsidian. Fredrickson (1973) suggests that the Berkeley Pattern marked the eastward expansion of Miwok groups from the San Francisco Bay Area. Compared with the Early Horizon, there is a higher proportion of grinding implements at this time, implying an emphasis on plant resources rather than on hunting. Typical burials occurred within the village with flexed positions, variable cardinal orientation, and some cremations. As noted by Lillard, the practice of spreading ground ochre over the burial was common at this time (Lillard, et al. 1939). Grave goods during this period are generally sparse and typically include only utilitarian items and a few ornamental objects. However, objects such as charmstones, quartz crystals, and bone whistles occasionally were present, which suggest the religious or ceremonial significance of the individual (Hughes 1994). During this period, larger populations are suggested by the number and depth of sites compared with the Windmiller Pattern. According to Fredrickson (1973), the Berkeley Pattern reflects gradual expansion or assimilation of different populations rather than sudden population replacement and a gradual shift in economic emphasis.

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2.1.3 - Augustine Pattern or Late Horizon (A.D. 500 to Historic Period) The Late Horizon is characterized by the Augustine Pattern, which represents a shift in the general subsistence pattern. Changes include the introduction of bow and arrow technology; and most importantly, acorns became the predominant food resource. Trade systems expanded to include raw resources as well as finished products. There are more baked clay artifacts and extensive use of Haliotis ornaments of many elaborate shapes and forms. Burial patterns retained the use of flexed burials with variable orientation, but there was a reduction in the use of ochre and widespread evidence of cremation (Moratto 1984). Judging from the number and types of grave goods associated with the two types of burials, cremation seems to have been reserved for individuals of higher status, whereas other individuals were buried in flexed positions. Johnson (1976) suggests that the Augustine Pattern represents expansion of the Wintuan population from the north, which resulted in combining new traits with those established during the Berkeley Pattern.

Central California research has expanded from an emphasis on defining chronological and cultural units to a more comprehensive look at settlement and subsistence systems. This shift is illustrated by the early use of burials to identify mortuary assemblages and more recent research using osteological data to determine the health of prehistoric populations (Dickel et al. 1984). Although debate continues over a single model or sequence for central California, the general framework consisting of three temporal/cultural units is generally accepted, although the identification of regional and local variation is a major goal of current archaeological research.

2.2 - Native American Background

At the time of European contact, the project area was occupied by the Wappo tribe of California Native Americans. The Wappo occupied the greater Napa Valley and surrounding mountains, from near the present-day cites of Napa and Sonoma to the south, Cobb Mountain to the north, Pope Valley to the east, and the Russian River and Alexander Valleys to the west. In addition, a Wappo group also occupied the south shore of Clear Lake to the north. Wappo territory extended approximately 20 miles east to west and 50 miles north to south, with the Clear Lake territory covering just over five square miles. The Wappo language is related to a family of four Yukian languages that include Yuki, Coast Yuki, and Huchnom; however, Wappo is noted as being very different from the others. Based primarily on linguistic variation, the Wappo area can be divided into the small, northern Clear Lake group, and the southern area, which is further subdivided into the western, northern, central, and southern areas. The Wappo seasonally traveled outside of their territories to Clear Lake, the Russian River, and the Pacific Ocean for resource procurement. Wappo groups lived in permanent villages typically located near a creek or other water source, and in summer camps along rivers and creeks (Kroeber 1976; Sawyer 1978).

The Wappo subsistence base varied seasonally and included gathering seeds, plant resources, honey, and a variety of saltwater and freshwater animals in the valley, and the mountains, as well as from the Pacific Ocean. A large portion of the Wappo diet consisted of fish (salmon, bullheads, chub),

Michael Brandman Associates 9 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Cultural Setting shellfish (abalone, clams, mussels), crabs, eels, turtles, deer and small mammals, waterfowl (ducks and geese), and quail caught or netted from various waterways. Acorns were a staple of the Wappo diet and were obtained from communally owned oak groves and stored in granaries as insurance against famine in poor harvest years. Buckeye and clovers were also important plant contributors to the Wappo diet. Seasonally spawning fish (salmon, sucker, pike, hitch, chay, blackfish, native carp, bass) were an important resource particularly in the spring when they migrated to the shallower waters of Clear Lake and up the rivers in large quantities where they could be caught with bone fishhooks, basket traps, nets, weirs, and seines, and dried for storage during the rest of the year (McLendon and Lowy 1978; Sawyer 1978).

Little is known about the Wappo trade system, although Sawyer (1978) notes that it was not extensive, but it likely included various resources exchanged with the surrounding groups of Patwin, Nomlake, Southern Pomo, Eastern Pomo, Southeastern Pomo, Lake Miwok, and Coast Miwok. From the north, the Wappo obtained bows, yellowhammer headbands, magnesite cylinders, and salt, and from the south and southwest, ocean resources from the Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo. The Wappo obtained obsidian from Glass Mountain, located within their territory, and may have traded this resource to surrounding groups. Johnson (1976) notes that others recognized the Wappo as travelers, as they moved through Pomo and Miwok territories to the Russian River and Pacific Ocean to obtain various resources such as fish, shellfish (clam, abalone, and mussels), and seaweed. The Wappo’s relationships with nearby tribes were not always friendly. Sawyer (1978) notes that relations were strained with various nearby Native American groups and that the provocations primarily consisted of resource theft, murder, and poisoning, with subsequent retaliations consisting of organized battles between individuals or groups, with occasional larger skirmishes that typically did not involve the death of many individuals.

Wappo mortuary practices included cremation of the deceased body and personal possessions the day after death at a pyre a mile or more from the village. People who died during wars were burned on the battlefield and enemy dead were abandoned. During the 20th century, cremation practices were replaced by burial of the deceased (Sawyer 1978).

2.3 - Historic Background

The history of the Napa Valley can be divided into several periods of influence; pertinent historic periods are briefly summarized below.

2.3.1 - Spanish Period Spanish exploration into the San Francisco Bay and Central Valley dates back to the late 1700s. The first recorded Spanish expedition into the Napa Valley was much later, conducted in 1823 by Padre José Altimira. Areas north of the San Francisco Bay were largely unexplored, and the Wappo way of life was not as affected by the establishment of the Spanish Mission system as other groups in the immediate vicinity of the San Francisco Bay (Barrett 1908). The Wappo are believed to have

Michael Brandman Associates 10 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Cultural Setting acquired their name from the Spanish word guapo, meaning “brave,” in response to their fierce opposition to the Spanish-American invasion of their lands. In the Wappo language, they referred to themselves as “the people who speak plainly and truthfully, the outspoken ones” (Kroeber 1925; Sawyer 1978).

2.3.2 - Mexican Period With the declaration of Mexican independence in 1821, Spanish control of Alta California ended, although little change actually occurred. Political change did not take place until mission secularization in 1834, when Native Americans were released from missionary control and the mission lands were granted to private individuals. Shoup and Milliken (1999) state that mission secularization removed the social protection and support on which Native Americans had come to rely. It exposed them to further exploitation by outside interests, often forcing them into a marginal existence as laborers for large ranchos. Following mission secularization, the Mexican population grew as the native population continued to decline. Anglo-American settlers began to arrive in Alta California during this period and often married into Mexican families, becoming Mexican citizens, which made them eligible to receive land grants, thirteen of which were established in the Napa Valley between 1836 and 1846. In 1846, on the eve of the U.S.-Mexican War (1846 to 1848), the estimated population of Alta California was 8,000 non-natives and 10,000 Native Americans. However, these estimates have been debated. Cook (1976) suggests the Native American population was 100,000 in 1850; the U.S. Census of 1880 reports the Native American population as 20,385.

2.3.3 - European Expansion The first Anglo-American settler in Napa Valley was George C. Yount in 1831, after he obtained the Mexican grant Rancho Caymus. When Yount arrived, six Wappo groups were living in the Napa Valley, speaking different but mutually understandable dialects. The Mayacomas lived near the hot springs around present-day Calistoga, the Callajomanas lived near present-day St. Helena, the Caymus lived within the Yount land grant and the present-day town of Yountville, the Napa occupied the land grant of Entre Napa between Napa River and Napa Creek, the Ulucas lived on the east side of Napa River near present-day Napa, and the Susol occupied the Susol Grant (Barrett 1908). In 1848, as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, California became a United States territory, and Anglo-American settlers were soon granted deeds from the original thirteen Mexican ranchos. Also in late 1848, John Marshall found gold at Sutter’s Mill in Coloma, which marked the start of the California Gold Rush. The influx of miners and entrepreneurs increased the population of California, not including Native Californians, from 14,000 to 224,000 in just four years (Bailey 1984).

After California was acquired by the United States, the federal government began establishing reservations for the Native Americans in the new lands, and in 1851, Colonel Redick M’Kee and a group of soldiers traveled northward from Sonoma to assess the Native American population. This military expedition lead to the establishment of the nearby Mendocino and Round Valley Reservations in 1856 (Barrett 1908).

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2.4 - History of Napa County

The first non-American Indian presence in the area that would become Napa County was a fort built by the Spanish Governor, Felipe de Neve, in 1776; in the early 1800s, the area was used by settlers from nearby areas to graze sheep and cattle. Between 1821 and 1846, California was under the control of the Mexican Government, which divided the Napa County area into 12 separate ranchos. The first Anglo-Saxon resident in the general vicinity of the project area is believed to be George Calvert Yount. When he first arrived in 1831, Yount made his living hunting and trapping in the valley. In 1836, Yount obtained a grant from the Mexican government for the Caymus Rancho, where he built what is commonly believed to be the first log house in California. Soon afterward, he built a sawmill and a grist mill and was responsible for planting the first vineyard in Napa County. Following Yount’s death in 1865, the town of Yountville was named in his honor.

In 1850, Napa became one of the original 27 counties of California, with Napa City (later shortened to Napa) serving as the County seat. During the mid-1850s, Napa County began to grow. While gold was being prospected in other areas of the State, Napa County became a center for silver and quicksilver mining. The County’s population began to swell as pioneers, prospectors, and entrepreneurs moved in and set up residence. Two of those entrepreneurs were Edward Turner Bale and Samuel Brannan. Bale completed the Bale Grist Mill a few miles north of St. Helena in 1846. Brannan purchased land in the northern end of the valley at the foot of Mount Saint Helena and founded the City of Calistoga. Brannan began developing Calistoga as a resort town, taking advantage of the area’s numerous mineral hot springs and temperate climate. He also founded the Napa Valley Railroad Company in 1864 to bring tourists to Calistoga from the San Francisco ferryboats that docked in Vallejo. Others settlers that immigrated into Calistoga started turned to agrarian endeavors, primarily raising cattle, grain, and fruit crops.

In the latter part of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century, Napa County experienced industrial and agricultural growth and related commercial and residential expansion. Cinnabar, better known as mercury ore or quicksilver, was discovered northwest of Calistoga in 1860 and remained an important part of the local economy through the turn of the twentieth century. Other industrial ventures included tanneries, lumber mills, dry goods factories, flourmills, and wineries. Napa State Hospital (originally known as the Napa State Asylum for the Insane) provided additional jobs for local residents. The State started construction of the facility in 1873 and continually expanded it through the 1880s. Agricultural pursuits also drew people to the Napa Valley. Grains such as barley and wheat were the primary crops until the end of the nineteenth century when orchard crops and grapes supplanted the grains as the region’s main crops. Grapes in particular thrived in the County and supported the wine industry. Agriculturalists also raised poultry, cattle, and sheep. These economic engines drew people to the Napa Valley and spurred further residential and commercial development (Sullivan 1994).

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The development of several interurban rail lines in the early twentieth century encouraged further growth in the Napa Valley. The Vallejo, Benicia, and Napa Valley railroad started carrying passengers between Napa and Vallejo in 1905. The San Francisco, Vallejo, and Napa Valley Railroad Company formed in 1906 and extended service to St. Helena in 1908. The two companies eventually merged and extended the rails to Calistoga in 1912. Workers could now easily commute to jobs at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard or in Vallejo while living in Napa, spurring residential growth. The rail lines also supported Napa Valley’s industries and agriculture as shipping became easier. Tourism received a boost as well, since it was even more convenient for visitors from the greater Bay Area to reach the Napa Valley.

The County’s industrial base and population of commuters expanded in the 1920s with the founding of the Basalt Rock Company in 1924; the expansion of the Mare Island Shipyards; the improvement of roads throughout the Valley; and the continued operation of the area’s clothing, fruit, and lumber industries. These industries and commuters allowed the City of Napa to weather the Great Depression relatively well, but the County’s agricultural base suffered heavily during the Depression. The implementation of Prohibition in 1920 dealt the local wineries a heavy blow, and although a few wineries remained in business making sacramental wine, most vintners ceased their operations and abandoned their vineyards.

Like the rest of the Bay Area, Napa County experienced a boom during World War II. Wartime workers commuted from Napa County to the shipyards and factories in the Bay Area and increased the demand for housing in the area. Local manufacturers also helped sustain the area, as did the recovering agricultural industry. With the repeal of Prohibition in 1933 and the onset of World War II, growers and vintners experienced a resurgence in demand for their products. After the war, many wartime workers remained permanently in the area and retained jobs with employers such as the Basalt Rock Company (later part of Kaiser Steel), the Rough Rider Clothing Company, and Napa State Hospital. Other workers commuted (typically in their cars rather than by railroad) to jobs at Mare Island and at other places in the greater Bay Area.

After the post-war boom years, the region’s industries declined as manufacturers moved their operations overseas in the 1970s and 1980s. The tourism industry thrived, though, as vineyards and wineries fully recovered from Prohibition after the war and as the region’s wine grew in quality, reputation, and prestige.

2.4.1 - City of Calistoga The project area is within the City of Calistoga. Following is a brief summary of the historic antecedents for Calistoga.

Samuel Brannan purchased land at the north end of the Napa Valley in 1859, hoping to capitalize on the area’s mineral waters and natural hot springs. Brannan sold off plots of his land to finance the development of a resort based around these geothermal resources. Billed as the Saratoga Springs of

Michael Brandman Associates 13 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Cultural Setting the west, Brannan’s Hot Spring’s Hotel opened in 1862. The hotel included guest cottages, bathing pools, landscaped parks, stables, a dance pavilion, and an observatory. The hotel attracted wealthy guests from San Francisco and throughout the Bay Area looking to escape the city fog and summer in the Napa Valley. Brannan encouraged the development of the town to support his resort and laid out commercial and residential plots near the resort. To make the resort more accessible to visitors from the Bay Area and to further increase the development of the town, Brannan and a small group of investors built the Napa Valley Railroad in 1864 and extended the tracks north to Calistoga in 1868. With the completion of the railroad, Calistoga became the transportation hub for the north Napa Valley (Waters 2008).

Tourism continued to thrive in Calistoga throughout the late 1800s, bolstered by the visit of author Robert Louis Stevenson in 1880. Stevenson and his wife, Fannie Vandergiff Osbourne, honeymooned in a cabin at the abandoned Silverado Mine camp. Stevenson recorded his impressions of the town and its people in his travel memoir, The Silverado Squatters.

Like the greater Napa Valley, Calistoga benefitted economically from mining and agriculture. Silver was discovered near Calistoga in 1857 and in subsequent years, but the finds yielded few results. Cinnabar, better known as mercury ore, was found and mined in large quantities from the 1860s through the turn of the twentieth century. Agriculturalists in the Calistoga area grew a variety of crops including grapes, prunes, and walnuts.

Calistoga incorporated in 1886 and remained a tourist destination, although it also remained a small town with a population of less than 2,000 until after World War II. The City’s distance from the industrial base in Napa and the Bay Area likely contributed to its slow growth (Waters 2008).

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SECTION 3: RESULTS

3.1 - Record Searches

3.1.1 - Information Center Search On August 26, 2010 and September 24, 2010, MBA Cultural Resource Assistant Erin McMurry conducted the cultural resource records search at the Northwestern Information Center (NWIC), located at Sonoma State University in Rohnert Park. The purpose of the records search is to identify any previously recorded historic resources within the project area and a 0.25-mile radius. To identify any historic properties or resources, the current inventories of the National Register of Historic Places (NR), the California Register of Historic Resources (CR), the California Historical Landmarks (CHL) list, the California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI) list, and the California State Historic Resources Inventory (HRI) were reviewed to determine the existence of previously documented local historical resources.

The results of the records search indicated that 11 previous investigations had been conducted within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area (S-000688, S-001766, S-006478, S-012041, S-016849, S-020320, S-021440, S-022105, S-027008, S-030468, and S-032154). Four of the previous investigations included the project area. These included S-001766 (Watts 1979), S-012041 (Farrell 1990), S-030468 (Roop 2005), and S-032154 (Haydon 2005).

Thirteen cultural resources have been recorded within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area. Four of these resources are prehistoric sites (P-28-000367, P-28-000606, P-28-000817, and P-28-001505). Eight are historic-era resources (P-28-000966, P-28-001369, P-28-001370, P-28-001371, P-28- 001372, P-28-001456, P-28-001503, and P-28-001504). One site has both prehistoric and historic components (P-28-000998). Brief descriptions of the sites and their locations in relation to the project area follow.

P-28-000367/CA-NAP-480. This site was originally recorded in 1977 as the “remains of a large, and well-known village site which has been subjected to various changes since the 1870s when the first residences were built.” The author also noted obsidian scatter and that burials were rumored to be at the site. Caltrans updated the portion of the site in the highway right-of-way in 2005 and reported that a “moderately dense scatter of obsidian flakes and tool fragments occurs in an open parking area across from the Shell gas station on the south side of SR-29/128.” Caltrans notes that most of the site is located in a developed urban area, but that some deposits may be present beneath the existing streets. The site is mapped as being approximately 850 feet northwest of this project’s northwestern corner.

P-28-000606/CA-NAP-731. This site was originally recorded in 1987 and described as “a moderate scatter of obsidian debitage, some small obsidian pebbles, and debitage representing initial and secondary stages of biface preparation and midden soils.” The recorder also reported the

Michael Brandman Associates 15 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Results discovery of projectiles and a possible cranial fragment. Caltrans updated the portion of the site in the SR-29/128 right-of-way in 2005. Caltrans only noted one obsidian flake, but that “the soil does appear darkened.” Caltrans also noted that “the immediate environment consists of the flat valley floor in an urban area . . . road gravel is mixed with the surface soil throughout and apparent digging is visible in two spots next to the edge-of-pavement.” The site is located approximately 997 feet northwest of the northwestern corner of the project area.

P-28-000817/CA-NAP-914. This site was recorded in 1997 by David Chavez Associates as “. . . a dense concentration of midden-like soil with obsidian flakes, flake tools, an obsidian biface fragment, a projectile point fragment, fire-fractured rock and possible hammerstones present.” No additional features or artifacts were reported. The recorder notes that “the possibility of subsurface cultural deposits is good, as is the data potential.” The site is mapped as being approximately 913 feet north of the project area’s northwestern intersection with SR-29/128.

P-28-000966. This linear resource was updated by Caltrans in 2006. The resource is the Napa Valley Railroad and “. . . consists of one railroad track that currently starts in the city of Napa and ends in St. Helena.” This record evaluates the segment of track, bridges, culverts, spur lines, and railroad stations between Rutherford and St. Helena. This area is outside the 0.25-mile radius of the project area, but it does discuss the entire line. The record notes that the Napa Valley Railroad was determined eligible for the National Register in 2002 under Criterion A for its association with the development of the Napa Valley and wineries in the Napa Valley. It was also determined to be eligible under Criterion B for its association with Samuel Brannan. Caltrans concludes in 2005, though, that “the Napa Valley Railroad is not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. The railroad, while significant to local history under Criterion A and B for its association with local agricultural history and pioneer Samuel Brannan, does not maintain the historical integrity necessary to convey its significance.” One of the major reasons for this loss of integrity is the removal of the track between St. Helena and Calistoga. Caltrans concludes that “. . . the railroad does not convey its significance in associate with Samuel Brannan because the railroad no longer connects to Calistoga.” A portion of the track that was removed ran along the northeastern edge of this project’s 0.25-mile radius.

P-28-000998/CA-NAP-935/H. This site has a prehistoric component and a historic component. The site was recorded in 1999 by Archaeological Resource Service as a “. . . dry stacked stone wall used to control Teale Creek. The wall is a continuous stretch on the north side with patches of stonework on the south side. The wall is approximately 6 feet tall and constructed of boulders . . . the wall runs for approximately 121 feet between the west property line and a redwood clump downstream. It does continue onto the neighbor’s property for an unknown distance. The prehistoric lithic scatter is located on the south side of Teale Creek in an area that’s currently vineyards.” The recorder also reported that “primary, secondary and tertiary flakes all ranging in size from less than a quarter inch to over an inch in size were observed in the vineyard.” The recorder noted the discovery

Michael Brandman Associates 16 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Results of flake tools, biface fragments, chalcedony core, and pieces of carvable serpentine. A historic-era barn was also reported to be in the area. The recorder concludes that the stone wall is likely associated with this 1890s era barn. The historic retaining wall is mapped as being approximately 939 feet south of the project area’s southern boundary. The lithic scatter is just south of the wall.

P-28-001369. This site was recorded on a California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary Record form in 2005 as “potential cultural modified depressions/pits . . . situated on a ridgeline saddle. Seventy-nine distinctive pits and seventy-two possible pits were observed. The distinctive pits are characterized by shallow (1-3 foot), circular (6-15 foot) depressions. The possible pits are characterized by shallow (<1 foot), circular (3-6 foot) ground depressions.” The recorder also reported that “minor excavation (2-4’ depth) from the center of several of the distinctive pits revealed no midden soil, no surface artifacts, no lithic scatter and no fire-cracked rock.” Additional trenching of three pits found no prehistoric or historic era artifacts. The recorder concluded that the pit features “appear to have been excavated by pick and shovel” and that the pits “. . . are prospects associated with an abortive mining operation.” The site is located within the project area near the project’s southern boundary. The recorder describes the site as “ . . . located on the first ridge south of the City of Calistoga and east of Kortum Canyon, and is situated between the Napa River and an unnamed USGS stream adjacent to Diamond Mountain Road.”

P-28-001370. This site was recorded on a California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary Record form in 2005. The site is described as “a seasonal road from the City of Calistoga/valley floor to the ridgetop.” The recorder reports that the road “ . . . was constructed in approximately 1870 for fire suppression access . . . the road has been maintained by Roland DeGuarda, who owns the lower (non-ridgetop) portion of the road.” No other features or artifacts were noted. The site is located on the western end of the project area and is accessed from Foothill Boulevard.

P-28-001371. This site was recorded on a California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary Record form in 2005. The site includes two adits and a cistern. The recorder reports that Adit-1 ” . . . appears to have been unsupported, and the entrance is mostly collapsed with remains of an opening approximately 2 feet high within an approximate 4 foot deep and wide circle/pit. Soil and rock tailings were observed below the entrance.” Adit-2 is described as “ . . . approximately 3 feet wide, 3 feet high, and 6-8 feet deep, where it appears to have collapsed and/or was abandoned. No tailings were immediately evident.” The cistern is described as ” . . . approximately 4 feet wide, 6 feet long, and 6 feet deep . . . located adjacent to the access road.” The recorder also reports that the cistern ” . . . is thought to have collected water (possibly from Adit-1) for use by the structures below. No evidence of water transport structures/pipe was observed.” No other features or artifacts were observed. This site is located on the northwestern side of the project area near Foothill Boulevard. The recorder writes, “ . . . from the intersection of SR 29 and 128 in Calistoga, go south on SR 29/128 approximately 0.4 mile. Turn right into metal gate. Drive up the access road to just above the first

Michael Brandman Associates 17 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Results switchback. Adit-1 is located in a small unstable area just above the first switchback. Adit-2 is located adjacent to the Class III watercourse west of the second switchback. The Cistern is located adjacent to the access road in-between the first switchback.”

P-28-001372. This site was recorded on a California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary Record form in 2005. The site consists of a historic gas station and a two-story house. The recorder writes, “The structures appear to be older than 45 years, however they appear to have been heavily modified. Both structures have corrugated tin roofs. The living house has aluminum frame windows. Both structures are in general disrepair and area not suitable for habitation.” No other features or artifacts were observed. The site is located near the middle of the project area’s north side adjacent to SR-29/128.

P-28-001456. This property was recorded in 2007 by V. R. Beard and consists of a small, one- story house with Craftsman features that was constructed in 1910. The recorder reports that the property was originally owned by a Sonoma County fruit farmer and his family. It was later used as a rental, and then as the home of an immigrant electrician and his family. The recorder evaluated the building under the California Register criteria and found the house to be ineligible for the California Register. The house is located at 1003 Foothill Boulevard, approximately 448 feet northwest of the project area’s northwestern corner.

P-28-001503. This property was recorded in 2008 by ArchaeoMetrics. It is described as “two residential structures and associated outbuildings.” The recorder also writes, “according to the occupant, the buildings were constructed in the late 1940s. However, this has not been confirmed.” No additional research was conducted and the structures were not evaluated. The structures are located at 414 Foothill Boulevard, approximately 510 feet north of the project area’s northern border.

P-28-001504 This site was recorded in 2008 by ArchaeoMetrics. The recorder notes that “a few historic artifacts were noted on the surface including some amethyst glass and fragments of porcelain. Some other melted glass was also noted. According to the landowner, the site consists of a trash pit excavated when the Silverado Bowl burned down in the 1940s. The Silverado Bowl was a roller rink, reportedly located in (what is now) the Caltrans right-of-way. When the building burned down, it was bulldozed. Some materials were removed from the site, other were buried in a trash-pit excavated on the subject property.” No other features or artifacts were recorded. The site is located at 414 Foothill Boulevard, approximately 340 feet north of the project area’s northern border.

P-28-001505/CA-NAP-1078. This site was recorded in 2008 by ArchaeoMetrics. It is described as “ . . . a sparse lithic scatter consisting of approximately ±100 pieces of obsidian debitage.” Geotechnical test trenches were examined, but only Trench 12 had any visible cultural materials. That trench “had two obsidian flakes in the upper 20 centimeters of deposit.” The recorder notes that “ . . . no formal tools were observed. Site is located in an active orchard and materials have been spread around by disking.” The recorder also noted the presence of “several large oyster shell

Michael Brandman Associates 18 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Results fragments”; however, the recorder concluded that “ . . . these appear too large to be of aboriginal origin and are likely associated with historic occupation of the area.” No other features or artifacts were observed. The site is located approximately 534 feet north of the project area’s northern boundary.

3.1.2 - Native American Heritage Commission Record Search On August 31, 2010, MBA sent a letter to the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) in an effort to determine whether any sacred sites are listed on its Sacred Lands File for the project area (Appendix A-1). The response from the NAHC was received on September 2, 2010, and it noted that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate project area. A list of two Native American tribal members who may have additional knowledge of the project area was included with the results. These tribal members were sent letters on September 28, 2010 asking for any additional information they might have concerning the project area (Appendix A-2). On October 15, 2010, Mr. Vince Salsedo of the Mishelwal Wappo tribe requested a copy of the Cultural Resource Assessment Report and stated that he would be conducting an independent investigation of the project for Native American resources. On December 10, 2010, the Cultural Resource Assessment Report was put on an FTP site for Mr. Salsado to access and review. On December 17, 2010, he responded that he felt there was a potential for discovery of Native American resources within the project area and requested a Native American monitor be present during ground disturbance. In addition, in an email dated December 22, 2010, Mr. Salsado stated that he reviewed the mitigation measures for the project and agreed that they were appropriate.

3.2 - Pedestrian Survey

The project area west of SR-29/128 consists o MBA’s Senior Project Archaeologist surveyed the project area on September 8 and 21, 2010. The project area consists of varying terrain, including very steep hillsides, some sloping hills, a few relatively flat but narrow valleys, and a relatively level hilltop in the west-central portion of the project area. A dirt track road traverses through the project area primarily along the perimeter of the hillsides. The project area has dense stands of trees, bushy vegetation, weeds, and tall shrubs covering the majority of the project area (Appendix D, Photographs 1 and 2). Photograph 3 shows dense, grassy vegetation within the project area.

It has not yet been determined which alignment would be utilized in the area east of SR-29/128 for this project. However, brief statements about the previously recorded sites within the project area and east of SR-29/128 follow.

3.2.1 - Identification of Previously Recorded Sites Four previously recorded historic sites (P-28-001369, P-28-001370, P-28-001371, and P-28-001372) and one prehistoric site (P-28-001505) east of SR-29/128 from the main project area were identified during the course of the survey. One previously recorded prehistoric site (P-28-000817) was not found during the survey because of very dense grass in the site area. Additionally, P-28-000817, if

Michael Brandman Associates 19 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Results extant, is within an existing leach field and, therefore, may have been highly disturbed since it was originally recorded in 1997.

During the pedestrian survey, artifacts indicating the presence of prehistoric site P-28-001505 were found northeast of SR-29/128. In the general P-28-001505 site area, prehistoric resources (one obsidian projectile point, one obsidian spear head, and approximately 10 obsidian cores/flakes and oyster shell fragments) were discovered in a 40-meter radius area approximately 75 feet west of the Napa River. A portion of this area may be utilized for offsite improvements (extension of water, sewer, and reclaimed water service to the project site) for the project. Discovery of the prehistoric resources characterizes this portion of what may be part of the project area as sensitive for prehistoric resources.

The four previously recorded historic sites were found during the survey and evaluated to determine if there were any changes in the resources since they were recorded. In addition, one previously recorded prehistoric site was found; it, too, was evaluated to determine if there were any changes since it was originally recorded. All of the previously recorded sites were considered basically unchanged since they were recorded. Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) update forms for each of the resources describing their current condition are provided in Appendix E.

P-28-001369. This site was recorded in 2005 as “potential cultural modified depressions/pits . . . situated on a ridgeline saddle. Seventy-nine distinctive pits and seventy-two possible pits were observed. The distinctive pits are characterized by shallow (1-3 foot), circular (6-15 foot) depressions.” Although dense vegetation limited relocation of all of the pits, Photographs 4 and 5 illustrate the salient features of the pits.

P-28-001370. Recorded in 2005, the site was described as “a seasonal road from the City of Calistoga/valley floor to the ridgetop.” No other features or artifacts were noted. Photograph 6 shows a portion of the road that was found in the northern portion of the project area.

P-28-001371. Recorded in 2005, the site includes two adits and a concrete cistern. Although the adits are presumed to be covered in dense vegetation and therefore were not found during the survey, the cistern was found and matched the original description “ . . . approximately 4 feet wide, 6 feet long, and 6 feet deep . . . located adjacent to the access road.” Photographs 7 and 8 illustrate the visible features of the cistern.

P-28-001372. This site was recorded in 2005 as “ . . . a historic gas station and associated two- story house located adjacent to Hwy 29/128. The structures appear to be older than 45 years, however they appear to have been heavily modified. Both structures have corrugated tin roofs. The living house has aluminum frame windows. Both structures are in general disrepair and area not suitable for habitation.” Photographs 9, 10, and 11 show the features and condition of these structures as noted in the survey for this project.

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P-28-001505/CA-NAP-1078 (east of SR-29/128). Prehistoric site recorded in 2008 and described as “ . . . a sparse lithic scatter consisting of approximately ±100 pieces of obsidian debitage.” The site record notes 15 geotechnical test trenches measuring 2 feet by 6 feet by 5 to 7 feet deep were dug at various locations across the site. Trench 12 was the only trench that had any visible cultural materials, which consisted of two obsidian flakes in the upper 20 centimeters of deposit. The site record notes that “ . . . no formal tools were observed. Site is located in an active orchard and materials have been spread around by disking.”

Although this site is located approximately 534 feet northeast of the project area’s northern boundary, a narrow, linear portion of this area could be utilized for placement of a utility pipe serving the project. During the survey conducted for this project, an approximately 40-meter radius extending 75 to 100 feet west of the Napa River was carefully examined for prehistoric resources. During the survey, prehistoric resources (one obsidian projectile point, one obsidian spear head, and 10 obsidian cores/flakes) were discovered. Photographs 12 and 13 show the general area where the obsidian artifacts were found. The obsidian spear head and projectile point are shown in Photograph 14.

P-28-000817/CA-NAP-914 (east of SR-29/128). The site was recorded in 1997 as “ . . . a dense concentration of midden-like soil with obsidian flakes, flake tools, an obsidian biface fragment, a projectile point fragment, fire-fractured rock and possible hammerstones present.” The site is located approximately 913 feet north of the project area’s northern boundary in an area that could be utilized for placement of a utility pipe serving the project. This area is currently a leach field, and dense grass cover resulted in zero visible ground surface. This site was therefore not found during the field survey conducted for this project. Photographs 15 and 16 show the general site area and the dense grass cover.

During the course of the pedestrian survey, no new prehistoric or historic sites were discovered.

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SECTION 4: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 - Summary

In accordance with CEQA regulations, MBA assessed the effects of development for the project area. Results from the NWIC indicate that 11 previous investigations have been conducted within a 0.25- mile radius of the project area; four included the project area. Thirteen cultural resources have been recorded within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area: four prehistoric sites, eight historic resources, and one site that has both prehistoric and historic components.

The results of the NAHC record search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources; however, one request for a copy of this report was received from Mr. Salsedo of the Mishelwal Wappo tribe. On October 15, 2010, Mr. Vince Salsedo of the Mishelwal Wappo tribe requested a copy of the Cultural Resource Assessment Report and stated that he would be conducting an independent investigation of the project for Native American resources. On December 10, 2010, the Cultural Resource Assessment Report was put on an FTP site for Mr. Salsedo to review. On December 17, 2010, he responded that he felt there was a potential for discovery of Native American resources within the project area and requested a Native American monitor be present during ground disturbance. On December 20, Mr. Salsedo contacted MBA and stated that he had specific concerns about the area east of SR-29/128 and general concerns about the area west of SR-29/128. He requested monitoring for all ground disturbance in the area east of SR-29/128 and agreed to periodic monitoring in the main project area west of SR-29/128. In addition, in an email dated December 22, 2010, Mr. Salsedo stated that he reviewed the mitigation measures for the project and agreed that they were appropriate.

No new historic resources were discovered during the course of the pedestrian survey. Prehistoric resources (presumably associated with site P-28-001505) were discovered east of SR-29/128. Five previously recorded historic sites were identified and determined to be unchanged from when they were originally recorded.

4.2 - Recommendations

4.2.1 - Cultural Resource Recommendations Two prehistoric sites, P-28-001505 and P-28-000817, were previously recorded east of SR-29/128. During the course of the pedestrian survey, elements of prehistoric site P-28-001505 were found east of SR-29/128; the resources found included an obsidian projectile point and obsidian flakes. However, previously recorded prehistoric site P-28-000817 was not found during the survey because of very dense grass in the site area.

Michael Brandman Associates 22 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment Summary and Recommendations could impact one or both of the previously recorded sites. To ensure protection of potential prehistoric resources it is recommended that an archaeologist in conjunction with a Native American representative conduct construction monitoring for any ground disturbance within the areas of project impact east of SR-29/128.

4.3 - Inadvertent Discovery Procedures

4.3.1 - Accidental Discovery of Human Remains There is always the possibility that ground-disturbing activities may uncover previously unknown human remains. Should this occur, Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code applies, and the following procedures shall be followed.

In the event of an accidental discovery or recognition of any human remains, Public Resource Code (PRC) Section 5097.98 must be followed. In this instance, once project-related earthmoving begins and if there is accidental discovery or recognition of any human remains, the following steps shall be taken:

1. There shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent human remains until the County Coroner is contacted to determine if the remains are Native American and if an investigation of the cause of death is required. If the coroner determines the remains to be Native American, the coroner shall contact the NAHC within 24 hours, and the NAHC shall identify the person or persons it believes to be the “most likely descendant” of the deceased Native American. The most likely descendant may make recommendations to the landowner or the person responsible for the excavation work, for means of treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any associated grave goods as provided in PRC Section 5097.98, or

2. Where the following conditions occur, the landowner or his/her authorized representative shall rebury the Native American human remains and associated grave goods with

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appropriate dignity either in accordance with the recommendations of the most likely descendent or on the project area in a location not subject to further subsurface disturbance:

• The NAHC is unable to identify a most likely descendent or the most likely descendent failed to make a recommendation within 48 hours after being notified by the commission;

• The descendent identified fails to make a recommendation; or

• The landowner or his authorized representative rejects the recommendation of the descendent, and the mediation by the NAHC fails to provide measures acceptable to the landowner.

4.3.2 - Accidental Discovery of Cultural Resources It is always possible that ground-disturbing activities during construction may uncover previously unknown, buried cultural resources. In the event that buried cultural resources are discovered during construction, operations shall stop in the immediate vicinity of the find and a qualified archaeologist shall be consulted to determine whether the resource requires further study. The archaeologist shall make recommendations to the lead agency concerning appropriate measures that will be implemented to protect the resources, including but not limited to excavation and evaluation of the finds in accordance with Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines. Cultural resources could consist of, but are not limited to, stone, bone, wood, or shell artifacts or features, including hearths, structural remains, or historic dumpsites. Any previously undiscovered resources found during construction within the project area should be recorded on appropriate Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms and evaluated for significance in terms of CEQA criteria.

If the resources are determined to be unique historic resources as defined under Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines, mitigation measures shall be identified by the archaeologist and recommended to the lead agency. Appropriate mitigation measures for significant resources could include avoidance or capping; incorporation of the site in green space, parks, or open space; or data recovery excavations.

No further grading or construction activity shall occur in the area of the discovery until the lead agency approves the measures to protect these resources. Any archaeological artifacts recovered as a result of mitigation shall be curated at a qualified scientific institution approved by the lead agency, where they would be afforded long-term preservation to allow future scientific study.

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SECTION 5: REFERENCES

Author unknown, Sedler, Kathy, Transcriber. “A Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California.” Chicago: Lewis Publ. Co, 1891. As transcribed on the California Genealogy and History Archives website: http://www.calarchives4u.com/history/history-napa.htm. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Barrett, S. A. 1908. The Ethno-Geography of the Pomo and Neighboring Indians. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology Volume 6. Frederic Ward Putnam, Editor. The University Press, Berkeley, CA.

Beals, R.L. 1974. Indian Occupancy, Subsistence, and Land Use Patterns in California. In California Indians VI. David Agee Horr, ed. 9-264. New York. Garland Publishing, Inc.

Beardsley, R.K. 1954. Temporal and Areal Relationships in Central California Archaeology. Berkeley: University of California Archaeological Survey Reports 25.

Beardsley, R.K. 1948. “Cultural Sequences in Central California Archaeology.” American Antiquity 14:1-28.

Bennyhoff, J. 1950. Californian Fish Spears and Harpoons. University of California Anthropological Records 9(4):295-338.

California USGenWeb Project. 2007. Website: http://www.cagenweb.com/napa/2napa_hist.htm. Accessed June 20, 2007.

Calistoga Spas.com. 2010. Website: http://calistogaspas.com/resources/history.htm. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Calistoga, California Chamber of Commerce. 2010. Website: http://www.villageprofile.com/california/calistoga/01/topic.html. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Chartkoff J.L. and K.K. Chartkoff. 1984. The Archaeology of California. Menlo Park. Stanford University Press.

Cook, S.F. 1976. The Population of the California Indians 1769-1970. University of California Press. Berkeley, California.

Dickel, D.N., P. D. Schulz, and H.M. McHenry. 1984. “Central California: Prehistoric Subsistence Changes and Health.” In Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture, edited by Mark Nathan Cohen and George J. Armelagos, pp. 439–462. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL.

EDAW/AECOM. “Cultural Resources.” Upper Range Vineyards Project, Rodgers Property, Draft EIR. Prepared for the County of Napa, 2006. Accessed through the County of Napa website: http://countyofnapa.org/UpperRange/. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Frederickson, D.A. 1973. Early Cultures of the North Coast Ranges, California. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis.

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Gerow, B.A. 1974. “Comments on Fredrickson’s Cultural Diversity.” The Journal of California Anthropology 1(2):239-246.

Gerow, B.A. 1954. The Problem of Cultural Sequences in Central California Archaeology. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences.

Gerow, B.A., with R. Force. 1968. An Analysis of the University Village Complex with a Reappraisal of Central California Archaeology. Stanford University Press. Stanford., California.

Hughes, R.E. (editor). 1994. Toward a New Taxonomic Framework for Central California Archaeology: Essays by James A. Bennyhoff and David A. Fredrickson. Assembled and edited by Richard E. Hughes. Contributions of the University of California No. 52, Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, CA.

Johnson, J.J. 1976. Archaeological Investigations at the Blodgett Site (CA-SAC-267), Sloughhouse Locality, California. Report to the U.S. National Parks Service, Western Regional Office, Tucson, AZ.

Kroeber, A.L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Bulletin 78. Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution.

Kroeber, Alfred L. 1978. Handbook of the Indians of California, pp. 217-221. Dover Publications, New York.

Lillard, J.B. and W.K. Purves. 1936. “The Archaeology of the Deer Creek-Cosumnes Area, Sacramento Co., California.” Sacramento. Sacramento Junior College, Department of Anthropology Bulletin 1.

Lillard, J.B., R.F. Heizer, and F. Fenenga. 1939. An Introduction to the Archaeology of Central California. Sacramento Junior College, Department of Anthropology, Bulletin 2. Sacramento.

McLendon, Sally and Lowy, Michael J. 1978. Eastern Pomo and Southeastern Pomo. Handbook of North American Indians California Volume 8. Robert F. Heizer, Editor, pp. 306-323. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Moratto, M.J. 1984. California Archaeology. San Diego. Academic Press.

Napa Valley Vintners. 2010. Website: http://www.napavintners.com/about/ab_2_overview.aspx. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Page & Turnbull. City-Wide Historic Context Statement. Prepared for the City of Napa, Heritage Napa, 2009. Website: http://74.205.120.199 /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=656&Itemid=525. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Ragir, S.R. 1972. The Early Horizon in Central California Prehistory. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility 15. Berkeley, CA.

Michael Brandman Associates 26 H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment References

Rawls, J.J. and W. Bean. 1993. California: An Interpretive History. San Francisco: McGraw Hill.

Sawyer, Jesse O. 1978. Wappo. Handbook of North American Indians California Volume 8. Robert F. Heizer, Editor, pp. 256-263. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Schenck, W.E., and E.J. Dawson. 1929. “Archaeology of the Northern San Joaquin Valley.” American Archaeology and Ethnology 25:286-413.

Sharpsteen Museum of Calistoga History. 2010. Website: http://sharpsteen-museum.org /page_01.htm. Accessed September 29, 2010.

Shoup, L.H., and R.T. Milliken. 1999. Inigo of Rancho Posolmi: the Life and Times of a Mission Indian. Novato. Ballena Press.

Sullivan, Charles L. 1994. Napa Wine: A History from Mission Days to Present. The Wine Appreciation Guild. San Francisco, CA.

Warren, C.N. 1968. “Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the Southern California Coast.” Archaic Prehistory in the Western United States, C. Irwin-Will.

Waters, John L. 2008. Images of America: Calistoga. Arcadia Publishing, San Francisco, CA.

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Appendix A: Cultural Resources Correspondence

Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment

A-1: Native American Heritage Commission Sacred Lands File Search Response

Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc 09 / 02 / 2010 16:24 FAX 916 657 5390 NARC !4l 001 / 002

STAlE OF CAlfORNIA Aroold Schwo'Pm"P" OOV-COsu: NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION 915 CAPITOL. MALL. ROOM 364 SACRAMENTO, CA 8S814 (016) 853-4082 Fax (916) 857-53110 Web SIte www.nahe.ca.goy

September 2, 2010

Carrie D. Wills M.A., RPA MICHAEL BRANDMAN ASSOCIATES 2633 Camino Ramon San Ramon, CA 94583

Sent by Fax: 925-830-2715 Number of Pages: 2

Re: Proposed Enchanted Resorts Project PN 3808,0001; Napa County

Dear Ms. Wills:

A record search of the sacred land file has failed to Indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate project area. The absence of specific site information in the sacred lands file does not indicate the absence of cultural resources in any project area. Other sources of cultural resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites.

Enclosed is a list of Native Americans individuals/organizations whO may have knowledge of cultural resources in the project area. The Commission makes no recommendation or preference of a single individual, or group over another. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential adverse impact within the proposed project area. I suggest you contact all of those Indicated, if they cannot supply information, they might recommend others with specific knowledge. By contacting all those listed, your organization will be better able to respond to claims of failure to consult with the appropriate tribe or group. If a response has not been received within two weeks of notification, the Commission requests that you fOIlOW·Up with a telephone call to ensure that the project information has been received.

If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from any of these individuals or groups, please notify me. With your assistance we are able to assure that our lists contain current information. If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at (916) 653-4038.

Si~IY, _!. t7 . / K~e;V f('(),t;.. Program Analyst 141 002 / 002 09 / 02 / 2010 16:25 FAX 916 657 5390 NAHC Native American Contact List Napa County September 1. 2010

Ya-Ka-Ama 7465 Steve Olson Lane Porno Forestville . CA 95436 Coast Miwok [email protected] Wappo (707) 887-1 541

Mishewal-Wappo Tribe of Alexander Valley Scott Gabaldon, Chairperson PO Box 1794 Wappo Middletown • CA 95461 scottg@mishewalwappo. 707-494-9159

This list 16 current only as of the date of this document.

DistributIOn of this list CIOeIi net relieVe any person ot ~utory responsibility 811 defined In SecUon 7050.5 of the Health and safety Code, s.ctJon 5097.$4 of the Public Resources COde and SectIon 5097.98 of the Public Resources code.

This list Is only applicable for contacting IOCIII Native Americana with regard to cultural resources fOr the proposed Enchant8d Resorts PrOject PN 3808.0001: Napa Coumy. City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment

A-2: Native American Information Request Representative Letter

Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc

September 28, 2010

Ya-Ka-Ama Bakersfield 7465 Steve Olson Lane 661.334.2755 Forestville, CA 95436 Fresno 559.497.0310 Subject: Proposed Enchanted Resorts Project, Napa County Irvine 714.508.4100 Dear Ya-Ka-Ama: Palm Springs 760.322.8847 On behalf of the City of Calistoga, Michael Brandman Associates (MBA) is conducting a cultural resource investigation for an 88-acre site project that will include development of various types of vacation and Sacramento 916.383.0944 residential structures, southwest of the City of Calistoga. The site is located in Section 6 of Township 8 North, Range 6 West and Section 1 of Township 8 North, Range 7 West on the Calistoga USGS topographic San Bernardino map. The project location is depicted as Project Site on the attached topographic map. 909.884.2255

San Ramon The record search results from the Northwest Information Center in Rohnert Park indicated that two 925.830.2733 previous studies have been conducted within the project area and five conducted within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area. Two prehistoric lithic scatters have been recorded within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area and two historic resources (~79 depression/pits possibly related to mining and a small concrete cistern) are within the project area. The pedestrian field survey conducted by MBA’s Senior Project Archaeologist on September 8 and 21, 2010, resulted in relocation of the resources and recommendations for monitoring in the area of the lithic scatters were recommended if those areas are to be developed.

Consultation

The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires the City to consider the effect this project may have on historic properties. The definition of “historic properties” includes, in some cases, properties of traditional religious and cultural significance to Native American tribes. To determine whether any historic properties may be affected by the project, MBA has reviewed archival maps and historic documents and consulted with the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). The NAHC response letter indicated that there may be additional information to be gained from individual tribal members and/or tribal organizations. MBA is sending this letter to give you the opportunity to provide any additional knowledge you may have about the project area. Because public involvement is a key ingredient in successful CEQA consultation, we are soliciting your input as part of this process.

Please review this letter and the enclosed map and indicate whether you have any information concerning historic properties that may be affected by the proposed Project, as indicated below:

____ No, I am not aware of any Native American resources or sacred sites located within or near the Project Area.

____ Yes, I am aware of Native American resources or sacred sites located within or near the Project Area.

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES PLANNING NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT www.brandman.com Ya-Ka-Ama September 28, 2010 Page 2

Describe, if possible, the resources using additional sheets of paper, if required:

In addition, please indicate whether you would like a copy of the Final Cultural Resource Report sent to you for your review:

____ No, I do not need to have a copy of the report sent to me for review.

____ Yes, I would like a copy of the report sent to me for review.

MBA is contacting you to determine if you have any concerns regarding this project. Your response would be greatly appreciated. If we do not receive a response from you within 15 calendar days, we will assume that to your knowledge, the project area is not located within any Native American religious or sensitive sites.

Please feel free to contact me at 925.830.2733 if you have any questions. Address and mail your response or any correspondence to my attention at the address below or via email at [email protected]

Sincerely,

Carrie D. Wills, MA, RPA Senior Project Archaeologist

Michael Brandman Associates Bishop Ranch 3 2633 Camino Ramon, Suite 460 San Ramon, CA 94583 925. 830. 2733 FAX 925.830.2715

Enclosures: USGS Calistoga Topo Map of Project Area

H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\appendices\Appendix A Cultural Resource Correspondence\A-3 - NA Information Request Representative Letter and Response\Ya-Ka-Ama letter.doc City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment

Appendix B: Personnel Qualifications

Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc Michael Brandman Associates CORPORATE RESUME

Carrie D. Wills, RPA, M.A. Senior Project Archaeologist Overview 17 Years Experience Master’s degree, Anthropology – California State University, Hayward Bachelor’s degree, Anthropology – California State University, Hayward Registered Professional Archaeologist #11138

Carrie Wills, RPA, possesses 17 years of experience in the area of prehistoric and historic archaeology. Her expertise includes conducting pre-field assessments, archival research, pedestrian field surveys, site evaluation and testing, and data recovery and analysis. She has extensive experience preparing documents that comply with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and evaluating and assessing historic structures located on mining, ranching, and military facilities for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places and California Register of Historical Resources.

Related Experience Historical, Archaeological, and Paleontological Resources KB Home Monte Vista, Historic American Buildings Survey, City of San Jose. Served as project manager for the KB Home Monte Vista Project. Conducted Historic American Buildings Survey Level III documentation for a large multi-structure canning facility, Del Monte Plant #3, in San Jose. Tasks included producing over 200 large-format, black and white photographs of exterior and interior views of the existing structures. The MBA historic report augments the photographic documentation by placing the structures within the appropriate historic context and addressing both the architectural and historical aspects of the site’s significance. Specifically, the historical report focused on the Plant’s contribution to the growth of the canning industry in San José. The plant was also assessed for historic significance and was found to meet the criteria for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as a District along with two other local Del Monte canneries. MBA coordinated with state, federal, and city agencies, including but not limited to City of San Jose Department of Planning and the National Park Service HABS/Historic American Engineering Record coordinator.

Costco’s Warehouse Project, City of San Francisco. Served as project manager for Costco’s Warehouse Project. Surveyed, excavated, and monitored the proposed site, located in downtown San Francisco, for a new Costco store. Supervised lab procedures and analysis of over 1,400 artifacts.

Montezuma Wetlands Project, County of Solano. Served as project manager for Solano County’s Montezuma Wetlands Project. Provided technical direction of a 4,700-acre archaeological survey in Solano County, resulting in recording and subsurface testing of 12 sites. Co-authored the technical report that included extensive impacts and mitigation measures.

Lake Solano Regional Park Visitor’s Center Project, County of Solano. As project archaeologist, conducted a cultural resource investigation that included record search reviews and a pedestrian field survey. The record searches included records at the Northwest Information Center, Rohnert Park, and at the Native American Heritage Commission in Sacramento.

Off-road Vehicle Park, City of Bakersfield. As senior project archaeologist, conducted an intensive field survey of 2,500 acres outside the City of Bakersfield. The project area included rolling hills, large flat valleys, and steep ravines. The survey resulted in discovery of over 150 prehistoric resources including bedrock mortars,

Page 1 Michael Brandman Associates CORPORATE RESUME grinding slicks, and rock art. The resources were recorded and evaluated for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and the California Register of Historical Resources. Following the evaluation, a comprehensive report detailing the findings was produced.

Bel Lago Project, City of Moreno Valley. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a site-specific field assessment of the Kerr Ranch and recorded all extant buildings and structures on Department of Parks and Recreation forms; both Primary and Building, Structure and Object forms. Detailed descriptions and measurements were taken as part of the assessment process, and each building and structure was evaluated individually for listing to the California Register of Historical Places or local registers or landmarks.

Westlake Shopping Center, City of Daly City. As senior project archaeologist for this major refurbishing effort for a shopping center located in Daly City, assessed the shopping center for historic significance under CEQA Section 15064 by reviewing historic maps, photos, and record and archival search results obtained from the Northwest Information Center and the Daly City Planning Department. Scope included conducting a visual appraisal of the existing buildings, structures, and signage.

San Demas Project, City of Sacramento. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a record search and field investigation for a built environment covering one city block in downtown Sacramento. As this was a built environment, there was no native ground surface to be surveyed; the investigation consisted of comprehensive research to determine the possibility of historic structures.

Cabrillo Corners Commercial Project, City of Half Moon Bay. As cultural resources specialist, conducted a record search at the Northwest Information Center and a pedestrian field survey of the proposed project area that borders Pilarcitos Creek in Half Moon Bay to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources prior to project development.

Gustine Municipal Airport Project, County of Merced. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a record search and pedestrian field survey of a 45-acre parcel located in Merced County to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources prior to improvements to the Airport.

Scheiber/White Projects, County of El Dorado. As senior project archaeologist, conducted record searches and field investigations for a 226-acre parcel and a 286-acre parcel of undeveloped land with gentle to steep rolling hills and open valleys.

Protzel Project, County of El Dorado. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a record search and field investigation for a 35-acre parcel of land. The field survey resulted in discovery of a site that contained both prehistoric and historic components located adjacent to one another.

Miller Ranch Property, City of Lincoln. As senior project archaeologist for this 130-acre residential development, reviewed record search results from the North Central Information Center, Sacramento and conducted a pedestrian field survey. The record search results indicated no cultural resources had been previously recorded within a 0.25-mile radius of the project area nor were any discovered during the field survey. A negative survey report was prepared detailing the record search and survey results to meet CEQA requirements.

Fahren’s Creek Development Project, County of Merced. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a record search and field investigation on a parcel of undeveloped land, a portion of which was immediately adjacent to Fahren’s Creek.

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McBride R.V. and Self Storage Project, City of Chino. As senior project archaeologist, conducted a record search and pedestrian field survey of a 21.15-acre parcel of land to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources prior to project development. Prepared a negative survey report detailing the record search and survey results to meet CEQA requirements.

Brehm Communities, City of Chino. As senior project archaeologist for this 35-acre residential development, conducted a record search at the San Bernardino Archaeological Information Center and a modified field survey. Performed a visual assessment from various vantage points rather than a typical pedestrian survey and prepared a negative survey report detailing the record search and survey results to meet CEQA requirements.

Albers Barnes & Kohler LLP’s Palm Ranch Dairy Project, County of Kern. As senior project archaeologist, was responsible for CEQA compliance issues related to cultural resources on a 120-acre parcel. Conducted a Phase I survey to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources within the project area, resulting in the discovery of artifactual material on the ground surface. Conducted a Phase II testing program to determine the presence or absence of subsurface cultural resources, resulting in inconclusive findings. Provided mitigation measures to protect any previously undiscovered resources during project excavation activities.

Albers Barnes & Kohler LLP’s Bonanza Farm Dairy Project, County of Kern. As cultural resources specialist, conducted a record search and pedestrian field survey of two 200-acre parcels to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources prior to project development. Prepared a negative survey report detailing the record search and survey results to meet CEQA requirements.

Cypress Lakes Project, County of Contra Costa. As project manager, performed archival and records review, subsurface testing, and technical direction of an 850-acre archaeological survey that included two well-known and significant prehistoric burial mounds.

Mills Associates’ Tassajara Valley Project, County of Solano. As project manager, provided technical direction of a 2,500-acre archaeological survey that resulted in recording and subsurface testing of 14 historic and one prehistoric archaeological site. Analyzed artifacts and prepared technical reports.

Future Urban Areas, Mundie and Associates, County of Contra Costa. As field director, conducted a 4,500- acre archaeological survey that resulted in recording of 11 historic archaeological sites, including the previously unrecorded historic town sites of West Hartley, Empire, and Star Mine associated with the Mount Diablo coalfield developments of 1850-1885. Recorded features including foundations, privies, cisterns, basements, and dumps. Hundreds of surface artifacts were examined. Also directed artifact analysis and prepared technical reports.

Energy, Utilities & Pipelines Santa Cruz Water District’s Pipeline Project, County of Santa Cruz. Served as resource team leader for this project that proposed modifications to the current operation and maintenance of an existing pipeline through implementation of the Santa Cruz North Coast Pipeline Rehabilitation Project. Reviewed compliance issues related to cultural resources found along four major waterways in Santa Cruz County and prepared a CEQA Initial Study to determine environmental impact associated with project implementation. Also provided necessary details to aid in the decision-making process for the project’s next phase.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Relicensing Project, County of Kern. As resource team leader, reviewed cultural resources to meet the requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act in preparation of a new FERC license application. Directed the Section 106 review and

Page 3 Michael Brandman Associates CORPORATE RESUME prepared the preliminary draft of the license application, evaluated project impacts, and authored the Historic Properties Management Plan and a Programmatic Agreement.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Relicensing Project, Kilarc-Cow Creek. As resource team leader, provided NHPA Section 106 compliance review in preparation of a new FERC license application. Following the survey effort, prepared the preliminary draft of the license application, evaluated the project impacts, prepared a comprehensive report, and finalized the Historic Properties Management Plan and a Programmatic Agreement.

Calypso Project Environmental Impact Statement, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Served as resource team leader for Tractebel North America, Inc.’s Calypso Project Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for a new natural gas pipeline extending from the Exclusive Economic Zone in the Atlantic Ocean to Port Everglades. Conducted the NHPA Section 106 review of both offshore and onshore cultural resources and prepared the preliminary drafts of the third-party EIS for the jurisdictional portion of the pipeline.

Rock Creek Hydroelectric Project, Oregon. Served as project archaeologist for Oregon Trail Electric Consumer Cooperative’s Rock Creek Hydroelectric Project. Conducted a reconnaissance survey and evaluation of archaeological and historic resources to meet the requirements of NHPA Section 106.

Patriot Natural Gas Pipeline Project, Tennessee, Virginia, and North Carolina. Served as resource team leader for a project consisting of the Mainline Expansion and Patriot Extension three states. The Mainline Expansion involved improvement along East Tennessee Natural Gas Company’s existing pipeline in Tennessee and Virginia, including approximately 187 miles of new pipeline, replacement of old pipeline, additional compression at existing facilities, and five new compressor stations. The Patriot Extension involves approximately 100 miles of new pipeline in Virginia and North Carolina, including three new meter stations. Provided third-party review of cultural resources reports and prepared third-party EIS.

Northwest Transmission Line Project, Oregon and Washington. Served as project archaeologist for Wallula Generation, LLC’s Northwest Transmission Line Project. Conducted a 28-mile reconnaissance survey in Oregon and Washington along the Columbia River, evaluated and recorded archaeological sites, and completed appropriate forms for submittal to Washington

El Paso Energy’s and Broadwing Communications’ Fiber Optic Line, Texas and California. Served as resource team leader for a proposed fiber-optic transmission line reaching from El Paso, Texas, to Los Angeles, California. Prepared a Proponent’s Environmental Assessment demonstrating CEQA compliance that was submitted with an application to the California Public Utilities Commission.

Fiber Optic Project, Cities of San Jose, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Served as project manager for a Level Three Communications Fiber Optic Project. Conducted cultural resources studies and supervised construction monitoring to address CPUC mitigation measures during the “city build” portions of the project in San Jose, San Francisco, and the Los Angeles Basin. Prepared workbooks for each construction spread in each city to address potential cultural resources impacts and necessary mitigation required to preclude significant impacts.

Fiber Network Project, Northern and Southern California. Served as project manager for 360 Networks’ Fiber Network Project. Responsible for all aspects of project management for this linear project spanning the length of California, including coordination, budget, consultation, and compliance issues.

Santa Fe Pacific Pipeline, State of California. As field supervisor for Santa Fe Pacific Pipeline’s Concord-to- Colton Project, performed records search and intensive archaeological survey of a corridor stretching from

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Fresno, through Bakersfield and Mojave, to San Bernardino. Recorded and evaluated for eligibility for listing on National Register of Historic Places more than 150 historic properties.

CPUC Alturas Transmission Line Project, California and Nevada. As archaeological monitor, documented compliance with mandated mitigation measures during the construction of this high-voltage power line reaching from Alturas, California, to Reno, Nevada.

Environmental Impact Reports for General Plan Updates General Plan Update, County of Monterey. As senior project archaeologist, assisted in updating the General Plan with new policies including archaeological, historical, and paleontological resources. Tasks included a review of existing policies and suggestions for alternatives and updates relevant to current trends. Worked closely with Monterey County staff, agency personnel, and sub-consultants to ensure a high quality, timely Plan Update.

Trails Specific Plan Project, City of Livermore. As senior project archaeologist, conducted archival and record searches, including review of the 2000 North Livermore Specific Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report and the 2003 City of Livermore General Plan Update Master Environmental Assessment that specifically focuses on cultural resources within the proposed project area. Conducted a 235-acre pedestrian survey to determine the significance of previously recorded cultural resources and the presence or absence of previously unknown cultural resources, resulting in the recording of five historic resources using California Department of Parks and Recreation forms with context analysis and detailed maps. Prepared a comprehensive report including a detailed setting section with impacts and mitigation measures to ensure protection of significant cultural resources.

Educational Facility Environmental Analysis Delta View and Kit Carson Schools Project, Kings County Office of Education. As senior project archaeologist, conducted archaeological and historical resource assessment at two proposed telecommunication tower sites located at two school sites. Conducted a record search at the Southern San Joaquin Valley Information Center and pedestrian surveys at both schools to determine the presence or absence of cultural resources. Determined negative survey results, and prepared a report detailing the record search and survey results that was presented to the Kings County Office of Education.

Mine Reclamation Plans and Environmental Analysis Abandoned Mine Inventory Project, Washington Bureau of Land Management. As project manager, managed a five-person survey crew who conducted an intensive archaeological survey of 1,700 acres of difficult terrain and conditions in the City of Spokane. Recorded mining features and archaeological properties on appropriate State of Washington forms and prepared Determination of Eligibility forms for submittal to Washington’s State Historic Preservation Officer.

High Desert Power Plant Project, County of San Bernardino. As project manager, conducted an approximately 2,000-acre field inventory of block and linear project areas located near the City of Victorville. Recorded and evaluated more than 30 historic and prehistoric sites.

Military Projects Cultural Resources Overview Project, Concord Naval Weapons Station. As project manager, tasks included review of archival records and record search results for previously recorded sites within the Station. In addition, more than 500 World War II buildings and structures were evaluated for National Register of Historical Places eligibility and documented on appropriate Department of Parks and Recreation forms. An archaeological site

Page 5 Michael Brandman Associates CORPORATE RESUME prediction model was developed to determine the likelihood of the presence of cultural resources within specific areas of the Station. An extensive context document was prepared to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the Naval Weapons Station in terms of its historic presence within Contra Costa County and the City of Concord. Following assessment of the Station and its historic components, a Cultural Resource Overview Report for the 13,000-acre facility was developed.

NAVFAC Centerville Beach and Point Sur Projects, Humboldt and Monterey Counties. As project archaeologist, responsibilities included reviewing archival and site records prior to pedestrian field surveys at each of the locations. Following the surveys, documentation on Department of Parks and Recreation forms was prepared for each of the World War II buildings/structures located within the Station boundaries. Subsequent efforts included development and submittal of a historic context report and structural assessments of the buildings to determine National Register of Historic Places eligibility status. Prepared a preliminary Historic and Archeological Resource Protection Plan evaluating known archaeological site locations and preparing maps depicting areas of archaeological sensitivity.

Civil Engineering Laboratory Archaeological and Historic Resources Assessment Project, Port Hueneme. As project manager, scope included reviewing archival records and historic Port Hueneme documents at the base, reviewing previously recorded sites records from the South Central Coastal Information Center, CSU, Fullerton, and researching at Ventura Historical Society. Architectural documentation was prepared for nine World War II buildings on appropriate Department of Parks and Recreation forms and a single prehistoric site located within the base was assessed. A historic context report was developed and each of the buildings/structures was individually evaluated for National Register of Historic Places eligibility. Following assessment and documentation, an EIR/EIS technical report including a detailed historic setting, an overview of each of the types of buildings within the project area, an impacts assessment section, and appropriate mitigation for the impacts was prepared.

Navy Construction Battalion Center Historic and Archaeological Resources Protection Plan Project, Port Hueneme. As project manager, tasks included archival research of Battalion Center documents a record search review at the South Central Coastal Information Center, CSU, Fullerton, and a pedestrian field survey. Subsequent to the archival research, architectural documentation of 130 World War II buildings/structures was completed on appropriate Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) forms. The forms typically included DPR Primary forms for each building or structure although in some instances, e.g., for large non-descript warehouse structures, a representative building was documented and identical buildings were listed on the form as having identical attributes. In addition to the Primary forms, a Building, Structure, Object (BSO) form providing additional descriptive and evaluative information was completed when appropriate. Following the archival research for previously recorded cultural resource sites and the field survey, an archaeological site prediction model was developed for the Battalion Center. Following documentation, a historic context for the Battalion Center was prepared. In addition, each building was assessed for National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility and a Historic and Archaeological Resources Protection (HARP) Plan was prepared.

H Street Extension Project, Lockheed Missiles and Space Company Property. The project consisted of an extension of H Street within the western portion of the Lockheed Missiles and Space Company facilities. Archaeological efforts were part of mitigation for construction within a National Register listed prehistoric shell mound. As project archaeologist, the work included pre-construction site testing using various means including shovel and backhoe investigations, surface collection for the entire project area, and a Phase III data recovery program in coordination with the Most Likely Descendant (MLD). Disposition of human remains found within the site was decided upon an agreement with the MLD. A construction-monitoring program was conducted during initial grading activities at the site to ensure protection of previously unknown cultural resources and/or additional human remains.

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Naval Fuel Depot Point Molate Historic Resources Assessment Project, City of Rohnert Park. As project manager, conducted an archival records review at various repositories as well as a record search at the Northwest Information Center in Rohnert Park for previously recorded cultural resource sites. Conducted a field survey and general site reconnaissance of the project area. Subsequent to the archival research and survey, documentation of ten World War II buildings/structures was completed on appropriate Department of Parks and Recreation forms. The buildings and structures were evaluated for eligibility for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. In addition, one prehistoric archaeological site was assessed within the project area. A preliminary Historic and Archeological Resource Protection Plan was prepared evaluating known archaeological site locations with maps depicting areas of archaeological sensitivity. A historic context was prepared for the project area and a technical report detailing all of the research, field survey, building and structure evaluations, and the assessment of the prehistoric site was provided to the client.

Maya Caves Project, Punta Gorda, Belize, Central America. As excavation team member, worked two field seasons examining prehistoric cave deposits. Conducted surveys and excavations, analyzed and cataloged artifacts, and prepared technical report sections.

Professional Affiliations Society for Historical Archaeology Society for California Archaeology Register of Professional Archaeologists

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Appendix C: Regulatory Framework

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REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

Government agencies, including federal, state, and local agencies, have developed laws and regulations designed to protect significant cultural resources that may be affected by projects regulated, funded, or undertaken by the agency. Federal and state laws that govern the preservation of historic and archaeological resources of national, state, regional, and local significance include the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). In addition, laws specific to work conducted on federal lands includes the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA), the American Antiquities Act, and the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA).

The following federal or CEQA criteria were used to evaluate the significance of potential impacts on cultural resources for the proposed project. An impact would be considered significant if it would affect a resource eligible for listing to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), the California Register of Historical Resources (CR), or if it is identified as a unique archaeological resource.

FEDERAL-LEVEL EVALUATIONS

Federal agencies are required to consider the effects of their actions on historic properties and afford the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) a reasonable opportunity to comment on such undertakings under NHPA Section 106. Federal agencies are responsible for initiating NHPA Section 106 review and completing the steps in the process that are outlined in the regulations. They must determine if NHPA Section 106 applies to a given project and, if so, initiate review in consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) and/or Tribal Historic Preservation Officer (THPO). Federal agencies are also responsible for involving the public and other interested parties. Furthermore, Section 106 requires that any federal or federally assisted undertaking, or any undertaking requiring federal licensing or permitting, consider the effect of the action on historic properties listed in or eligible for the NRHP. Under the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 36 CFR Part 800.8, federal agencies are specifically encouraged to coordinate compliance with NEPA Section 106 and the NEPA process. The implementing regulations “Protection of Historic Properties” are found in 36 CFR Part 800. Resource eligibility for listing on the NRHP is detailed in 36 CFR Part 63 and the criteria for resource evaluation are found in 36 CFR Part 60.4 [a-d].

The NHPA established the NRHP as the official federal list for cultural resources that are considered important for their historical significance at the local, state, or national level. To be determined eligible for listing in the NRHP, properties must meet specific criteria for historic significance and possess certain levels of integrity of form, location, and setting. The criteria for listing on the NRHP are significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture as present in districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In addition, a resource must meet one or all of these eligibility criteria:

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A. Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history

B. Is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past

C. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction; represent the work of a master; possess high artistic values, represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction

D. That have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history

Criterion D is usually reserved for archaeological resources. Eligible properties must meet at least one of the criteria and exhibit integrity, measured by the degree to which the resource retains its historical properties and conveys its historical character.

Criteria Considerations Ordinarily cemeteries, birthplaces, graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, buildings that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years shall not be considered eligible for the NRHP. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories:

A. A religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance

B. A building or structure removed from its original location but which is primarily significant for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event

C. A birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no appropriate site or building associated with his or her productive life

D. A cemetery that derives its primary importance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events

E. A reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived

F. A property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own exceptional significance

G. A property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance

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THRESHOLDS OF SIGNIFICANCE

In consultation with the SHPO/THPO and other entities that attach religious and cultural significance to identified historic properties, the Agency shall apply the criteria of adverse effect to historic properties within the Area of Potential Effect (APE). The Agency official shall consider the views of consulting parties and the public when considering adverse effects.

Federal Criteria of Adverse Effects Under federal regulations, 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 800.5, an adverse effect is found when an undertaking alters, directly or indirectly, any of the characteristics of a historic property that qualifies the property for inclusion in the NRHP in a manner that diminishes the integrity of the property’s location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, or association. Consideration will be given to all qualifying characteristics of a historic property, including those that may have been identified subsequent to the original evaluation of the property’s eligibility for listing in the NRHP. Adverse effects may include reasonably foreseeable effects caused by the undertaking that may occur later in time, be farther removed in distance, or be cumulative.

Pursuant to 36 CFR Part 800.5, adverse effects on historic properties include but are not limited to those listed below:

• Physical destruction of or damage to all or part of the property

• Alteration of a property, including restoration, rehabilitation, repair, maintenance, stabilization, hazardous material remediation, and provision of handicapped access, that is not consistent with the U.S. Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties pursuant to 36 CFR Part 68 and applicable guidelines

• Removal of the property from its historic location

• Change of the character of the property’s use or of physical features within the property’s setting that contribute to its historic significance

• Introduction of visual, atmospheric, or audible elements that diminish the integrity of the property’s significant historic features

• Neglect of a property that causes its deterioration, except where such neglect and deterioration are recognized qualities of a property of religious and cultural significance to an Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian organization

• Transfer, lease, or sale of property out of federal ownership or control without adequate and legally enforceable restrictions or conditions to ensure long-term preservation of the property’s historic significance

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If Adverse Effects Are Found If adverse effects are found, the agency official shall continue consultation as stipulated at 36 CFR Part 800.6. The agency official shall consult with the SHPO/THPO and other consulting parties to develop alternatives to the undertaking that could avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to historic resources. Pursuant to 36 CFR Part 800.14(d), if adverse effects cannot be avoided then standard treatments established by the ACHP maybe used as a basis for Memorandum of Agreement (MOA).

Pursuant to 36 CFR Part 800.11(e) the filing of an approved MOA, and appropriate documentation as specified concludes the Section 106 process. The MOA must be signed by all consulting parties and approved by the ACHP prior to construction activities. If no adverse affects are found and the SHPO/THPO or the ACHP do not object within 30 days of receipt, the agencies responsibilities under Section 106 will be satisfied upon completion of report and documentation as stipulated in 36 CFR Part 800.11. The information must be made available for public review upon request, excluding information covered by confidentiality provisions.

STATE-LEVEL EVALUATION PROCESSES

An archaeological site may be considered a historical resource if it is significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military or cultural annals of California pursuant to Public Resources Code PRC Section 5020.1(j) or if it meets the criteria for listing on the CR pursuant to California Code of Regulations (CCR) at Title 14 CCR Section 4850.

The most recent amendments to the CEQA guidelines direct lead agencies to first evaluate an archeological site to determine if it meets the criteria for listing in the CR. If an archeological site is a historical resource, in that it is listed or eligible for listing in the CR, potential adverse impacts to it must be considered pursuant to PRC Sections 21084.1 and 21083.2(l). If an archeological site is considered not to be a historical resource, but meets the definition of a “unique archeological resource” as defined in PRC Section 21083.2, then it would be treated in accordance with the provisions of that section.

With reference to PRC Section 21083.2, each site found within a project area will be evaluated to determine if it is a unique archaeological resource. A unique archaeological resource is described as an archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets one or more of the following criteria:

1. Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public interest in that information

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2. Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type

3. Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or person

As used in this report, “non-unique archaeological resource” means an archaeological artifact, object, or site that does not meet the criteria for eligibility for listing on the CR, as noted in subdivision (g) of PRC Section 21083.2. A non-unique archaeological resource requires no further consideration, other than simple recording of its components and features. Isolated artifacts are typically considered non- unique archaeological resources. Historic structures that have had their superstructures demolished or removed can be considered historic archaeological sites and are evaluated following the processes used for prehistoric sites. Finally, OHP recognizes an age threshold of 45 years. Cultural resources built less than 45 years ago may qualify for consideration, but only under the most extraordinary circumstances.

Title 14, CCR, Chapter 3 Section 15064.5 is associated with determining the significance of impacts to archaeological and historical resources. Here, the term historical resource includes the following:

1. A resource listed in, or determined eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission, for listing in the CR (PRC Section 5024.1; Title 14 CCR, Section 4850, et seq.).

2. A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in PRC Section 5020.1(k) or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the PRC Section 5024.1(g) requirements, shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant.

3. Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript, which a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California may be considered a historical resource, provided the lead agency’s determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be historically significant if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (PRC Section 5024.1; Title 14 CCR Section 4852) including the following:

A. Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage

B. Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past

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C. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values

D. Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history

Typically, archaeological sites exhibiting significant features qualify for the CR under Criterion D because such features have information important to the prehistory of California. A lead agency may determine that a resource may be a historical resource as defined in PRC Sections 5020.1(j) or 5024.1 even if it is:

• Not listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the CR • Not included in a local register of historical resources pursuant to PRC Section 5020.1(k) • Identified in a historical resources survey pursuant to PRC Section 5024.1(g)

Threshold of Significance If a project will have a significant impact on a cultural resource, several steps must be taken to determine if the cultural resource is a “unique archaeological resource” under CEQA. If analysis and/or testing determine that the resource is a unique archaeological resource and therefore subject to mitigation prior to development, a threshold of significance should be developed. The threshold of significance is a point where the qualities of significance are defined and the resource is determined to be unique under CEQA. A significant impact is regarded as the physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of the resource will be reduced to a point that it no longer meets the significance criteria. Should analysis indicate that project development will destroy the unique elements of a resource; the impacts to the resource must be mitigated for under CEQA regulations. The preferred form of mitigation is to preserve the resource in-place, in an undisturbed state. However, as that is not always possible or feasible, appropriate mitigation measures may include, but are not limited to:

1. Planning construction to avoid the resource 2. Deeding conservation easements 3. Capping the site prior to construction

If a resource is determined to be a “non-unique archaeological resource,” no further consideration of the resource by the lead agency is necessary.

SB 18 TRIBAL CONSULTATION

The following serves as an overview of the procedures and timeframes for the Tribal Consultation process; for the complete Tribal Consultation Guidelines, please refer to the State of California Office of Planning and Research web site.

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Prior to the Amendment or adoption of General or Specific Plans, local governments must notify the appropriate tribes of the opportunity to conduct consultation for the purpose of preserving or mitigating impacts to cultural places located on land within the local government’s jurisdiction that is affected by the plan adoption or amendment. Tribal contacts for this list are maintained by the NAHC, and it is distinct from the Most Likely Descendent (MLD) list. It is suggested that local governments send written notice by certified mail with return receipt requested. The tribes have 90 days from the date they receive notification to request consultation. In addition, prior to adoption or amendment of a General or Specific Plan, local government must refer the proposed action to tribes on the NAHC list that have traditional lands located within the city or county’s jurisdiction. Notice must be sent regardless of prior consultation. The referral must allow a 45-day comment period.

In brief, notices from government to the tribes should include:

• A clear statement of purpose

• A description of the proposed General or Specific Plan, or amendment, the reason for the proposal, and the specific geographic areas affected

• Detailed maps to accompany the description

• Deadline date for the tribes to respond

• Government representative(s) contact information

• Contact information for project proponent/applicant, if applicable

The basic schedule for this process is:

• 30 days - time NAHC has to provide tribal contact information to the local government; this is recommended, not mandatory.

• 90 days - time tribe has to respond indicating whether or not they want to consult. Note: tribes can agree to a shorter timeframe. In addition, consultation does not begin until/unless requested by the tribe within 90 days of receiving notice of the opportunity to consult. The consultation period, if requested, is open-ended. The tribes and local governments can discuss issues for as long as necessary, or productive, and need not result in agreement.

• 45 days - time local government has to refer proposed action, such as adoption or amendment to General Plan or Specific Plan, to agencies, including the tribes. Referral required even if there has been prior consultation. This opens the 45-day comment period.

• 10 days - time local government has to provide tribes of notice of public hearing.

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Appendix D: Project Area Photographs

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City of Calistoga – Enchanted Resorts Project Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment

Appendix E: DPR Forms

Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\3808\38080001\CRA\38080001 Enchanted Resorts CRA.doc ~ . -. ------Statu of CalIfornia -- The Rasourcas A. gency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # P-28-0008J7 PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial Cl'.-NAP - ~14 NRHP.Status Coda Other Listings Review Code RevIewer Pag" 1 of 4 "Resource Name or #: Fox / DC- 97-11C P1. Other Identifier: ·P2. Location: IXI Not for Publication 0 Unrestricted "a. County: Napa anu (p2b and P2e or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) 1 (fanc;I,lo Cal- n e Hum d l\.~ ), . "b . USGS7.S'Quad: Calistoga, Calif. Date: 1993T8N ; R6W y. 0 y. 01 Soc , 8 ...;' c. Address: 5 42 City: Zip: d. UTM: Zone: 10; 37441 mEl 6 9516 mN e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., pare..1II, dirgctions to re source. glElvation . gtc.. as appropriatG) A pp rox im() t el yO, 4 5 mil l: e

The site cons,is.ts of.a den;e conc~r llio~ ~Ol i.d~n-::: lik e , soil with obsidia n flokes, fl0kl..~ tool s, an obSIdIan blface ragment, a proJectJie pOint fragment, flre·- fl-actul'ed I-ock a nd possible hammerstones present.

"P3b. Resourca Attributes: (Usl attributes and codgs) A P 3; A P 1 5 "P4. Rosources Present: OBullding OStructura OObject ~S i to ODistrict DElomcnt of District DOtllor (Isol:' t , '~' . ",:: ) .------=------, P 5b. 0 ascription of P 1101 0 : (Vi,,,", . PSa. Photo or Drawing (Photo requi(ed for build ings, Slluclures. and objects .) dale, acco:;sion :1)

·P6. Date ConstrucledlAge :H1C Sources : OHistoric ~ Pre historic DBolh

·P7. Ownor and Addross: City of Cali s toga 1232 Washington Avenu e Calistoga, California 94 515 ·PB. Rocorded by: (N::une . N ina II ic / alfiliation , andaddre ss ) David Chavez David Chavez £ A ssocia tes P. O. Box 52 Mill Vall ey , California 94942 ·P9. Date Recorded : Dec, 29 , 1997 "P10. Survey Typo: (D~sclib~1 Intensive surface ,-econ naissance

"P11. Report Citation: (CI19 survgy report and oihgr sources, or enler 'nong:)

"Cui tu ral Resou rces Investigations for the Cui i s toga Wastewater Trea tment Plant Expans ion Project, Napa County, California," October 1997.

"Attachments: ONONE 2SlLocation Map ~Sketch Map DContinuatior. Shoot OBuilding, Structure, and Object Recoro 6'llArchaeolog lcal Record DDlstrict Record DLinear Feature Record OMlliing Station Record DRock Art Record OArtifact Record OPhotograph Record 0 Other (Ust): DPR SZJA (11$5) 'Required In formation

--------. -- ~---.... ------_._------_.. - - State or California - Tho Rasourcos Agency Primary # l)-2~-OO()i) I '7 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREAliON Trinomial , • ,. " C!\-Nr\P- ') I ~ ARCHAEO LOGICAL SITE RECORD '-::---::;--:~------:-:~------:-:------' ------' - ' Page 20t 4 °Rasourco Name or II: Fox /DC-97-11C

'A1, Dimensions: 3_ Langth: 80m (e/w»)( b. Width: 35m (n/s) Method of Measurement: I!O Paced 0 Taped 0 Visual estimate 0 O!l\l)(: Method ot Detarmlnatlon (Ch ackany that apply.): ~ Artifacts 0 Fe atu ro::; ~ Soil Cl V'!~':\;!li';f1 C T..; ;:.>..;~:; :, ·.: : , o Cut bank 0 Animal burrow 0 Excavation 0 Property boundary 0 Otl1 l) l ( E : q ~ l ~ i i l\)

Reliability of Oatermination: 0 High mMedium 0 Low Explain :

limitations (Check any that apply): 0 Restricted access 0 PavedJbuilt ov er Q Sik li ll1l1:; 11l c;)Il~;JI') I O I}' c <: li,>;·.,: ~ Disturbances 0 Vegetation 0 Other (Explain):

A2 _ Depth: 0 None ~ Unknown Method 01 Determination: 'A3. Human Remains: 0 Present 0 Absent 0 Possible ~ Unknown (ExpI3in) : No su rfuce ev iuence; potent ia l for subsurface deposits.

'A4. Features (Numbe r, briafly describe. indicate sila. list associ:JIOd OJltural constituO(\I5, .J'HJ ch(j'N 'u.::;,h c!" 01" J ~ n 1,;,1

None observed

"AS. Cultural Constituents (Descrioo and quantity artifacts, acofOlcts, cultural residu es, Ut c.. nul a ~;:; Gc i"' l "d Wit'" Ill.1lu",;:; .).

Prehistoric cultural midden; unretouched obsidian flake s, t ool - like il,;!lls , an ob s idi~lIl bi -· face fragmen t , a projectile point fragment, fire-fractul-ed rock and pos s ible hanllnel-stones .

·A6. Were Spec!mans Collected? 121 No o Yes (It yes , art.:lch Arulact Rocord Of c.:lt.:llog ana kicnlirl '.v l\~,u ~p,'CH/1" n ~, ;'fl' ':""';' '' ' ' .) 'A7. Site Condition: 0 Good IiO Fair o Poor (l)(jsClibo dislurbanws.): Pa s t grading

'AB. Nearest Water (Typa, distanca, and directio(\.): Napa River . 25 meters to south 'A9. Elevation: 390 feet A 10. Environmental Setting (DGsCfibe culOJraJly (eIG"ant "illiablas such as .vegeta tjon, laun

' A12. Age: ail Prehistoric 0 Protohisloric 01542-1769 01769-1848 01848-1880 01880-\9\4 [11914 HH5 o Post 1945 0 Undetermined Describe position In reglon;)l prehistoric chronology or !" Ct1l31 hi 510ric dOlt es il know l1 ;

A 13 . Interpretations (Discuss data potential, function(sl. glhnic aHilia~on. and olilor int9rprll{;}UOns) : The possibility of subsurface cultural depos its is good, as is the data potential.

A14. Remarks: The north /northwest podion of Fox property was not surveyed due to standing, recla.imed water posted as "dangerous"; archaeological sensitiv ity of tha t a rea A15. References (Documents , informants, maps, and other reloro ncAl S): rema in s unknown.

See Pll A 16 . Photographs (US! SUbjects. dlfection of "iew, and accessi on numbafs or art.:lch a Pll0{oglaph Record.):

Original MediaINegatives Kept at: ' A17. FormPrapar adby: N ina l l ie / D avid C havez Date: 12/29/1997 Affiliation and Address: David Chavez & A s sociates, P, O. Box 52 Mil l Valley, California 94942 OP R 523C (1/95) ·R equired in forr-n :,i (i on

-- ._ ------_. - - lat9 of California - The Resources Agency Primary :I p- J ll - O() () lj 1 i DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

S_K_E_T_C_H_M_A_P______T_ri_no_m_ia_1 -,-C,-,-"I. =-NI= Cl.j\I-c ' -,---'LJ) 1...:0.:1______~ (Assigned by recorder) Page 3 of 4 "Resource Name or # Fo x I DC - 97 - 11 C 'Orawn 8y: N ina II ic 'O;) [e : 12 i '29 / 1 'l'l 7

50 ? I

NOTE: Include bar scala and north arrow. DPR 523K (1 /95) 'Required information State of CalifornIa - Tha Rosources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

L_O_C-:-~AT-:-I_O_N_M_A_P______--=,,-----:-:---=T_r_in_o_m_ia_1 . C(,_·NAP-9 14 Page40f 4 ·Rasourco Nameor#: Fox/DC-97-11C

'Map Nama: USGS Calistoga, Calif., 7.5 1 Quad, 'Scala: 1 : 24, 000

.\ . '. .,.

/ .f}.' ' ...... /: --,,; . .~ ......

I CO) 0 rCO) 2co) 30c,0 _000 5(X)O 60YJ IrxYJ fCEl F3 E' F3 --=---a , I. ""\} north I . ~ 0 I KILOM(T[R FF3 '------=s E3 Fa s-a ~- = ,

OPR 523J (1/95) "'R

"'P3a. De cription: (Describe reso urce ilnd its m aJ() r elements. Include d esign, mal'criills, condition, illtcrCltions, size, settillg, ,nd boundaries1

Site cl)nsists of a dense conccntratkll1 of midden-like soil with obsidiiln flakes, flake tools, em obsidJ<1 11 blface fr<1gmc nt, i1 prOjectile pO int fr, gment, fire-fr <1 ctured rock and possible hammerstvllcs present

Tlte 201 () sllrvey revcd ltod no arti fac ts or iea tures. -[ he g f :lSS co ver W il S extremely dense ilnd therefore there was no hrOLlI1d slIIface vislbll ity It IS lU [known wheth,'r Llr mIt thi s site is LUlCh, nged frorn Its 1997 condition. [ Iowevc' r, it Sl lOUl d he noted that the s ite is currently with in a Je

" P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attri butes and codes) A P.I; P1 5 · P4. Resources Present: DBuilding DStructure DObject C2] Slte DDistrict D Element of District DOther (Isolates. etc .) rp-5-a-.-P-h-o-t-o-o-r-D~~-w-i-n-g-(p-h--o~-~-q-u-ir-ed-~-r-b-u-ild-in-g-s-, -s-tru-c-t-ur-e-s-, a-n-d-o-b-~-C-~-.-) ------~ P5b. Descr i ~ion ofPh ~o ( V ~~ date, accession #) ·P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources : OHistoric XPreh istoric OBoth ·P7. Owner and Address: En chantp.J Rpsorts, In,:. (iN) K. Rush 5t , Chicago, lL 60611 Loud addn'ss: lln ~ 'Jyrllp St., Cc1iJ !:>t oga, CA

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliatio n, and address) Clrrie W il ls, \01. A , RPA -{icheal Bl'andlllan ASSOLi iitcs 2633 Camille' KlIll011, Ste. -1-60 San F ,Cl IlIUll., CA <)-I5RJ

*P9. Date Recorded: S(>ptl~J11ber 20U) ·P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Reconncl isSdPd' report an d other sources, or enter "none .")

'Attachments : C2]N ONE DLocation Map DSketch Map DContinuation Sheet DBuild ing, Structure, and Object Record DArchaeological Record DDistrict Reco rd O Llnear Feature Record OMll ling Station Record ORock Art Record O Artlfact Record DPhotograph Record 0 Other (List): DPR 523A (1 /95) 'Required infonnation California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary No . : PRIMARY aCORD HRI No. : P-28-001369 Trinomial: Page' 1 of 11 NRHP Status Code: Review Code: Reviewer: ______Date: ______Pl. Resource Name: Diamond Hill Estates - Cultural Pit Features P2. Location: [Xl Confidential [ I Unrestricted. a. County: Napa b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga, CA Date: 1997 c. Legal Description: T 8 N; R 7 \0/; NI, 1/4 of SE 1/4 of SE 1/4 of Section Base Meridian: Mount Diablo d . UTM Coordinates: Zone 10 536620 m Easting to 4268920 m Northing. 536780 m Easting to 4269020 m Northing.

e. Direct~ons: This site is located on the first ridge south of the City of Calistoga, and east of Kortum Canyon, and is situated between the Ndpa River and an unnamed .USGS stream adjacent to Diamond Mountain Road.

From Calistoga (intersection of Hwy 29 and 128" take Hwy 29/128 south towatd Napa. GO approximat:ely 0.4 miles and tUtH LighL, pi.uc.; ",ecliIlY UL(uugh d me~al gate . Dr ive the road 0.9 mile (up several switchbacks and up to the top of the ridge). The site is located between the seasonal road and the southern property fenceline in the western corner of the property. P3a . Description: Potential cultural modified depressions/pits are situated on a ridgeline saddle. Seventy-nine (79) distinctive pits and seventy-two (72) possible pits were observed. The distinctive pits are characterized by shallow (1-3 toot), circular (6-15 foot) depressions. The possible pits are characterized by shallow «1 foot), circular (3-6 foot) ground depressions. Minor excavation (2-4" depth) from the center of several of the distinctive pits revealed no midden soil, no surface artifacts, no lithic scatter, and no fire-cracked rock . Nearest water is approximately 750 feet downhill. Further investigation, including trenching, screening, and soil analysis concluded the pits do not appear associated with Wappo or other Native American groups, the pit features appear to have been excavated by pick and shovel, the pits are highly variable in shape and size, and they contain no historic or prehistoric artifacts. b. Resource Attributes: AP16:0ther RECEIVED P4. Resources Present: lBuilding [lStructure IIObject [XISite [lDistrict [lElernent of District [IOther PS. Photograph or Drawing: See Site Record and Photographic Record SEP 232005 P6. Age: [JPrehistoric [Xl Historic I lMulticomponent . COAST AREA OfFICE RESOURCe MANAGEMENT P7 . Landowner and Address: Enchanted Re·sorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611 Phone: (312) 640-7000 Local Address: 1019 Myrtle Street, Calistoga, CA 94515 Local E.'hone: (707) 912-4700 P8. Recorded By: Hi tchell Haydon Environmental Resource Solutions, Inc. 2300 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 566-7510 P9. Date Recorded: July 28, 2005 Form Prepared: August 19, 2005 Revised Sept. 21, 2005

PlO. Survey Type: Intensive survey for CDF Timber Harvesting Plan.

Pll. Report Cita~on: Haydon, Mitchell, An Archaeological Survey Report for the Diamond Hill Estates Timber Harvesting Plan, Napa County, California, 1-0S-183-NAPA .

Roop, William, An Evaluation of a Potentially Cultural Pit Feature Within the Diamond Hill Estates Project Area, Calistoga, Napa County, California,' August 10, 2005.

Parsons, Jeff, A., Investigation of Hilltop Depression or Pit Features Near Calistoga, August 1, 2005. Pl2. Attachments: [lNone [X1Location Map [XjSite Map [IContinuation Sheet [ jBuilding, Structure, Object Record (X1Archaeological Record [ jDistrict Record [ILinear Feature Record [IMilling Station Record [ jRock Art Record ()Artifact Record [Xl Photographic Record [XjOther Pit list/scattergram APN map 11-31 /tJ C;c;-_S·-~ J.-ISl1 California Department of Forestry a nd Fire Protection

Pnmary No . 1'-28-001369 LOCATION MAP Tr~n o m~al: Re sourc e Name : Diamond Hill [ s ta>:' ;; Cultural Pi t reatu! ~s Page 2 of i( USGS 7.5' Quad: Cali s t o ga . CA Date: 1997 R E CEIVED S c ale: 1:2 '1.000 . SEP 23 20Q5

, () 5' {, California Depa=tment of Forestry and Fire Protection

Pnmary No.: P-28-001369 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Tr~nom~al : Resource Name: Diamond Hill ES~ o t 8s Cultural Pit f eaLvi.eS

Page 3' of i \

AI. Dimensions: Length 1 8 3 (meters) X Width 61 (meters)

Method of Measurement: [ ] Paced (X]Taped [ ]£stimate [ ]Other

Site measurements were taped for the datum. Datum used was a surveyed property corner identified with ¥," iron rebar. Datum is located in the ~estern corne r of the.Enchanted Resorts, Inc. ownership, and is further oefined in a preliminary report by the Napa Land Title Company, dated August 6, 2003, for APN 011-310-029. A APN map is included as an attachment.

For the site survey, a baseline distance originating at the datum and proceeding 114 degrees was established. A perpendicular distance (off or the baseline) at 24 degrees was used. Both measurements were used to locate the pits. The baseline distanc e was not corrected for slope, and was measured along the ground surface. Slope along the baseline varied, generally not exceeding 15%. Magnetic declination was set at 16 degrees.

Method of Determination: [ ] Artifacts [X] Features [] Vegetation [jSoil eX] Topography ] Excavation [X]Property Boundary [lOther

The site bo~ndary appears to extend approximately 30 meters northwest of the THP/ownership boundary. An existing fence along the southern property boundary (baseline) forms the southern extent of the site. The site gene~ally encompasses the ground slopes < 20% within the ridgeline saddle .

Reliability of Determination: ]High [X] t-Iodera t e [ ] Low

Limitations: [X]Restricted access []Site limits incompletely defined [XjBuilt or p2ved over [X]Vegetation [Xl Disturbances []Other

On the south side of the fenceline is private property and is highly disturbed. Disturbances include a paved single lane road, terraced vineyards, modern living structures and associated facilities.

A2. Depth: [ ] None [X] Unknown. Method of Determination: Hinor surface excavation to no more than 4" depth occurred on many pits to dete~ine presence/absence of midden soil and associated artifacts. Additional trenching and screening of three pits was completed and no artifacts were discovered. See attached archaeology reports.

A3 . Human Remains: [ ] Present [XJAbsent [ ] Possible [ ] Unknown

A4. Features: Seventy-nine (79) distinctive pits and seventy-two (72) possible pits were measured and shown on the site map, for a total of 151 pits. The disti~ctive pits are characterized by shallow (1-3 foot), circular (6-15 foot) depressions. The possible pits are characterized by shallow «1 foot), circular (3-6 foot) ground depressions which are generally adjacent/associated with the distinctive pits. Of the distinctive pits, four (4) are between 1 2 -15 feet diameter and 2-J foot deep; fifteen (15) are between 9-10 feet diam~ter and 1-2 feet deep; with the remaining ranging from 3-8 feet diameter and generally ~l foot deep .

AS. Cultural Constituents: Please see List of pits included as an attachment t o this site record. A6. Collections: [X] No [ ] Yes RECEIVED A7. Site Condi tion : [X] Good [ ] Fair [ 1 Poor SEP 232005

f 057 COAST AREA OFFICE P-28-001369

AS. Nearest Water: A permanent spring is located approximately 750-1,000 t(:·,, :.. dO'rln slope to the north ,toward the Nara Rivec). This spo.ng currently charges a small reservoir that was created by cons tructing an earthen dam in a Class III topographical swale.

The Napa River is located approximately 2,000+ feet to the north of lh~ site. An unnamed USGS watercourse adjacent to Diamond Mountain Road is locat ee approximately 1,000 feet to the south o f the site. No other water sources were observed on the ridge area or within the subject property.

A9. Elevation: 760 to 800 feet above mean sea level.

A10. Environment: This site is loca ted in a shallow ridgeline saddle on the first ridge south of Calistoga, CA., and the Napa River. The site is .characterized by a Douglas-fir forest with a hardwood understory. The re ·are highly decompo sed .co nifer stumps scattered throughout the site, and early logging is thought to have occurred in the 1930-1940's to convert th~ ridgetop area to grazing. The Douglas-fir has reoccupied the site and most trees range from 6 to 20 inches in diameter, and a few range to 36~ DBH.

All. Historical Information: A fire access road from the valley floor, originating in Calistoga, CA, to the ridgetop site was constructed in approximately 1870 and travels immediately adjacent to the site. It is possible that this road may have destroyed a portion of the site, however the road is located on slightly steeper slopes which were found to be less conducive to the cultural pit feature evidence. There is evidence of a historic/modern skid trail the bisects the pit feature site. Several of the pits indicate recent heavy equipment damage, and an unknown number have potentially been perma nently destroyed.

A1.2. Age: ' [JPrehistoric [1Protohistoric [J1542-1 769 []1769-1848 (]1848-1880 ]1880-1914 []1914-1945 [1 Pos t 1945 [XJ Undetermined

A13. Interpretation: This site is has been interpreted by Archaeological Resource Serv ice as a historic era site with the, " ...pit features are prospects associated with an abortive mining operation.

A1.4. Remarks: With three pits being trench excavated and some soil sifting, the site was found to be absent of midden soil, lithic scatter, fire-cracked rock, or any other artifacts from habitation.

This site is located within the boundaries of an approved subdivision by the City of Calistoga, CA. Two building envelopes and associated driveways are planned to occupy the site. The main subdivision road encompasses the existing seasonal fire access road, however will require widening and upgrading to standards beyond what is required in the Forest Practic e Rules. Considering the landowner's current objectives and intent, the site is unavoidable.

A1S. References: Chuck Wa tford, CDF Archaeologist, 7/1 3/05 John Williams, RPF#1677, Environmental Resource Solutions, Inc. Aaron Harkin, Project Manager, Enchanted Resorts, Inc. William Roop, Archaeologica l Resource Service Jeff Parsons, Geo-archaeo logy

A16. Photpgraphs: See Photographic Record

A17. Form Prepared By: Mitchell Haydon, RPFli28l0 Date: 8/19 / 2005

Affil~ation and Address: Environmenta l Resource Solutions, Inc. 2300 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 566-7510 RECEIVE O SEP 2 3 ~5 to :; 8' California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

Primary N0'P_28_ SITE MAP Trinomial: 001369 Resource Name: Diamond Hill Estales Cultural Pit fedtur03 Page 5 of It

Drawn By: Mitchell Haydon Date: July 17, 2005

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Diamond Hill Estates Cultural Pit Features Scattergram , '

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~ <...c. <" -.....l 200 - 710 -'->" "0 1 1<1> -'-- ~1. • a 'l~ 'I~. -ft. V) ~ 150· 10 ° 'r° i g ,. 13 g d' 0"1 c: (} 9'1 ra 0",8 • l'O 'J J!1 .~ ~r • i S1 1~ 1009. It,° • Cl ." o ° 0 {S {I ° 11" IU L.. ra ~l II. 0 on ,,(- '" .ISI 7 • 071 • I~ 2~0 0 ' .~ 100 ·•.;0 i5 r~. j '~1 B 1-0 • • -a 1 ~0 lit ,~,~ l\ \l 1.' . ~~. • '. c: •• ~' '0 0' °f'{ QJ .,n • ILq I'll ",1" .'!' a. '6 a , ° ... 0,,,. L.. t> oI~ ~1. .l~ qb e8 QJ I. Cl. ° .Ii • ~c... '.'n.I" J~ UI •• 110 I~ !.!~ uCJl' 0 If> Ib ~'.\I "i. ll' '••" I~< 50 , " .,r, .,B ~1_ "1 , , ' .~, 8.!. .. J7 '(j ,11 ,f. ad t , !I • .0" o 0 0 I t, ° I. Ill,., (}2 ;..0' ~ • Itt ~o , ' • It "" '" '. OO.J 1< ~J. II"" • o .'1' ~ , ~ •• . It. 0.J'f ,.•. II' ~" .n • '?r .' oJ) "" ":i o I " I 1'-.1 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 00 I Baseline Distance· Bearing N 66° W 0 ...... 0 • Definite Pit ") w JJ (J"\ ) U') o Possible Pit t> rTJ ~ I> In ~ .y 0 0, ,-.." tJ...:) m I">J C) C) < U1 [Ii 0 P-28-001R~ C E I VEe Diamond Hill Estates SEP 2 3 2005 list of Pits COAS1 ARE..:. ()ff'IC[ Baseline Perpendicular i:~~ S OtJRCE: t"',i\I' 1/.. G~ ~ ; , ..1r-~ r: Pit Definite Distance Distance Width Depth Number Possible Feet Feet Feet Feet Comment 11 P 0 0 4 <1 87 fe et @ 324 deg, - OFF PROPERT'( _. J p 2 0 0 3 <1 70 feet @ 320 deg. - OFF PROPERT~._ I p 5 33 4 <1 f-_ . 31 _.. __ . J 4 0 66 25 4 <1 -_._- --i 5 D 73 31 4 <1 I 6 D 95 23 6 1.5 I 71 D 92 31 9 2 t 8 P 83 42 3 <1 - I 9 D 95 48 8 1 --- '- -.j 10 .. D 66 138 5 1 11 0 W8 48 10 2.5 NEAR TREE 862, __ 12 1 P 150 23 4 <1 EXCAVATEO~ ~4 13 P 155 27 3 <1 14 D 159 34 71 1 .5 15 D 142 39 7 1 l 16 D 142 49 6 1 - I 17 P 136 57 4 <1 18 D 154 63 7 1 EDGE OF EQUIP DISTURBANCE 19 P 154 73 4 <1 EQUIP DISTURBANCE 20 P 133 64 4 <1 EDGE OF EQUIP DISTURBANCE 21 D 142 79 6 1 EQUIP DISTURBANCE 22 0 131 82 5 11 EDGE OF EQUIP DISTURBANCE 23 0 119 82 6 1.5 AT TREE 869 24 0 114 82 5 1 EDGE OF EQUIP DISTURBANCE 25 P 117 100 4 <1 26 / P 117 105 4 <1 27/ P 94 131 4 <1 28 P 97 137 1 4 <1 :=J 29 P 147 155 5 1 BELOW TREE 841 30 P 164 105 3 <1 31 P 171 40 4 <1 32 P 178 30 4 <1 33 P 198 3 3 <1 34 P 200 19 3 <1 35 P 204 32 4 1 36 P 197 35 4 <1 37 D 195 40 5 1 38 0 195 48 9 2 39 P 192 82 3 <1 r-' 40 P 196 99 3 <1 41 P 197 123 3 <1 r----- I 42 0 208 127 6 <1 43 P 214 120 4 L- <1 44 D 222 125 7 1.5 45 P 223 150 4 <1 46 0 204 155 6 1 47 D 204 171 5 1 48 0 210 176 6 1 49 0 215 32 51 1 -- 1 50 0 225 22 8 2 51 0 225 45 7 2 {06 "2 P-28-001369 RECE ~Vt-=: D SEP 23 2005

Pit Definite Distance Distance Width Depth COAST AREA 0fTIC t RESOURCE MA.:'I!\GE~H_ 'I' Number Possible Feet Feet Feet Feet Comment 52 D 225] 66j 101 2.5] EXCAVATED I 53 D 207 1 70 61 1.5 -- --- --l 54 D 232 74 5 1 -- - ___ J 55 P 230 82 3 <1 I 56 D 230 100 5 1 ------1 -- 57 p 240 123 4 <1 ------1 58 D 250 1 116 4 1 ------_._j 591 0 240 110 4 -:;r ._J 60 D 250 18 3 <1 - ______.-J 61 0 263 20 7 1.5 I 62 D 257 40 9 2 'j 63 D 252 531 9 2 AT TREE 7139 i 64 248 53 6 -~ 0 1 - 651. . D 247 61 71 1 661 P 275 60 31 <1 671 P 275 99 5 <1 68 0 260 991 6 <11 69 p 265 116 4 <1 70 P 275 182 7 1 AT TREE 7156 71 P 275 198 6 <1 - 72 ] 0 275 155] 7 11 73 P 265 165, 3 <11 -~ 741 p 258 146 3 <1 75 0 300 151 6 1 76 P 291 124 4 <1 77 P 297 115 41 <1 78 pi 297 108 4 <1 , 79 D 2801 98 5 1 80] D 280 73 10 2 AT TREE 753 81 D 278 40 101 2 821 0 295 15 9 21 AT TREE 746 83] D 290 55 81 1.5 84 P 295 60 4 <1 85 D 318 30 9 1.5 86 0 348 25 9 2.5 87 D 335 42 7 1 88 P 320 55 6 <1 89 P 335 64 5 <11 90 D 346 64 5 1 91 D 354 60 8 1.5 92 P 350 72 5 1 93 P 312 70 4 <1 94 P 315 90 4 <1 951 P 340 951 4 <1 96 P 340 100 4 <1 AT TREE 100 97 P 320 100 4 1 <1 98 PI 315 151 7 <1 99 D 335 155 7' 1 1001 DI 343 170 71 1.5 101 P 348 138 3 <1

102 1 P 343 128 3 <1 103 P 3351 128 3 <1 104 P 356 40 3 <1 I 1051 P 363 36 4 <1 106 P 375 36 4 <1 r063 P-28- 001 369

Pit Definite Distance Distance Width Depth Number Possible Feet Feet Feet Feet Comment 107 D 372 49 2 ATTREE711 r . 8 1 _._ .J 108 p 275 64 41 11 1- ...... J 109' 0 2771 62 8 1.5 - .-_ .J 110 P 285 43 4 <1 AT TREE 684 111 0 288 83 8 1.5 .- ____ J 112 0 358 87 7 1 113 p 356 1421 4 <1 1 _..-··1 - 114 P 370 142 3 <1 ._..__ .) 115 P 370 132 3 <1 116 P 380 140 3 <1 - ' ' .~J 117 D 386 124 15 2 ...~ - 118 0 396 62 7 1 -'- - 119 P 417 31 6 <1 120 -. 0 415 17 8 1 -- 121 P 407 56 7 <1 122 0 394 75 7 1 123 P 403 73 5 <1 124 D 400 94 8 1.5 1251 D 415 107 12 2.5 126 0 425 7 114 1.5 ._ 127 0 432 114 7 1 128 P 435 96 6 <1 129 P 427 771 4 <1 DISTURBED 130 D 426 61 12 2.5 NEAR TREE 673, EXCAVATED 131 D 435 57 5 1 132 0 455 38 9 1.5 AT TREE 649 133 0 465 45 9 1.5 _. 134 P 472 22 5 <1 135 P 480 16 6 <1 136 P 475 29 1 6 <1 I 137 D 490 26 7 1 1 138 P 505 \ 39 4 <1 139 0 488 62 6 1 140 01 496 64 7 1 141 D 466 72 5 1 142 0 458 72 9 1 143 D 455 96 4 1 DISTURBED 144 D 480 75 7 1 145 P 493 75 4 <1 146 0 500 81 9 1.5 147 P 460 144 6 <1 148 P 462 133 5 <1 1491 0 473 106 8 1 150 0 483 104 5 1 151 D 498 113 15 2.5

Summary Number of Definite Pits 79 ~umber of Possible Pits 72 Largest Width 15 Largest Depth .. 2.5 RECEIV E D SEP 232005

COAS T AREA OFFICI:. RE:SOURCE MANAGEMENT Califo ~ nia Depa ~ ~ment sf ~or 0 ~ tr v and FLce Prote=ticn Primary No . P-28-001369 PHOTOCRJ>..?H Ie P-E '::OPJ) TrLnofnl .::l:

. .:! I . l .~ :, •":' ... Page i! of I \

Camera : __. J_-~~_ ~ _____.~_-_' . _ "': :..i.:....:.... ." ~ ... t:..lcr.:

Description: Loc~~ns at oi~ i l L

P 232005 G ~ t S 2 /0 6:; State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary # P-28-001369 (Update) DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page of *Resource Name or #: Diamond Hill Estates – Cultural Pit Features

e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation: This site is located on the first ridge south of the City of Calistoga and east of Kortum Canyon, and is situated between the Napa River and an unnamed USGS stream adjacent to Diamond Mountain Road.

From Calistoga (intersection of Highway 29 and 128), take Hwy 29/128 south toward Napa. Go approximately 0.4 miles and turn right, proceeding through a metal gate. Drive the road 0.9 mile (up several switchbacks and up to the top of the ridge). The site is located between the seasonal road and the southern property fenceline in the western corner of the property.

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries)

This resource was originally recorded in 2005. The resource consists of seventy‐nine distinctive, potential cultural pits and seventy‐two possible pits. Trenching in 2005 found no historic or prehistoric artifacts and led to the conclusion that the pits likely were associated with a historic mining operation. A site visit in 2010 revealed that the site remains relatively unchanged from its 2005 condition.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AP: 16, other *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: (View, P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.) date, accession #)

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both

*P7. Owner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush St., Chicago, IL 60611 Local address: 1019 Myrtle St., Calistoga, CA

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Carrie Wills, M.A., RPA Micheal Brandman Associates 2633 Camino Ramon, Ste. 460 San Ramon, CA 94583

*P9. Date Recorded: September 2010 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Reconnaissance

*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information C~lifornia Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary No . : P-28-001370 PRIMARY RECORD HRI No. : Trinomial: Page 1 of 2 NRHP Status Code :

Review Code: ______Reviewer: ------Date: - - -- Pl. Resource Name: Roland DeGuarda - Fire Access Road

P2 . Location: [X l Confidential [ J Unrestricted.

a. County: Napa

b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga Date: 1997

c ..Legal Description: T.B N ; R 7 W NE 1/4 of SE 1/ 4 of Section 1

Base Meridian: Mount Diablo

d. UTM Coordinates: Zone 10 536800 m Easting 4269440 m Northing 536800 m Easting 42 69000 m Northing

e. Directions: from Calistoga (intersection of Hwy 29 and 128), take Hwy 29/128 so,,;:.h toward Napa. Go approximc.tely 0.4 miles and turn right, proceeding through a m~::'aj gate. Drive the road 0.9 mile (up several switchbacks and up to the top of the ridge). The road is located at the western end of the Enchanted Resorts, Inc. property.

P3a. Description: A seasonal road from the City o f Calistoga/valley floor t o the ridgetop was constructed in approximately 1870 for fire suppression access. Due to the scale of the 1915 ACOE Calistoga 15' topographic map, it is uncertain if this road is the same road as shown on the 1915 ACOE map . The road has been maintained by Roland DeGuarda, who owns the lower (noo ridgetop) portion of the road.

b. Resource Attributes: AH7: Roads/trails/railroad g rades

P4. Resources Present: [}Building [X1Structure [ J Objec t [ J Si te [ JDistrict [l Element of District [] Other RECEIVED

P5. Photograph or Draw~g: None SEP 23 2005 P6. Age: [ 1Prehistoric [XjHistoric [ ]Multicomponent. COAST ARCA OFF:CE P7. Landowner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc . R"SOURCE MAUAGEM EN1 660 N. Rush Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611 Phone: (312) 640-7000 Local Address : 1019 Myrtle Street, Callstoga, CA 94 SlS Local Phone: (707) 9f.2-4700

PB. Recorded By: Mitchell Haydon Environmental Resource Solutions, Inc. 2300 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 566-7510

P9. Date Recorded: 7/14/05 Form Prepared: 7/15/05 Revised 9 /21 /0 5

PIO. Survey Type: Reconnaissance survey for CDF Timb~r Harvesting Plan.

PII. Report Citation: Haydon, Mitchell, An Archaeological Survey Report f or the Diamond Hill Estates Timber Harvesting Plan, Napa County, California, 1-05-183-NAPA.

P12. Attachments: [lNone [X)Location Map []Site Map [jContinuation Sheet [ lBui1ding, Structure, Ob4ec t Record [jArchaeological Record [ ]District Record ]Lin~ar Feature Record [lMilling Sta tio n Record [ lRock Art Record lArtifact Record []Photographic Record [l Other /011

-----_._-_._------ .------~ ' Ca lifornia Department of Forestry and Fi~e Protect ion

Primary No. : P- 2 8-0 . LOCATION MAP TrinolI! ial : 0 1 3 70 Resource Nam e ~ol2 n d D 2 GU dC C~ -: i r~ p.. CC f2 S~ F. :, .;! .::! Page 2 of 2

USGS 7.5' Quad : C3 1i5tog~, CA Date: 1S:';7 H F C F.:.·S"j E D

Scale: 1:24,080 (.~' E-'"- I'- :,..: 200IJ1=:

: ~G t.; _~· l AR [:A .H:I k .i. N i o ~. S('Uf.::':-;F "ll. A.~ j r:< l~ r.. ~;;. :!;

: State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary # P-28-001370 (Update) DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page of *Resource Name or #: Roland DeGuarda – Fire Access Road

e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation: From Calistoga (intersection of Highway 29 and 128), take Hwy 29/128 south toward Napa. Go approximately 0.4 miles and turn right, proceeding through a metal gate. Drive the road 0.9 mile (up several switchbacks and up to the top of the ridge). The site is located at the western end of the Enchanted Resorts, Inc. property.

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries)

This resource was originally recorded in 2005. The resource consists of a seasonal fire road from the valley floor to the ridgetop. A site visit in 2010 revealed that the site remains relatively unchanged from its 2005 condition.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AH7: Roads/trails/railroad grades *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: (View, P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.) date, accession #)

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both

*P7. Owner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush St., Chicago, IL 60611 Local address: 1019 Myrtle St., Calistoga, CA

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Carrie Wills, M.A., RPA Micheal Brandman Associates 2633 Camino Ramon, Ste. 460 San Ramon, CA 94583

*P9. Date Recorded: September 2010 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Reconnaissance

*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

Primary No. :P-28-001371 ·PRIMARY RECORD HRI No.: Trinomial: Page 1 of 3 NRHP Status Code:

Review Code: ______Reviewer: ------Date:

Pl. Resource Name: Diamond Hill Estates Adits and Cistern

P2. Location: (Xl Confidential [ 1 Unrestricted.

a. County: Napa

b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga Date: 199·;

c. Legal Description: T 8 N ; R 1 W NE 1/4 of Ni·) 1/4 of SvJ 1/4 of Sect.j.:·!~ 6 Base Meridian: Mount Diablo

d. UTM Coordinates: Zone 10 Adit-l: 537250 m East ing 4269260 m Nor:: )"-"9 Adit-2 : 537190 m Easting 4269250 m Northlng Cistern: 537230 m Ea st ing 4269260 m Northing.

e. Directions: From the intersection of Highway 29 and 128 in Calistoga, CA, go south on Highway 29/128 approximately 0.4 mile. Turn right into metal gate. Drive up the access road to jus t above the first switchback. Ad it-l is located in a small unstable area just above the first switchbacK. AdLc- 2 is located adjacent to the Class III watercourse west of the second switchback. The Cistern is located adjacent to the access road in-between the firs t switchback.

P3a. Description: Adit-l appears to have been unsupported, and the entrance is mostly collapsed with remains of an opening approximately 2 feet hiC;h, within an approximate 4 foot deep and wide circle/pit. Soil and rock tailings were observed below the entrance. This adit is located within the approved permanent road right-of-way, and the Geotechnical Report prescribed the adit to be excavated, filled, compacted, capped, and a ~ew road constructed over it.

Adit-2 was observed adjacent to a Class 3 watercourse. This adit was observed to be approximately 3 feet wide, 3 feet high, and 6-8 feet deep, where is appears to have collapsed and/or was abandoned. No tailings were immediately evident. No disturbance to this adit is expected.

A concrete cistern, approximately 4 feet wide, 6 feet long, and 6 feet deep is located adjacent to the access road between the first switchback of the access road. This cistern is thought to have collected water (possibly from Adit-l) for use by the structures below. No evidence of water transport structures/pipe was observed. No disturbance to the cistern is expected during timber operations. It is unkno\·m what the landowners plans are for the cistern during future subdivision development.

b. Resource Attributes: AH5: Wells/cisterns AH9: Mine

P4. Resources Present: [lBuilding l5tructure ( lObject [Xl Site [ 1District [l Element of District lOther

P5. Photograph or Drawing: None

P6. Age: ( 1Prehistoric (Xl Historic ( lMulticomponent. 1::-.z ECi=1 IE

/06{ SEP L3 2B05 eGAs r .:'.Ri::A OfF ICc. ~~ sou::

P7 , Landowner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush Street, Chic a go, Illinois 60611 Phone: (312) 640 -7000 Local Address: 10 1 9 Myrtle Street, Calistoga, C.". ' '', ,. ; r, Local Phone: (707) 9 42 -4700

PB. Recorded By: Mitchell Haydon Environmental Resource Solutions, Inc. 2 300 No rthpoint Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 566-7510

P9. Date Re corded; 7/14/05 Form Prepared: 7/15/05 Revised 9/ 2 1 .' !h

PlO . Survey Type: Reconnaissance survey for COF Ti.mber Harvesting Plan.

Pll. Report Citation: Haydon, Mitchell , An Archaeological Su r vey Repor t ( or t h e Diamond, Hill Estates Timber Harvesting Plan , Napa County, Cal ifornia, 1-05-183-t·!!'.Pl',.

P12 . A t tachments; [] None [X] Location Map [] S i te Nap (1 Cont inuation Sh,:,,, '. [ jBuilding, Structure, Object Record []Archaeological Record ( jDistrict Reco r d [lLinea r Feature Record [JMill ing Station Record ( ]Rock Art Record []Artifact Record (jPhotographic Reco rd [l Other

REC E!VED

(002 !:)EP 2 3 2005 COAl-i 1 {,Re.'" Or Fier qf.SO\J RC E '.~ANAGEME:! i California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

Pri.mary No.: P-28-001371 LOCA'hON MAP Trinomial: Resource Name: l! j;·1l1 t1 . ..<, IliJI ;':: :1 hI i 7 : .'; .1 f l ( I (: i :~ t, ; ..

Page 3 of 3

USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga, c r\ Date : i \) .:, i

Scale: 1: 7 :1, UU!) .

'--___--1___=:J o 1 km

------~ . -. . -. ~ - . . --- .------' " -- ~ . State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary # P-28-001371 (Update) DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page of *Resource Name or #: Diamond Hill Estates Adits and Cistern

P1. Other Identifier: *P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: Napa and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga Date: 1997 T 8N; R 7W; NE ¼ of NW ¼ of SW ¼ of Sec 6 ; M.D. B.M. c. Address: City: Zip: d. UTM: Zone: 10 ; Adit-1 537250 mE/ 4269260mN (G.P.S.) Adit -2 537190 mE/4269250 mN Cistern 537230 mE/4269260 mN e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation: From the intersection of Highway 29 and 128 in Calistoga, go south on Highway 29/128 approximately 0.4 mile. Turn right into metal gate. Drive up the access road to just above the first switchback. Adit‐1 is located in a small unstable area just above the first switchback. Adit‐2 is located adjacent to the Class III watercourse west of the second switchback. The Cistern is located adjacent to the access road in‐between the first switchback.

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries)

This resource was originally recorded in 2005. The resource consists of two adits and a cistern of historic‐age. A site visit in 2010 revealed that the site remains relatively unchanged from its 2005 condition.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AH5: wells/cisterns, AH9: mine *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: (View, P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.) date, accession #)

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both

*P7. Owner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush St., Chicago, IL 60611 Local address: 1019 Myrtle St., Calistoga, CA

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Carrie Wills, M.A., RPA Micheal Brandman Associates 2633 Camino Ramon, Ste. 460 San Ramon, CA 94583

*P9. Date Recorded: September 2010 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Reconnaissance

*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary No. ; P-28-001372 PRIMARY RECORD HRI No. : Trinomial : Page 1 of 3 NRHP Status Code:

Review Code: ______Reviewer: _____~______Date:

Pl. Resource Name : Diamond Hill Estates gas station and two -storv h ous~

p2. Location: Confidential [Xl Unrestricted.

a. County: Napa

b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Calistoga Date: 1997

c. Legal Description: T 8 N ; R 7 W NE 1/4 of NW 1/4 of SW l/~ of Se rLl Base Meridian: Mount Diablo

d. UTM Coordinates: Zone 10 537250 m Easting 4269290 m Norr.lling .

e. Directions: from the intersection of Highway 29 and 128 in CalistoCla, C;\ , go south on Highway 29/128 approximately 0.4 mile. Turn right into metd J gate. Gas station is on the south side of Highway 29/128.

P3a . Description: This is a historic gas s tation and asso ciated two-st o ry h ouse located adjacent to Hwy 29/128 just south of the City of Calistoga. According to the landowne r, the underground gas tanks have been removed a nd site remediation has been completed . The structures are planr.ed to b e destroyed during construction of the approved Diamond Hill Estates subdivision. The structures appears to be older than 45 years, however they appear to have been heavily modified. Both structures have corrug ate · ~ tin roof. The living house has aluminum frame windows. Both structures are in general disrepair and are not suitable for habitation.

b. Resource Attributes: HP2: Single family property HP6: 1-3 story commerc ial building

P4. Resources Present: [Xl Building [l St ructure [ l Obj ect l Site [JDistrict [JElement of District [lather RECEIVED PS. Photograph or Drawing: See Photographic Record SEP 232005 P6. Age: [ ) Prehistoric [X)Historic [ )Multicomponent. COI!.• rARE;.. OFHQt RESOVRCE \O\AUAGEI'AE "I P7. Landowner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush Street, Chicago , Illinois 60611 Phone: (312) 640-7000 Local Address: 1019 Myrtle Street, Ca listoga, CA 94515 Local Phone: (707) 942-4700

P8. Recorded By: Mitchell Haydon Environmental Resource Solutions, Inc. 2300 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa, CA 95407 (707) 566-7510

P9. Date Recorded : 7/14/05 Form Prepared: 7/15/05 Revised 9/2 1 /05

PIO . Survey Type: Reconnaissance survey for CDr Timber Harvesting Plan.

PII. Report Citat.ion: Haydon, Mitchell, An Archaeological Survey Report fOL the Diamond Hill Estates Timber Harvesting Plan, Napa County, California, 1-05- 183-NAPA.

P12. Attachments: [)None [X )Location Map [)Site Map [jContinuation Shee;: lBuilding, Structure, Object Record [}Archaeological Record )District Record lLinear feature Record []Milling Station Record )Rock Art Record )Artifact Record (X]Photographic Record [lOther L S -3J-/5 ) . California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Primary No. : P-28-001372 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD Trinomial: Resource Name: I)j aillond I! 1 J I gas ," t iltion and L I-I () - ; ;I nr

Camera : __O=-1=-..Lym-,--"p"--=-u-=s_S"--,-t-,,y-=1=-u~s----,,E~p,------i--=c_Z__o_o_m__8_0__ Lens: ------Zoom 38-80mm Film:

Photo NO. _..;l~,..... Date: 7/15/05 Time: '. 5pm Description: Lookinq southeast at abandoned gas s tation ..?n d_~~ 'lo~~.rL.r l u se

Photo No. 2 Date: Description: Looking southeast at abandoned and Lwo -s ' ury hous e r Q ~ b r------ California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

Primary No , : P- 28-001372 LOCATION MAP 'I'rinomial : Resource Name : I l i d'II " ",j 1I .i II 1::,< 1' , ,'

c I . ~ ,'. : : !-.: : It. j II I j • I t r f ( \1,', .~ i t (.'r \/ ii ' t i ; 1' Page 2 of 3

USGS 7,5' Quad : Cali s t oga , CA Date: j '. 'n

Scale: 1 :? 4 , 0 00.

o l km State of California ⎯ The Resources Agency Primary # P-28-001372 (Update) DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page of *Resource Name or #: Diamond Hill Estates gas station and two-story house

e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation: From Calistoga (intersection of Highway 29 and 128), take Hwy 29/128 south toward Napa. Go approximately 0.4 miles and turn right, proceeding through a metal gate. Gas station is on the south side of Highway 29/128.

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries)

This resource was originally recorded in 2005. The resource consists of a historic gas station and an associated two‐story house. The structures appear to be older than forty‐five years of age, but both have been substantially modified. Both are also vacant and in a state of disrepair. A site visit in 2010 revealed that the strucutes remain relatively unchanged from their 2005 condition.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP 02: Single-family property, HP06: 1-3 story commercial building *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: (View, P5a. Photo or Drawing (Photo required for buildings, structures, and objects.) date, accession #)

*P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both

*P7. Owner and Address: Enchanted Resorts, Inc. 660 N. Rush St., Chicago, IL 60611 Local address: 1019 Myrtle St., Calistoga, CA

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Carrie Wills, M.A., RPA Micheal Brandman Associates 2633 Camino Ramon, Ste. 460 San Ramon, CA 94583

*P9. Date Recorded: September 2010 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Reconnaissance

*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information , St~te of California '· The Resources Agency: ·DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND,RECREATION PRIMARYR,ECORD- '

Page 1 of 4 'Resource Name or #: KC-3

P1 , Other Identifier: • P2, Location: GO Not for Publication Unrestricted 'a, County: Napa 'b, USGS Quad: Calistoga (1958; photorevised 19-80) c, Address: 414 Foothill Boulevard, Calistoga 94515 (I. UTM: Zone 10; 537340 mE/4269638 mN NAD27 e, Other Locational Data: Site is located in an unsectioned portion of the Carne Humana Land Grant. It is in the north eastern comer of the parcel locate at 414 Foothill blvd. Calistoga, Caliiornia,

• P3a, Description: Site is a sparse lithic :;catler consisting of approximately +/. 100 pieces of obsidian debitage, No diagnostic artifacts or formal tools were obserVed during the surface survey, A series of geotechnical test trenches were open on the subject parcel and were examined for the presence or absence of cultural materials, Trench 12 (located within the site boundaries) had two obsidian nClkes in the upper 20 centimeters of deposit. No other trenches had cultural materials visible,

Several large oyster shell fragments were also found on site: however, these appear too large to be of aboriginal origin and are likely associated with historic occupation of the area,

• P3b, Resource Attributes: • P4, Resources Present: O Building ~Element of District Lather (Isolates, etc.) r"':':'.~~~~.~~ ~.iI~~e.:.•• ~~7.ii£.~~.R.I-=i ·P5b. Description of Photo: ••• Site Overview

'P6. Date ConstructedJAge & Sources: n Hisloric ~ Prehistoric '::::J Both

'P7, Owner and Address: Milton A Wright Trust, 414 Foothill Blvd. Calistoga, Ca.

'P8, Recorded by: ArchaeoMetrics. Inc., ArchaeoMetrics. 414 Buena Tierra Woodland. CA. 95695 'P9, Date Recorded: 4/1/2008 'P10, Survey Type: l__II~i~;I;;II~lliii~~~i~!~~~;~~l_J Inlensive , P11 , Citation: Cultural Resource Inventory of Approximately 7 Acres Located in Calistoga, California, July, 2008

• Attachmo nts: ' ' None ; ~; Location Map,,( Sketch Map CJ Continuation Sheet U Building, Structure, and Object Record -./ A rchaeolog ical Record r District Record C; Linear Fealure Record [] Milling Station Record [j Rock Art Reconl . Artifact Record i-, Photograph Record := Other: DPR523J\(1/95) "Required Information ,State: of C~iifornla. ~ The Resources Agency' PHmary# .P-28 - 0 01505 ' · DEPARTMEN.T OF~ PARKS AND"RECREATION Tnnomial ex NAP"" ~ 07 8 '.. ,ARCHAE0LOGICAL:, SITE REeORD. .. ~ ~ -:- . ~ _. .- " ' , ' . ' I ...,~. _ , . . . Page 2 of 4 *Resource Name or #: KC -3

• A1. Dimensions: 3. Length 70 meters (EI\N x b. Width 50 meters (N/S) Site Area 3,500 sq meters Method of Measurement: 0 Paced 0 Taped ~ Visual estimate 0 GPS 0 Other: Method of Determination: ~I Artifacts 0 Features 0 Soil 0 Vegetation 0 Topography 0 Cut bank 0 Animal burrow o Excavation ~ Property boundary 0 Other: Reliability of determination: [ J High 0 Medium ~ Low Explain: Extensive plowingldisking of surface has likely spread artifacts around and disturbed their original context, therefore Limitations: ~J Reslricted access [J PavedJbuilt over ~ Site limits incompletely defined 0 Disturbances o Vegetation 0 Other: . A2. Depth: 0 None 0 Unknown Method of determination: Observed trenches suggest it is shallow . .. A3. Hum an Remains: 0 Present 0 Absent 0 Possible 0 Unknown * A4. Features: None Noted. • AS. Cultural Constituents; +/1 100 obsidian flakes. No formal tools were observed. Site is located in an active orchard and materials have been spread around by disking. It is possible that this is just the edge of a larger site bisected by the Napa River or located on the adjacent property. • AG. Were Specimens Collected? 0 No 0 Yes • A7. Site Condition [I Good 0 Fair [J Poor Extensive disking and plowing of upper 1-2 feet has redistributed cultural materials. * AS. Nearest Water: Napa River (adjacent) • A9. Elevation: 330 feet ASL A10. Environmental Setting: Site is located on alluvial floodplain adjacent to the Napa River in the upper Napa Valley. Riparian vegetation is prevalent along the creek - the site would likely have been situated in an open oak woodland in prehistoric times. A11. Historical Information: not available. • A 12. Age: r.ll Prehistoric LJ Protohistoric [ 1 1542-1769 01769-1648 0 1848-1880 0 1880-1914 01914-1945 ! -j Post-1945 !J Undetermined A13. Interpretations: A1 4. Remarks: A15. References: A 16. Photographs: Original Media/Negatives Kept At: • A17. Form Prepared By: K. Carpenter Date: 411 /2008 Affilia tion and Address; ArchaeoMelrics, Inc. 414 Buena Tierra, Woodland, CA 95695

DPRS23C (1 195) ·Required Info rll1;ation

- ... - .----_.__..... ---- Slate of California - The Resources Agency Primary II: 1" L~UU.l JUJ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #:-,------,---1 SKETCH MAP TrinOmial: ' CA-NAP-I078

'Resource Name or# (Assigned by re c order)---,-,K""C~-O,-,,3,--______Page 3 of 4

"Drawn By: 'Date of Map:

Legend

.. -Site Datum (Fence Post)

/ -SHe Boundary / / -Barbwire Fence

/ -Contour (feet) .0 -Walnut Tree ! f> C'H 52 3K (1I9S) 'Required Information

------State of California · The R9Sources Agency Primary #: P - 2 8 -001 S0S DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #:------l LOCATION MAP Trinomial: CA-NAP -I0 78

' Resource Name or 11 (Assigned by recorder)~K-,-C,,--0~3=--______Page 4 of 4 'Map Name: USGS 7.5' Calistoga, CA 'Scale: 1:24,000 "Date of Map: 1997

j '. r "

..~- I ... " j . I ~ ",...... ' ., . / .;:' --' 0" " f \

( \ ," Ii , \

USGS 7.5' Calistoga. CA 1997. SCALE: 1:24.000.

MILES o 0.5

o 0.5 KILOMETERS

\',\. \,: ~D J (1/95) 'Required Information State of California The Resou rces Agency Primary # P-2R-00l3U5 (Update) DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page 1 01 1 *Resuun: . :'-Jd !1l(, or # KC-3 P1 . Other Identifier: *P2. Location : l2?l Not for Publication o Unrestricted · a. County: Napa and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: CalJstogCl Date : 1997 T I' N; R 7W; of of unseclioned ; fvL O. B. M. c. Address: -414 Fo oLl.u I I Bou levard City cti istl)gtl Zip: 9,J-S 15 d. UTM Zone III : 5373-Hl mEi .J.2 ,, %~8 mN (GP.S.) N ,"'O 27 e. Other Locational Data (e.g ., parc el #, directions to resoLlfce , elevation, etc , as appropriate) Elevation Site i~ located in an LUI~e ct k) n ed I)ortion of thte Crne H tUnana L :m d ,rant It is in the north eas tern corne r of II c: parcel !c,eated at 41 4 h 10lhill Blvd . C.ll islOg;l, CA

*P3a. Description: ( J escrib ' resource and its I1 wjor elements. Include design, mat ri:ll s, "olldltlOn, " Iterations, size, se tting, ilnd bound;U1es)

This resource was originally recorded i.n 20()1' l he resource consis ts a sparse lilhic of Jppruximatcly +1 10n piece ot obs idi iln dl::' bi tag€o" No diag nostic il rlifacis or formal tl)ols were observed d uring th e surhlCC survey. A sen s of geu tcdl ilical test I ren 'hes

were open on the subj€o'Ct p arcel <1nd were eX

The 2010 s urvey rcve"led obsidiall a r t lfa ct ~ (pc'int, spear he" d, flak es), mdlcJting thelt the s ite is p ro bably rdatl" , ly u ll.cli;mge:d from it s 200S l:~Jn djtl()n . H oweI' r, no s ubsurfa Ce: excaviitiollS or tesling were conducted in 2010 50 it i_ unknown wh th pl' or Illl t there are subsu r f:'1 cc com ponen ts to the site at thiS lime.

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (Ust attributes and codes) · P4. Resources Present: D Buildlng D Stru cture O ObJect l2?l Site D Distri ct O Element of District D Other (Isolates, etc.) rP-5-a-.~P-h-o-t-o-o-r-D-ra-~-/i-n-g-(p-h-o-~~re--q u-i r-ed-~-r -b-u -il d-in-g-s-.-S-k-u c-t-ur-e-s-, a-n-d-o-b-~-c-~-. -) ~--~~-~~ P5 b. Description of Ph oto (V~ w , date, accession #) · P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sou rces: OHistoric XPreh istoric OBoth · P7. Owner and Address : En, hanted F\,sorb , lnc. 660 N. ,ush 5 1. , Chiotg", 1L b06 l t L.() ~· "'1 1 a IJ rL!SS 1.01 LJ My rlle Sl, El iistllga , C A

·PS. Recorded by: (Name, affiliatio n, and address) Carrie Wills, M.A, RP Mi ,.hr· 1 BrCln ,lman A~~ ocl al p s 26.{3 Celil lino K'1111C n, Sl('. -ltlO Sun RaJl1" n, CA 9-t5t>]

*P9 . Date Recorded: SC l ~ tc' mbl.! r 2l11 1) ·P10. Survey Type: (Desc ribe) Rp, ()unaissanee

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * P11. Report C i ~tion : (C~s uN ey report and other sources, or enter "none .")

"Attachments: CB;jN ONE O Locatlon Map OSketch Map DContmuation Sheet O Building, Stru cture, and Object Record D Archaeological Record ODistrict Record D Li near Feature Record DMiliing Station Record DRock Art Record O Artifact Record OPhotograph Record 0 Other (List) DPR 523A (1195) ·Required information