DOCSLIB.ORG

Evergreen Shrubs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evergreen Shrubs Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Evergreen Flowering Shrubs – pg.1 Starflower Image Herbarium Evergreen Flowering Shrubs © Starflower Foundation, 1996-2007 Washington Native Plant Society These species pages has been valuable and loved for over a decade by WNPS members and the PNW plant community. Untouched since 2007, these pages have been archived for your reference. They contain valuable identifiable traits, landscaping information, and ethnobotanical uses. Species names and data will not be updated. To view updated taxonomical information, visit the UW Burke Herbarium Image Collection website at http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php. For other useful plant information, visit the Native Plants Directory at www.wnps.org. Compiled September 1, 2018 Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Evergreen Flowering Shrubs – pg.2 Contents Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Kinnikinnick, Bearberry ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Ceanothus velutinus ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 Snowbrush .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Gaultheria shallon .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Salal ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Mahonia aquifolium ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Tall Oregon Grape ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Mahonia nervosa ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Dull Oregon Grape .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 Myrica californica ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Pacific Wax Myrtle .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Penstemon davidsonii ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 Davidson's Penstemon ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Penstemon fruticosus ........................................................................................................................................................... 10 Lowbush Penstemon ......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Rhododendron macrophyllum ............................................................................................................................................. 11 Pacific Rhododendron ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 Vaccinium ovatum ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Evergreen huckleberry ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 References ............................................................................................................................................................................ 13 About Ann Lennartz Founded in 1996 by Ann Lennartz, Starflower Foundation assisted with the creation, rehabilitation, and stewardship of Pacific Northwest native plant communities in Seattle, Washington, by supporting community-driven restoration and education projects. Having met the founder’s expectations, Starflower Foundation ceased operations in December 2007. Resources developed by Starflower Foundation included an array of educational materials, plant ID cards, project case studies, and this image herbarium. All resources contain Western Washington native plant information and images for use in education, restoration and landscaping projects. As mutually agreed upon with Starflower Foundation, Washington Native Plant Society has made Starflower's learning and education materials available on our website. Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Evergreen Flowering Shrubs – pg.3 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Kinnikinnick, Bearberry At a Glance: A mat-forming evergreen shrub producing lovely pink flowers that later turn into red berries. Height: Can grow up to 8 inches (20 cm) tall. Growth Form: Shrub. Stems: The velvety red-brownish branches are long, flexible and rooting. Pure stands of kinnikinnick can grow to be very dense. Leaves: Leaves are alternate, oval in shape, dark green, shiny above and paler beneath with a leathery texture; size: up to 3 cm (1 in) long. Flowers: Small pink bell-shaped flowers in few-flowered drooping terminal clusters; size: 5 mm long. Flowering Period: March, April. Fruits: Kinnikinnick berries are called drupes and ripen late, continuing to stay on plants into winter. Each drupe contains 1 to 5 large very hard seeds. Drup size: 7-10 mm across; color: red. Soil Preferences Prefers coarse, well-drained soils. sandy soils gravelly soils well drained soils Habitat Preferences Saltwater Areas: Coastal dunes or beaches Rocky or Gravelly Areas: Cliffs Rocky slopes Glacial outwash Forests and Thickets: Open forests Forest edges, openings, or clearings Sun/Shade Tolerance full sun > 80% Wildlife Value mostly sunny 60%-80% Berries Birds: The berries are consumed by ruffed grouse, band-tailed pigeons, evening Hydrology grosbeaks, sparrows, and other ground-feeding birds. dry Insects: The flowers attract bees and brown elfin butterflies. Mammals: The berries are browsed by bears, foxes, and coyotes. The twigs are Elevation Range browsed by deer. low elevation mid elevation Landscape Uses: Good groundcover for dry places, banks. The berries persist into the winter. sub-alpine Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Evergreen Flowering Shrubs – pg.4 Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush At a Glance: A tall shrub with glossy leaves and clusters of white flowers. Height: Up to 10 feet (3 meters). Growth Form: Shrub. Leaves: Alternate arrangement. The broadly oval leaves are shiny and sticky on top and velvety beneath; finely toothed with three major veins. Leaves are aromatic. Size: 3-6 cm (1-2.5 in) long. Flowers: Flowers are arranged in pyramidal clusters 5-12 cm long along the length of side branches. EAch flower is tiny, white. Flowering Period: May, June, July. Fruits: three-lobed and three-chambered; size: 4-5 mm long. Habitat Preferences Saltwater Areas: Rocky or Gravelly Areas: Cliffs Rocky slopes Outcrops Forests and Thickets: Open forests Forest edges, openings, or clearings Disturbed Areas: Burned areas Disturbed sites Sun/Shade Tolerance mostly sunny 60%-80% Wildlife Value Hydrology Host for insect larvae moist Insects: The flowers are pollinated by many flying insects, especially dry bees. Ceanothus silk moth larvae eat the leaves. Butterflies associated Elevation Range with the plant include the pale swallowtail butterfly, the brown elfin low elevation butterfly, and the hedgerow hairstreak butterfly. mid elevation Mammals: Deer and elk browse on the twigs and leaves. Soil Preferences sandy soils gravelly soils Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Evergreen Flowering Shrubs – pg.5 Gaultheria shallon Salal At a Glance: Creeping to erect shrub with hairy branching stems and dark leathery leaves. Height: Up to 16 feet (5 meters) in exceptional cases but typically 3-7 feet (1-2 m) tall. Growth Form: Shrub. Stems: Hairy, branched. Leaves: Alternate, evergreen, leathery, shiny dark green, sharply and finely toothed, egg shaped, 5-10 cm (2-4 in) long; color: dark leathery green. Flowers: Occur in racemes of 5-15 urn-shaped flowers, all oriented in same direction; primary color: white-pinkish; size: 7-10 mm long. Flowering Period: May, June. Fruits: The "berries" are actually the fleshy sepals, edible, the true fruit is a capsule surrounded by the fleshy calyx; shape: round; size: 6-10 mm broad; color: reddish-blue to dark purple. Habitat Preferences Forests and Thickets: Saltwater Areas: Forests and woods Seashores Coniferous forests Rocky or Gravelly Areas: Old growth forests
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Common Name Scientific Name Comments Evergreen Trees
    Common Name Scientific Name Height* Spread Native Fall Color Ornamental Bark Flowering Wind Tolerant Tolerant Salt Well Drained Soil Moist Soil Full Sun Partial Sun Shade Comments Evergreen Trees Austrian Pine Pinus nigra 60' 30' x x x Vigerous, dark green needles (Behind Brenner's Castle Hill parking lot) Blue Spruce Picea pungens 60 30 x x Slow growing, bluish tint to needles English Laurel Prunus laurocerasus 10' 15' x x x x x x Good hedge.Dark green waxy leaves. (Corner Observatory & Seward St) Holly Ilex species 10' 10' x x Beautiful foliage and berries. Need male & female (City Hall west side) Lodgepole Pine (Bull Pine) Pinus contorta 35' 35' x x x x x x Fast growing, good for containers, screening (Crescent Park by picnic shelters) Mountain Hemlock Tsuga mertensiana 30' 15' x x x x x x x x Good for slopes, rock gardens, containers. Slow growing. (Wells Fargo parking lot) Sitka Spruce Picea sitchensis 100' 50' x x x x x Prone to aphids. Prolific, native of SE Alaska Western Hemlock Tsuga heterophylla 100 50 x x x x x x Fast growing. Can be pruned into a hedge (SJ Campus -Jeff Davis St.) Western Red Cedar Thuja plicata 80' 40' x x Beautiful foliage. Interesting bark. Subalpine Fir Abies lasiocarpa 100' 20' x Beautiful conical form. (Two across from Market Center parking lot.) Noble Fir Abies procera 100' 30' x Dark green, fast growing, beautiful large specimens at 1111 HPR Siberian Spruce Picea Omorika 20' 4' x x x Blue-green foliage. 'Bruns' at Moller Field, 'Weeping Brun's' at BIHA office Japanese White Pine Pinus parviflora 6' 3' x x Negishi' at Moller Field with blue-green foliage Korean Fir Abies koreana 15' 10' x x Horstmann's silberlocke' at Moller Field; silver foliage Western White Pine Pinus monticola 60' 20' x x x Fast growing, conical form (Fine Arts Camp Rasmusen Center, Lake St.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park
    19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450 ■ 707.847.3437 ■ [email protected] ■ www.fortross.org Title: Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park Author(s): Dorothy Scherer Published by: California Native Plant Society i Source: Fort Ross Conservancy Library URL: www.fortross.org Fort Ross Conservancy (FRC) asks that you acknowledge FRC as the source of the content; if you use material from FRC online, we request that you link directly to the URL provided. If you use the content offline, we ask that you credit the source as follows: “Courtesy of Fort Ross Conservancy, www.fortross.org.” Fort Ross Conservancy, a 501(c)(3) and California State Park cooperating association, connects people to the history and beauty of Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks. © Fort Ross Conservancy, 19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450, 707-847-3437 .~ ) VASCULAR PLANTS of FORT ROSS STATE HISTORIC PARK SONOMA COUNTY A PLANT COMMUNITIES PROJECT DOROTHY KING YOUNG CHAPTER CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY DOROTHY SCHERER, CHAIRPERSON DECEMBER 30, 1999 ) Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 18, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Ferns & Fern Allies: Azollaceae/Mosquito Fern Azo/la filiculoides Mosquito Fern wp Blechnaceae/Deer Fern Blechnum spicant Deer Fern RV mp,sp Woodwardia fimbriata Giant Chain Fern RV wp Oennstaedtiaceae/Bracken Fern Pleridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken, Brake CG,CC,CF mh T Oryopteridaceae/Wood Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum Western lady Fern RV sp,wp Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern OS op,st Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern RV sp,wp Polystichum munitum Western Sword Fern CF mh,mp Equisetaceae/Horsetail Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail RV ds,mp Equisetum hyemale ssp.affine Common Scouring Rush RV mp,sg Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush mp,sg Equisetum telmateia ssp.
    [Show full text]
  • EVERGREEN TREES for NEBRASKA Justin Evertson & Bob Henrickson
    THE NEBRASKA STATEWIDE ARBORETUM PRESENTS EVERGREEN TREES FOR NEBRASKA Justin Evertson & Bob Henrickson. For more plant information, visit plantnebraska.org or retreenbraska.unl.edu Throughout much of the Great Plains, just a handful of species make up the majority of evergreens being planted. This makes them extremely vulnerable to challenges brought on by insects, extremes of weather, and diseases. Utilizing a variety of evergreen species results in a more diverse and resilient landscape that is more likely to survive whatever challenges come along. Geographic Adaptability: An E indicates plants suitable primarily to the Eastern half of the state while a W indicates plants that prefer the more arid environment of western Nebraska. All others are considered to be adaptable to most of Nebraska. Size Range: Expected average mature height x spread for Nebraska. Common & Proven Evergreen Trees 1. Arborvitae, Eastern ‐ Thuja occidentalis (E; narrow habit; vertically layered foliage; can be prone to ice storm damage; 20‐25’x 5‐15’; cultivars include ‘Techny’ and ‘Hetz Wintergreen’) 2. Arborvitae, Western ‐ Thuja plicata (E; similar to eastern Arborvitae but not as hardy; 25‐40’x 10‐20; ‘Green Giant’ is a common, fast growing hybrid growing to 60’ tall) 3. Douglasfir (Rocky Mountain) ‐ Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (soft blue‐green needles; cones have distinctive turkey‐foot bract; graceful habit; avoid open sites; 50’x 30’) 4. Fir, Balsam ‐ Abies balsamea (E; narrow habit; balsam fragrance; avoid open, windswept sites; 45’x 20’) 5. Fir, Canaan ‐ Abies balsamea var. phanerolepis (E; similar to balsam fir; common Christmas tree; becoming popular as a landscape tree; very graceful; 45’x 20’) 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Salal Gaultheria Shallon
    Mountain Loop Conservancy Fact Sheet: Salal Gaultheria shallon Range: Salal grows only in North America and ranges from southeastern Alaska south to central California and east through the western slopes of the coastal ranges and Cascade Mountains. Salal grows from sea level to an elevation of 2,500 feet (763 m). Identification: This shrub grows to a height of 1.3 to 10 feet (0.4 - 3 m). Its evergreen leaves are thick, leathery, and shiny. Leaves are a pointed egg shape and are 2 - 4 inches (5 – 10cm) long. The green leaves grow alternately off stems that are often reddish in color. The lantern- shaped flowers are white to pinkish in color and grow along the ends of stems in showy clusters of 5 -15. They bloom from May 15 – July 1. Salal has a “pseudo berry” that is actually fleshy flower sepals. The berries are 0.24 - 0.4 inch (6 - 10mm) in diameter and reddish-blue to dark purple in color. They are covered with tiny hairs. The fruit is edible and is ripe by August 15. The berries taste a little like huckleberries but they are sweeter and have a drier texture. Salal with berries. Photo by Angie Goodloe © Unique characteristics: This is one of the most common understory plant species in the Pacific Northwest. Salal varies widely in height depending on where they are growing. Their growth can be a low, scraggly form or a tall, almost impenetrable, thicket. Habitat: Salal grows in a wide variety of habitats from coastal dunes to montane forests. It can grow in dry to very wet sites and tolerates sun or shade.
    [Show full text]
  • Resistance to Low and Negative Temperatures of Rhododendrons (Rhododendron) in the Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University in 2
    Available online at www.notulaebotanicae.ro Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic ISSN 1842-4309 Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj 36 (1) 2008, 59-62 Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca Resistance to Low and Negative Temperatures of Rhododendrons (Rhododendron) in the Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University in 2002-2007 Aurelija MALCIŪTĖ1) , Jonas Remigijus NAUJALIS2) , Antanas SVIRSKIS3) 1) Šiauliai University, Botanical Garden, Paitaičių Str. 4, LT-76284, Šiauliai, Lithuania, e-mail: [email protected] 2) Vilnius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany and Genetics, M. K.Čiurlionio Str. 21/27, LT-03101, Vilnius, e-mail: [email protected] 3) Šiauliai University, Instituto 1, 58344 Akademija, Kėdainių distr., Lithuania, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Rhododendrons are not native to Lithuania, but are often cultivated in botanical gardens, various public and private green plantations. Resistance to low temperatures are among the most important criteria in evaluating the condition of the rhododendron collection in the Botanical Garden of ŠU. The research initiated in the ŠU Botanical Garden will help in the selection and propagation of ornamental and tolerant to low temperatures representatives of species and cultivars, suitable for cultivation in northern Lithuania. Keywords: rhododendron, low temperature, ŠU Botanical Garden Introduction research on the plants of the Rhododendron genus in the region of Žemaitija uplands has been performed yet. Introduction of plants is one of the most important tasks of Botanical Garden of Šiauliai University (further Materials and methods referred as ŠU) which constantly expands the assortment of woody plants and that is the reason for the beginning Resistance to low temperatures are among the most of introduction of the Rhododendrons (Rhododendron L.) important criterion evaluated condition of rhododendrons genus plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Penstemon davidsonii ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/PEDA2.pdf Source: (Douglas et al., 1999)4 TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Scrophulariaceae18 [Newly listed in Plantaginaceae]2, 3 Common Name Figwort Family18 [Plantain Family] 2, 3 Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Penstemon davidsonii Greene18 Varieties Penstemon davidsonii Greene var. davidsonii Penstemon davidsonii Greene var. menziesii (D.D. Keck) Cronquist Penstemon davidsonii Greene var. praeteritus Cronquist18 Sub-species None18 Cultivar ‘Albus’ compact form of var. menziesii, white flowers ‘Broken Top’ 4”x18”, spreading, layering, purple flowers ‘Microphyllus’ form of var. menziesii with small round leaves and violet-blue flowers ‘Minnie’ floriferous form of var. menziesii, blue flowers ‘Parma’ trailing form of var. menziesii with glaucous, toothed leaves and dark purple flowers. ‘Serpyllifolius’ prostrate form of var. menziesii with toothed leaf margins and lilac colored flowers ‘Mt. Adams Dwarf’ smaller form of type variety9 Common Synonym(s) None Common Name(s) Davidson’s Penstemon, Davidson’s Beardtongue, Creeping Penstemon10, 21 Species Code (as per USDA PEDA218 Plants database) GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Native to British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California and Nevada. See maps below for distribution. Source: (USDA, 2018)18 Source: (Burke Museum, 2018)2 Ecological distribution This species is commonly found grasping to the surface of cliffs, rocky
    [Show full text]
  • OSU Gardening with Oregon Native Plants
    GARDENING WITH OREGON NATIVE PLANTS WEST OF THE CASCADES EC 1577 • Reprinted March 2008 CONTENTS Benefi ts of growing native plants .......................................................................................................................1 Plant selection ....................................................................................................................................................2 Establishment and care ......................................................................................................................................3 Plant combinations ............................................................................................................................................5 Resources ............................................................................................................................................................5 Recommended native plants for home gardens in western Oregon .................................................................8 Trees ...........................................................................................................................................................9 Shrubs ......................................................................................................................................................12 Groundcovers ...........................................................................................................................................19 Herbaceous perennials and ferns ............................................................................................................21
    [Show full text]
  • KERN RIVER PARKWAY PLANT LIST (Only Plant Species Permitted for Projects Within the Kern River Parkway Area - Includes Streetscape and Parking Lots)
    KERN RIVER PARKWAY PLANT LIST (only plant species permitted for projects within the Kern River Parkway area - includes streetscape and parking lots) Scientific Name Common Name Type Acer macrophyllum Bigleaf maple Large tree Acer negundo ssp, californicum California box elder Large tree Aesculus californica California buckeye Large tree Alnus rhombifolia White alder Large tree Amelanchier pallida Western service berry Shrub or small tree Artemisia californica Coastal sage Shrub or small tree Artostaphlos densiflora Manzanita Shrub or small tree Artostaphlos glauca Manzanita Shrub or small tree Artostaphlos manzanita Manzanita Shrub or small tree Artostaphlos parryi Manzanita Shrub or small tree Atriplex lentiformis Quailbush Shrub or small tree Baccharis glutinosa Mulefat Shrub or small tree Baccharis pilularis "Twin Peaks" Dwarf coyote bush Flowering herb or groundcover Baccharis pilularis ssp. consanquinea Coyote bush Shrub or small tree Calycanthus occidentalis Western spice bush Shrub or small tree Carpenteria californica Tree anemone Shrub or small tree Castanopsis spp. Chiquapin Shrub or small tree Ceanothus cunneatus Ceanothus Shrub or small tree Ceanothus gloriosos Navarro ceanothus Flowering herb or groundcover Ceanothus griseus Carmel creeper Flowering herb or groundcover Ceanothus integerrimus Ceanothus Shrub or small tree Ceanothus leucodermis Ceanothus Shrub or small tree Ceanothus purpureus Ceanothus Shrub or small tree Ceanothus thrysiflorus Blue blossom Shrub or small tree Ceanothus thrysiflorus Ceanothus Shrub or small
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Evergreen Trees and Shrubs
    Taking Another Look . Using Evergreen Trees, Shrubs and Ground Covers to Add Year-Round Interest to Your Landscape When most people hear the word evergreen, they think They come in all shapes — flat, horizontal, pyramid, of a Christmas tree. However, evergreen really refers to rounded, narrow, broad, irregular, and even contorted. any plant — a tree, a shrub or ground cover — that And if you don’t like a plant’s natural shape, there’s keeps the color in its needles or leaves all year long. always pruning. It’s easy to see where the name evergreen comes from! In contrast, deciduous plants lose their leaves once a Foliage color ranges from all shades of green, year in the fall and survive winters by becoming dormant gray-green and blue-green, as well as gold, yellow, (inactive) until spring — like maple trees, for example. cream, purple and red. Check out the new growth on evergreen plants in the springtime. The light shades of Whether considering evergreen trees, shrubs or ground new growth contrasted against the darker older foliage covers, evergreen plants can be divided into two broad are beautiful. categories: 3. Protection for birds. Evergreen trees, such as pines, spruces, and junipers, provide the essential hiding places that birds need for building nests and for shelter from Evergreens with needles winter winds. Common examples: Pine, spruce, juniper, fir and yew 4. Low maintenance and longevity. Once established, many evergreen plants require little maintenance and flourish for years. Evergreens with leaves Called broad-leaved evergreens Have you thought about these ways to use Common examples: Boxwood, evergreen plants? holly, azaleas, rhododendrons, euonymus and English ivy Accent and contrast.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Guidelines for Mule Deer: California Woodland Chaparral Ecoregion
    THE AUTHORS : MARY L. SOMMER CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME WILDLIFE BRANCH 1812 NINTH STREET SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 REBECCA L. BARBOZA CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME SOUTH COAST REGION 4665 LAMPSON AVENUE, SUITE C LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 RANDY A. BOTTA CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME SOUTH COAST REGION 4949 VIEWRIDGE AVENUE SAN DIEGO, CA 92123 ERIC B. KLEINFELTER CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME CENTRAL REGION 1234 EAST SHAW AVENUE FRESNO, CA 93710 MARTHA E. SCHAUSS CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME CENTRAL REGION 1234 EAST SHAW AVENUE FRESNO, CA 93710 J. ROCKY THOMPSON CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME CENTRAL REGION P.O. BOX 2330 LAKE ISABELLA, CA 93240 Cover photo by: California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) Suggested Citation: Sommer, M. L., R. L. Barboza, R. A. Botta, E. B. Kleinfelter, M. E. Schauss and J. R. Thompson. 2007. Habitat Guidelines for Mule Deer: California Woodland Chaparral Ecoregion. Mule Deer Working Group, Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 THE CALIFORNIA WOODLAND CHAPARRAL ECOREGION 4 Description 4 Ecoregion-specific Deer Ecology 4 MAJOR IMPACTS TO MULE DEER HABITAT 6 IN THE CALIFORNIA WOODLAND CHAPARRA L CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND SPECIFIC 7 HABITAT GUIDELINES Long-term Fire Suppression 7 Human Encroachment 13 Wild and Domestic Herbivores 18 Water Availability and Hydrological Changes 26 Non-native Invasive Species 30 SUMMARY 37 LITERATURE CITED 38 APPENDICIES 46 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ule and black-tailed deer (collectively called Forest is severe winterkill. Winterkill is not a mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus ) are icons of problem in the Southwest Deserts, but heavy grazing the American West.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Site AX001X04X401 Cryic Udic Forest
    Natural Resources Conservation Service Ecological site AX001X04X401 Cryic Udic Forest Last updated: 1/06/2021 Accessed: 09/26/2021 General information Provisional. A provisional ecological site description has undergone quality control and quality assurance review. It contains a working state and transition model and enough information to identify the ecological site. MLRA notes Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): 001X–Northern Pacific Coast Range, Foothills, and Valleys This long and narrow resource area stretches along the Pacific Border Province of the Pacific Mountain System in Oregon and Washington. The area is bounded by the Olympic Mountains on the north and the Klamath Mountains on the south. Most of the area consists of hills and low mountains with gentle to steep slopes. The parent materials are composed primarily of young Tertiary sedimentary rocks with some minor volcanic rocks. Glacial till and outwash deposits are found in the northern half of the area within Washington. In the far southern portion of the area, near the Klamath Mountains, the sedimentary rocks are older and some have been metamorphosed. The average annual precipitation ranges from 60 to 200 inches, increasing with elevation. The dominant soil orders in this MLRA are Andisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols. Soil depth ranges from shallow to very deep. While most soils in the area are well drained and occur on foothills, mountain slopes and ridges, floodplain and depressional soils can range from well drained to very poorly drained. Soil textures are typically medial, loamy, or clayey. The dominant soils in the area have a mesic or frigid soil temperature regime and a udic soil moisture regime; however, soils with an aquic soil moisture regime or cryic soil temperature regime do occur.
    [Show full text]