Servedio CV Short Format
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Avian Vision and the Evolution of Egg Color Mimicry in The
evo_65_7_cover 6/22/11 7:16 PM Page 1 Volume 65, Number 7, July 2011 VOLUME 65, NUMBER 7, JULY 2011 EVOLUTION VOLUME 65, NUMBER 7, PAGES PERSPECTIVE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION Convergence, Adaptation, and Constraint Jonathan B. Losos 1827–1840 ORIGINAL ARTICLES 1827 Neutral Biodiversity Theory can Explain the Imbalance of Phylogenetic Trees but not the Tempo –2132 of their Diversification T. Jonathan Davies, Andrew P. Allen, Luís Borda-de-A´gua, Jim Regetz, and Carlos J. Melián 1841–1850 The Impact of Gene-Tree/Species-Tree Discordance on Diversification-Rate Estimation Frank T. Burbrink and R. Alexander Pyron 1851–1861 Dealing with Incomplete Taxon Sampling and Diversification of a Large Clade of Mushroom-Forming Fungi Martin Ryberg and Patrick Brandon Matheny 1862–1878 EVOLUTION Diversity and Demography in Beringia: Multilocus Tests of Paleodistribution Models Reveal the Complex History of Arctic Ground Squirrels Kurt E. Galbreath, Joseph A. Cook, Aren A. Eddingsaas, and Eric G. DeChaine 1879–1896 The Genetic Architecture of Adaptation Under Migration-Selection Balance Sam Yeaman and Michael C. Whitlock 1897–1911 The Influence of an Innovative Locomotor Strategy on the Phenotypic Diversification of Triggerfish (Family: Balistidae) Alex Dornburg, Brian Sidlauskas, Francesco Santini, Laurie Sorenson, Thomas J. Near, and Michael E. Alfaro 1912–1926 The Tempo and Mode of Evolution: Body Sizes of Island Mammals Pasquale Raia and Shai Meiri 1927–1934 Mammals Evolve Faster on Smaller Islands Virginie Millien 1935–1944 Evolutionary Advantage of Small Populations on Complex Fitness Landscapes Kavita Jain, Joachim Krug, and Su-Chan Park 1945–1955 Interspecific X-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Introgression in the Iberian Hare: Selection or Allele Surfing? July 2011 José Melo-Ferreira, Paulo C. -
Current Perspectives on Sexual Selection History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences Volume 9
Current Perspectives on Sexual Selection History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences Volume 9 Editors: Charles T. Wolfe, Ghent University, Belgium Philippe Huneman, IHPST (CNRS/Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne), France Thomas A.C. Reydon, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany Editorial Board: Editors Charles T. Wolfe, Ghent University, Belgium Philippe Huneman, IHPST (CNRS/Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne), France Thomas A.C. Reydon, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany Editorial Board Marshall Abrams (University of Alabama at Birmingham) Andre Ariew (Missouri) Minus van Baalen (UPMC, Paris) Domenico Bertoloni Meli (Indiana) Richard Burian (Virginia Tech) Pietro Corsi (EHESS, Paris) François Duchesneau (Université de Montréal) John Dupré (Exeter) Paul Farber (Oregon State) Lisa Gannett (Saint Mary’s University, Halifax) Andy Gardner (Oxford) Paul Griffi ths (Sydney) Jean Gayon (IHPST, Paris) Guido Giglioni (Warburg Institute, London) Thomas Heams (INRA, AgroParisTech, Paris) James Lennox (Pittsburgh) Annick Lesne (CNRS, UPMC, Paris) Tim Lewens (Cambridge) Edouard Machery (Pittsburgh) Alexandre Métraux (Archives Poincaré, Nancy) Hans Metz (Leiden) Roberta Millstein (Davis) Staffan Müller-Wille (Exeter) Dominic Murphy (Sydney) François Munoz (Université Montpellier 2) Stuart Newman (New York Medical College) Frederik Nijhout (Duke) Samir Okasha (Bristol) Susan Oyama (CUNY) Kevin Padian (Berkeley) David Queller (Washington University, St Louis) Stéphane Schmitt (SPHERE, CNRS, Paris) Phillip Sloan (Notre Dame) Jacqueline Sullivan -
Extinction Dynamics of Age-Structured Populations in A
Proc. Nadl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 85, pp. 7418-7421, October 1988 Population Biology Extinction dynamics of age-structured populations in a fluctuating environment (demography/ecology/life history/stochastic model/diffusion process) RUSSELL LANDE AND STEVEN HECHT ORZACK Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Communicated by David M. Raup, June 3, 1988 (received for review February 2, 1988) ABSTRACT We model density-independent growth of an a recursion formula for the numbers of individuals in each age- (or stage-) structured population, assuming that mortality age class or developmental stage at time t + 1 in terms of and reproductive rates fluctuate as stationary time series. An- those at the previous time t, alytical formulas are derived for the distribution of time to extinction and the cumulative probability of extinction before n(t + 1) = A(t)n(t), [1] a certain time, which are determined by the initial age distri- bution, and by the infinitesimal mean and variance, # and a2, where n(t) is a column vector with entries representing the of a diffusion approximation for the logarithm of total popula- numbers of (female) individuals of each type at time t and tion size. These parameters can be estimated from the average A(t) is a square projection matrix with nonnegative entries life history and the pattern of environmental fluctuations in Aij(t) that determine the number of individuals of type i pro- the vital rates. We also show that the distribution of time to duced at time t + 1 per individual of type j at time t. -
Maintenance of Quantitative Genetic Variance Under Partial Self-Fertilization, with Implications for Evolution of Selfing
GENETICS | INVESTIGATION Maintenance of Quantitative Genetic Variance Under Partial Self-Fertilization, with Implications for Evolution of Selfing Russell Lande*,1 and Emmanuelle Porcher† *Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom, and †Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (UMR7204), Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPMC, 75005 Paris, France ABSTRACT We analyze two models of the maintenance of quantitative genetic variance in a mixed-mating system of self-fertilization and outcrossing. In both models purely additive genetic variance is maintainedbymutationandrecombinationunder stabilizing selection on the phenotype of one or more quantitative characters. The Gaussian allele model (GAM) involves a finite number of unlinked loci in an infinitely large population, with a normal distribution of allelic effects at each locus within lineages selfed for t consecutive generations since their last outcross. The infinitesimal model for partial selfing (IMS) involves an infinite number of loci in a large but finite population, with a normal distribution of breeding values in lineages of selfing age t. In both models a stable equilibrium genetic variance exists, the outcrossed equilibrium, nearly equal to that under random mating, for all selfing rates, r, up to critical value,^r;the purging threshold, which approximately equals the mean fitness under random mating relative to that under complete selfing. In the GAM a second stable equilibrium, the purged equilibrium, exists for any positive selfing rate, with genetic variance less than or equal to that under pure selfing; as r increases above ^r the outcrossed equilibrium collapses sharply to the purged equilibrium genetic variance. -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in the Journal of Theoretical Biology: 1990–1999
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in the Journal of Theoretical Biology: 1990{1999 Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 01 June 2019 Version 1.00 Title word cross-reference 2 [SOR91]. 3 [LBND98, Mar92b, SL91a, Van91]. 4 [Lac90]. 6 [RP99]. > [Hir93]. + [BS92, Cla95, Joh93, NK90]. 2+ [AH90, Cha90, CJMBM92, HP97a, ◦ KD94, Kum91, LF95, LC97, LH91, LR94c, SW91]. [Fli99]. 0 [O'N91]. 1 [O'N91]. 2 [CLY99]. 3 [KD94, LR94c, WBC99]. cmax [WBC99]. i [LR94c]. ml + [WBC99]. α [LBDDG90, MGL 95, Nak95, SST91, TSC90]. b1 [Yar96]. β [Iid90, Rad91, TSC90]. · [SST91, Spe90]. ∆ [Fri98]. [Boe90]. g [MNB97]. Km [RP96]. L = C [Hes90]. µ [RSB92]. N [Dug90, Bla97]. p [DGSK99, Khr98]. Φ [N¨ol98, N¨ol99]. ΦF (0) [PN98]. ! [MR98, O'N91]. -1 [LBND98]. -Adic [DGSK99, Khr98]. -amylase-catalyzed [Nak95]. -ATPase [BS92]. -azaadenine [SOR91]. -chymotrypsin [LBDDG90]. -D [Mar92b, SL91a, Van91]. -dependent [MNB97, CJMBM92]. -globin [Boe90, Iid90]. -helix [TSC90]. -induced [KD94]. -morphogen [Lac90]. -person [Dug90]. -phosphogluconolactone [RP99]. -player [Bla97]. -sarcin [MGL+95]. -sarcin-membrane [MGL+95]. -structure [TSC90]. 1 2 -structures [Rad91]. -thalassemia [Iid90]. -values [N¨ol98, N¨ol99]. [Boe90]. /K [BS92]. 1 [Fin92b, Ham93, Mel93a, TCZ95, TL98, WDP98]. 1-dimenthylurea [LBND98]. 100 [CF94b]. 100-A˚ [CF94b]. 16S [AIK99]. 185 [BBM+13a, BBM+13b]. 19th [Ano99c]. 2 [MK93, SST91]. 2- [RSB92]. 2nd [Ano99a]. 353-379 [Ano92-29]. -
Reinforcement and the Genetics of Hybrid Incompatibilities
Genetics: Published Articles Ahead of Print, published on March 17, 2006 as 10.1534/genetics.105.048199 Reinforcement and the genetics of hybrid incompatibilities Alan R. Lemmon1 and Mark Kirkpatrick Affiliation: Section of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 1 Running head: Reinforcement and hybrid incompatibility Keywords: hybridization, speciation, reinforcement, incompatibility, sex linkage, incompatibility sieve 1Correspondence: Alan R. Lemmon Section of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station #C0930 Austin, TX 78712 USA Email: [email protected] Tel: 512-471-3760; Fax: 512-471-3878 2 ABSTRACT Recent empirical studies suggest that genes involved in speciation are often sex-linked. We derive a general analytic model of reinforcement to study the effects of sex linkage on reinforcement under three forms of selection against hybrids: one-locus, two-locus, and ecological incompatibilities. We show that the pattern of sex linkage can have a large effect on the amount of reinforcement due to hybrid incompatibility. Sex linkage of genes involved in postzygotic isolation generally increases the strength of reinforcement, but only if genes involved in prezygotic isolation are also sex-linked. We use exact simulations to test the accuracy of the approximation and find that qualitative predictions made assuming weak selection can hold when selection is strong. 3 Speciation is the evolution of prezygotic or postzygotic isolation. Postzygotic isolation is thought to evolve through the accumulation of genetic incompatibilities during allopatric separation. Prezygotic isolation can evolve through reinforcement, which is the evolution of increased prezygotic isolation as a result of selection against hybrids (Dobzhansky 1940; Blair 1955; Howard 1993). -
Sex Differences in the Recombination Landscape*
vol. 195, no. 2 the american naturalist february 2020 Symposium Sex Differences in the Recombination Landscape* Jason M. Sardell† and Mark Kirkpatrick Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712 Submitted May 12, 2018; Accepted April 26, 2019; Electronically published December 9, 2019 Online enhancement: appendix. abstract: Sex differences in overall recombination rates are well Nearly all attention to this question has focused on over- known, but little theoretical or empirical attention has been given all map lengths. Achiasmy, in which recombination is lost to how and why sexes differ in their recombination landscapes: the in one sex, has evolved about 30 times, and the loss always patterns of recombination along chromosomes. In the first scientific occurs in the heterogametic sex (Haldane 1922; Huxley review of this phenomenon, we find that recombination is biased to- 1928; Burt et al. 1991). A much more common but less un- ward telomeres in males and more uniformly distributed in females in derstood situation is heterochiasmy, in which both sexes re- most vertebrates and many other eukaryotes. Notable exceptions to combine but at different rates. In these cases, sex differences this pattern exist, however. Fine-scale recombination patterns also fre- quently differ between males and females. The molecular mechanisms in map lengths are not correlated with which sex is hetero- responsible for sex differences remain unclear, but chromatin land- gametic (Burt et al. 1991; Lenormand 2003; Brandvain and scapes play a role. Why these sex differences evolve also is unclear. Hy- Coop 2012), although overall recombination tends to be potheses suggest that they may result from sexually antagonistic selec- higher in females across animals and outcrossing plants (re- tion acting on coding genes and their regulatory elements, meiotic viewed in Lenormand and Dutheil 2005; Brandvain and drive in females, selection during the haploid phase of the life cycle, Coop 2012). -
The Evolution of Sexual Imprinting Through Reinforcement
Assortative mating by an obliquely transmitted local cultural trait promotes divergence Justin Yeh University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Do learned birdsong dialects lead to speciation? • Molecular similarity might correlate with dialect similarity (Baker 1975; Baker & Thompson 1982; Zink & Barrowclough 1984) • Genetic cline overlap with cultural cline, but at lower steepness, and the birdsong does not predict genotype (Kenyon et al. 2016) • Bird lineage with song learning has more species than that without (Lachlan & Servedio 2004) Justin Yeh 2 correlation ⇏ causation no correlation ⇏ no causation Justin Yeh 3 Oblique learning: from unrelated individual of the previous generation • Juvenile songbirds learn from adult neighbors • Obliquely transmitted traits are immune to sexual selection (Yeh & Servedio 2015) • If any juvenile can learn from any adult, there should not be correlation between gene and culture Justin Yeh 4 Spatial structure creates gene- culture association • Learning is spatially restricted • Cultural traits can be locally adapted – High-freq vocal signals in cities (Luther & Derryberry 2012) – Tonal languages in humid environment (Everett et al. 2014) Justin Yeh 5 Hypothesis Local genes & Local song & local local oblique reproduction learning Justin Yeh 6 Hypothesis Local genes & Local song & local local oblique reproduction learning Gene-culture association Justin Yeh 7 Hypothesis Local genes & Local song & local local oblique reproduction learning Divergent selection Gene-culture & sexual selection association -
Sexual Selection in Females
Animal Behaviour 77 (2009) 3–11 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Animal Behaviour journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/yanbe Reviews Sexual selection in females Tim Clutton-Brock* Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge article info Darwin developed the theory of sexual selection to account for the evolution of weaponry, ornamen- Article history: tation and other secondary sexual characters that are commonly more developed in males and which Received 28 April 2008 appeared unlikely to contribute to survival. He argued that these traits had evolved either through Initial acceptance 25 May 2008 intrasexual competition between males to monopolize access to females or through consistent female Final acceptance 27 August 2008 preferences for mating with superior partners. Since 1871, a substantial body of research has confirmed Published online 31 October 2008 his explanation of the evolution of secondary sexual characters in males, although sex differences in MS. number: 08-00267 reproductive behaviour are more diverse and the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for them are more complex than was initially recognized. However, secondary sexual characters are also widespread Keywords: in females but, as yet, their evolution and distribution have received relatively little attention from gender differences evolutionary biologists. Here, I suggest that the mechanisms responsible for the evolution of secondary intrasexual competition sexual characters in females are similar to those operating in males and include intrasexual competition mate choice sex roles between females for breeding opportunities, male mating preferences and female competition to attract sexual selection mates. Unlike males, females often compete more intensely for resources necessary for successful reproduction than for access to mating partners and the development of secondary sexual characters in females may be limited by costs to fecundity rather than to survival. -
Decontextualized Learning for Interpretable Hierarchical Representations of Visual Patterns
DECONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING FOR INTERPRETABLE HIERARCHICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF VISUAL PATTERNS ∗ R. Ian Etheredge1, 2, 3, , Manfred Schartl4, 5, 6, 7, and Alex Jordan1, 2, 3 1Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany 2Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany 3Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany 4Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas Aguazarca, A.C., Calnali, Hidalgo, Mexico 5Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany 6Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA 7Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University San Marcos, San Marcos, TX, USA September 22, 2020 SUMMARY Apart from discriminative models for classification and object detection tasks, the application of deep convolutional neural networks to basic research utilizing natural imaging data has been somewhat limited; particularly in cases where a set of interpretable features for downstream analysis is needed, a key requirement for many scientific investigations. We present an algorithm and training paradigm designed specifically to address this: decontextualized hierarchical representation learning (DHRL). By combining a generative model chaining procedure with a ladder network architecture and latent arXiv:2009.09893v1 [cs.CV] 31 Aug 2020 space regularization for inference, DHRL address the limitations of small datasets and encourages a disentangled set of hierarchically organized features. In addition to providing a tractable path for analyzing complex hierarchal patterns using variation inference, this approach is generative and can be directly combined with empirical and theoretical approaches. To highlight the extensibility and usefulness of DHRL, we demonstrate this method in application to a question from evolutionary biology. -
Finding Shared Values in a Diverse Society: Lessons from the Intelligent Design Controversy
FINDING SHARED VALUES IN A DIVERSE SOCIETY: LESSONS FROM THE INTELLIGENT DESIGN CONTROVERSY Alan E. Garfield∗† If we are to be as a shining city upon a hill, it will be because of our ceaseless pursuit of the constitutional ideal of human dignity.1 INTRODUCTION American society is destined to become dramatically more diverse over the course of this century. The Census Bureau estimates that non- Hispanic Whites will constitute less than half the population by mid- century2 and that foreign-born residents already outnumber the entire population of Canada.3 Although the Census Bureau does not track people’s religious affiliation,4 other surveys indicate that America is also ∗. Professor of Law, Widener University School of Law. This Article is a product of my work as the 2005–2007 H. Albert Young Fellow in Constitutional Law and was originally presented as the 2007 H. Albert Young Lecture at Widener University School of Law on April 25, 2007. †. I am grateful to the Young Foundation for its generous support of my scholarship, and to Erin Daly, Michael Goldberg, Stephen Henderson, Patrick Kelly, Laura Ray, and John Wladis for their valuable comments on earlier versions of this work. 1. Justice William J. Brennan, Jr., Address at the Georgetown University Text and Teaching Symposium (Oct. 12, 1985), in THE GREAT DEBATE: INTERPRETING OUR WRITTEN CONSTITUTION 11, 25 (2005 ed.), available at http://www.fed-soc.org/resources/id.50/default.asp. 2. Press Release, U.S. Census Bureau, An Older and More Diverse Nation by Midcentury (Aug. 14, 2008), available at http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/population/012496.html. -
An Introduction to Sociobiology: Inclusive Fitness and the Core Genome Herbert Gintis
An Introduction to Sociobiology: Inclusive Fitness and the Core Genome Herbert Gintis June 29, 2013 The besetting danger is ...mistaking part of the truth for the whole...in every one of the leading controversies...both sides were in the right in what they affirmed, though wrong in what they denied John Stuart Mill, On Coleridge, 1867 A Mendelian populationhas a common gene pool, whichis itscollective or corporate genotype. Theodosius Dobzhansky, Cold Springs Harbor Symposium, 1953. The interaction between regulator and structural genes... [reinforces] the concept that the genotype of the individual is a whole. Ernst Mayr, Populations, Species and Evolution, 1970 Abstract This paper develops inclusive fitness theory with the aim of clarifying its appropriate place in sociobiological theory and specifying the associated principles that render it powerful. The paper introduces one new concept, that of the core genome. Treating the core genome as a unit of selection solves problems concerning levels of selection in evolution. 1 Summary Sociobiology is the study of biological interaction, both intragenomic, among loci in the genome, and intergenomic, among individuals in a reproductive popula- tion (Gardner et al. 2007). William Hamilton (1964) extended the theory of gene frequencies developed in the first half of the Twentieth century (Crow and I would like to thank Samuel Bowles, Eric Charnov, Steven Frank, Michael Ghiselin, Peter Godfrey-Smith, David Haig, David Queller, Laurent Lehmann, Samir Okasha, Peter Richerson, Joan Roughgarden, Elliot Sober, David Van Dyken, Mattijs van Veelen and Edward O. Wilson for advice in preparing this paper. 1 Kimura 1970, B¨urger 2000, Provine 2001) to deal with such behavior.