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Vietnam National Action Programme to Combat Desertification

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Vietnam National Action Programme to Combat Desertification UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM VIETNAM NATIONAL ACTION PROGRAMME TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION Hanoi, July 2002 February 3, 2002 ABBREVIATIONS CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CMMS Computer Models for Management Science C&I Criteria and Indicators DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development DFD Department for Forestry Development ESCAP United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FIPI Forest Inventory and Planning Institute FSIV Forest Science Institute of Vietnam FSSP Forest Sector Support Programme GEF Global Environment Facility GOV Government of Vietnam Ha, ha Hectare IRRI Irrigation Research Institute MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural development MoA Memorandum of Agreement MoFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs MoRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment NAP National Action Programme to combat desertification NCB National Coordinating Body NFP National Focal Point NGO Non-government organization OP Operational Programme PSC Partnership Steering Committee P&C Principles and Criteria PROFOR Programme on Forests RAMSAR Convention on Wetland of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat REFAS Project on Reform of Forestry Administration System RAP Regional Action Programme SFE State Forest Enterprise SRAP Sub-regional Action Programme TPN Thematic Programme Network UNCBD United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity UNCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat desertification UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme USD United State’s Dollar VND Vietnam Dong WSSD World Summit on Sustainable Development 5MHRP The Five Million Hectare Reforestation Programme Vietnam NAP for UNCCD Implementation 2 February 3, 2002 TABLE OF CONTENT Page No. Foreword........................................................................................................................................................... ............5 Part A. UNCCD AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS IN VIETNAM................................................7 Chapter 1: The concept and objectives of UNCCD...................................................................................................7 1.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................................7 1.2 Objectives of UNCCD..........................................................................................................................................7 1.3 Obligations of UNCCD country parties................................................................................................................7 1.4 UNCCD approach in NAP development..............................................................................................................9 Chapter 2: Natural and socio-economic conditions of Vietnam.............................................................................12 2.1 Geographic and climatic conditions........................................................................................................................12 2.1.1 Geographic conditions.........................................................................................................................................12 2.1.2 Climatic characteristics........................................................................................................................................12 2.1.2.1 Temperature change trend.................................................................................................................................13 2.1.2.2 Sunshine change tendency................................................................................................................................14 2.1.2.3 Rainfall change.................................................................................................................................................15 2.1.2.4 Disaster trend....................................................................................................................................................18 2.2 Population and socio-economic characteristics......................................................................................................18 2.2.1 Population............................................................................................................................................................18 2.2.2 Socio-economic characteristics...........................................................................................................................20 2.3 Land classification and land use status...................................................................................................................23 2.4 Present status of desertification in Vietnam, main causes and impacts..................................................................25 2.4.1 Drought and the causes........................................................................................................................................26 2.4.1.1 Drought and impacts.........................................................................................................................................26 2.4.1.2 Causes of drought..............................................................................................................................................29 2.4.2 Land degradation and the main causes.................................................................................................................31 2.4.2.1 Land degradation phenomena...........................................................................................................................31 2.4.2.2 Causes of land degradation...............................................................................................................................33 2.4.3 Sand movement and causes..................................................................................................................................41 2.4.3.1 Scale of sand movement area............................................................................................................................41 2.4.3.2 Causes...............................................................................................................................................................41 Chapter 3: Previous programmes and lessons learnt..............................................................................................43 3.1 Forestry...................................................................................................................................................................43 3.2 Water resources management and drought control.................................................................................................44 3.3 Poverty reduction....................................................................................................................................................45 Part B: NATIONAL ACTION PROGRAMME .....................................................................................................47 Chapter 4: Strategies, objectives and tasks..............................................................................................................47 4.1 Strategies.................................................................................................................................................................47 4.2 Objectives and specific tasks..................................................................................................................................48 4.2.1 Long-term objectives, period 2011-2020.............................................................................................................48 4.2.2 Mid-term objectives, period 2006-2010...............................................................................................................49 4.2.3 Short-term objectives – specific tasks, period 2002-2005...................................................................................50 4.2.3.1 Forestry development........................................................................................................................................50 4.2.3.2 Land use management.......................................................................................................................................51 4.2.3.3 Water resource management and drought control............................................................................................52 4.2.3.4 Poverty alleviation............................................................................................................................................54 Vietnam NAP for UNCCD Implementation 3 February 3, 2002 Chapter 5: Priority areas and proposed programmes............................................................................................55 5.1 Priority areas...........................................................................................................................................................55 5.1.1. Central Coastal Region.......................................................................................................................................55
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