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Arabia and the Arabs
ARABIA AND THE ARABS Long before Muhammad preached the religion of Islam, the inhabitants of his native Arabia had played an important role in world history as both merchants and warriors. Arabia and the Arabs provides the only up-to-date, one-volume survey of the region and its peoples from prehistory to the coming of Islam. Using a wide range of sources – inscriptions, poetry, histories and archaeological evidence – Robert Hoyland explores the main cultural areas of Arabia, from ancient Sheba in the south to the deserts and oases of the north. He then examines the major themes of: •the economy • society •religion •art, architecture and artefacts •language and literature •Arabhood and Arabisation. The volume is illustrated with more than fifty photographs, drawings and maps. Robert G. Hoyland has been a research fellow of St John’s College, Oxford since 1994. He is the author of Seeing Islam As Others Saw It and several articles on the history of the Middle East. He regularly conducts fieldwork in the region. ARABIA AND THE ARABS From the Bronze Age to the coming of Islam Robert G. Hoyland London and New York First published 2001 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. © 2001 Robert G. Hoyland All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. -
Exile in the Post-Roman Successor States, 439 – C.650
Exile in the Post-Roman Successor States, 439 – c.650 Harold Eric Mawdsley A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History Faculty of Arts and Humanities University of Sheffield December 2018 1 2 Abstract This thesis constitutes the first sustained attempt to examine the penalty of exile in the post- Roman west during the fifth, sixth, and early seventh centuries. Exile had long been a punishment under Roman Law and was frequently imposed in the various polities that replaced the Western Roman Empire. Previous scholarship that has discussed the topic of exile has generally taken a biographical approach, focussing on the impact of the penalty upon specific individuals’ lives, careers, and literary outputs. By contrast, this thesis keeps the subject of exile at the heart of the analysis and looks more closely at the broader legal, political, and social realities of the punishment. One of the central questions that this thesis addresses is why post-Roman kings banished their subjects, arguing that exile’s flexibility and, in particular, its capacity to remove individuals from the political sphere without bloodshed gave the penalty considerable utility. In addition, this thesis looks at the legal aspects of exile, reconstructing the ways in which legislators discussed the penalty in their laws and judges imposed it ‘on the ground’. In doing so, this thesis establishes that there was a high degree of consistency between the theory and practice of exile, whilst at the same time demonstrating that the penalty was often pragmatically adjusted to suit contemporary circumstances. -
UNIVERSITY*OF*CALIFORNIA, IRVINE From*Rome
UNIVERSITY*OF*CALIFORNIA, IRVINE From*Rome*to*Iran:*Identity*and*Xusrō*II DISSERTATION submitted*in*partial*satisfaction*of*the*requirements for*the*degree*of DOCTOR*OF*PHILOSOPHY in*History by Keenan*BacaMWinters *********Dissertation*Committee: *******************************Professor*Touraj*Daryaee,*chair *Professor*Elizabeth*DePalma*Digeser Associate*Professor*Laura*J.*Mitchell 2015 ©*2015*Keenan*BacaMWinters DEDICATION To*those*who*have*gone*before*me: Thomas*N.*Sizgorich*and*Gregory*J.*Winters Until*we*meet*again ii TABLE*OF*CONTENTS *******************************Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ******* v*** i CURRICULUM*VITAE ***vi ABSTRACT*OF*THE*DISSERTATION **** vii INTRODUCTION *********1*** CHAPTER*1:** Fear*in*a*Handful*of*Dust:*Roman* *********29 Emotional*Reaction*to*Xusrō*II ************** CHAPTER*2:** PseudoMSebēos*and*Xusrō*II:*An* *********66 Armenian*Seizes*His*Identity*in*a* PersoMRomano*World*************************** ************** CHAPTER*3:* Xusrō*II*and*the*Church*of*the*East* *******110 in*Ērānšahr ************** CHAPTER*4:** A*Dream*Deferred:*Xusrō*II*in* *******154 Ferdowsī's*Shahnameh+and*AlMṬabarī's* History ************** **** ******** ******************** CONCLUSION:** Xusrō,*We*Hardly*Knew*Ye *******195 BIBLIOGRAPHY *******215 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This*dissertation*was*not*the*result*of*just*my*effort.*Many*people*have* supported*me*on*this*long*and*difeicult*journey.* I*eirst*would*like*to*thank*Thomas*Sizgorich,*whose*support*and*advice*he* gave*me*when*I*was*his*undergraduate*student*at*the*University*of*New* -
The Imperial Policy of Otherness Justinian and the Arianism of Barbarians As a Motive for the Recovery of the West
1749-08_ETL_2008-4_06_Mirsanu 08-01-2009 16:27 Pagina 477 Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 84/4 (2008) 477-498. doi: 10.2143/ETL.84.4.2033455 © 2008 by Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses. All rights reserved. The Imperial Policy of Otherness Justinian and the Arianism of Barbarians as a Motive for the Recovery of the West Drago≥ MÎR≥ANU K.U. Leuven It was out of enthusiasm for this liberty that we undertook such extensive wars in Africa and the west, both for right belief about God and for the freedom of our subjects1. This paper is part of a larger study on the Arian Christianity of the “Ger- manic” barbarians of Late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages, and is exploring the importance of the “otherness of faith” (orthodoxy/Arian- ism) in the diplomatic affairs of the time. More specifically, it is my inten- tion to investigate here Justinian’s reign (527-565) in order to find out whether this particular Arianism was a major motive, driven by either a sincere or a politically-motivated spirit, for the military campaigns in the West. Whether there existed in the empire, especially in the East, already prior to Justinian, a constant awareness of the heresy of the barbarian invaders, and to what degree this (un)acceptable otherness in terms of Christian belief triggered an imperial response is, I believe, a legitimate question. An investigation of the imperial attitudes toward the Arianism of the barbar- ians before the age of Justinian, i.e. from the beginning of imperial ortho- doxy and the barbarization of the army in the time of Theodosius, to the fall of Rome, to Justin’s I open policy of “intolerance” toward the Arian heresy answers basically in the negative, as the little evidence that exists seems to point rather to the incidental2. -
Marriage and Alliance in the Merovingian Kingdoms, 481-639
MARRIAGE AND ALLIANCE IN THE MEROVINGIAN KINGDOMS, 481-639 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Ryan Patrick Crisp, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2003 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Joseph H. Lynch, Adviser Professor Barbara A. Hanawalt _______________________ Adviser Professor Frank T. Coulson History Department ABSTRACT The sources for studying the early Middle Ages make it clear that many saw kinship, both by blood and marriage, as an important and meaningful connection to others which should regulate one’s behavior. In examining more closely the history of the relations between kinsmen, however, it becomes quite evident that theory did not always meet practice. In fact, while no one necessarily denied the demands of kinship, other considerations often took precedence. What resulted was as much bloodshed and animosity between kinsmen as cooperation, and nowhere is this made more clear than in the Merovingian Frankish kingdoms of the sixth century. An explanation of the meaning, motives and practical implications of the kinship connections of the Merovingians, both those by blood and those made through marriage to other royal families, is rooted in the particular nature of the Merovingian kingdoms and Frankish kingship. For most of the sixth century, there was more than one ruling Frankish king at a time. This created a situation, therefore, where the resources of the Frankish kingdom were divided among multiple kings. These kings, who were also close kinsmen, fought with each other, both directly and indirectly, for control over a greater portion of the wealth, land, and leudes (sworn followers) of the kingdom. -
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COMPETING NARRATIVES BETWEEN NOMADIC PEOPLE AND THEIR SEDENTARY NEIGHBOURS Studia uralo-altaica 53 Redigunt Katalin Sipőcz András Róna-Tas István Zimonyi Competing Narratives between Nomadic People and their Sedentary Neighbours Papers of the 7th International Conference on the Medieval History of the Eurasian Steppe Nov. 9–12, 2018 Shanghai University, China Edited by Chen Hao Szeged, 2019 This publication was financially supported by the MTA-ELTE-SZTE Silk Road Research Group © University of Szeged, Department of Altaic Studies, Department of Finno-Ugrian Philology Printed in 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by other means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the author or the publisher. Printed by: Innovariant Ltd., H-6750 Algyő, Ipartelep 4. ISBN: 978-963-306-708-6 (printed) ISBN: 978-963-306-714-7 (pdf) ISSN: 0133 4239 Contents István Zimonyi Preface .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Augustí Alemany A Prosopographical Approach to Medieval Eurasian Nomads (II) .............................. 11 Tatiana A. Anikeeva Geography in the Epic Folklore of the Oghuz Turks ...................................................... 37 Ákos Bertalan Apatóczky Changes of Ethnonyms in the Sino-Mongol Bilingual Glossaries from the Yuan to the Qing Era ............................................................................................ -
War and Peace in the Western Political Imagination Also Available from Bloomsbury
War and Peace in the Western Political Imagination Also Available from Bloomsbury The Roman Army, David Breeze Marius, Federico Santangelo War: A Short History, Jeremy Black War and Peace (Problems in Theology), edited by Jeff Astley, David Brown, and Ann Loades War and Peace in the Western Political Imagination From Classical Antiquity to the Age of Reason Roger B. Manning Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc LONDON • OXFORD • NEW YORK • NEW DELHI • SYDNEY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2016 Paperback edition fi rst published 2017 © Roger B. Manning, 2016 Roger B. Manning has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the author. British Library Cataloguing- in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978–1–47425–870–8 PB: 978–1–47425–869–2 ePDF: 978–1–47425–872–2 ePub: 978–1–47425–871–5 Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. -
The Sassanians (New Persia) 1
The Sassanians (New Persia) 1 The Sassanians (New Persia) 1 Author ............................................................... 1 1. Condition of the Persians under the Successors of Alexander 2 2. Situation and Size of Persia. .......................... 7 3. Reign of Artaxerxes I ................................... 11 4. Accession of Sapor I .................................... 23 5. Hormisdas I; Varahran II; Varahran III ......... 31 6. Civil War and Peace ..................................... 35 7. Hormisdas II; Sapor II .................................. 42 8. War with Rome; Sieges of Nisibis ............... 45 9. Revolt of Armenia ....................................... 50 10. Struggles with Rome ................................. 58 11. War Between Sapor and Rome ................. 73 12. Artaxerxes III; Sapor III; Varahran IV ......... 77 13. Isdigerd I .................................................... 81 14. Varahran V ................................................ 85 15. Isdigerd II ................................................... 91 16. Perozes; Hormisdas III ............................... 95 17. Accession of Palash ................................. 101 18. Reigns of Kobad and Zamasp .................. 103 19. Internal Troubles in Persia ...................... 107 20. Accession of Chosrose I ........................... 116 21. Administration of Persia of Chosroes I ... 135 22. Accession of Hormisdas IV ...................... 142 23. Accession of Chosroes II .......................... 147 24. Second Reign of Chosroes -
Abstracts NINTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE of IRANIAN STUDIES (ECIS 9) Berlin, 9–13 September 2019 Institute of Iranian Studies, Freie Universität Berlin
Abstracts NINTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF IRANIAN STUDIES (ECIS 9) Berlin, 9–13 September 2019 Institute of Iranian Studies, Freie Universität Berlin Layout and design: Shervin Farridnejad © 2019 The Peacock motif is taken from Maġsūd-Beyk Mosque, Esfahan, Safavid Period (From: Nasr-Esfahani, Gholamreza, 2006, The Design of the Peacock on the Mosaic Tiles of Esfahan, Esfahan). Special thanks to Albrecht Flachowsky Institute of Iranian Studies Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 23-25 14195 Berlin Ninth European Conference of Iranian Studies (ECIS 9) Berlin, 9–13 September 2019 Institute of Iranian Studies, Freie Universität Berlin Scientific Committee (The board of the Societas Iranologica Europaea) • Pierfrancesco Callieri (President of SIE / University of Bologna) • Gabrielle van den Berg (Vice President / Leiden University) • Florian Schwarz (Secretary / Institute of Iranian Studies, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna) • Mohammad Ali Amir-Moezzi (École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris) • Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst (Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften / FU Berlin) • Pavel Borisovich Lurje (State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg) • Nicholas Sims-Williams (SOAS, University of London) • Christoph U. Werner (Philipps-Universität Marburg) • Maria Carmela Benvenuto (Treasurer / University of Rome “La Sapienza”) Conveners (Institute of Iranian Studies, Freie Universität Berlin) • Alberto Cantera • Shervin Farridnejad • Götz König • Khanna Omarkhali • Arash Zeini Conference Student Assistants • Mahnaz Ghasemi Kadijani • Kian Kahrom Contact and Venue E-Mail: [email protected] Conference venue: Institute of Iranian Studies, Fabeckstr. 23-25, 14195 Berlin/Germany HOSSEIN ABADIAN The Social Consequences of Rural Migrations to Tehran (1973-1979) This article concerns with the consequences of migrations to Tehran after the oil shock of 1973 and the role did play this issue in the upcoming circumstances of Iran. -
The Great Empires of Prophecy, from Babylon to the Fall of Rome
© 2016 Adventist Pioneer Library 37457 Jasper Lowell Rd Jasper, OR, 97438, USA +1 (877) 585-1111 Ecclesiastical Empire Originaly published by the Review and Herald Publishing Company in 1901 Original page numbers are in brackets Published in the USA July, 2016 ISBN: 978-1-61455-043-3 4 | Ecclesiastical Empire Alonzo Trévier Jones (1850-1923) To The common People who heard our common Master gladly, and whose silent, practical experience “throughout the history of the Church has always been truer and has led the Church in a safer path than have the public decrees of those who claim to be authoritative leaders of theological thought,” this book is respectfully dedicated by THE AUTHOR Contents Chapter 01 – An Ecclesiastical World-Power 13 Against the Most High — Christ’s Letters to His Church — Consequence of the Apostasy. Chapter 02 – The Visigoths in the Middle Ages 19 Theodoric, the Visigoth — The Visigothic Empire. Chapter 03 – The Suevi in the Middle Ages 23 Portuguese Discoveries — Discovery of the Indies and China. Chapter 04 – The Franks in the Middle Ages 27 Subjection of the Burgundians — Clovis Sole King of the Franks — The Mayors of the Palace — Empire of Charlemagne — The Invasions of the Northmen — The Formation of Normandy — Establishment of the Cape- Man Dynasty — The Feudal System. Chapter 05 – The Alemanni in the Middle Ages 41 Establishment of the German Kingdom — Establishment of the “Holy Roman Empire” — Origin of the Reigning House of England — Splendor of Frederick II — The Great Interregnum: Anarchy — End of the “Holy Roman Empire.” Chapter 06 – The Burgundians in the Middle Ages 51 The Marathon of Switzerland — Switzerland Free. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-68587-1 — the Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire C.500–1492 Edited by Jonathan Shepard Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-68587-1 — The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500–1492 Edited by Jonathan Shepard Index More Information INDEX NOTE: Page references in italics refer to maps or illustrations. Material within entries is arranged predominantly alphabetically, although some of the longer entries begin with a chronologically-ordered section, to help orient the reader. Footnotes are only referred to where the subject is not mentioned in the corresponding page of the text. Personal names of Byzantines and other individuals in the early and middle periods are generally listed by first name followed by family name (for example, John Skylitzes rather than Skylitzes, John). For the later period, some (mainly western) individuals are listed by surname (for example, Dandolo, Enrico). Entries for commonly occurring first names are sequenced thus: Byzantine emperors, patriarchs of Constantinople, popes, and then all others in alphabetical order. Aachen 417, 553; map 396 Acciaiuoli, Nerio 839–40 Abaqa, Ilkhan 722 Acciaiuoli, Niccolò 839 Abas Bagratuni, magistros 355 Acciaiuoli family 838, 839–40 al-‘Abbas bin al-Ma’mun 391 acclamations 398, 512, 604 al-‘Abbas bin al-Walid 385 Acerenza 568; map 561 Abbasid dynasty 386–92, 881; and Armenia 300, 348; and Achaemenids 139, 140, 881 Byzantium 392–3, 493, 496; caliphs 917; inception Achaia, principality of 44–5, 762, 767–8; under 255–6, 365, 386; jihad 386–7, 392–3; and Mongols William of Champlitte 762, 841; under 721; move capital to Baghdad 221, 224, 255–6, 387, Villehardouins -
Questions for World of Byzantium
www.YoYoBrain.com - Accelerators for Memory and Learning Questions for World of Byzantium Category: Imperial Crises and Reform - (9 questions) When is the period known as "Late Antiquity" 200-700 C.E. When was the the time period of The 31 B.C.E - 284 C.E. Principate of Roman Empire When was the time period of The Dominate 284-476 C.E. of the Roman Empire Who was the landed elites of provincial cities decurions of the Principate (Roman) Who was the last Severan Roman Caesar Severus Alexander (222-235) Time period of shah Arhashir 227-240 C.E. Time period of Persian shah Sharpur I 240-272 C.E. In 3rd century when was Roman Empire 260-274 C.E. fragmented into 3 competing states Who reunified Roman Empire in 3rd century Aurelian (270-275) Category: Constantine - (5 questions) Who was 2nd Augustus in the West under Maximianus Diocletian in 286 C.E. Who did Diocletian appoint as junior Constantius I in the WestGalerius in the East emperors in 293 When did Diocletian and Maximianus 305 C.E. abdicate their positions as Roman Caesars Trigger for civil war under Galerius after he appointed junior Caesar's that ignored Diocletian's abdication hereditary succesion to Constantine and Maxentius Major social change of city government decline of decurion system of patronage to under Roman Dominate system an imperial support system Category: Barbarians - (5 questions) When did the Sassanid Persian shahs 227 C.E. overthrow the Arsacid kings of Parthia When did Julian II wage a war with Persia 362-363 ended with his death during retreat When did Roman emperor Valens agree to 375-376 settle Goths in Lower Danube Where and who slew Emperor Valens in 378 Goths in Adrianople in 378 C.E.