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Hells Angels Hells Angels This article is about the motorcycle club. For other uses, called “Hell’s Angels”.[17] In 1930, the Howard Hughes see Hells Angels (disambiguation). film Hell’s Angels displayed extraordinary and dangerous feats of aviation, and it is believed that the World War II The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC) is a world- groups who used that name based it on the film. wide one-percenter motorcycle club whose members typ- Some of the early history of the HAMC is not clear, ically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles. The organiza- and accounts differ. According to Ralph 'Sonny' Barger, tion is considered an organized crime syndicate by the founder of the Oakland chapter, early chapters of the U.S. Department of Justice.[5][6][7][8] In the United States club were founded in San Francisco, California, Gardena, and Canada, the Hells Angels are incorporated as the Fontana, California, Oakland, California and elsewhere, Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation. Common nick- with the members usually being unaware that there were names for the club are the “H.A.”, “Red & White”, and other clubs. One of the lesser known clubs existed “81”.[9] in North Chino/South Pomona, California, in the late 1960s. Other sources claim that the Hells Angels in San Fran- 1 History cisco were organized in 1953 by Rocky Graves, a Hells Angel member from San Bernardino (“Berdoo”) imply- ing that the “Frisco” Hells Angels were very much aware of their forebears.[18] The “Frisco” Hells Angels were re- organized in 1955 with thirteen charter members, Frank Sadilek serving as President, and using the smaller, orig- inal logo. The Oakland chapter, at the time headed by Barger, used a larger version of the “Death’s Head” patch nicknamed the “Barger Larger”, which was first used in 1959. It later became the club standard. The Hells Angels are often depicted in semi-mythical romantic fashion like the 19th-century James-Younger Gang: free-spirited, iconic, bound by brotherhood and loyalty. At other times, such as in the 1966 Roger Cor- man film The Wild Angels, they are depicted as violent and nihilistic, little more than a violent criminal gang and This B-17F, tail number 41-24577, was named Hell’s Angels af- a scourge on society.[19] ter the 1930 Howard Hughes movie about World War I fighter pilots.[10][11] The club became prominent within, and established its notoriety as part of, the 1960s counterculture move- The Hells Angels were started on March 17, 1948, by ment in San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury scene, playing a the Bishop family, American war immigrants in Fontana, part at many of the movement’s seminal events. Mem- California[12] followed by an amalgamation of former bers were directly connected to many of the counter- members from different motorcycle clubs, such as the culture’s primary leaders, such as Ken Kesey and the Pissed Off Bastards of Bloomington.[13][14] The Hells Merry Pranksters, Allen Ginsberg, Jerry Garcia and the Angels’ website[15] denies the suggestion that any misfit Grateful Dead, Timothy Leary, The Beatles, The Rolling or malcontent troops are connected with the motorcycle Stones, Mick Farren and Tom Wolfe. The club launched club. The website also notes that the name was suggested the career of "Gonzo" journalist Hunter S. Thomp- by Arvid Olsen, an associate of the founders, who had son.[20][21][22][23] served in the Flying Tigers’ “Hell’s Angels” squadron in Criminologist Karen Katz said in 2011 that the Hells An- China during World War II.[16] The name “Hell’s An- gels were the center of a moral panic in Canada involving gels” was inspired by the typical naming of American the media, politicians, law enforcement, and the public squadrons, or other fighting groups, with a fierce, death- that sensationalized the importance of isolated criminal defying title in World Wars I and II, e.g., the Flying Tigers acts.[24] (American Volunteer Group) in Burma and China fielded three squadrons of P-40s and the third Squadron was 1 2 3 INSIGNIA 2 Criminal activities and incidents 1 stand for the respective positions in the alphabet of H and A. These are used by friends and supporters of the Main article: Hells Angels MC criminal allegations and club in deference to club rules which purport to restrict incidents the wearing of Hells Angels imagery to club members. The diamond-shaped one-percenter patch is also used, Numerous police and international intelligence agen- displaying '1%' in red on a white background with a cies classify the Hells Angels as one of the “big four” red merrowed border. The term one-percenter is said motorcycle gangs, along with the Pagans, Outlaws, to be a response to the American Motorcyclist Associ- and Bandidos, and contend that members carry out ation (AMA) comment on the Hollister incident, to the widespread violent crimes, including drug dealing, traf- effect that 99% of motorcyclists were law-abiding citi- ficking in stolen goods, and extortion, and are involved zens and the last 1% were outlaws. The AMA has no in prostitution.[25][26] Members of the organization have record of such a statement to the press, and calls this story [31] continuously asserted that they are only a group of motor- apocryphal. cycle enthusiasts who have joined to ride motorcycles to- gether, to organize social events such as group road trips, fundraisers, parties, and motorcycle rallies, and that any crimes are the responsibility of the individuals who car- ried them out and not the club as a whole.[27][28] Members of the club have been accused of crimes and/or convicted in many host nations. 3 Insignia Insignia of the Hells Angels from Karlsruhe chapter, with the New York Hells Angels patch. '1%' patch Most members wear a rectangular patch (again, white The Hells Angels’ official website attributes the official background with red letters and a red merrowed border) “death’s head” insignia design to Frank Sadilek, past [29] identifying their respective chapter locations. Another president of the San Francisco chapter. The colors similarly designed patch reads “Hells Angels”. When and shape of the early-style jacket emblem (prior to applicable, members of the club wear a patch denot- 1953) were copied from the insignias of the 85th Fighter [29] ing their position or rank within the organization. The Squadron and the 552nd Medium Bomber Squadron. patch is rectangular and, similar to the patches described The Hells Angels utilize a system of patches similar to above, displays a white background with red letters and a military medals. Although the specific meaning of each red merrowed border. Some examples of the titles used patch is not publicly known, the patches identify specific are President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and or significant actions or beliefs of each biker.[30] The offi- Sergeant at Arms. This patch is usually worn above the cial colors of the Hells Angels are red lettering displayed 'club location' patch. Some members also wear a patch on a white background—hence the club’s nickname “The with the initials “AFFA”, which stands for “Angels For- Red and White”. These patches are worn on leather or ever; Forever Angels”, referring to their lifelong mem- denim jackets and vests. bership in the biker club (i.e., “once a member, always a Red and white are also used to display the number 81 on member”). many patches, as in “Support 81, Route 81”. The 8 and The book Gangs, written by Tony Thompson (a crime 3 correspondent for The Observer), states that Stephen and the lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice. Cunningham, a member of the Angels, sported a new As of December 2013, the Hells Angels sells its branded patch after he recovered from attempting to set a bomb, merchandise at a retail store in Toronto, Canada.[46] Over consisting of two Nazi-style SS lightning bolts below the seven years, it has defended its brand and label against use words 'Filthy Few'. Some law enforcement officials claim in clothes, jewelry, posters, and yo-yos.[46] that the patch is only awarded to those who have commit- ted, or are prepared to commit murder on behalf of the club. According to a report from the R. v. Bonner and Lindsay case in 2005 (see related section below), another 4 Membership patch, similar to the 'Filthy Few' patch is the 'Dequiallo' patch. This patch “signifies that the wearer has fought law enforcement on arrest.”[32] There is no common conven- tion as to where the patches are located on the members’ jacket/vest. 3.1 Intellectual property rights In March 2007 the Hells Angels filed suit against the Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group alleging that the film entitled Wild Hogs used both the name and distinc- tive logo of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation without permission.[33] The suit was eventually volun- tarily dismissed,[34] after the Angels received assurances from Disney that the references would not appear in the film.[35] In October 2010 the Hells Angels filed a lawsuit against Alexander McQueen for “misusing its trademark winged death heads symbol”[36] in several items from its Au- tumn/Winter 2010 collection. The lawsuit is also aimed at Saks Fifth Avenue and Zappos.com, which stock the jacquard box dress and knuckle duster ring which bear the symbol which has been used since at least 1948 and is protected by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.[37] A handbag and scarf was also named in lawsuit.[38] The lawyer representing Hells Angels claimed “This isn't just about money, it’s about membership.
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