Watershed Assessment Tool

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Miss R-Headwaters Miss R-Headwaters Wild Rice River Miss R-Headwaters Mean Watershed Crow Wing River 65 54 63 Health Scores WATERSHED HEALTH ASSESSMENT SCORES 44 70 Leech Lake River 84 79 68 46 64 Mean (average) Health Score 62 42 54 63 73 78 68 Minimum Health Index Score 60 69 69 9 Buffalo River 48 68 Minimum Health Index: Miss R-Grand Rapids 40 57 Biology - Habitat Quality 69 59 6663 65 Health Score 51 62 67 41 58 Watershed Assessment Tool 64 64 64 0 - 20 63 http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/watershed_tool 67 45 59 21 - 40 45 61 62 Pine River 50 51 58 Crow Wing River 53 49 59 41 - 60 46 50 42 61 - 80 47 45 44 50 46 81 - 100 54 43 45 Otter Tail River 48 48 49 55 48 45 49 50 47 63 44 43 43 54 NLCD 2001 - Land Cover Redeye River 45 45 49 47 4760 44 Open Water Watershed Health Scores compare and rank various aspects of ecological health Developed Miss R-Brainerd across Minnesota. Index values are based on a variety of data sources, calculations Forest and scientific approaches. Each index is scored on a scale from 0 to 100, with 0 being Grassland Long Prairie River Rum River the least desirable result or condtion to 100 being the best existing condition or most Pasture/Hay Pomme de Terre River desirable result. Major watershed scale rankings may mask the range of conditions Cultivated Crops Chippewa River that occur at more local scales. A high score may indicate the least impacted condition Wetlands 0 42Miles Miss R-Sartell in Minnesota, not necessarily a healthy condition. COMPONENT SCORES HYDROLOGY GEOMORPHOLOGY BIOLOGY CONNECTIVITY WATER QUALITY Mean (Ave.) 84 Mean (Ave.) 63 Mean (Ave.) 41 Mean (Ave.) 41 Mean (Ave.) 79 Minimum Index 74 Minimum Index 24 Minimum Index 9 Minimum Index 14 Minimum Index 58 INDEX SCORES INDEX SCORES INDEX SCORES INDEX SCORES INDEX SCORES Soil Erosion Terrestrial Habitat Terrestrial Habitat Perennial Cover 84 79 9 15 Non-Point Source 82 Susceptibility Quality Connectivity Impervious Cover 92 * Point Source 96 Groundwater Stream Species 55 Aquatic Connectivity 14 * Withdrawal 94 * 24 Storage Susceptibility Assessments 58 75 Species Richness 58 Riparian 94 Flow Variability 74 Climate Connectivity 88 At-Risk Species 40 Vulnerability Richness Metric Sub-Scores Metric Sub-Scores Metric Sub-Scores Storage: Aquatic Connectivity: Non-Point Source: Stream/Ditch Ratio 53 Bridges/Culverts 21 Nutrient Application 94 Surface storage 97 Dams 7 Riparian Impervious 69 *These index values are influenced by very low scores associated with dense urban use of resources. This gives comparatively high scores for outstate Minnesota. Viewing input data is necessary to evaluate possible watershed scale concerns. November, 2011.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Minnesota River at Belle Plaine Low Point Staff Gauge Ucoop 735
Report Date: 09/20/2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NWSLI CITY AZRAN ST COUNTY LAT (DMS) LON(DMS) LAT(DD) LON(DD) STNTYPE WFO DETAIL PROGRAM PROGRAM ID ELEV --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AADM5 ADA MN NORMAN 47 18 00N 096 31 00W 47.3000 -96.5167 WOS FGF UCOOP 906 ADAM5 ADA MN NORMAN 47 18 00N 096 31 00W 47.3000 -96.5167 WOS FGF COOPAB 21-0018 906 ADEM5 ADA 3E MN NORMAN 47 18 00N 096 26 00W 47.3000 -96.4333 WOS FGF UCOOP ADSM5 ADA 2S MN NORMAN 47 15 45N 096 30 03W 47.2625 -96.5008 WOS FGF WILD RICE RVR NR ADA GOES 5531C28E UCOOP AWNM5 ADA 1N MN NORMAN 47 19 16N 096 30 50W 47.3211 -96.5139 WOS FGF ADA NDAWN MESO-ST 78 910 ADOM5 ADOLPH 1N MN ST. LOUIS 46 47 56N 092 16 51W 46.7989 -92.2808 WOS DLH UCOOP ADRM5 ADRIAN MN NOBLES 43 37 57N 095 56 32W 43.6325 -95.9422 WOS FSD UCOOP 1650 AFTM5 AFTON 2NNW MN WASHINGTON 44 55 24N 092 47 31W 44.9234 -92.7920 WOS MPX AFTON 2 NNW UCOOP 840 AIT AITKIN MN AITKIN 46 32 54N 093 40 36W 46.5483 -93.6767 WOS DLH AWOS AITM5 AITKIN 2E MN AITKIN 46 31 33N 093 40 03W 46.5257 -93.6674 WOS DLH AITKIN 2E COOPAB 21-0059 1215 Report Date: 09/20/2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NWSLI CITY AZRAN ST COUNTY LAT (DMS) LON(DMS) LAT(DD) LON(DD) STNTYPE WFO DETAIL PROGRAM PROGRAM ID ELEV ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Show full text]
A STATE WATER TRAIL GUIDE to the LONG PRAIRIE RIVER the LONG to TRAIL GUIDE WATER STATE a Creek 71 7 66 3
A STATE WATER TRAIL GUIDE TO THE LONG PRAIRIE RIVER 1010 73 210210 210210 210210 7575 11 210210 2323 7777 C 21 r 210210 9 ow Motley CASS CO. 210210 Wing 2929 73 210210 10 7575 73 River Hewitt 7 5 O. Inman Route Description of the Long Prairie River 71 68 WMA Lawrence 28 WMA TODD C NOTE: (R) and (L) represent right and left banks of the river when facing downstream. 7676 7272 RIVER MILE 28 2323 Staples PRAIRIE 11 MORRISONMO CO 7777 9 WMA 93.7 Lake Carlos State Park and lake outlet. 47.3 Riverside Drive bridge. 73 7 47.2 2 Campround and access. Railroad bridge. 24 93.4 Dam. 47.2 State Highway 71 bridge. 2323 10 7575 91.9 State Highway 29 bridge. 37.5 County Highway 90 bridge. 2121 Elmo WMA Moran 91.9(R) State Highway 29 carry in access. 34.2 (R) Carry in access, city of Browerville. 2424 2424 202202 2424 91.1 Miltona Carlos Road bridge. 33.0 County Highway 14 bridge. Bertha 66 28 LONG 89.3 Soo Line Railroad bridge. 29.1 County Highway 79 bridge. 74 Philbrook 86.4 County Highway 65 bridge. 27.9- Long Prairie State WMA. WMA 40 Shamin 84.0 County Highway 3 bridge. 24.0 74 15 eau Lake 79.9 County Highway 3 bridge. 26.0 (R) Long Prairie WMA carry in access. 1 County Highway 3 bridge. 21.9 77.1 Oak Ridge Road bridge. 7 72.7 County Highway 1 bridge. 19.0 400th Street bridge. Brook 66.9 County Highway 69 bridge.
[Show full text]
Along the Mississippi from Rice Lake to Boom Lake
Along the Mississippi from Rice Lake to Boom Lake by Ann M. Nelson August 9, 2018 Introduction Throughout the early days of Brainerd, the Mississippi river served as the highway for the millions and millions of logs driven to the sawmills of Minneapolis prior to the establishment of large sawmills on the river in Brainerd. The river acted as a storage area for the logs that were to remain in the city to be milled in its sawmills. Steamboats plied the river carrying equipment and other supplies to the logging camps of the northern woods as well as providing pleasure excursions for the citizens of Brainerd before the dam was completed in 1888. Much of the water used in homes and businesses was provided by the river until 1920 when the city completed the water tower and the system of wells which finally provided clean, uncontaminated water to Brainerd citizens. Over the years, numerous bridges were built over the Mississippi at Brainerd, ferries carried passengers across the river; parks, as well as sawmills, breweries and hospitals were located along its banks. Even Evergreen Cemetery is located near the river. For years, property within the city of Brainerd located near the river was considered the most undesirable and this is where the “red light” district was located. Steamboats The early steamers on the Mississippi burned wood and were used mostly to haul men and supplies to the lumber camps that dotted the shores of the river. Although not as profitable, steamboat owners also operated excursions and hauled farm produce from and supplies to the few farms that had been established near the river.
[Show full text]
Crow Wing River Watershed TMDL (Wq-Iw8-45E)
Crow Wing River Watershed TMDL Quantification of the pollutant reductions needed to improve lake and stream water quality impairments due to excess phosphorus, excess bacteria, or high water temperature. August 2014 wq-iw8-45e Authors and contributors: Emmons & Olivier Resources, Inc: Meghan Jacobson, PhD Pat Conrad Camilla Correll Luke Nolby Sean Marczewski Etoile Jensen Annie Weeks Bonnie Finnerty, MPCA Kevin Stroom, MPCA Mark Evenson, MPCA John Erdmann, PhD, PE, MPCA Doug Kingsley and Mike Kelly, Park Rapids MN DNR-Fisheries Darrin Hoverson, Park Rapids MN DNR-Ecological and Water Resources (Area Hydrologist) Anne Oldakowski, Wadena SWCD Melissa Barrick, Crow Wing SWCD Julie Kingsley and Melissa Koebernick, Hubbard SWCD Sibley Lake Assocation Mayo Lake Association Blueberry Lake Association Twin Lakes Association Crow Wing River Watershed TMDL • August 2014 Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Table of Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... vii TMDL SUMMARY TABLE ......................................................................................................... ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................
[Show full text]
Map of the Mississippi River State Water Trail from Brainerd to Little Falls
© 2019, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources MISSISSIPPI RIVER ABOUT THE WATER TRAIL CONTACTS STATE WATER TRAIL In this section, the Mississippi River flows out of forest and wetlands and into a narrow valley surrounded DNR INFORMATION CENTER 500 Lafayette Rd. by sandplains. Below the confluence with the Nokasippi River, the Mississippi flows through a flat valley MAP 6 - BRAINERD TO LITTLE FALLS St. Paul, MN 55155-4040 bordered by hills. You’ll see vegetation along the shoreline and farmland beyond. Riffles are present at (888) 646-6367 Pipe Island and downriver to the State Highway 115 bridge. These riffles are made by rock bars that [email protected] create small standing waves. Navigating the riffles is difficult for even the smallest boat’s motor. DNR REGION 2 On the west side of the river, the Camp Ripley Military Reservation extends 18 miles downstream of the HEADQUARTERS Grand Rapids, MN 55744 Crow Wing River confluence. The land is owned by the State of Minnesota and managed by the (218) 328-8980 Minnesota Department of Military Affairs. Islands along the river corridor owned by Camp Ripley are open to public recreational use. Access to the Camp Ripley Training Center is not allowed from any point CROW WING STATE PARK along the Mississippi or Crow Wing rivers. 3124 State Park Road Brainerd, MN 56401 (218) 825-3075 Hazards include dams. Be aware of their locations and know where to portage. You’ll pass many islands on this section of the river. mndnr.gov/crowwing CHARLES A. LINDBERGH STATE PARK TRIP PLANNING AND SAFETY WATERCRAFT CAMPING 1615 Lindbergh Drive South Little Falls, MN 56345 • Plan your trip with a map before you leave.
[Show full text]
Red River of the North “A Winding Journey to History
RED RIVER OF THE NORTH “A WINDING JOURNEY TO HISTORY” Headwaters at Breckenridge, Minnesota, U.S.A. By NEOMA A. LAKEN 2010 CONTENTS WELCOME FOREWORD INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 General Information CHAPTER 2 Prehistoric Heritage CHAPTER 3 Converging Rivers CHAPTER 4 Steamboats, Flatboats & Barges CHAPTER 5 Graham’s Point, Pre-1819 Trading Post CHAPTER 6 Red River Oxcarts CHAPTER 7 Fort Abercrombie, Dakota Territory CHAPTER 8 Sister River Cities: Breckenridge, MN Wahpeton, ND CHAPTER 9 Red River of the North Flooding CHAPTER 10 Flora and Fauna CHAPTER 11 Renewed Vision for the Red River of the North EPILOG REFERENCES - 2 - WELCOME... Breckenridge, Wilkin County, Minnesota, United States of America, and Wahpeton, Richland County, North Dakota, United States of America, welcome you to the Red River of the North. Some of the information contained comes from the records in the office of the County Recorder, in the Wilkin County Courthouse, Breckenridge MN. Some is local historical lore passed on to generations throughout the years and told to the author. While yet other information is a meshing of historical facts. As with the telling of any history, sagas differ slightly with the various perspectives of the authors. I hope you will find your visit to the Red River of the North a pleasant one. Enjoy your visit . and come back soon! Neoma A. Laken, Author 108 North 15th Street Breckenridge, Minnesota 56520 United States of America All rights in and to this book reserved by author. No portion may be reprinted without permission. Additional copies of this book are available from River Keepers, 325 7th St South, Fargo, ND 58103, www.riverkeepers.org for a cost of $10.
[Show full text]
Crow Wing River State Water Trail
A S TAT E WAT E R T R A I L G U I D E TO T H E CROW W I N G R I V E R Paul Bunyan State Forest 50 120 34 Route Description of the Crow W ing River 105 64 Chippewa National Forest 25 NOTE: (R) and (L) represent right and left banks of the river when facing downstream. No rth Count ry 11th. 23 National Potato Lake Dam portage Scenic Trail RIVER MILE: 85 right 25 yards AKLEY 86 119.0 11th Crow Wing Lake is divided by Hwy. 64. Mostly lake paddling to the Big Sand Lake southTrail end of 5th Crow Wing Lake. 2 10th. 5 Akeley City Park Akeley City Park trailer access, campground, drinking water and rest area. River channel narrows, may be l 118.0 i overgrown with vegetation a 40 Trail 9th. 115 r The lake can also be accessed at the Akeley City Park. T 18 117.2 (L) Dam, portage left 25 yards around a small dam where the lake joins the e 49 t 71 34 12 4 a CrowWing River. River channel is narrow, may be overgrown with t Mann 64 L 71 S vegetation between lakes.Baby 18 82 Foot Tenmile 5 NEVIS n 117.0 FootWebb Bridge Portage. The river ﬂows under the Heartland State Trail Heartland State 18 Lake a L Fish Hook Dam portage 8th. y trestle, then through a culvert under Hwy. 34 into a marshy area. Lake 6 n DORSET right 75 yards u Trailer access on 10th Crow Wing Lake.
[Show full text]
Brainerd Area
R34W R33W R32W R31W R30W R0W R29W R0W R28W R27W R26W R25W R25W R27W R26W R25W R24W 95°0'0"W 94°55'0"W 94°50'0"W 94°45'0"W 94°40'0"W 94°35'0"W 94°30'0"W 94°25'0"W 94°20'0"W 94°15'0"W 94°10'0"W 94°5'0"W 94°0'0"W 93°55'0"W 93°50'0"W 93°45'0"W 93°40'0"W 93°35'0"W 93°30'0"W 93°25'0"W 93°20'0"W Steamboat River Blandin Dam Trout 1 6 1 6 1 6 6 Sugar Point Bog 1 6 1 6 Poole Bay 47°13'55"N Little Bear Creek 1 6 La Prairie Laporte Bear River 1 159 Buffalo Creek Garfield Swamp Goose Vermillion River Meyers Bay 146 501 Rice 190 Lake George 320 Battleground State Forest Leighton Brook Prairie RiverGunn 47°11'55"N MN12 304 326 Rice 170 George 219 36 31 Sugar Bay GPZ T55N 36 31 36 31 36 Elevenmile Corner 119 Steamboat Bay 47°11'55"N Bemidji Area Kabekona RiverGulch Creek Salter Bay 129 Skunk Brook Sugar Brook King Bay 412 Boy Bay Boy River 1 6 100 T143N 1 6 1 6 1 Dan Dick Creek Pokegama Blackberry 47°9'55"N 220 212 ¤£2 36 31 Y49 Boy River Kabekona Benedict 36 36 31 Welshes Bay 36 31 Sucker Branch 36 31 36 31 Sherry Arm Bay 47°9'55"N 36 31 Philbin 1 36 31 Sugar 6 Kabekona River 6 36 Siseebakwet 1 6 1 6 1 Traders Bay Leech EWM 1 6 Wendigo Arm Bay 47°7'55"N 1 6 1 6 9995 Kabekona Bay 1 Remer State Forest 370 T54N Baker 295 Deer River Area 47°7'55"N Big Thunder Peak Agency Bay Smith Creek B1 B2 Onigum Headquarters Bay Tobique 36 31 36 31 47°5'55"N Walker Walker Bay 36 31 36 T142N Boy Golden Anniversary State Forest 416 412 Loon Lake Dam 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 47°5'55"N 155 North Fork Willow River Kaylor Fishpond Dam Brevik Swift River 259 36 31 261 Uram Bay Emmaville
[Show full text]
Plate 1.--Streams, Subbasins, and Gaging Stations in the Redeye (Leaf
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Prepared in cooperation with U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION OPEN FILE REPORT 00-234 Island Ham Park Rapids Peysenske Lake Lake Gyles Lake Pine Lake Linbom Lake 34 Fifth Lake Osage Crow Wing Sixth Evans Lake Crow Wing Lake Valines Bass 34 Lake Tamarac Lake Lake Twentyfive Lake Shinker Tamarack Loon Lake Mud Lake Lake Lake Lake Holland-Lucy Lake Height Of Land Lake Sunday Lake Long Lake Little Hanson Stony Lake Lake Sivertson HUBBARD Lake Island Cotton Lake Hubbel Lake Lake Pond North Pickerel Stony Twin Lake Lake Big Fourth Ballard Crow WingLake Lake South Goose Brush Rochert Twin Lake Toad Lake Knutson Wolf Alvin Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake 34 Little Third Lake Shipman CrowLake Wing Lake Moran Tripp Sock Lake 87 Bladder Lake Mud Lake Lake Little Blueberry Lake Wettles Mud Lake Otter Lake Second Todd Lake Lake Island Crow Wing Lake Lake Branch Lake Hubbard First Lake Little Crow WingLake Goose Peninsula Round Lake Hinds Lake Little Long Lake Wolf Lake Lake Lake Lord Lake 1304200 Palmer Lake 71 MINNESOTA Wolf Lake Twin T 139 N Lakes T 138 N Duck Lake Bill Mud Hungry Lake Lake Lake 80 Lizzy Mud 70 71 Lake Redeye Lake 79 75 Midway 69 BECKER BlueberryLake 78 75 74 65 68 67 63 62 76 73 72 1 Lake Stocking 77 Katie Lake 66 87 61 Redeye7 River Basin 46°45' Spirit Menahga 59 Jim Cook 87 Lake Finn 60 Study Area 3 4 Collett Lake 2 Lake 8 Lake 9 95°15' 58 12 11 Rice Burgen 57 56 Lake Dead Lake Lake 13 5 10 35 Murphy Gray Mud Lake 34 Lake Lake 54 Indian River 14 36 Lake Creek 15 21 Keyes Silver
[Show full text]
Ghiver This Report Was Prepared By: L\1Anagelllent Lan the Wadena County Advisory Committee
ral Resources " nai · February 1977 ~ 16~ .e,o5 This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp (Funding for document digitization was provided, in part, by a grant from the Minnesota Historical & Cultural Heritage Program.) gHiver This report was prepared by: l\1anagelllent lan The Wadena County advisory committee: Emil Burgau Crow Wing River Tim Frieday Jan Holden Greg Kempf Harold Kinnunen Joyce Line Russel Nanik Abner Roche Hubert Schermerhorn Tom Schulz Jack Stigman Doug Swanson David Tellock Frances Tellock Jeanne Tellock Roger Tellock Chuck Winkels Rivers Section, Division of Parks and Recreation: Arne Steff erud, rivers project coordinator James Weseloh, rivers project leader Dale Homuth, rivers project leader Kathy Brandl, student intern Jane Harper, researcher Greg Breining, rivers project coordinator Michael Priesnitz, rivers coordinator I I' This management plan, prepared by the Minnesota Summary Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and an advisory board of Wadena County residents, recommends that the stretch of the Crow Wing River in Wadena County be included in the Minnesota Wild, Scenic and Recreational Rivers System. The DNR and county residents revised the plan after public meetings on the proposal in April. The DNR feels that the Crow Wing River qualifies for "Wild" and "Scenic" classifications under the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 197 3. The act was passed by the legislature to "preserve and protect" rivers with "outstanding scenic-, recreational, natural, historical, scientific and similar values." This report is divided into three major sections: Analysis, Management Plan and Appendix.
[Show full text]
Minnesota Rivers a Primer
Minnesota Rivers a primer Mary E. Renwick Susanna Eden Water Resources Center University of Minnesota Public Report Series #13 November 1999 Minnesota Rivers: a primer by Mary E. Renwick Susanna Eden Water Resources Center University of Minnesota This is Public Report #13 of the Water Resources Center. The following people provided suggestions for additions and deletions, as well as reviewed drafts of this report: Patrick Brezonik, Jim Anderson, Tracy Thomas, Barbara Liukkonen and Marcey Westrick. We greatly appreciate all their input. The development of this publication was supported in part by funds provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, and the Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, as authorized by the Water Resources Research and Development Act. Contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Department of the Interior, nor does mention of trade names of commercial products constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity employer and educator. Water Resources Center College of Natural Resources University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN 55108 ___________________________________________________________________________________Minnesota Rivers Contents Preface Chapter 1 River System Functions: A River Sciences Primer Introduction . .1 Basic Physical Components of the Stream Corridor: A Cross-Sectional View . .1 Stream Channel . .1 Moving Along the Stream Corridor: A Longitudinal View . .3 Structural Changes in the Stream Corridor from its Headwaters to Outlet . .3 Stream Order Models . .3 Longitudinal Changes in Stream Ecosystems . .4 Key Stream Processes and Other Important System Characteristics . .8 Hydrologic and Hydraulic Processes .
[Show full text]
Ojibwe Treaty Rights
Ojibwe Treaty Rights 3 2 Great Lakes Indian 7 Fish & Wildlife Commission 6 5 1 PO Box 9 Odanah, WI 54861 715.682.6619 4 11 9 10 www.glifwc.org 8 2018 cover.indd 1 9/20/18 9:13 AM Symbolic Petition of Chippewa Chiefs, 1849 During the late 1840s, rumors circulated that the Chippewa (Ojibwe) Indians who inhabited lands south of Lake Superior were destined to be removed from their homes and sent to territories west of the Mississippi River, now Minnesota. In 1849 a Chippewa delegation traveled to Washington to petition Congress and President James K. Polk to guarantee the tribe a permanent home in Wisconsin. These delegates carried this symbolic petition with them on their journey. The animal figures represent the various “doodems,” as determined by family lineage, whose representatives made the historic appeal. Other images represent some features of the tribe’s beloved north woods. Lines connect the hearts and eyes of the various doodems to a chain of wild rice lakes, signifying the unity of the delegation’s purpose. This pictograph, originally rendered by the Chippewa on the inner bark from a white birch tree, was redrawn by Seth Eastman and appears in Henry Rowe Schoolcraft’s Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the History, Condition, and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States, Vol. 1 (1851). The following legend details the pictograph’s numbered images and what they represent: 1. Osh-ca-ba-wis—Chief and leader of the delegation, representing the Crane doodem. 2. Wai-mi-tig-oazh—He of the Wooden Vessel, a warrior of the Marten doodem.
[Show full text]