SPATIAL PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

Koos Retief Biodiversity Area Manager: Blaauwberg T: 021 444 0315 E: [email protected]

B L A A U W B E R G N A T U R E R E S E R V E

QUARTERLY REPORT: JANUARY – MARCH 2020

CONTENTS Pg.

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 2

2 HIGHLIGHTS & CHALLENGES ...... 3

3 CONSERVATION PLANNING ...... 5

4 FLORA ...... 6

5 FAUNA ...... 9

6 SOIL ...... 12

7 WATER ...... 12

8 FIRE ...... 13

9 PEOPLE, TOURISM & EDUCATION ...... 14

10 STAFF ...... 18

11 LAW ENFORCEMENT ...... 19

12 INFRASTRUCTURE & EQUIPMENT ...... 20

APPENDIX A: MAPS OF THE NATURE RESERVE 23

APPENDIX B: VARIOUS MEDIA ...... 26 Figure 1. Map of Blaauwberg Nature Reserve.

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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, formerly referred to as the Blaauwberg Conservation Area (BCA), was conceptualised in the 1980s. In 1996, conservation area status in terms of the National Monuments Act (Act 28 of 1969) was conferred on public-owned portions of land, as well as a section of private land comprising the site of the Battle of Blaauwberg. A proposed boundary for the Nature Reserve was also gazetted. In 2000, the Blaauwberg Conservation Area Development and Management Plan (see Figure 2 below) with recommendations were approved by the then Cape Metropolitan Council and Blaauwberg Municipality. One of the key programmes in the plan was the Land Consolidation Programme, which has resulted in three of the five identified private landholdings having been incorporated into the BCA in 2002, 2005 and 2010, respectively. The Land Consolidation is now continuing under the Protected Area Expansion Programme. It was only in late 2003 when on-site Reserve Management was established. The placement of a Reserve Manager in the Nature Reserve by the City of Cape Town coincided with, and was made possible by, the receipt of Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) funding via the Cape Action for the People and Environment (C.A.P.E) programme. In 2006, the Western Cape Member of the Executive Council for Environmental Affairs and Development Planning granted approval for the establishment of the Blaauwberg Conservation Area Local Nature Reserve in P.N. 345/2006 dated 27 October 2006. The provincially-owned portions of the Nature Reserve were proclaimed as Blaauwberg Provincial Nature Reserve by means of P.N. 06/2007 dated 2 March 2007.

Many of the City’s nature reserves were not properly proclaimed or were proclaimed under old and outdated legislation. Following a Public Participation Process (PPP), Council resolved in June 2011 that the City’s Environmental Management Department could proceed with the process to proclaim the City’s 14 nature reserves, including Blaauwberg, in terms of the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, 2003 (Act 57 of 2003). The Provincial Minister of Local Government, Environmental Affairs and Development Planning in the Western Cape, Mr Anton Bredell, under section 23(1)(a)(i) of the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, (Act 57 of 2003), declared Blaauwberg Nature Reserve in the Provincial Gazette 7837 on Friday, 20 October 2017. The City of Cape Town manages both its own, and the provincially-owned land, as a single entity called Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. The Vision for the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve is to “conserve, protect and enhance the unique diversity of natural, historical and cultural resources of this area for the sustainable enjoyment and development of present and future generations through education.” The Mission of the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve is to, “through judicious land acquisition and the development of economically viable conservation and education-related facilities and activities, secure the protection of the entire area and ensure its long- term sustainability based on sound ecological and cultural values.” Figure 2. Blaauwberg Conservation Area Concept Plan, 2000.

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2 HIGHLIGHTS & CHALLENGES

2.1 HIGHLIGHT: An article about ecological burning of fynbos and renosterveld to preserve biodiversity was published on page 21 of the CONTACT magazine of February/March 2020 (the City of Cape Town’s staff newsletter). The Blaauwberg Nature Reserve’s Blaauwberg Hill contains some of the last remaining Swartland Shale Renosterveld (a Critically Endangered vegetation type) which has mostly been lost elsewhere due to agricultural practices that removed natural vegetation. Prior to modern farming, renosterveld plant species diversity was partly maintained through regular burning by semi-nomadic Khoi herders that burned the veld to regenerate grazing. Members of the Nature Reserve staff, who have been involved in planning, preparing, and executing the burning work were photographed at the top of the Blaauwberg Hill (see Figure 3 below).

Figure 3. Article in the CONTACT magazine.

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2.2 CHALLENGE: The Blaauwberg Nature Reserve’s public visitor facilities, including the Eerstesteen Resort and the Montispectus accommodation unit, was closed to the public from 18/03/2020. The President of the Republic of South Africa declared a national disaster on 15/03/2020 due to the spread of the COVID-19 (novel Coronavirus of 2019) into South Africa. The following Monday 16/03/2020 the Biodiversity Area Manager, Koos Retief, held a staff meeting to inform all employees at the Nature Reserve about the announced social distancing measures to limit the spread of the disease. Executive Mayor, Alderman Dan Plato, announced in a media release on 17/03/2020 that public facilities, including nature reserves, would close in order to assist in stopping the rapid spread of the pandemic through public spaces in the city. On 18/03/2020 the Nature Reserve staff posted notices and closed the access point at Eerstesteen Resrot. All planned meetings, activities and events in the Nature Reserves, including any accommodation reservations at Montispectus, were also cancelled. The closure impacted one beach wedding, one accommodation reservation, the Friends of BCA hacking group’s weekly field work, one battlefield interpretive walk, five educational hikes, one Foundation Backbone environmental education programme one Nature@heart environmental education programme, as well as the City Nature Challenge. On 23/03/2020 the President announced a mandatory nation-wide lockdown from 27/03/202 to 16/04/2020. The lockdown instructed people to remain at their place of residence for 21 days, except to travel to purchase necessary goods (food and medication), to collect social grants, or to perform essential services. Several restrictions were announced to control the movement of persons. Staff involved in performing essential services had to be issued with travel authorisation from the employer, and all organisations involved in essential service provision had to register on a national database. This was followed by an announcement that beaches are also no-go areas during the lockdown. Nature Reserve staff arranged with the Roads Department to place New Jersey barriers to barricade the beach access parking areas at Derdesteen, Kreeftebaai, Kelpbaai, Haakgat and Holbaai on 26/03/2020 (see Figure 4 below). In another media release it was announced however that City will continue with essential environmental and beach management during the lockdown. According to the regulations published in terms of the National Disaster Management Act various essential services have been identified, some of which are required in the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, including but not limited to, security, fire management, wildlife management, animal care, and veterinary services. Biodiversity Area Manager (Koos Retief) was issued with a travel authorisation in case travelling was required, but he was instructed to take a work laptop home to work remotely. Senior Field Ranger (Gavin Olivier) who lives in Council accommodation, was issued with a 4x4 vehicle as well as with travel authorisation in order to provide essential services on the ground. All other Nature Reserve staff, including EPWP workers were instructed to stay home during the lockdown period. Security service providers at Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, including G-force Security, Quemic Africa, and G4Security, also had to register as essential service providers. G-force Security provides a 24-hour point guard service at the Eerstesteen Resort entrance which had to continue during the lockdown. Quemic Africa provides a 24-hour 4x4 mobile integrity team as well as a foot-patrol ranger service that also had to continue during the lockdown. G4Security collects cash income at the Eerstesteen Cash office, but this service was temporarily stopped due to no cash being collected at Eerstesteen Resort since the closure. At the time of writing this report, the Nature Reserve facilities remained closed to the public.

Figure 4. New Jersey barrier at Derdesteen parking area during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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3 CONSERVATION PLANNING

3.1 The public participation process for the proposed nomination of the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve as a Provincial Heritage Site in terms of section 27 of the National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999) has run its course. Heritage Western Cape undertook a 60-day stakeholder commenting period from 11/09/2019. The inputs received during the public participation process were reported to be generally supportive. Heritage Western Cape’s Inventories, Grading and Interpretation Committee (IGIC) met on 7/02/2020 and recommended that the nomination as well as the draft Gazette Notice of the proposed proclamation of the Provincial Heritage Site be submitted to their Council for approval.

BACKGROUND The archaeological, historical and cultural heritage of the nature reserve is both rich and varied, adding immensely to its value and its contribution to regional diversity on a landscape scale. Regarded as an area of historical and cultural significance, more than 25 sites have been recorded and mapped within and adjacent to the Nature Reserve. The rich cultural and historical tapestry of the area spans various periods of history, as described below. Stone Age Early maritime history Battle of Blaauwberg (1806) Late Stone Age deflated sites with Shipwrecks on the bottom of the The site of the Battle of Blaauwberg Stone Age tools, pottery and ostrich Atlantic Ocean in Table Bay dating (1806) is located on the old egg shells were found east of back to the mid-17th century represent Blaauwbergsvlei farm, to the east of Blaauwberg Hill on Joyce’s Dairy Farm. an important period of the early Kleinberg. On 26 January 1996 the Khoisan maritime history of South Africa and Blaauwberg battlefield site and Europe. A number of forts and trading adjacent subsections of land were Shell middens and archaeological outposts were established during the designated as a conservation area remains along the coastline as well as to Dutch East India Company period. in terms of the National Monuments the east of Blaauwberg Hill are Act. testament to the indigenous Khoikhoi The Riet Valley outpost was also used as communities who once inhabited this a camp for the Khoikhoi regiment during The battle marked the start of the landscape. Small caves located in the the first British occupation of the Cape second British occupation of the vegetated kloofs of Blaauwberg Hill (1795–1803). Blaauwberg Vlei is an Cape and the final end of Dutch apparently served as lookout points to historic ‘outspan’ and stopover on the rule. Casualties of war were buried in the Khoikhoi, to alert them to ships old wagon route between Cape Town the dunes in grave sites yet to be coming into Table Bay. and the West Coast. located.

World War II This archaeological and historical heritage is a sensitive, fragile and non- The World War II buildings on top of renewable cultural resource. Large-scale development from Bloubergstrand to Blaauwberg Hill still stand and are of Melkbosstrand has already resulted in the loss of many archaeological and historical significance. historical sites, including shell middens, forts and trading outposts. In addition to an artillery post, diesel The effective management and conservation of the cultural, historical, station, accommodation and mess archaeological and paleontological heritage are essential to conserve the building, South Africa’s first radar station historical character and characteristics of the area for future generations. can be seen here.

3.2 The Protected Area Advisory Committee for Blaauwberg Nature Reserve had its 17th meeting on 17/01/2020. The meeting was attended by 10 representatives from three organisations, including: Eskom Holdings, CCT: Environmental Management Department, and the Friends of Blaauwberg Conservation Area. Mr Stephen Granger from the City’s Environmental Management Department was set to retire at the end of January and this was therefore his last meeting at the Advisory Committee. Mr Granger was the guest speaker and gave a presentation of the history of the development of the Blaauwberg Conservation Area up to the current Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. The Friends of BCA presented Mr Granger with a parting gift. The next meeting was scheduled for 17 April 2020, but due to the closure of the City of Cape Town’s Nature Reserves, the meeting was provisionally postponed to 17 July 2020, subject to further notice.

The objective of the Advisory Committee is to facilitate PAACs are mandated to give advice and input on interaction, communication, engagement and the strategies, management plans and reports, as well as development of partnerships with stakeholders and monitor progress of implementation, promote involvement surrounding communities to promote the objectives of the in decision-making and facilitate linkages and integration nature reserves and natural areas. of nature reserves with surrounding communities.

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4 FLORA

4.1 Invasive Flora Management

4.1.1 The Friends of Blaauwberg Conservation Area (FoBCA) hack team, under the leadership of Mr Eddie Heimann, conducted initial and follow-up clearing of invasive alien vegetation on the following dates:  07, 14, 21, and 28 January 2020, totalling 53 person hours;  04, 11, and 25 February 2020, totalling 43 persons hours; and  16 March 2020, totalling 15 person hours. The group’s field work was halted during the nation-wide lockdown to stop the spread of COVID-19.

4.1.2 A site meeting was held at Management Blocks BCA018 on 19/02/2020 with colleagues from the Invasive Species Unit to discuss the allocation of follow-up clearing contracts with Workiong for Water funding. The follow-up clearing is required in blocks that were previously cleared as part of the continued and ongoing research into the restoration of the Cape Flats sand fynbos. Mfundo Tafeni, Head: Invasive Species, indicated that they had awaded contracts for the follow-up clearing work to be done in BCA018, but that this work would only resume once lockdown regulations are lifted. At the time of writing this report, the work has been placed on hold due to the nation-wide lockdown.

4.1.3 Initial clearing of invasive alien vegetation was conducted by JS Invasive Control Services in 24 hectare blocks in management section BCA019 (130.22 ha) (see Figure 5-6 right). Four hectares were clearedin March, and 5 hectares were scheduled to be cleared in April, but due to the currecnt nation-wide lockdown, the clearing will also only resume once the lockdown is lifted. The clearing is funded from a R333,400 allocation by the Hans Hoheisen Charitable Trust (HHCT) (hoheisentrust.org/grants.php) in partnership with the Wilderness Foundation Africa (www.wildernessfoundation.co.za/). Funding is also set aside for follow-up clearing in the following two years. The work forms part of the Cape Flats Sand Fynbos Restoration Research project (see Figure 6 Figure 5. Layout of research blocks. below).

Biodiversity Network Coordinator, Jacques van der Merwe, handled the administration tasks for the project on behalf of the City. The HHCT’s primary project at the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve is “Biodiversity Conservation by means of applying best-practice guidelines for active restoration in critically endangered Cape lowland vegetation.” This clearing work addresses Objective 1 which is to clear invasive alien trees (Acacia saligna) from a portion of the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. Objective 2 is to collect, store, pre-treat and sow sufficient indigenous seeds to support active restoration and research in the lowland Sand Fynbos at the Nature

Reserve. Figure 6. Aerial photograph of initial invasive vegetation clearing in the research blocks.

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4 FLORA – continued

4.2 Flora Restoration and Rehabilitation

4.2.1 The Hans Hoheisen Charitable Trust committed almost R400,000 in 2019 to promote further management and research in the Cape Flats Sand Fynbos Restoration Project at the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. R333,400 was committed for initial invasive alien vegetation clearing and R53,000 for seed collecting, cleaning, sorting, treatment and in-field sowing. The progress with the invasive alien vegetation clearing in the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve is reported under point 4.1.3 Initial clearing of invasive alien vegetation. Initially there were delays in the seed-collecting component due to difficulty of getting permission to access private properties to source seeds from intact fynbos plants. Accommodations were made to collect seed from various city- and state-owned properties, such as an Eskom power-line servitude (see Figure 7 below).

One of the largest remaining remnants of Cape Flats sand fynbos (about 500 hectares) occurs in the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. Cape Flats sand fynbos is a critically endangered vegetation type with only 11% of the historic distribution remaining, much of which is in a degraded condition. This fynbos has a high number of endemics (16 species) and a very high number of Red Listed species (147 species). This area was found under very dense alien vegetation invasion, including Australian wattles such as Acacia saligna (Port Jackson Willow), Acacia cyclops (Rooikrans), as well as Leptospermum laevigataum (Australian Myrtle), Hakea, and various Eucalyptus species. Figure 7. Seed collecting from fynbos species.

Restoration ecology is the study and management of the recovery of ecosystems that have been degraded, damaged, or destroyed. Invasion biology is the study and management of human-mediated introductions of organisms. Both these applied disciplines emerged in the mid-20th century, with a focus on conservation and management. In ecosystems which are vulnerable to, and severely degraded by invasions, such as Cape Flats sand fynbos, this synergy is particularly important. A large-scale ecological restoration project was initiated by Biodiversity Management on the lower Eastern slopes and flats of Blaauwberg Hill. Over 400 hectares of dense alien vegetation is being cleared, and restored to the original Cape Flats sand fynbos that occurred there before the alien invasion took place. The removal of alien species commenced in September 2012 and an experimental area of 76 hectares was cleared by March 2013. Four alien clearance treatments were trialled in one-hectare plots, including:  Fell and burn blocks in early autumn with high fuel loads versus low fuel loads, and  Fell and stack brush piles for burning with high fuel loads versus low fuel loads. The block burn was done on 4 April 2013 and the brush pile stacks were burnt in July 2013. This project includes a research component that resulted from collaborations between the Millennium Seed Bank Project (MSB) of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Garden, Stellenbosch University and City of Cape Town, initiated by the Fynbos Forum. More recently the Hans Hoheisen Charitable Trust has also partnered to promote further research in this ecosystem. Some of the studies undertaken do date include an investigation into optimal restoration treatments and testing ecological theory relating to thresholds of degradation, and investigation into seed ecology of species during active restoration, as well as studies on small mammal ecology, soil microbial ecology and alien follow- up clearance methods. The results have been published and have been fed directly back to management and, in this case, optimal restoration interventions.

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4 FLORA – continued

4.3 Indigenous Flora Management & Monitoring

4.3.1 Blaauwberg Nature Reserve conserves three highly threatened lowland vegetation types:  Cape Flats dune strandveld (Endangered),  Swartland shale renosterveld (Critically Endangered), and  Cape Flats sand fynbos (Critically Endangered). The combination of these vegetation types are seldom found in a single protected area. Over 620 plant species have been identified, of which more than 40 are considered to be threatened with extinction.

4.3.2 The Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers (CREW) at Blaauwberg Nature Reserve have been recording plant records from the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve since 2013. An annotated plant species list of over 200 species is maintained with records from their field visits. CREW’s most recent field trips included:  08/01/2020: Melkbosstrand Conservation Area  27/01/2020: The Friend's Patch and the silcrete hill in Blaauwberg Hil Section  31/01/2020: Horse Trails and south along the dunes  27/02/2020: Phase 2 baseline survey of cleared plots in the Cape Flats sand fynbos resotration area.  06/03/2020: The ephemeral pan in the most South Eastern area of the Blaauwberg Hill Section. 4.3.3 Twelve pairs of vegetation monitoring plots are established in the Nature Reserve for the long-term monitoring of vegetation change over time. Six pairs of plots are exclusion plots and the other six pairs are open to grazing and browsing by Eland and Red hartebeest. This monitoring is intended to objectively determine the vegetation condition in relation to grazing pressure. The vegetation monitoring plots are monitored at six months, twelve months, two years and three years intervals. This monitoring will provide invaluable information about veld condition, in relation to utilization, and is thus highly recommended as a basis for informed decision making about pasture condition and carrying capacity.

4.3.4 Some of the botanical diversity of the the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve is illustrated below:

Figure 8. Flowering Brunsvigia orientalis. Figure 9. Brunsvigia with its flowers eaten off by herbivores.

Figure 10. Haemanthus coccineus. Figure 11. Asparagus rubicundus. Figure 12. Gethyllis ciliaris.

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5 FAUNA

5.1 Fauna – Indigenous Fauna Management

5.1.1 Five eland (Taurotragus oryx) that used to reside at the Rondevlei Section of the False Bay Nature Reserve, as part of the Gantouw Project, were relocated to Elandsberg Private Nature Reserve, in Wellington, on 28/01/2020 (see Figures 13-14). Area Manager (Koos Retief), Assistant Conservation Officer (Johan Matthee), and Veterinarian & Urban Wildlife Specialist (Dr Dorothy Breed), assisted with the transport of the five eland. One of the game trailers used to tranport the animals belongs to Blaauwberg Nature Reserve.

Figure 14. Getting transport trailers ready in the boma. Figure 13. Off-loading an eland at Elansdberg Nature Reserve.

The experience of translocating large game such as eland is very valuable for staff at Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, which also has large game species that might require handling at times. A Professional Driver Permit (PrDP) and a specific driving license category is required to draw game trailers.

5.1.2 Four steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) were captured on private property belonging to Garden Cities and were relocated to Groot Phesantekraal farm in Durbanville on 27/01/2020. The property was being cleared for development and Garden Cities approached the City of Cape Town for assistance to prevent the animals from getting injured. Various staff from the Biodiversity Management Branch, including staff from Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, as well as Veterinarian & Urban Wildlife Specialist (Dr Dorothy Breed) assisted with the capture and relocation. CapeNature advised that the best location to relocate the animals to was the nearest natural space which was the Groot Phesanekraal farm. See Appendix B for articles in the local press. Figure 15. Transport crates containing two steenbok each.

Assisting with capturing and relocating of game is a very valuable learning experience for staff at Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, which also has various game species that might require management at times.

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5 FAUNA – continued

5.1 Fauna – Indigenous Fauna Management – continued

5.1.3 Quemic Africa conducted a remote-controlled drone survey at the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve on 13/02/2020. The drone was equiped with state-of-the-art heat sensing detectors that were coupled with high definition visual displays. The camera is able to record a thermal map of the ground surface in real-time, and relay the information back to anoperator on the ground who uses software that recognises the thermal “imprints” of large animals on the ground. This technology can be used in the management and monitoring of large game, whether at day or night. The results are however not so promising when animals move into very thick vegetated areas since the plants tend to mask the termal radiation of animals. Various staff from the Biodiversity Management Branch and the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve assisted in the survey.

Figure 16. The operator of the drone. Figure 17. The drone landing after a survey.

5.1.4 Some fauna observations during this quarter:  a deceased fiery-necked nightjar (Caprimulgus pectoralis) at the Blaauwberg Hill (see Figure 18 right),  an olive house snake (Lycodonomorphus inornatus) that had eaten a gecko at Eerstesteen Resort (see Figure 19 below), and  scat that seems to be from a caracal. This sighting can be corroborated by recent anecdotal reports of caracal sightings in the Blaauwberg Hill Section. Figure 18. Fiery-necked nightjar (Caprimulgus pectoralis).

Figure 19. Olive house snake (Lycodonomorphus inornatus). Figure 20. Possibly caracal scat.

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5 FAUNA – continued

5.1 Fauna – Indigenous Fauna Management – continued

5.1.5 African black oystercatcher (Haematopus moquini) (Conservation status: Near Threatened) were surveyed again during this quarter. The numbers of birds ranged from 61 to 72 per survey while the number of breeding pairs peaked at 18, but the most eggs seen in one survey was four and the number of juveniles seen peaked at five. The majority of nests and eggs were between Kelpbaai and the dunes at Melkbos Culture Centre near Melkbosstrand. The locations of nests and eggs were mapped using GIS (see Figure 21 right). Some eggs observed during the surveys were damaged, cracked or discarded along the beach. This is a sign of distubrance by various agents, some of which may be man-made, or by pets. February was the first month that juveniles were seen, with two new hatchlings seen running around with their parents on the beach near Kelpbaai. There was a decline in the number of breeding pairs as the season progressed although the number of nests and eggs have seen no significant drop in frequency through the season. The data will be analysed once the breeding season has ended to determine when breeding peaked as well as the most successful nesting sites.

The impact of vehicles on breeding and nesting oystercatchers was one of the reasons why off-road vehicles were banned from beaches in South Africa. Figure 21. Oystercatcher nesting hotspots.

5.1.6 Herds of Taurotragus oryx (eland) and Alcelaphus buselaphus caama (red hartebeest) are monitored in the Blaauwberg Hill Section. The red hartebeest herd is numbered at six, but they are split into two smaller groups. One herd consists of four red hartebeest, while the other two red hartebeest move around separately. The eland herd now consists of 24 animals, having multiplied from an introduced starting population of eight animals. Plans are in place to relocate some of the eland in order to manage their population growth.

Figure 22. Part of the eland herd at the Blaauwberg Hill.

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6 SOIL

6.1 Internal management roads have been affected by heavy rains towards the end of 2019, causing gully erosion on sections with steep inclines. The affected roads include the old Military Access Road to the Blaauwberg Hill. Reserve staff conducted maintenance to the roads (see 12. INFRASTRUCTURE & EQUIPMENT).

7 WATER

7.1 Rainfall

7.1.1 Rainfall recorded in the Blaauwberg Nature 450 Reserve during this quarter amounted to:  16.0 mm at Eerstesteen Resort, and 400  13.0 mm at Blaauwberg Hill. 350 Figure 23 (right) indicates the accumulation of rainfall in 2020 plotted over the average accumulation 300 curve. These amounts are below the average rainfall accumulation for both sites. 250

Figure 24 (below) indicates the monthly rainfall 200 records of Eerstesteen and Blaauwberg Hill in 2020 plotted over the average rainfall pattern. January 150 and March received less than average rainfall. Site selection of rainfall gauges depends on the ability 100 of the Management Authority to sustainably service and record rainfall at each gauge. At this time, 50 rainfall gauges are positioned at Eerstesteen Resort 0 and Blaauwberg Hill. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec The rainfall measurement will provide an accurate picture of the rainfall over the full extent of the area. Ave Eerstesteen Ave BBG Hill Rainfall records are needed to help interpret changes Eerstesteen Blaauwberg Hill in vegetation and wildlife movements, and to help make informed decisions about wildlife population Figure 23. Rainfall accumulation curves in 2020 plotted over the management. average accumulation curves.

120

100

80

60

40

20

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Ave Eerstesteen Ave BBG Hill Eerstesteen Blaauwberg Hill

Figure 24. Monthly rainfall records of Eerstesteen and the Blaauwberg Hill in 2020 plotted over the average rainfall pattern.

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8 FIRE

8.1 Fire – Preparation and Planning

8.1.1 All firebreaks and fire protection measures were maintained in good working order during this quarter.

The National Veld and Forest Fire Act, Act 101 of 1998, Chapter 2 clause 4(8) states that “The owner in respect of State land must join any fire protection association registered in the area in which the land lies.” The City of Cape Town, being a statutory body, is obliged to join the Cape Peninsula Fire Protection Association (http://www.cpfpa.org.za) within the boundaries of the CPFPA, which includes the entire Cape Metropolitan Area. The City of Cape Town Environmental Management Department (EMD) Biodiversity Management Branch is a fully compliant member of the CPFPA.

8.2 Fire – Prescribed Ecological Burning

8.2.1 A prescribed ecological burn of a management block in the Tygerberg Nature Reserve was conducted on 24/02/2020. Blaauwberg Nature Reserve staff assisted in implementing the burn. Area Manager, Koos Retief, was assigned as Sector Boss for one of the three management sectors of the burn. The management block is situated in a built up area surrounded by residential houses, some of which have thatch roof coverings. These conditions make burning very difficult, necessitating additional precautions (such as extra wide firebreaks) to safeguard private properties (see Figures 25-27 right and below). Figure 25. Location of the burn block at Tygerberg.

Figure 26. Ecological burning at Tygerberg Nature Reserve. Figure 27. Protecting nearby residential buildings and gardens.

8.2.2 Portions of Swartland Shale Renosterveld on the Blaauwberg Hill was burned on 25-26/11/2019 during ecological burning operations. Due to high soil moisture content resulting from rainfall prior to the burn, the renosterveld did not burn completely. A new permit was obtained to burn the remaining vegetation in this block at the end of March 2020. However, a site meeting to inspect the proposed burn site revealed that the renosterveld vegetation in this block does not have enough flammable fuel along the edges of the block to enable a burn within the required ecological parameters. Also the nation-wide lockdown took effect from 27/03/2020, which was in the week when the burning was planned. It was therefore decided that the burn of this block would be re-scheduled to February 2021 (see Figure 28 overleaf).

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Figure 28. A portion of the future burn area in the Swartland Shale renosterveld on the Blaauwberg Hill.

9 PEOPLE, TOURISM & EDUCATION

9.1 Stakeholder Engagement

9.1.1 Internal Meetings

Blaauwberg Nature Reserve staff attended the following internal meetings during this quarter:  08/01/2020: Project Portfolio Management enablement session with Project Management Office  24/01/2020: Integrated Performance Management (IPM) review and Training Needs Identification (TNI) meeting with Regional Manager  29/01/2020: Ecological Management Committee meeting  31/01/2020: Retirement farewell gathering for Safety and Training Coordinator, Nestus Neethling  06/02/2020: Site meeting about bird strike fatalities at Vissershok landfill site  07/02/2020: North Region Management meeting  13/02/2020: CONTACT magazine team photograph on Blaauwberg Hill  13/02/2020: Eland drone survey at Blaauwberg Hill  19/02/2020: Site meeting at BCA018 regarding Working for Water funding for follow-up clearing  20/02/2020: Biodiversity Management Branch meeting  21/02/2020: Briefing meeting regarding Tygerberg Nature Reserve ecological burn  02/03/2020: Project Portfolio Management review meeting with Project Management Office  13/03/2020: North Regional Management meeting and student research proposal presentations  16/03/2020: Staff meeting regarding COVID-19 pandemic  30/03/2020: North Regional on-line Skype meeting

9.1.2 External Meetings

Blaauwberg Nature Reserve staff attended the following external meetings during this quarter:  14/01/2020: Site meeting CDE Electrical Supplies regarding quotation for high mast solar lighting  17/01/2020: Protected Area Advisory Committee meeting  12/02/2020: Blaauwberg Area Development Environmental Liaison Committee  17/02/2020: Site meeting for quotations for car port shade cloth structures at Eerstesteen Resort  11/03/2020: Meeting with Work-integrated Learning Programme coordinator, Dr Frans Radloff, of Cape Peninsula University of Technology with student Darren Niland

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9 PEOPLE, TOURISM & EDUCATION – continued

9.2 Benefits to People

9.2.1 Overnight accommodation

9.2.1.1 The Montispectus Overnight Accommodation was booked a total of 12 nights during this quarter, resulting in an occupation of 32 person days, and generating R12,413 of income for the Nature Reserve (including conservation and entrance fees). People can access the booking form at this web link: https://www.bca.org.za/accommodation.html .

Figure 29. Oblique aerial view of Montispectus accommodation unit.

9.2.2 Environmental Education and Outreach

Environmental Education and Outreach generated 108 person days of benefit over four event days. Groups were hosted by the City’s Biodiversity Management Branch.

DATE GROUP ORGANISATION PRESENTER LOCATION PROGRAM NUMBERS Fitness group from Nature reserve 04/03/2020 Kleinvlei E Krynauw Blaauwberg Hill information and 14 Community hall history Foundation Backbone - 07/03/2020 S Grangxabe Edcuation Cabin Marine pollution 30 Hermeslaan City of Cape Primary Town: Biodiversity Fitness group from Management Nature reserve 11/03/2020 Kleinvlei Branch E Krynauw Blaauwberg Hill information and 16 Community hall history Foundation Backbone - 14/03/2020 E Krynauw Edcuation Cabin Marine pollution 48 Chatsworth, Grosvenor Primary TOTALS 108

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9 PEOPLE, TOURISM & EDUCATION – continued

9.2 Benefits to People – continued

9.2.2 Environmental Education and Outreach – continued

9.2.2.1 Foundation Backbone is a non-profit organisation associated with the Blouberg NG Kerk that reached out to five primary schools in Atlantis to run leadership skill programmes with Grade 7 prefects. Foundation Backbone arranged a visit to Blaauwberg Nature Reserve to undergo a marine programme. Hermeslaan, Grosvenor and Chatsworth primary schools attended the programme during this quarter (see Figure 30 below).

Figure 30. Grade 7 learners from Hermeslaan Primary School at a beach clean-up at Eerstesteen.

9.2.2.2 Play Leader of the Recreation & Parks Department (Dean Augustus) organised fitness hikes for his youth groups and fitness clubs. Two groups visited Blaauwberg Nature Reserve in time before the reserve closure during the COVID-19 lockdown (see Figures 31-32 below).

Figure 31. Hikers on the Renosterveld Trail on the Blaauwberg Hill. Figure 32. Hikers from the Kleinvlei fitness club on Blaauwberg Hill.

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9 PEOPLE, TOURISM & EDUCATION – continued

9.2 Benefits to People – continued

9.2.3 Friends of the Blaauwberg Conservation Area

9.2.3.1 The Friends of the Blaauwberg Conservation Area (www.bca.org.za) is a voluntary group of concerned citizens whose mission it is to contribute to the protection and beneficial use of the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. They are affiliated with the Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa, Western Cape.

9.2.3.2 The Battle of Blaauwberg (1806) Anniversary walk was held this year on 18/01/2020 with 50 people in attendance. The owners of Joyce’s Dairy Farm to the North of the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve permitted the access over their private property into the Nature Reserve.

The site of the Battle of Blaauwberg (1806) is located on the old Blaauwbergsvlei farm, to the east of Kleinberg, which is now inside the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. On 26 January 1996 the Blaauwberg battlefield site and adjacent subsections of land were designated as a conservation area in terms of the National Monuments Act (Act 28 of 1969). The battle marked the start of the second British occupation of the Cape and the final end of Dutch rule. Casualties of war were buried in the dunes in grave sites yet to be located.

9.3 Visitors and Income

9.3.1 Income from the Eerstesteen Resort and the Montispectus Overnight Accommodation was R119,131.

DESCRIPTION Jan Feb Mar RATE QUANTITY INCOME TOTAL Permissible Commercial Activities R 9,734 10-20 people bundles 7 11 1 R 434.00 19 R 8,246 1-9 people bundles 2 5 1 R 186.00 8 R 1,488 Daily Entry R 66,915 Adult (18+) 2,161 753 434 R 16.00 3,348 R 53,568 Children (3 -17 ) 810 251 136 R 9.00 1,197 R 10,773 Children (under 3) 1 2 2 R 0.00 4 R 0 Senior (60+) 163 94 29 R 9.00 286 R 2,574 Environmental Education Programmes R 336 Govt feeding scheme learners R 0.00 R 0 Learners: All other schools 48 R 7.00 48 R 336 Season tickets (annual permits) R 245 Family 1 R 235.00 1 R 245 Vehicles and Craft R 30,325 Vehicles 743 297 173 R 25.00 1,213 R 30,325 Overnight Accommodation (Montispectus) R 11,576 Nights: 1-2 people (Peak Season) 5 6 1 R 866.00 12 R 10,392 Per night (additional person) 6 2 R 148.00 8 R 1,184 TOTAL R 119,131

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10 STAFF

10.1 Staff establishment

10.1.1 Nature Conservation Student, Darren Niland, 10.1.2 Environmental Education Intern, Sinalo was placed at the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve to Grangxabe, was placed at Blaauwberg Nature complete the Work-Integrated Learning component Reserve as part of the Urban Sustainability Internship of the National Diploma in Nature Conservation at the Programme. Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT). In 2018 Sinalo completed the Work-Integrated Darren started in February 2020 and is required to work Learning component of the National Diploma in for a year at a Nature Reserve. Darren has identified Environmental Management from the Cape a research project investigating bird strike mortalities Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) at of pelicans at an electricity power-line near the N7. Blaauwberg Nature Reserve. She was selected as environmental education intern for 2020 and started her one-year contract on 3/02/202. She will focus mostly on running environmental education programmes at the Nature Reserve.

Figure 33. Nature Conservation Student, Darren Niland. Figure 34. Environmental Education Intern, Sinalo Grangxabe.

10.1.3 Nature Conservation Student, Darren Niland, attended an staff induction programme at the Rietvlei Boma from 24-28/02/2020.

10.1.4 Biodiversity Area Manager, Koos Retief, was standing in for the North Regional Manager, Bongani Mnisi, from 2/01 to 10/01/2020.

10.1.5 Integrated Performance Management (IPM) reviews, as well as Training Needs Identifications (TNIs) were done with all relevant Nature Reserve staff during this quarter.

10.1.6 Intern, Luke Foster, attended an interns’ development day at Intaka Island on 5/02/2020.

10.1.7 A team of five Kader Asmal Integrated Catchment Management Expanded Public Works Programme workers has been employed at the Blaauwberg Nature Reserve from August 2019 until the end of the 2019/20 financial year. The team focusses on doing maintenance and cleaning work in the field.

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11 LAW ENFORCEMENT

11.1 Planning and Patrols

11.1.1 Foot and vehicle patrols are conducted on a daily basis in Blaauwberg Nature Reserve and Melkbos Conservation Area. Incidents of illegal dumping, illegal overnight structures, and hunting with snares, graffiti and damaged fences are observed and reported. During these patrols various other sightings are also recorded, including animal tracks and wildlife sightings.

11.1.2 Livestock of illegal occupants residing in condemned structures at the old Blaauwberg’s Valley farm portion of the Nature Reserve are continuing to exploit the natural resources of the Nature Reserve by grazing in the Blaauwberg Hill Section (see Figures 35-36 below). The illegal occupants also move around in the Nature Reserve and have left management access gates open overnight. They have allegedly also driven through some of the fynbos restoration research blocks to extract firewood from cleared areas. The pigs and horses are not contained in paddocks and are therefore able to roam free in the Nature Reserve and are affecting the efficiency of the fynbos restoration when they graze in rehabilitating veld. Staff are herding the animals back to the homestead when they are found roaming free. A long-term solution is needed to relocate the illegal occupants and livestock. Investigations are still underway to identify alternate accommodation, though there is a sever shortfall of potential accommodation sites currently in the City. The occupants were living in dilapidated structures when land was transferred from Garden Cities to the City of Cape Town’s and incorporated into the Nature Reserve. A follow-up meeting will be held between the City’s legal advisers and legal counsel to re-evaluate the eviction proceedings.

Figure 35. Pigs grazing in the Nature Reserve. Figure 36. Horses grazing in the Nature Reserve.

11.2 Nature Reserve Integrity

11.2.1 Quemic Africa deploys Nature Reserve Integrity Rangers for the provision of visitor and staff safety within the City of Cape Town’s nature reserves and natural open systems. Quemic Africa deployed mobile Regional Integrity Teams, Senior Rangers, Junior Rangers and Visitor-hub Rangers in the northern area of the City of Cape Town. They are deployed 24 hours per day, seven days per week. They also provide additional surveillance for reserve infrastructure.

Some of the specific services that the Integrity Teams provide include visitor management, staff safety, and Wood/Fire Vagrancy Alarms Escort Mortalities surveillance of reserve infrastructure. They can liaise with members of the public with regards to reserve activities, directions and rules as well as local information. Indecency Alcohol/Dru They can respond to any injury or medical emergency, any gs wildfire, environmental disasters and wildlife-related Films incidents. They provide a nature conservation law enforcement service which includes boundary patrols, clandestine Fishing operations, and search of suspicious individuals and vehicles. They can also supervise contractors in the field. Figure 37. Pie chart of incidents in this quarter.

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12 INFRASTRUCTURE & EQUIPMENT

12.1 Infrastructure Maintenance

12.1.1 A 1.2 kilometer long portion of southern fence line at the Blaauwberg Hill Section had to be raised in order to maintain the 2.4 meter height requirement as stipulated for the adequate enclosure of eland. Wind-driven shifting sand moved from a cleared development site in Sunningdale just North of the Table Bay Mall towards the Nature Reserve (see Figure 38 below). The development site, belonging to Garden Cities, was exposed to dry wind during the summer of 2019/2020 causing the shifting sand, despite efforts of the developer to stabilise the sand. Much of the sand came to rest against the fence line and raised the ground level in some areas by as much as 1.2 meters. This engulfed half of the fence in certain areas, rendingering it useless to contain game. The Nature Reserve staff and EPWP workers used additional poles and fencing mesh wire to extend the fence by up to 1.2 meters in some areas (see Figures 39-40 below).

Figure 38. Aerial image of cleared development site in relation to Nature Reserve fence prior to the shifting of the sand.

Figure 39. Raising the Southern fence line. Figure 40. A raised section of fence line.

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12 INFRASTRUCTURE & EQUIPMENT – continued

12.1 Infrastructure Maintenance – continued

12.1.2 Internal management roads have been 12.1.3 Erosion control measures and a hand-railing affected by heavy rains towards the end of 2019, were installed at the start of the Coastal Hiking Trail causing gully erosion on sections with steep inclines. near Eerstesteen Resort (see Figure 42 below). The The affected roads include the old Military Access steap access to the trail was hard for some people to Road to the Blaauwberg Hill (see Figure 41 below). enter. Trampling also started to cut an eroded path through the first dune before the trail. Nature Reserve staff and EPWP workers maintained sections of the Military Road by laying laterite gravel Poles were dug into the dune to aid in retaining the material and filling in eroded gullies. Further sand and to serve as steps for hikers. The hand railing monitoring and maintenance of the road will be helps people to step down from the concrete required in future. retaining blocks onto the pedestrian sidewalk below.

Figure 41. Maintenance of Military Road at Blaauwberg Hill. Figure 42. Erosion control measures and a hand-railing installed at the start of the Coastal Hiking Trail.

12.1.4 Electricity supply was restored to the Eerstesteen Resort after the City of Cape Town’s electrity department replaced a broken step-down transformers box at Otto du Plessis Drive, as well as repaired several other line breaks along the R27. The electricty supply to Eerstesteen Resort (where the management adinistration office is located) was broked in the week of 2-6/03/2020. The aging electrical components on this power supply line has caused several power failures in recent years. Nature Reserve staff assisted the Electricity Department to gain access to inaccessible areas Figure 43. Electricity workers repairing a step-down transformer box through the Nature Reserve. outside Eerstesteen Resort.

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12 INFRASTRUCTURE & EQUIPMENT – continued

12.1 Infrastructure Maintenance – continued

12.1.5 A service provider on tender with the City was appointed to install a security alarm at the Interpretive Centre (old Generator Room) on the Blaauwberg hill. The work was funded by a Ward Allocation from Cllr Nora Grose (Ward 23 Councillor) on the current CAPEX budget. A request for quotations was also advertised in order to purchase audio-visual equipment for future use in the building. This purchase will also be funded by the Ward Allocation from Cllr Nora Grose.

12.2 Fleet Vehicles

12.2.1 Two of the three Nature Reserve vehicles that were recommended to be scrapped have now replaced. These vehicles have aged beyond economical repair and spend more time in workshops than being operational in the field.  CCT30003 Isuzu KB 250 (staff carrier) was replaced with a Nissan NP300 Hardbody double-cab 4x4.  CCT30867 Nissan 4.2D (fire-fighting skid unit) was replaced with a Nissan NP300 Hardbody double- cab 4x4.  CA87451 Ford TRITON (tipper truck) still has to be replaced with 6 ton tipper truck.

12.3 Services

12.3.1 The following services were procured for the 2019/20 Financial Year:  Lindol Hygiene Services, toilet hygiene,  G-Force Security, 24-hour guarding of Eerstesteen facilities,  Quemic Africa, 24-hour mobile nature reserve integrity teams,  G4S Cash Solutions (SA) (Pty) Ltd, cash collections, and  Manandi Laundrette, laundry services.

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APPENDIX A: MAPS OF THE NATURE RESERVE

Figure 44. Erf numbers and property boundaries.

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Figure 45. Key locations and gates.

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Figure 46. Management units.

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APPENDIX B: VARIOUS MEDIA

Figure 47. Article about the capture and relocation of four steenbok in Durbanville.

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Figure 48. Article about the capture and relocation of four steenbok in Durbanville.

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City to close facilities to contain spread of COVID-19, encourages use of online services where possible

17 March 2020

Statement by the City's Executive Mayor, Alderman Dan Plato.

The City of Cape Town has noted the key containment and mitigation measures that are being implemented across the world and in South Africa in an effort to reduce the spread of the COVID-19. We have taken note of best practice from other affected countries and the success they have found in social distancing and improved hygiene practices. As such, the City has decided to close the below City facilities from Wednesday, 18 March 2020. We will continuously assess the situation and will inform the public accordingly.

Facilities to close include: Art centres Braai and picnic spots Camping sites City sports fields Community halls/Civic centres Swimming pools Museums Nature reserves Recreational hubs Resorts Spray parks Stadia

Furthermore, visits by the City’s Mobile Office have been suspended until further notice. Library operating hours (including mobile services) will be reduced incrementally and these facilities will provide only basic services, namely, taking out and returning reading material. The number of persons allowed into the library will be controlled. Needless to say, this might change at short notice. Cemeteries will remain open, although residents are advised upon making bookings to be mindful of the number of persons at the graveside during burial, and to please stick to their allotted times. The Recreation and Parks Department is working to keep gravesites as far apart as possible to limit contact between mourners during burials. The City also reminds the public that an announcement was made by the National Minister of Social Development that all Early Childhood Development Centres will close on Wednesday, 18 March 2020, in line with the schools. The City realises that, due to the closure of sporting facilities, there will be an impact on community sporting culture and especially on the municipal facility management committees (MFMCs) who work with the City on the management and maintenance of the facilities. We plead for their understanding and request the support of MFMCs to ensure that all non- essential contact is avoided and that social distancing is strictly enforced. Please note all public meetings and non-critical meetings, gatherings and site visits will also be postponed indefinitely unless an emergency meeting is called which we will communicate on. The situation is being assessed on a daily basis and is subject to frequent and rapid change. Note that offices that provide City services like cash offices, Driving Licence Testing Centres and housing and planning offices will remain open for now. Residents are advised that all events at the City’s nature reserves have been cancelled and staff are currently working on refunding affected stakeholders, we will provide a full refund for any bookings and also permits to Steenbras Gorge.

Accounts, motor vehicle licences

The City encourages account holders to make use of the City’s online service offerings, where it is possible to do so, rather than visiting City customer centres for over the counter transactions. Customer offices will remain open, however, strong precautions will be taken to ensure a heightened level of hygiene and customers are encouraged to rather conduct their business online or via telephone than over the counter if possible. The number of people going to the offices must be limited to limit the spread of Covid-19. Details on precautionary measures will be communicated as soon as possible. Customers are reminded that accounts still need to be paid.

For account payments

 The City encourages account holders to use the City’s online e-services portal to pay their accounts. Other payment options available to account holders include paying online using their bank’s website or via ATM, at Nedbank. The City is already listed as a beneficiary with all major banks, so account holders do not need to load bank details when paying online. Account holders can also register with www.paycity.co.za or www.easypay.co.za to pay accounts. To pay via ATM, account holders can simply contact their bank to add the City as an ATM beneficiary

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For account enquiries

If account holders have any questions related to their account, they can please call 0860 103 089 for more information. Account holders should keep the reference number they’re provided with to track the progress of their query.

For motor vehicle renewals

The City’s Motor Vehicle Renewal which include motor vehicle licence renewals, vehicle registrations and licence payments can be done online. An online licence application takes approximately 14 days from the date of application to receiving it in the post, so residents must please bear this in mind and act in a timeous fashion. Residents who would like to go this route can do so via the City’s online services portal (http://www.capetown.gov.za/City-Connect/Pay/Driving-and-vehicles/Vehicle-licences/Pay-your-vehicle-licence). Residents are reminded to take along their proof of address when renewing their motor vehicle licences. This must be done annually as per National Government requirements. It is very important for customers to have all of the required documentation with them when they apply for licence disc renewals to prevent any additional delays.

For driving licenses

Driving License Testing Centres remain open; however, strong precautions have already been instituted to ensure a heightened level of hygiene. All eye testing equipment is sanitised after each user. Staff have been issued hand sanitiser, and gloves and masks are on order. Additional sanitation of all work surfaces has been implemented. The number of occupants have been limited as per the queuing system. Notices have gone up at all DLTCs, advising the public of precautions to take to promote good hygiene and limit the spread of the virus.

For traffic fines

You can pay your fine online via:

 Paycity www.paycity.co.za. You can also pay your fine using online banking. Please contact your bank directly for assistance or advice. Fine payments can also be made through ATMs. Contact your bank directly for assistance, or visit the bank’s website for more information

The following can be done via e-Services:

 e-Billing  Careers  Informal trader bay applications  Land use and building plan applications (DAMS)  Motor vehicle licence renewals  Municipal accounts  Pet registration  Report a fault or request a service  Supplier self-service  Identity documents uploads  Company registration documents  Tax clearance certificates  Bank statements upload  Affidavit uploads  Conveyancing  Indigent applications

We know that this will prove inconvenient for some of our residents. But in the interest of containing this highly contagious virus and for the protection of all our residents, we trust our residents will understand the need for these measures.

Numerous resources have been made available to the public regarding COVID-19. These include:

 The NICD Hotline on 0800 029 999 operates seven days a week, 24 hours a day

 The Western Cape Provincial Government Hotline on 021 928 4102

 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

 https://www.westerncape.gov.za/dept/health

 www.nicd.ac.za

 WhatsApp:0600 123 456

Published by: City of Cape Town, Media Office

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CITY OF CAPE TOWN 30 MARCH 2020 MEDIA RELEASE City continues with environmental and beach management during lockdown The City wants to assure residents that various measures have been put in place to ensure that the essential Environmental Management services continue during this time. Read more below:

Capetonians are reminded to contact the following numbers in case of environmental emergencies:  107 from a landline  112 (toll-free) or 021 480 7700 from a cell phone

The following essential services will be continuing during the lockdown: Coastal management during lockdown A small team of the City’s Coastal Management Department has been designated as essential staff during the lockdown. This team is on standby 24/7 in the event of any coastal emergency which may include the following:  marine animal stranding  coastal pollution events such as an oil spill or shipping disaster  the collapse of significant coastal infrastructure, such as sea walls

Protection of African Penguins Remedial management and actions with regards to the protection and safety of the penguins are prioritised. Two penguin monitors are conducting daily checks on the African Penguin colony in Simon’s Town. The transport of birds to SANCCOB for specialist treatment will continue during the lock down. Hout Bay dunes A small team of four coastal contracted workers is still undertaking basic tasks on the Hout Bay dune field to ensure that the municipal infrastructure is protected from loss, theft or damage during the lockdown. Protecting the nature reserves and biodiversity Quemic security rangers, as well as other security contractors, will continue with their duties. The rangers, with the support of limited permanent staff, will patrol the City’s nature reserves to ensure the protection of infrastructure and the integrity of these areas. Personnel from the City’s Environmental Management Department remain on standby for emergency responses such as general crime, theft, wildfires, wildlife conflict, essential faunal management, illegal land invasions and pollution events. A Working-on-Fire team stationed at Wolfgat Nature Reserve and the fire department will assist staff to respond to wildfires. Baboon Management The City’s Service provider for baboon management, Human Wildlife Solutions (HWS), is and will continue to ensure the safety of residents in baboon affected areas. HWS has specialised vehicles and will monitor and control baboon movement that could place residents at risk, even in their own homes, at all hours. Residents can contact the Baboon Hotline on 071 588 6540 to report baboon issues and incidents. Numerous resources have been made available to members of the public regarding COVID-19. These include:  The NICD Hotline on 0800 029 999 operates seven days a week, 24 hours a day  The Western Cape Provincial Government Hotline on 021 928 4102  https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019  https://www.westerncape.gov.za/dept/health  www.nicd.ac.za  WhatsApp: 0600 123 456 For more information go to www.capetown.gov.za/coronavirus Issued by: Media Office, City of Cape Town | Media enquiries: [email protected]

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Disaster Management Act: Regulations to address, prevent and combat the spread of Coronavirus COVID-19: (as amended by Gazette 43168 of 26 March 2020 and Gazette 43199 of 2 April 2020)

Restriction on the movement of persons and goods 11 B. (1 )(a) For the period of lockdown- (i) every person is confined to his or her place of residence, unless strictly for the purpose of performing an essential service, obtaining an essential good or service, collecting a social grant, pension or seeking emergency, life-saving, or chronic medical attention; (ii) every gathering, as defined in regulation 1 is hereby prohibited, except for a funeral as provided for in subregulation (8); and (iii) movement between provinces and between metropolitan and district areas is prohibited except— (aa) for essential workers who have to travel to and from work; (bb) transportation of cargo from ports of entry to their intended destination, on condition that necessary precautions have been taken to sanitise and disinfect such cargo; (cc) for the transportation of the mortal remains; and (dd) attendance of a funeral as provided for and on the conditions set out in subregulation (8)."; (iv) movement between the metropolitan and district areas, is prohibited. (b) During the lockdown, all businesses and other entities shall cease operations, except for any business or entity involved in the manufacturing, supply, or provision of an essential good or service, save where operations are provided from outside of the Republic or can be provided remotely by a person from their normal place of residence. "; and (c) Retail shops and shopping malls must be closed, except where essential goods are sold and on condition that the person in control of the said store must put in place controls to ensure that customers keep a distance of at least one square meter from each other, and that all directions in respect of hygienic conditions and the exposure of persons to COVID-19 are adhered to. (d) Retail stores selling essential goods is prohibited from selling any other goods. (e) The Cabinet member designated under section 3 of the Act may amend the list contemplated in paragraph (c) as required from time to time. (f) Any place not involved in the provision of an essential good or service must remain closed to all persons for the duration of the lockdown. (2) The head of an institution must determine essential services to be performed by his or her institution, and must determine the essential staff who will perform those services: Provided that the head of an institution may delegate this function, as may be required in line with the complexity and size of the business operation. (3) Persons performing essential services as determined in subregulation (2), must be duly designated in writing by the head of an institution, on a form that corresponds substantially with Form 1 in Annexure C. (4) All places or premises provided for in Annexure D must be closed to the public except to those persons rendering security and maintenance services at those places or premises. (a) All workplaces or premises must have care and maintenance that is essential to the prevention of the destruction or significant impairment of working areas, plant, machinery or inventory, or to permit orderly shutdown arrangements, on such conditions as may be issued by means of directions by the Cabinet members responsible for trade, industry and for employment and labour. (b) The Cabinet members responsible for health and social services may by directions designate services which are necessary to provide or maintain essential health and social services listed in Annexure B to the Regulations. "(c) The Cabinet member responsible for finance may by direction designate services, excluding debt collection services, in relation to the financial system, as defined in section 1(1) of the Financial Sector Regulation Act, 2017 (Act No. 9 of 2017), generally, which are necessary to— (i) provide or maintain essential financial services listed in paragraph 3.1 of Part B of Annexure B; and (ii) provide social grants by banks, mutual banks, co-operative banks and the Postbank in terms of paragraph 3.2 of Part B of Annexure B. (d) The Prudential Authority, the Financial Sector Authority and the Reserve Bank may exercise their functions in terms of the Financial Sector Regulation Act, 2017, the financial sector laws as defined in section 1(1) of that Act, and the National Payment System Act, 1998 (Act No. 78 of 1998) in the regulation, supervision and oversight of essential financial services as referred to in paragraph 3.1 and 3.2 of Part B of Annexure B and services in respect of which directions are issued in terms of paragraph (c). (e) The Prudential Authority, the Financial Sector Conduct Authority and the Reserve Bank— (i) must issue directives to institutions under their respective jurisdictions to take appropriate precautionary measures when performing essential financial services in terms of these Regulations to limit staff at offices to the minimum and to take other precautionary measures to limit the spread of COVID-19. (ii) may issue guidance and other directives in relation to the performance of essential financial services in terms of these Regulations. (5) All persons performing essential services, obtaining essential goods or seeking medical attention, may be subjected to screening for COVID-19 by an enforcement officer. (6)(a) All borders of the Republic are closed during the period of lockdown, except for ports of entry designated by the responsible Cabinet member for the transportation of fuel, cargo and goods during the period of lockdown.

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(b) The Cabinet member responsible for home affairs, or a person designated by him or her, may allow a person to enter or exit the Republic for emergency medical attention for a life-threatening condition, or for a South African, or foreign national to be repatriated to their country of nationality or permanent residence. (c) The Cabinet member responsible for transport may issue directions with regard to sea cargo operations and air freight operations. (d) All foreign tourists who arrived in the Republic prior to, or after, the lockdown, and who remain in the Republic, must remain in their place of temporary residence in the Republic for the duration of the lockdown or 14 days, as the case may be, and may be subject to screening for COVID-19 and be quarantined or isolated as required: Provided that the evacuation of foreign tourists where arrangements, including an arrangement for the evacuation by air charter, has been made by the relevant embassy, may be allowed: Provided further that a tourist is escorted to the point of exit where he or she may be screened again. (7) Any Cabinet member may, after consultation with Ministers of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs and Justice and Correctional Services, issue directions which fall within his or her line functions to provide for further conditions that will apply to activities referred to in subregulation (1), or other activities provided for in these Regulations, for the protection and safety of any person, including essential workers from COVID-19, provide reasonable measures for persons with disabilities and may vary the directions as the circumstances require. (8)(a) Movement between a metropolitan or district area, or province by a person wishing to attend a funeral shall only be permitted if the person so wishing to attend the funeral is a— (i) spouse or partner of the deceased; (ii) child of the deceased, whether biological, adopted or stepchild; (iii) child-in-law of the deceased; (iv) parent of the deceased whether biological, adopted or stepparent; (v) sibling, whether biological, adopted or stepbrother or sister of the deceased; (vi) grandparent of the deceased; and (vii) person closely affiliated to the deceased. (b) For purposes of this subregulation, closely affiliated means: (i) a person with parental responsibilities and rights in respect of the deceased; or (ii) a person who had developed a significant relationship based on caregiving, psychological or emotional attachment to the deceased. (c) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), attendance at a funeral or remation is limited to 50 people and will for purposes of these Regulations not be regarded as a prohibited gathering: Provided that no night vigil shall be held and that all safety hygiene measures are strictly adhered to. (d) Each person, whether traveling alone or not, wishing to attend a funeral or cremation and who has to travel between metropolitan and district areas, or between provinces to attend a funeral, or a cremation must obtain a permit which corresponds substantially with Form 2 of Annexure C, from his or her nearest magistrate's office or police station to travel to the funeral or cremation and back. (e) A Magistrate who is the head of office or a station commander of a police station or a person designated by him or her, may issue the permit contemplated in paragraph (d). (f) Upon a request for a permit contemplated in paragraph (d), a person requesting a permit must produce a death certificate or a certified copy of the death certificate to the Magistrate who is the head of office or a station commander of a police station or a person designated by him or her: Provided that where a death certificate is not yet available the person requesting the permit must make a sworn affidavit which corresponds substantially with Form 3 of Annexure C. (g) Before a permit contemplated in paragraph (d) may be issued the Magistrate who is the head of office or a station commander of a police station or a person designated by him or her, must be provided with a death certificate, a certified copy of a death certificate or a sworn affidavit contemplated in paragraph (f). (h) A person issued with a permit contemplated in paragraph (d), traveling to another metropolitan or district area, or province and who has to be in that metropolitan or district area, or province for the duration of the funeral or cremation, but not for more than 48 hours, and cannot stay at the place of residence of a relative or friend, may stay at a hotel, lodge or guest house for the period of 48 hours: Provided that the permit issued in terms of paragraph (d) is presented to the owner or manager of the hotel, lodge or guest house. (i) Only 2 family members or a person with a close affiliation to the deceased may, with the required permits, accompany the vehicle transporting the mortal remains to the metropolitan or district area, or province where the burial or cremation will take place. (j) The provisions of regulation 11C(1) must be strictly adhered to when travelling. (k) A copy of the permit issued and the death certificate or sworn affidavit made, must be kept by the Magistrate who is the head of office or station commander of a police station in a file opened for each person for a period of three months after the lockdown has lapsed, whereafter it may be destroyed. Prohibition of public transport 11 C. ( 1) All commuter transport services including passenger rail services, bus services, taxi services, e-hailing services, maritime and air passenger transport are prohibited, except bus services, taxi services, e-hailing services and private motor vehicles necessary for purposes of rendering essential services, obtaining essential goods or services, seeking medical attention, funeral services and for collecting payment of grants and pensions: Provided that— (a) bus services and e-hailing services shall not carry more than 50% of the licensed capacity; (b) taxi services shall not carry more than 70% of the licensed capacity; and

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(c) private vehicles shall not carry more than 60% of the licensed capacity, and that all directions in respect of hygienic conditions and the limitation of exposure of persons to COVID-19, are adhered to. (2) Where a person rendering essential services is unable to travel to and from his or her place of employment, the employer must make the necessary transport arrangements: Provided that no more than 50% of the licensed capacity of the vehicle or vessel is exceeded and all directions in respect of hygienic conditions and the limitation of exposure to persons with COVID-19, are adhered to. (3) The Cabinet member responsible for transport must issue directions for the transportation of persons who must obtain essential goods or services where such person has no other means of transport except public transport, as contemplated in subregulation (1). Resources by the State during lockdown 11 D. (1) For the period of the declaration of a lockdown, a person refusing to be evacuated from any place subject to lockdown, may be evacuated by an enforcement officer to a temporary shelter, if such action is necessary for the preservation of life. (2) The State shall identify- ( a) temporary shelters that meet the necessary hygiene standards for homeless people; and (b) temporary sites for quarantine and self-isolation that meet the necessary hygiene standards for people who cannot isolate or quarantine in their homes. (3) The provision of the State's resources listed herein shall be for the duration of the lockdown, and the use thereof will be subject to conditions determined by the Cabinet member responsible for such resources. Powers and indemnity 11 F. These Regulations do not limit any powers or indemnities of security services provided for in any law. Offences and penalties 11 G. For purposes of this Chapter any person who contravenes— (a) regulation 11B(1)(a), (b), (c), (e), (4), (6)(a), (8)(d), (i) and (j); or (b) 11C(1), shall be guilty of an offence and, on conviction, liable to a fine or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. Contact tracing 11H. (1) In this regulation— (a) “COVID-19 Tracing Database” means the database established by the National Department of Health in terms of subregulation (2); and (b) “COVID-19 Designated Judge” means a judge designated in terms of subregulation (13). (2) The National Department of Health shall develop and maintain a national database to enable the tracing of persons who are known or reasonably suspected to have come into contact with any person known or reasonably suspected to have contracted COVID-19. (3) The COVID-19 Tracing Database shall include all information considered necessary for the contact tracing process to be effective, including but not limited to: (a) the first name and surname, identity or passport numbers, residential address and other address where such person could be located, and cellular phone numbers of all persons who have been tested for COVID-19; (b) the COVID-19 test results of all such persons; and (c) the details of the known or suspected contacts of any person who tested positive for COVID-19. (4) The information contained in the COVID-19 Tracing Database and any information obtained through this regulation is confidential. (5) No person may disclose any information contained in the COVID-19 Tracing Database or any information obtained through this regulation unless authorized to do so and unless the disclosure is necessary for the purpose of addressing, preventing or combatting the spread of COVID-19. (6) Where any person is to be tested for COVID-19, the person taking the sample for purposes of testing must obtain as much of the following information as is available at the time of taking the sample— (a) the first name and surname, identity or passport number, residential address, and cellular phone numbers of the person tested; and (b) a copy or photograph of the passport, driver’s licence, identity card or identity book of the person tested, and promptly submit this information, along with any information it has regarding likely contacts of the person tested, to the Director-General: Health for inclusion in the COVID-19 Tracing Database. (7) Where any laboratory has tested a sample for COVID-19, the laboratory must promptly transmit to the Director- General: Health, for inclusion in the COVID-19 Tracing Database— (a) all details the laboratory has, including the first name and surname, identity or passport numbers, residential address and cellular phone numbers, regarding the person tested; and (b) the COVID-19 test result concerned. (8) The National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) must transmit to the Director-General: Health, for inclusion in the COVID-19 Tracing Database— (a) all details the NICD has, including the first name and surname, identity or passport numbers, residential address and cellular phone numbers of any person tested for COVID-19;

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(b) the results of the COVID-19 test concerned; and (c) any information the NICD has regarding likely contacts of the person tested. (9) Every accommodation establishment referred to in subparagraphs (c)(vii) to (c)(ix) of Annexure D to these Regulations must, promptly after the coming into force of this regulation, transmit to the Director-General: Health, for inclusion in the COVID-19 Tracing Database, the following information regarding every person staying at the accommodation establishment during the period of lockdown— (a) the first name and surname, identity or passport number, residential address and cellular phone numbers of the person concerned; and (b) a copy or photograph of the passport, driver’s licence, identity card or identity book of the person concerned. (10) The Director-General: Health may, in writing and without prior notice to the person concerned, direct an electronic communications service rovider licensed under the Electronic Communications Act, 2005 (Act No. 36 of 2005) to provide him or her, for inclusion in the COVID-19 Tracing Database, with such information as that electronic communications service provider has available to it regarding— (a) the location or movements of any person known or reasonably suspected to have contracted COVID-19; and (b) the location or movements of any person known or reasonably suspected to have come into contact, during the period 5 March 2020 to the date on which the national state of disaster has lapsed or has been terminated, with a person contemplated in subparagraph (a), and the electronic communications service provider must promptly comply with the directive concerned. (11) The information referred to in subregulation (10)— (a) may only be obtained in relation to the location or movements of persons during the period 5 March 2020 to the date on which the national state of disaster has lapsed or has been terminated; (b) may only be obtained, used or disclosed by authorised persons and may only be obtained, used and disclosed when necessary for the purposes of addressing, preventing or combatting the spread of COVID-19 through the contact tracing process; (c) where relevant to the contact tracing process, must be included in the COVID-19 Tracing Database; and (d) apart from what is included in the COVID-19 Tracing Database, may only be retained by the Director-General: Health for a period of six weeks after being obtained and shall thereafter be destroyed. (12) Nothing in this regulation entitles the Director-General: Health or any other person to intercept the contents of any electronic communication. (13) The Cabinet member responsible for justice and correctional services shall designate a judge who has been discharged from active service under section 3(2) of the Judges’ Remuneration and Conditions of Employment, 2001 (Act No. 47 of 2001) or a retired High Court judge as the COVID-19 Designated Judge. (14) The Director-General: Health must file a weekly report with the COVID-19 Designated Judge setting out the names and details of all persons whose location or movements were obtained in terms of subregulation (10)(a) and 10(b) respectively. (15) The COVID-19 Designated Judge may make such recommendations to the Cabinet members responsible for cooperative governance and traditional affairs, health and justice and correctional services as he or she deems fit regarding the amendment or enforcement of this regulation in order to safeguard the right to privacy while ensuring the ability of the Department of Health to engage in urgent and effective contact tracing to address, prevent and combat the spread of COVID-19. (16) The Director-General: Health shall, within six weeks after the national state of disaster has lapsed, or has been terminated, notify every person whose information has been obtained in terms of subregulation (10) that information regarding their location or movements was obtained in terms of subregulation (10). (17) Within six weeks after the national state of disaster has lapsed or has been terminated— (a) the information on the COVID-19 Tracing Database shall be de-identified; (b) the de-identified information on the COVID-19 Tracing Database shall be retained and used only for research, study and teaching purposes; (c) all information on the COVID-19 Tracing Database which has not been de-identified shall be destroyed; and (d) the Director-General: Health shall file a report with the COVID-19 Designated Judge recording the steps taken in this regard, and the steps taken pursuant to subregulation (16). (18) Upon receipt of the report in subregulation (17)(d), the COVID-19 Designated Judge shall be entitled to give directions as to any further steps to be taken to protect the right to privacy of those persons whose data has been collected, which directions must be complied with. (19) The report required by subregulation (17)(d) and any directions given in terms of subregulation (18) shall be tabled in Parliament. Offences and penalty 11I. Any person who fails to comply with their obligations under regulation 11H shall be guilty of an offence and, on conviction, liable to a fine or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. Addition of Annexures to the Regulations 9. The following Annexures are hereby added to the Regulations: ANNEXURE A

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ORDER FOR A PERSON TO GO TO A SITE OF ISOLATION, QUARANTINED FACILITY, OR FOR A PERSON TO GO FOR MEDICAL EXAMINATION [See PDF version of Gazette] Regulation 5(2) ANNEXURE B CATEGORISATION OF ESSENTIAL GOODS AND SERVICES DURING LOCKDOWN Regulation 11A A. GOODS 1. Food (i) Any food product, including non-alcoholic beverages; (ii) Animal food; and (iii) Chemicals, packaging and ancillary products used in the production of any food product. 2. Cleaning and Hygiene Products (i) Toilet Paper, sanitary pads, sanitary tampons, condoms; (ii) Hand sanitiser, disinfectants, soap, alcohol for industrial use, household cleaning products, and personal protective equipment; and (iii) Chemicals, packaging and ancillary products used in the production of any of the above. iv) Products for the care of babies and toddlers. (v) Personal toiletries, including haircare, body and face washes, roll -ons, deodorants, toothpaste. "; 3. Medical: (i) Medical and Hospital Supplies, equipment and personal protective equipment; and (ii) Chemicals, packaging and ancillary products used in the production of any of the above. 4. Fuel, including coal, wood and gas. 5. Basic goods, including airtime, electricity and the withdrawal of cash. B. SERVICES Categories of essential services shall be confined to the following services: 1. Medical, Health (including Mental Health), Laboratory and Medical services and the National Institute for Communicable Diseases; " 2. Disaster Management, Fire Prevention, Fire Fighting and Emergency services; 3.1 (a) The following services necessary to maintain the functioning of a financial system as defined in section 1(1) of the Financial Sector Regulation Act, only when the operation of a place of business or entity is necessary to continue to perform those services: (i) the banking environment (including the operations of mutual banks, cooperative banks, co-operative financial institutions and the Postbank); (ii) the payments environment; (iii) the financial markets (including market infrastructures licensed under the Financial Markets Act, 2012 (Act No. 19 of 2012); (iv) the insurance environment; (v) the savings and investment environment; (vi) pension fund administration; (vii) outsourced administration; (viii) medical schemes administration; and (ix) additional services designated in terms of regulation 11B(4A)(c)(i). (b) The services listed in paragraph (a) may not be construed to include debt collection services. 3.2 Services necessary for the provision of social grants designated in terms of regulation 11B(4A)(c)(ii).”; 4. Production and sale of the goods listed in category A, above; 5. Grocery stores and wholesale produce markets, including spaza shops and informal food traders, with written permission from a municipal authority to operate being required in respect of informal food traders; 6. Electricity (including vital demand management services), water gas and fuel production, supply and maintenance; 7. Critical jobs for essential government services as determined by Head of National or Provincial Departments in accordance with the guidance of the Department of Public Service and Administration, including Social Grant Payments and pension payments; 8. Birth and death certificates, and replacement identification documents; 9. Essential municipal services; 10. Care services and social relief of distress provided to older persons, mentally ill, persons with disabilities, the sick, and children; 11. Funeral and cremation services, including mortuaries services and the transportation of mortal remains; 12. Wildlife Management, Anti-poaching, Animal Care and Veterinary services; 13. Newspaper, broadcasting and telecommunication infrastructure and services, including call centres critical for the support of such services; 14. Production and sale of any chemicals, hygiene products, pharmaceuticals for the medical or retail sector; 15. Cleaning, sanitation, pest control, sewerage, waste and refuse removal services;

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16. Services related to the essential functioning of courts, judicial officers, the Master of the High Court, Sheriffs and legal practitioners required for those services; 17. Essential SARS services defined by the Commissioner of SARS; 18. Police, peace officers, traffic officers, military medical personnel and soldiers, correctional services officials and traffic management services; 19. Postal services and courier services related to transport of medical products; 20. Private security services; 21. Air-traffic Navigation, Civil Aviation Authority, air charters, Cargo Shipping and dockyard services; 22. Gold, gold refinery, coal and essential mining; 23. Accommodation used for persons rendering essential services, quarantine, isolation and the lockdown; 24. Production, manufacturing, supply, logistics, transport, delivery, critical maintenance and repair in relation to the rendering of essential services including components and equipment; 25. Transport services for persons rendering essential services and goods, and transportation of patients; 26. Services rendered by the Executive, members of Parliament, Members of the Provincial Legislature, Members of Local Councils, the Judiciary, traditional leaders and National Office Bearers. of Political Parties represented in Parliament; 27. Commissioners of the South African Human Rights Commission, Gender Commission, and the Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities, and the Public Protector and Deputy Public Protector; and 28. Transport and logistics in respect of cargo and goods as set out in Part A to neighbouring countries; 29. Tow trucks and vehicle recovery services; 30. Call centres necessary to provide health, safety, social support, government and financial services; 31. Harvesting and storage activities essential to prevent the wastage of primary agricultural goods; 32. Implementation of payroll systems to the extent that such arrangement has not been made for the lockdown, to ensure timeous payments to workers; and 33. Critical maintenance services which cannot be delayed for more than 21 days and are essential to resume operations after the lockdown." ANNEXURE C FORM 1 PERMIT TO PERFORM ESSENTIAL SERVICE [See PDF version of Gazette] Regulation 118(3) ANNEXURE D PLACES AND PREMISES CLOSED TO THE PUBLIC Regulation 118(4) The following places and premises are closed to the public: (a) Any place or premises normally open to the public where religious, cultural, sporting, entertainment, recreational, exhibitional, organisational or similar activities may take place; (b) any place or premises normally open to the public where goods other than essential goods are procured, acquired, disposed of or sold; (c) any place or premises normally open to the public such as- (i) public parks, beaches and swimming pools; (ii) flea markets; (iii) open air food markets; (iiiA) restaurants; (iv) fetes and bazaars; (v) night clubs; (vi) casinos; (vii) hotels, lodges and guest houses, except to the extent that they are required for remaining tourists confined to hotels, lodges and guest houses and for purposes of regulation 11B(8)(h) to the extent that they are required for persons from another metropolitan area, district, or province; (viii) private and public game reserves except to the extent that they are required for remaining tourists confined to private and public game reserves; (ix) holiday resorts except to the extent that they are required for remaining tourists confined to such holiday resort; (x) on-consumption premises, including taverns, shebeens, shisanyama where liquor is sold; (xi) off-consumption premises, including bottle stores, where liquor is sold (xii) off-consumption areas in supermarkets where liquor is sold; (xiii) theatres and cinemas; (xiv) shopping malls and centres (excluding grocery stores and pharmacies); and (xv) taxi ranks, bus depots, train stations and airports; and (d) any other place or premises determined by the Cabinet member responsible for cooperative governance and traditional affairs by direction in the Gazette.".

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