DOCSLIB.ORG

The Sicilian Mafia, a Yogi’S Life, Trinitarios 1 | Page

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Sicilian Mafia, a Yogi’S Life, Trinitarios 1 | Page Dec. 2011 | Vol. 1 Yoga: Quick tips to Live a healthier Lifestyle! Get Naked! Quick and Easy Holiday Recipes With Half the Fat and All the Flavor! Find out signs of eating disorders and where to go for help! Check Out Three ‘Green Lifestyles’ The Sicilian Mafia, A Yogi’s Life, Trinitarios 1 | Page Dr Arini, We would like to start by thanking you for broadening our knowledge on both writing and perfecting literature pieces. It has been a great semester in which our skills have been strengthened and tested. We will surely walk away from this class with skills that will help us through a lifetime. Already were we proven that this class has helped us tremendously, in our effort to create this magazine. Throughout this project our grammatical, creative, and team-building skills were put to test. As a final we found this to be a great, fun and challenging project. We may have faced a few challenges but they were mostly due to the weather. We did feel there was not enough to get everything done and perfected as we would have liked, but the timing was in itself a great challenge. Otherwise, this magazine project was all around fun and gave us the liberty to make a beautiful creation of our own. Thank you for such an incredible and inspiring semester Amorette Becerra Emily Cordero Vanessa Patrick Assistant Editor Editor Copy Editor Art Designer Art Designer Art Designer Advertisements Advertisements Advertisements 2 | Page 4. Embryonic Stem Cell Research 9. The Om In Yoga? 13. Stuffed Bell Pepper Recipe 14. The Sicilian Mafia 20. Eating Disorders 27. My Mother 32. Trinitarios 37. Sudoku 39. Horoscopes 41. Mixed Berry Trifle Recipe 3 | Page EMBRYONIC STEM CELL RESEARCH By Emily Cordero Therefore, because embryonic stem cells are easily manipulated, they have Stem cells: Cells that are highly become a favorite of scientists when adaptable, have not yet become a performing stem cell research. Shortly particular cell, and can regenerate after, scientists had become interested in themselves apprehensively. Embryonic human embryonic stem cells and the stem cell research in itself is very potential trial applications in challenging and has many problems; regenerative medicine that they could from problems within the research to provide. Because of the things they problems within its ethics (Magnus). were doing, and the effects that the Many have heard of stem cells, of the research had on the embryos, many research, and of the controversy people became concerned and angered surrounding, but many still find with the research (Solter). themselves asking exactly what stem cell research is. This highly controversial In order to perform the research of subject of research has left people with embryonic stem cells a scientist must their jaws on the ground, and scientists take stem cells from a blastocyst; this with their heads deep in thought, when usually occurs four days after an egg is the tests are done and the details are fertilized and the embryo consists of an revealed. outer layer of cells, which will soon become the placenta, and a couple of Stem cell research had become of inner cells that will become the fetus. interest in the 1950’s, but really got its The stem cells are then placed into start in the 1970’s when more sanitized culture dishes with a culture researchers had become interested in the medium (this will help the stem cell to subject. In the 1980’s, scientists had continue to live, grow, and multiply) for done a successful study on the several days. Stem cells will eventually embryonic cells of mice and had realized cover the whole culture medium inside that the mouse’s embryonic stem cells the culture dish, and then the scientist could be isolated and used as a power will be able to take them from the house for whatever type of cell they original dish and transfer them to other wanted it to be. dishes until they have a “line” of stem cells. They then can use the stem cells for many different forms of research such as finding a cure to diseases, gene repair, and making regenerative cells. This research will often be done time and time again to make sure that they have 4 | Page the most accurate findings (McRae). Therefore, it seems as if embryonic stem cell research is nothing but positive. Unfortunately, along with these incredible break-through’s, there comes cons, consequences and controversy. In order for a scientist to do embryonic stem cell research, they must take stem cells from a human embryo. This means that an egg and a sperm that have conjoined and would grow into a baby human, is taken for research and that embryo will never be able to grow into a human adult. This alone upsets many Of course with all research done there people and they say it is very unethical. are pros and cons. Although, embryonic They claim that no life should ever have stem cell research can really help in the to be lost, and they believe that the fight to find a cure to many diseases and researchers are “playing God” and find it can be crucial in fixing birth defects that very offensive. Later on in life, people can occur in the birth of babies. The fear that with the research of embryonic research can help scientists to gain more stem cell research, a way to start cloning knowledge on subjects that before didn’t will be found and many people think that have set ways to be studied. When should never happen. researching stem cells, they can gain a better look into exactly how a disease is ‘They claim that no life should ever have going to form within a gene and what to be lost, and they believe that the they can do to prevent it, and can even researchers are “playing God”’ take out certain genes that are bound to cause problems later on in a person’s The problem with stem cell research life. Researchers are able to easily being “unethical” because they are manipulate these cells, which means harming one human life seems as if it they can study the making of and should be countered with the fact that it development of cells ranging from germ can save many human lives. It is often cells to cancer cells. In the long run this paired with that of the beliefs of means that they will be able to better abortion, that a life lost is a life lost. explain and find ways to treat potentially Once an embryo is used for stem cell harmful developing cells. Also, along research, that embryo will now only be with the health benefits to humans, stem used for research because it cannot cell research is a good way to potentially possibly become a human. The problem gain economic wealth. Although, the with justifying it, is the fact that no promise of economic wealth is only an human or embryo should have to not be expectation by government and able to exist, to save other’s lives. This scientists; it is expected to bring a great is where the controversy is most amount of economic gain (Caulfield). commonly seen, many people believe that yes, the research is unethical, but 5 | Page maybe it can be pardoned because it can the controversy of stem cell research is potentially save many people’s lives. widely diverse; it effects the Although, it is never that black and government, the people, and the ethics white, and it seems that it isn’t possible that everyone lives by in a day-to-day to take either side and feel as if one is life ("Obama Ends Stem Cell Research completely right; this leaves many Ban"). people confused on which side they should take. “Medical miracles do not The controversy surrounding this subject happen simply by is largely debated, by both the people accident” and the government. Many claim it to be unethical, while still others believe that The problem with embryonic stem cell it is what has to happen in order to grow research is, even if the scientists were to and develop as scientists, and society as practice a more respectful way of both a whole. There is a fine line to be manipulating and contracting the stem crossed, yet no one really knows quite cells, it would not get rid of all the where to draw that line and for what controversy; people will always see it as reasons. In 2001, President Bush had unethical. There are many things being declared that he was limiting the amount done in order to protest the lack of ethics of tax payer’s money used to fund stem involved in the research. It is a case that cell research, and the researchers could seems will always have controversy and now only use the stem cell lines that will have to be fought in order to be able were made before Bush’s decision; to be performed (Robertson). which was only twenty-one. He claimed that he was protecting human lives, Embryonic stem cell research, from the because “days-old-fetuses” shouldn’t be pros, to the cons, to the controversy, it is slaughtered for research. a subject that will always be highly regarded and will go down in history. “Days old fetuses The amount of attention given to stem shouldn’t be slaughtered cell research makes a big landmark in both the scientific and social history, and for research” someday maybe it will be something to be banned or to be widely accepted.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Page 1 of 279 FLORIDA LRC DECISIONS
    FLORIDA LRC DECISIONS. January 01, 2012 to Date 2019/06/19 TITLE / EDITION OR ISSUE / AUTHOR OR EDITOR ACTION RULE MEETING (Titles beginning with "A", "An", or "The" will be listed according to the (Rejected / AUTH. DATE second/next word in title.) Approved) (Rejectio (YYYY/MM/DD) ns) 10 DAI THOU TUONG TRUNG QUAC. BY DONG VAN. REJECTED 3D 2017/07/06 10 DAI VAN HAO TRUNG QUOC. PUBLISHER NHA XUAT BAN VAN HOC. REJECTED 3D 2017/07/06 10 POWER REPORTS. SUPPLEMENT TO MEN'S HEALTH REJECTED 3IJ 2013/03/28 10 WORST PSYCHOPATHS: THE MOST DEPRAVED KILLERS IN HISTORY. BY VICTOR REJECTED 3M 2017/06/01 MCQUEEN. 100 + YEARS OF CASE LAW PROVIDING RIGHTS TO TRAVEL ON ROADS WITHOUT A APPROVED 2018/08/09 LICENSE. 100 AMAZING FACTS ABOUT THE NEGRO. BY J. A. ROGERS. APPROVED 2015/10/14 100 BEST SOLITAIRE GAMES. BY SLOANE LEE, ETAL REJECTED 3M 2013/07/17 100 CARD GAMES FOR ALL THE FAMILY. BY JEREMY HARWOOD. REJECTED 3M 2016/06/22 100 COOL MUSHROOMS. BY MICHAEL KUO & ANDY METHVEN. REJECTED 3C 2019/02/06 100 DEADLY SKILLS SURVIVAL EDITION. BY CLINT EVERSON, NAVEL SEAL, RET. REJECTED 3M 2018/09/12 100 HOT AND SEXY STORIES. BY ANTONIA ALLUPATO. © 2012. APPROVED 2014/12/17 100 HOT SEX POSITIONS. BY TRACEY COX. REJECTED 3I 3J 2014/12/17 100 MOST INFAMOUS CRIMINALS. BY JO DURDEN SMITH. APPROVED 2019/01/09 100 NO- EQUIPMENT WORKOUTS. BY NEILA REY. REJECTED 3M 2018/03/21 100 WAYS TO WIN A TEN-SPOT. BY PAUL ZENON REJECTED 3E, 3M 2015/09/09 1000 BIKER TATTOOS.
    [Show full text]
  • 21St-Century Yakuza: Recent Trends in Organized Crime in Japan ~Part 1 ２１世紀のやくざ ―― 日本における組織犯罪の最近動 向
    Volume 10 | Issue 7 | Number 2 | Article ID 3688 | Feb 11, 2012 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus 21st-Century Yakuza: Recent Trends in Organized Crime in Japan ~Part 1 ２１世紀のやくざ ―― 日本における組織犯罪の最近動 向 Andrew Rankin government called on yakuza bosses to lend tens of thousands of their men as security 21st-Century Yakuza: Recent Trends guards.6 Corruption scandals entwined in Organized Crime in Japan ~ Part parliamentary lawmakers and yakuza 1 21 世紀のやくざ ―― 日本における lawbreakers throughout the 1970s and 1980s. 組織犯罪の最近動向 One history of Japan would be a history of gangs: official gangs and unofficial gangs. The Andrew Rankin relationships between the two sides are complex and fluid, with boundaries continually I - The Structure and Activities of the being reassessed, redrawn, or erased. Yakuza The important role played by the yakuza in Japan has had a love-hate relationship with its Japan’s postwar economic rise is well 7 outlaws. Medieval seafaring bands freelanced documented. But in the late 1980s, when it as mercenaries for the warlords or provided became clear that the gangs had progressed far security for trading vessels; when not needed beyond their traditional rackets into real estate they were hunted as pirates.1 Horse-thieves development, stock market speculation and and mounted raiders sold their skills to military full-fledged corporate management, the tide households in return for a degree of tolerance turned against them. For the past two decades toward their banditry.2 In the 1600s urban the yakuza have faced stricter anti-organized street gangs policed their own neighborhoods crime laws, more aggressive law enforcement, while fighting with samurai in the service of the and rising intolerance toward their presence Shogun.
    [Show full text]
  • Gang Wars Background Guide.Pdf
    Chair’s Letter Dear Delegates, We are delighted to welcome you to the Gang Wars Crisis Committee as part of the third Kent School Model United Nations Conference. Your chair for the committee is Brandon Schuster ‘19; he have been part of KSMUN for the past three years. Brandon has chaired the EU Committee on Migration (KSMUN ‘17) and the Cuban Missile Crisis (‘18) in the past two years and is now the Under Secretary-General for Logistics. He also runs cross country, is a coxswain for the crew team, and is co-president of Grilling Club. I am so excited to have you in my committee! Our committee deals with the Apalachin meeting of 1957, where the five main bosses of the New York crime scene gathered in upstate New York to discuss their futures. After decades of a stable conservative majority in The Commission, the structure of organization for America’s mafia, the 1950s have brought about a new liberal movement. At this meeting, some expect to be elected the new Chairman of the Commission, some are pushing for liberal reforms, and some are trying to cling on to power. Your goal will be to gain power and influence, represent your delegate and family’s views, and to eventually choose a new leader of the Commission. All are welcome in to join in this committee, but a basic knowledge of the workings of MUN procedure, the history of the American mafia, and the position of your delegate you represent will aid you in preparation for the committee. All delegates are expected to research these things and come ready with the information that they will need, as electronic devices will not be allowed in the debate room.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 the Emergence of Gangs in the United States— Then and Now
    Chapter 1 The Emergence of Gangs in the United States— Then and Now CHAPTER OBJECTIVES î Examine the emergence of gangs in the United States. î Explore where gangs from New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles first emerged. î Identify the differences and similarities between each regions growth of gangs. î Examine the emergence of Black and Hispanic/Latino gangs. î Describe the newest gang trends throughout the United States. “The Cat’s Alleys,” the Degraw Street Gang, the Sackett Street gang, “The Harrisons,” the Bush Street Gang, and 21 other boys’ gangs were the subjects of a report of the New York State Crime Commission which told, last week, of its findings in the Red Hook section of Brooklyn. The boys who comprise the gangs have to undergo rigorous initiations before being qualified for membership. In one of the more exclusive gangs initiates, usually aged about nine, have to drink twelve glasses of dago-red wine and have a revolver pressed into their temples while they take the pledge. Source: Gangs (1927). Time, 9(13), 11. Introduction The above excerpt comes from a 1927 article in Time Magazine that identifies local gangs in New York City and their activities. However, gangs existed long before any established city in the United States. British crime chronicler, Luke Pike (1873), reported that the first 1 ch01.indd 1 12/23/15 9:08 AM 2 Chapter 1: The Emergence of Gangs in the United States—Then and Now set of active gangs were in Europe. During those times, they were better known as highway robbers.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Solutions to the Organized Crime Problem in Russia Lessons Learned from Social and Legal Approaches Employed in the United States, Great Britain, and Sicily
    Proposed Solutions to the Organized Crime Problem in Russia Lessons Learned from Social and Legal Approaches Employed in the United States, Great Britain, and Sicily JOSEPH L. ALBINI AND R. E. ROGERS rganized crime has become one of the major problems facing the modern Oworld. It no longer exists within the boundaries of individual countries; today, primarily because of advances in communication and transportation tech- nology, the organized criminal has become a citizen of the world, unwelcome, but nonetheless there. It is naive to view the phenomenon of organized crime in provincial terms as has become the fashion of those who point to Russia as experiencing a volatile and unique epidemic of this form of criminality.1 Every major country—the Unit- ed States, Germany, Great Britain, Columbia, China, and Japan, to mention only a few—is engaged in its own war on organized crime. In responding to the specific and rapidly increasing threat of organized crime currently facing Russia and the Russian people, we believe it to be a challenge and obligation of social scientists, along with specialists from other disciplines, to offer solutions. In that spirit and framework, we seek to offer solutions to the problem of Russian organized crime by drawing comparisons with the results of measures that have been attempted in the United States. Although we respect the conclusion drawn by scholars at the conference “The Black Market as a Political System,” as reported in the Moscow News,2 that there is no sociological solution to the mafia problem in Russia, we believe that there is a solution.
    [Show full text]
  • Organized Crime Networks: an Application of Network Analysis Techniques to the American Mafia
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Essex Research Repository Review of Network Economics Volume 11, Issue 3 2012 Article 10 Organized Crime Networks: an Application of Network Analysis Techniques to the American Mafia Giovanni Mastrobuoni, Collegio Carlo Alberto Eleonora Patacchini, La Sapienza Università di Roma, EIEF, CEPR and IZA Recommended Citation: Mastrobuoni, Giovanni and Patacchini, Eleonora (2012) "Organized Crime Networks: an Application of Network Analysis Techniques to the American Mafia," Review of Network Economics: Vol. 11: Iss. 3, Article 10. DOI: 10.1515/1446-9022.1324 ©2012 De Gruyter. All rights reserved. Brought to you by | Princeton University Library Authenticated | 128.112.203.193 Download Date | 10/18/12 3:54 PM Organized Crime Networks: an Application of Network Analysis Techniques to the American Mafia Giovanni Mastrobuoni and Eleonora Patacchini Abstract Using a unique data set on criminal profiles of 800 US Mafia members active in the 1950s and 1960s and on their connections within the Cosa Nostra network, we use simple network analysis techniques to document the structure and composition of the geometry of criminal ties between mobsters. The use of different network centrality measures allows us to collect evidence in line with so far only conjectured views on the functioning of the Mafia. In particular, we shed light on the extent to which family relationships, community roots and ties, legal and illegal activities predict the criminal ranking of the “men of honor,” suggesting the main characteristics that can be used to detect criminal leaders. Our results are remarkably in line with the evidence that mafia organizations tend to be extremely hierarchical.
    [Show full text]
  • Team 7 Executive Summary
    Team 7 Executive Summary Between the 1950s and 2000s, the Gambino crime family was the most successful and feared organized crime family in the United States. Recent years, however, have seen the family relegated to the background. This report seeks to address the question: how did leadership style contribute to the declining influence of the New York Mafia? Starting from the 1930s, five major Italian-American Mafia crime organizations dominated crime in the New York City. The five organizations were later named as the Five Families, namely the Bonanno/Massino Family, Colombo Family, Gambino Family, Genovese Family and Lucchese Family, with the Gambinos as the most notorious mafia crime family. It was founded after the Castellammarese War of 1931 and was promoted by Carlo Gambino starting in 1957. Gambino’s regime was marked by his iron-fisted toughness and private lifestyle; it was upon these two pillars coupled by his criminal and business savvy that allowed Gambino to lead the family to dominance and made him almost untouchable to the FBI. Castellano had a natural ability as a business leader, but lacked the leadership qualities that were necessary to lead an organization as rooted in tradition as the Gambino family. Though he was the most successful economic leaders in the American Mafia, there was a major disconnect between himself and his employees. Ultimately, neglecting tradition and the “family” aspect of the organization led to his downfall. However, his impact stretched past his own tenure, as he left the organization in a more fractured state then when he arrived. Gotti took an entirely new approach through his irresponsible leadership style by working around core family rules and adopting his own personal idea of what a leader should be portrayed as specifically through his obsession with publicity and fame.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada, US-EU Beef Hormone Dispute
    C Canada, US-EU Beef Hormone highlights the challenges of dealing with con- Dispute sumer suspicions of a technology to all intents and purposes deemed “safe,” the conflict between Jill E. Hobbs a precautionary principle approach to technology Bioresource Policy, Business and Economics, versus a science-based risk assessment approach, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, and the challenges for the international trade SK, Canada architecture in distinguishing between policies motivated by nefarious protectionism and genu- ine consumer concerns. At the heart of the ethical Synonyms dilemma posed by the US-EU beef hormone dis- pute is the reality that the World Trade Organi- Consumer preferences; Growth-promoting hor- zation (WTO) was not set up to deal with mones; Labeling; Precautionary principle; Risk consumers’ demands for protection (who are usu- assessment; Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agree- ally expected to benefit from trade liberaliza- ment; WTO dispute panel tion) – its primary focus traditionally has been demands for protection from domestic producers. The beef hormone dispute proved to be Introduction a challenging first test of the WTO dispute settle- ment mechanism. Citing public anxieties about the use of hormones This essay outlines the origins of the US-EU in livestock production in the 1980s, the Euro- beef hormone dispute and traces the turbulent pean Union (EU) banned the nontherapeutic use history of the dispute through various WTO rul- of a number of synthetic and naturally occurring ings, responses, and outcomes. The chief argu- hormones in domestic beef production and sub- ments put forth by the EU in defense of its beef sequently banned imports of beef produced using import ban and by the USA and Canada in chal- these productivity-enhancing hormones.
    [Show full text]
  • The Value of Connections: Evidence from the Italian-American Mafia
    The Value of Connections: Evidence from the Italian-American Mafia ∗ Giovanni Mastrobuoni† September 2013‡ Abstract Using declassified Federal Bureau of Narcotics records on 800 US Mafia mem- bers active in the 1950s and 1960s, and on their connections within the Cosa Nostra network, I estimate network effects on gangsters’ economic status. Lacking informa- tion on criminal proceeds, I measure economic status exploiting detailed information about their place of residence. Housing values are reconstructed using current de- flated transactions recorded on Zillow.com. I deal with the potential reverse causality between the economic status and the gangster’s position in the network exploiting exogenous exposure to potential pre-immigration connections. In the absence of pre-immigration data I use the informational content of surnames, called isonomy, to measure the place of origin. The instrument is valid as long as conditional on the characteristics of the gang- sters (including his region of birth) such exposure influences the gangsters’ position inside the network but not the preference for specific housing needs. A standard deviation increase in closeness centrality increases economic status by about one standard deviation (100 percent). Keywords: Mafia, Networks, Centrality, Housing Prices, Value of Connections, Crime, Surnames, Isonomy. JEL classification codes: A14, C21, D23, D85, K42, Z13 ∗I would like to thank Edoardo Gallo and Michele Pellizzari for their comments. Martino Bernardi, Isabella David, and Dominic Smith have provided excellent research assistance. †Department of Economics, University of Essex, [email protected]. ‡© 2013 by Giovanni Mastrobuoni. Any opinions expressed here are those of the author. 1 Introduction In January 2011, exactly 50 years after Robert F.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Studies of U.S. Law Enforcement Techniques Against Organized Crime Groups
    CASE STUDIES OF U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT TECHNIQUES AGAINST ORGANIZED CRIME GROUPS Joseph K. Wheatley＊ I. INTRODUCTION U.S. law enforcement authorities face a variety of domestic and transnational organized crime groups. Those groups run the gamut in the types of crimes committed; structure and unifying purposes; from small to large in size; and from local to regional to national and transnational in scope. While not statutorily binding, there are several major definitions of organized crime in the United States, including the following two definitions, which may aid decision-makers in setting priorities and focusing resources as new criminal threats are identified and prosecuted. In 1986, the Presidentʼs Commission on Organized Crime released a report, which listed six characteristics of organized crime groups: The criminal group is a continuing, structured collectivity of persons who utilize criminality, violence, and a willingness to corrupt in order to gain and maintain power and profit. The characteristics of the criminal group, which must be evidenced concurrently, are: [1] continuity, [2] structure, [3] criminality, [4] violence, [5] membership based on a common denominator, [6] a willingness to corrupt and a power/profit goal.1 In 2008, the Law Enforcement Strategy to Combat International Organized Crime defined international organized crime groups as: [T]hose self-perpetuating associations of individuals who operate internationally for the purpose of obtaining power, influence, monetary and/or commercial gains, wholly or in part by illegal means, while protecting their activities through a pattern of corruption and/or violence. There is no single structure under which international organized criminals operate; they vary from hierarchies to clans, networks and cells, and may evolve to other structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Organized Crime Networks: Evidence Based on Federal Bureau of Narcotics Secret Files on American Mafia
    Understanding Organized Crime Networks: Evidence Based on Federal Bureau of Narcotics Secret Files on American Mafia Giovanni Mastrobuoni Eleonora Patacchini No. 152 September 2010 www.carloalberto.org/working_papers © 2010 by Giovanni Mastrobuoni and Eleonora Patacchini. Any opinions expressed here are those of the authors and not those of the Collegio Carlo Alberto. Understanding Organized Crime Networks: Evidence Based on Federal Bureau of Narcotics Secret Files on American Mafia ∗ Giovanni Mastrobuoni†and Eleonora Patacchini.‡ September 2010§ ∗We would like to thank Theo Diasakos, Jim Heckman, Matthew Jackson, Claudio Lucifora, Franco Peracchi, Rocco Sciarrone, Serena Uccello, Aleksey Tetenov and seminar participants at the Workshop on the “Economics of Crime and Organized Crime” in Palermo, the one on “Institutions, Individual Behavior and Economic Outcomes” in Alghero, and the one in Petralia for their useful comments. Martino Bernardi, Isabella David, Filippo Maggi, and Dominic Smith have provided excellent research assistance. This research was supported by a Collegio Carlo Alberto grant. Giovanni Mastrobuoni thanks the Italian Academy at Columbia University for their hospitality. †Corresponding author. Associate Research Scholar, Italian Acedemy, Columbia University, Collegio Carlo Alberto and CeRP, Via Real Collegio 30, Moncalieri, Italy, [email protected]. ‡Department of Economic and Social Analysis, Universit`ala Sapienza, EIEF, IZA, and CEPR, P.le A. Moro 5 - 00185 Roma, Italy, [email protected] § © 2010 by Giovanni Mastrobuoni and Eleonora Patacchini. Any opinions expressed here are those of the authors and not those of the Collegio Carlo Alberto. 1 Abstract Using unique data on criminal profiles of 800 US Mafia members active in the 50s and 60s and on their connections within the Cosa Nostra network we analyze how the geometry of criminal ties between mobsters depends on family ties, community roots and ties, legal and illegal activities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Irish-American Gangster in Film
    Farrell 1 THE IRISH-AMERICAN GANGSTER IN FILM By Professor Steven G. Farrell 1 Farrell 2 When The Godfather was released in the early seventies, it effectively created a myth of the virtually unbeatable Italian crime family for the American public that endured for the remainder of the century. This film also effectively eliminated all other white ethnic organized gangs from the silver screen, as well as from the public’s eye. Hollywood, as we shall see, had their history wrong in this case. The Italian Mafia was never as invincible as Hollywood depicted it on film, nor did they always have everything their own way when it came to illegal activities. It wasn’t until the close of the last century that the film industry began to expose the old-time hoods as being fallible and besieged on all sides from new criminal elements connected with newly arrived immigrant groups. The Cubans, Russians and the Colombian hoods, along with the longer established African and Mexican American gangs, had begun to nibble away at the turf long controlled by the almighty Italian mob. As the paradigm of the urban underworld began to shift to reflect the new realities of the global economy, another look at the past by historians and Hollywood is revealing that the Italian gang never had absolute power as it was once commonly believed. The Irish hoodlums, to single out the subject of this paper, were actually engaged in gangland activities years before the arrival of the Italians and the Irish also competed with the Italians up until recently.
    [Show full text]