Planning Charrette Instruction V1.4 (08 May 2015)
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Accessibility Through User-Centred Design and Inclusive Design Processes
ACCESSIBILITY THROUGH USER-CENTRED DESIGN AND INCLUSIVE DESIGN PROCESSES 2014 Richard Herriott Side 1 af 3 This PhD dissertation addresses the subject of accessibility through user- centred and Inclusive Design processes (ID). The project takes as its starting point the observation that the concept of Inclusive Design is not adequately delimited. The supporting literature in the field of ID is structured around the fact that the needs of individuals with reduced capabilities compared to the norm (referred to for convenience as "the elderly and disabled") have not been properly addressed by standard design processes. In response to this fact, ID is a proposed design method to find more effective means to improve the usability of consumer goods. The method focusses on using a wide range of techniques to identify user needs, chiefly deployed at the start of the design process but also emphasises involvement at middle to final stages. The research question that this dissertation is centred upon is: can ID be delimited by examining design for accessibility in the areas of assistive technology (AT) and public transport (PT) with reference to consumer product design? Whilst a considerable body of literature exists on why ID should be done (technical and ethical reasons) and on methods to achieve this aim, there has not been made an attempt to define the limits of ID methods. No process or design method is universal. There is a means, ID, and an objective or end, accessibility for a much broader range of users but in existing literature the means and ends are not disentangled. Whilst accessibility is a constant requirement, the methods outlined to achieve this end are presented on the assumption that approaches intended for design for mainstream consumer products are universally applicable. -
Inclusion by Design Equality, Diversity and the Built Environment 5642 A4:Layout 1 21/11/08 09:30 Page 2
5642_A4:Layout 1 20/11/08 10:43 Page 1 Inclusion by design Equality, diversity and the built environment 5642_A4:Layout 1 21/11/08 09:30 Page 2 Published in 2008 by the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. CABE is the government’s advisor on architecture, urban design and public space. As a public body, we encourage policymakers to create places that work for people. We help local planners apply national design policy and advise developers and architects, persuading them to put people’s needs first. We show public sector clients how to commission projects that meet the needs of their users. And we seek to inspire the public to demand more from their buildings and spaces. Advising, influencing and inspiring, we work to create well-designed, welcoming places. Cover photo: Barking Town Centre, © Tim Soar Printed by Seacourt Ltd on Revive recycled paper, using the waterless offset printing process (0 per cent water and 0 per cent isopropyl alcohol or harmful substitutes), 100 per cent renewable energy and vegetable oil-based inks. Seacourt Ltd holds EMAS and ISO 14001 environmental accreditations. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, copied or transmitted without the prior written consent of the publisher except that the material may be photocopied for non-commercial purposes without permission from the publisher. This document is available in alternative formats on request from the publisher. 5642_A4:Layout 1 20/11/08 10:43 Page 3 Inclusion by design The quality of buildings and spaces has a strong influence on the quality of people’s lives . -
Design Guide: Real Estate Development Designing and Developing Real Estate and Community
DESIGN GUIDE: REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING REAL ESTATE AND COMMUNITY DESIGN DEVELOPMENT HOW DESIGN SUPPORTS DESIGNING ACCESSIBLE, DEVELOPMENT WELCOMING, & SUSTAINABLE PLACES 2 DESIGN GUIDE: REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING REAL ESTATE AND COMMUNITY DESIGN DEVELOPMENT HOW DESIGN SUPPORTS DESIGNING ACCESSIBLE, DEVELOPMENT WELCOMING, & SUSTAINABLE PLACES 4 SECTION 1 WHAT IS DESIGN? 12 Design Disciplines 15 What a Designer Does 16 Design Principles 18 Design Solutions 19 Design Should Inspire 20 Beyond Aesthetics 10-33 24 Hiring the Right Designer SECTION 2 REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT 37 Who Is a Developer? 37 Types of Projects 42 Policy Shapes Development 44 Development Shapes a City’s Identity 34-55 49 Prioritizing Development Outcomes SECTION 3 HOW DESIGN SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT 59 The People Involved 60 Setting Yourself Up for Success 62 Phases of the Development Journey 56-93 63 How Designers Support the Development Process Design Core Detroit 5 SECTION 4 DESIGNING ACCESSIBLE, WELCOMING, & SUSTAINABLE PLACES 97 Universal Design 103 Inclusive Design 94-111 110 Sustainable Design SECTION 5 Estate Guide: Real Design CASE STUDIES 115 Grace in Action 118 Allied Media Projects “LOVE” Building 121 Core City Developments 124 Commonwealth Single-Family House Infill 126 B. Siegel Building 112-129 128 Foundation Hotel 130 Conclusion 134 Glossary 142 Appendices 155 Resources 160 Acknowledgments 162 References 130-162 6 Strengthening the Built Environment Through Design This Guide was produced by Design Core Detroit as one of a series of Guides to help people understand design and how it can help them be more successful in their endeavors. It seeks to inspire, inform, and advise. -
Inclusive Design for Mobile Devices with WCAG and Attentional Resources in Mind
Linköping University | Department of Computer and Information Science Master’s thesis, 30 credits | Cognitive science Spring term 2020 | ISRN: LIU-IDA/KOGVET-A--20/010--SE Inclusive Design for Mobile Devices with WCAG and Attentional Resources in Mind An investigation of the sufficiency of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines when designing inclusively and the effects of limited attentional resources. Josefin Carlbring Tutor: Erik Marsja (IBL) Examinator: Arne Jönsson (IDA) Copyright The publishers will keep this document online on the Internet – or its possible replacement – for a period of 25 years starting from the date of publication barring exceptional circumstances. The online availability of the document implies permanent permission for anyone to read, to download, or to print out single copies for his/hers own use and to use it unchanged for non-commercial research and educational purpose. Subsequent transfers of copyright cannot revoke this permission. All other uses of the document are conditional upon the consent of the copyright owner. The publisher has taken technical and administrative measures to assure authenticity, security and accessibility. According to intellectual property law the author has the right to be mentioned when his/her work is accessed as described above and to be protected against infringement. For additional information about the Linköping University Electronic Press and its procedures for publication and for assurance of document integrity, please refer to its www home page: http://www.ep.liu.se/. © Josefin Carlbring ii iii Abstract When designing for the general population it is important to design inclusively in order to invite to participation in today’s digital society. -
Design Charrette
CHARDON TOMORROWUPTOWN Design Charrette i Prepared for: Chardon Tomorrow P.O. Box 1068 Chardon, OH 44024 Ph: 440.273.3077 Email: [email protected] By: Kent State University’s Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative 1309 Euclid Avenue, Suite 200 Cleveland,OH 44106 Ph: 216.357.3434 Email: [email protected] CHARDON TOMORROWUPTOWN Design Charrette TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 01 INTRODUCTION 03 Chardon Tomorrow Previous Initiatives UPTOWN DESIGN CHARRETTE 07 Goals Breakout Session # 1 - Development Breakout Session # 2 - Town Square Breakout Session # 3 - Access & Connectivity IDEAS 15 Small Business Incubator Institutional Anchor Design Guidelines Mixed Use Development Pedestrian-ize Short Court Street Enhance Streetscape Create Child Friendly Park Enhance Courthouse Create Shared Parking Create Safe, Pedestrian Circulators Divert Truck Traffic Bike-friendly Signage and Amenities CASE STUDIES 27 Culpeper, Virginia Kentwood, Michigan Bath, Maine NEXT STEPS 31 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY For the past few years, Chardon Tomorrow has been There were concurrent ideas for these topics developed Development: engaged in visioning and planning exercises to help in each of the three groups. For instance, each group Small Business Incubator create a road map for Chardon’s future. These initiatives suggested that Short Court Street be converted to a Institutional Anchor are aimed at preserving and fostering Chardon’s unique pedestrian and bike-friendly walkway. Another idea with sense of place while achieving economic prosperity broad support is the creation of shared parking spaces Design Guidelines and quality of life. As a next step in their efforts to build on each side of the Square so that patrons can park once Mixed Use Development momentum and engage key stakeholders in this process, and walk easily to various businesses on the Square. -
What Is Universal Design…Inclusive Design…Design-For-All?
What is universal design…inclusive design…design-for-all? …a framework for the design of places, things, information, communication and policy that focuses on the user, on the widest range of people operating in the widest range of situations without special or separate design. Or, more simply: Human-Centered design (of everything) with everyone in mind Universal Design Principles: Equitable Use: The design does not disadvantage or stigmatize any group of users. Flexibility in Use: The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities. Simple, Intuitive Use: Use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level. Perceptible Information: The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities. Tolerance for Error: The design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions. Low Physical Effort: The design can be used efficiently and comfortably, and with a minimum of fatigue. Size and Space for Approach & Use: Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use, regardless of the user’s body size, posture, or mobility. [Developed by a group of US designers and design educators from five organizations in 1997. Principles are copyrighted to the Center for Universal Design, School of Design, State University of North Carolina at Raleigh. The Principles are in use internationally.] Relationship between Legally Mandated Accessibility & Inclusive Design Legally mandated requirements for accessible design, within a civil or human rights context, provide a vital basis for autonomy and equal opportunity for people with disabilities. -
INCLUSIVE DESIGN Topic Leader: Professor Nicholas J
INCLUSIVE DESIGN Topic Leader: Professor Nicholas J. Ward Assistant Professor Bernadette McCrory Associate Teaching Professor Frank Marchak Assistant Teaching Professor Maria Velazquez Definition It is socially responsible to design products, services and systems that are responsive to the needs of most people. Such design should also be compatible with the culture of user communities and sustain their local environments. In this context, Inclusive Design1 is an intentional process to involve all relevant user communities in the design process to create solutions that provide usable and meaningful access to products, services and systems for most people .2 Successful Inclusive Design can improve quality of life amongst diverse user communities in a way that respects their local culture and protects the shared environment. Inclusive Design can produce a single solution by integrating features to address the needs of diverse user communities. For example, this staircase integrates steps with ramps for access by users requiring wheelchair. Inclusive Design can also produce a single solution with special features to include a target user community but is also usable by other users. For example, Oxo Good Grip3 is a utensil design with oversized handles for arthritic users to comfortably operate them, which is also comfortable for other users.4 1 “Inclusive Design” originated in Europe and primarily focuses on the design of technology and considers all forms of exclusion. The related term “Universal Design” originated in the USA and primarily -
The Principles of Inclusive Design: They Include
The principles of inclusive design. (They include you.) Published in 2006 by the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. Written by by Howard Fletcher. Graphic design by Alexander Boxill. Photography by Michele Turriani. Many thanks to the models who gave up their time to be photographed for this project. Printed by Lithosphere on Starfine environmentally friendly paper. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, copied or transmitted without the prior written consent of the publisher except that the material may be photocopied for non-commercial purposes without permission from the publisher. This document is available in alternative formats on request from the publisher. CABE is the government's advisor on architecture, urban design and public space. As a public body, we encourage policymakers to create places that work for people. We help local planners apply national design policy and offer expert advice to developers and architects. We show public sector clients how to commission buildings that meet the needs of their users. And we seek to inspire the public to demand more from their buildings and spaces. Advising, influencing and inspiring, we work to create well-designed, welcoming places. CABE 1 Kemble Street London WC2B 4AN T 020 7070 6700 F 020 7070 6777 E [email protected] www.cabe.org.uk Inclusive design is about making places everyone can use. The way places are designed affects our ability to move, see, hear and communicate effectively. Inclusive design aims to remove the barriers that create undue effort and separation. -
Whole-Building Design
Chapter 2: Whole-Building Design Whole-Building Design – the What and How Articulating and Communicating a Vision Creating an Integrated Project Team Developing Project Goals Design and Execution Phases Decision-Making Process Writing Sustainable F&OR Documents Specific Sustainable Elements of F&OR Documents Fitting into the LANL Design Process LANL | Chapter 2 Whole-Building Design – the What and How Sustainable design can most easily be achieved through Sustainable design is most effective when applied at the Whole-Building Design a whole-building design process. earliest stages of a design. This philosophy of creating a good building must be maintained throughout design The whole-building design process is a multi-disciplinary and construction. strategy that effectively integrates all aspects of site development, building design, construction, and opera The first steps for a sustainable and high-performance tions and maintenance to minimize resource consump building design include: tion and environmental impacts. Think of all the pieces Creating a vision for the project and setting design of a building design as a single system, from the onset performance goals. of the conceptual design through completion of the commissioning process. An integrated design can save Forming a strong, all-inclusive project team. money in energy and operating costs, cut down on Outlining important first steps to take in achieving expensive repairs over the lifetime of the building, and Creating a Sustainable Building a sustainable design. reduce the building’s total environmental impact. requires a well-thought-out, Realizing sustainable design within the LANL Process is key. Ensuring that a LANL building will be established design process. -
A Handbook for Planning and Conducting Charrettes for High-Performance Projects
August 2003 • NREL/BK-710-33425 A Handbook for Planning and Conducting Charrettes for High-Performance Projects Gail Lindsey, FAIA Design Harmony, Inc. Joel Ann Todd Environmental Consultant Sheila J. Hayter National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 August 2003 • NREL/BK-710-33425 A Handbook for Planning and Conducting Charrettes for High-Performance Projects Gail Lindsey, FAIA Design Harmony, Inc. Joel Ann Todd Environmental Consultant Sheila J. Hayter National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. -
The Economic Explanation of Inclusive Design in Different Stages of Product Life Time
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING DESIGN, ICED19 5-8 AUGUST 2019, DELFT, THE NETHERLANDS THE ECONOMIC EXPLANATION OF INCLUSIVE DESIGN IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF PRODUCT LIFE TIME Li, Fang (1,3); Dong, Hua (2) 1: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University; 2: College of Design and Innovation, Tongji University; 3: Institute of International Exchange, Shanghai Open University ABSTRACT The static data obtained from user research are not sufficient to accurately reflect the change of the user's needs and capabilities in different contexts. Not paying enough attention to the economic feasibility of design solutions makes inclusive design face challenges in commercialization. In this paper, the user's demand is regarded as a function of the dynamic interaction between the user's characteristics and the environment. The inclusion problem is defined from an economic perspective. By distinguishing the stages before and after the delivery of a product, different economic properties of the product are defined. Then the two stages are analysed from the perspective of investment and consumption respectively, and the competition criterion of inclusivity distribution and the reasons for exclusion are deduced. According to the causes of different problems in the two stages, the research direction of inclusive solutions is pointed out, and the economical sustainability of inclusive design is analysed. This paper emphasizes that the goal of inclusive design lies not only in the partial and temporary elimination of exclusion, but also in how to distribute the freedom of choice. Keywords: Inclusive design, Design theory, Design methodology, User centred design, Design economics Contact: Li, Fang Tongji University College of Architecture and Urban Planning China, People's Republic of [email protected] Cite this article: Li, F., Dong, H. -
User-Centered Approach to Product Design for People with Visual Impairments
https://doi.org/10.24867/GRID-2018-p33 Original scientific paper USER-CENTERED APPROACH TO PRODUCT DESIGN FOR PEOPLE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS Monika Rastovac 1 , Jurica Dolić 2 , Jesenka Pibernik 2 , Lidija Mandić 2 1Q-Bit d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia 2University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate the application of the user-centred design process to the design and development of a product and it’s packaging suitable for people with visual impairments. The product and packaging had to be accessible to stakeholders on both sides - not only to visually impaired end users but also to the workers with visual impairments in the production process. The accessibility features had to function in conjunction with other presentation and functional requirements of the product and packaging. In order to adapt the design for people with visual impairments, research of optimal design process was conducted using combination of contextual design with other user-centred methods. Rapid prototyping was used to create full-scale physical packaging models and product moulding tools for evaluation. Additional subjective evaluation using semantic differential was carried on users without visual impairments to establish the perception of pragmatic and hedonic quality of the packaging. Key words: packaging, product design, visual impairment, Braille, user-centred Design, contextual design 1. INTRODUCTION User-Centred Design (UCD), which is a subset of Human-Centred Design (HCD), is an approach to design of interactive products in which the deep understanding of users’ needs and potentials presents a key factor for design decisions throughout the design process.