TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2009 May 2009 Diseases How to take a good tree sample Normal leaf drop of magnolia and holly Abiotic problems . Cold injury . Mechanical damage . High pH / iron chlorosis Anthracnose (Colletotrichum) on liriope Oak leaf blister (Taphrina) Exobasidium leaf gall of camellia, rhododendron Quince rust (Gymnosporangium clavipes) on callery pear Seiridium canker on Leyland cypress Dog vomit slime mold (Fuligo septica) Lacebug injury on azalea Insects and another arthropod Some common spring scales Galls . Eriophyid mite galls . Homopteran galls . Midge galls . Wasp galls Millipede (live on web cam)
June 2009 Diseases Powdery mildews Daylily leaf streak (Aureobasidium microstictum) Armillaria (mushroom) root rot Southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) . Comparison of southern blight and southern bacterial wilt Tomato spotted wilt virus on tomato . Plant virus “Need to know” facts Glyphosate injury on tomato Root knot nematodes Downy mildew of cucurbits (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) Insects Carrot beetle (Bothynus (=Ligyrus) gibbosus) True bugs . A predatory stink bug (Euthyrhynchus floridanus) . Leaf‐footed bug (Leptoglossus sp.) . Stink bug (Euschistus sp.) Townsend scale (Abgrallaspis townsendi) Snail fecal material True flies . Migrating darkwinged fungus gnat larvae (Bradysia sp.) . Warble/bot fly (Cutereba buccata) European earwig (Forficula auricularia) Page 1 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
July 2009 Diseases Leaf spot on Loropetalum caused by Pseudocercospora Entomosporium leaf spot on Indian hawthorn Botryosphaeria canker on redbud Two rusts on hemlock . Hemlock‐hydrangea rust (Thekopsora hydrangea) . Hemlock twig rust (Melampsora farlowii) Phytoplasma diseases . Confirmations and suspicions on crape myrtle . Aster yellows on marigold, carrot, coneflower . Hydrangea showing virescence . Others Suspected herbicide injury on crape myrtle Foliar nematodes (Aphelenchoides spp.) Tomato woes . Southern bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) . Keep a watch out for late blight (Phytophthora infestans) . Root knot nematode . Septoria leaf spot . Early blight (Alternaria) Insects and other arthropods Mystery photo (cicada tympanum) One of the fishing spiders (Dolomedes sp., probably tenebrosus) Ticks . Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) . American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) Squash bug (Anasa tristis) One of the annual cicadas (Tibicen sp.) Scale insects . Pyriform scale (Protopulvinaria pyriformis) . Pine needle scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae) Beetles . Striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittatum) . Whitefringed beetle (Graphognathus sp.) . Mottled tortoise beetle (Deloyala guttata) Parasitoid wasp pupae, probably Eulophidae Miscellaneous leaftier caterpillars on hardwoods Damage to white oak by unidentified spider mite
August 2009 Diseases Late blight confirmed in Henderson Co. Anthracnose diseases . on English ivy caused by Colletotrichum trichellum . on lima bean caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Black rot of crucifers (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) Wetwood and Slime Flux of hardwood trees Bacterial leaf scorch (Xylella fastidiosa) of oaks, sycamore, grape, and oleander
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Algal leaf spot (Cephaleuros sp.) Nuicance fungi in mulch (dog vomit slime mold; birds’ nest fungi; artillery fungus) J‐rooting and weed‐trimmer damage Insects Greenhouse thrips (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis) Elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa) and hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) Beetles . Cottonwood leaf beetle (Chrysomela scripta) . Green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) Caterpillars . Viceroy butterfly (Limenitis archippus) . Big cranberry spanworm, a.k.a. purplish‐borwn looper (Eutrapela clemataria) Wasps . Paper wasp (Polistes sp.) . Black and yellow mud dauber (Sceliphron caementarium) . One of the potter wasps (Monobia quadridens) Plants Harlequin glory bower, a.k.a. Kashmir boquet (Clerodendrum trichotomum) Virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana)
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2010 March 2010 Insects and another arthropod Boxwood mite (Eurytetranychus buxi) Boxwood leafminer (Monarthropalpus flavus) Scales . Pine oystershell scale (Lepidosaphes pini) . Tea scale (Fiorinia theae) . Townsend scale (Abgrallaspis townsendi) . Peony scale (Pseudaonidia paeoniae) . Cottony soft scales (Pulvinaria spp.) Vegetable weevil (Listroderes difficilis) Tent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.) Cynipid gall wasp (Bassettia pallida) Winter stoneflies (Plecoptera) Feature weed Beach vitex (Vitex rotundifolia) Diseases Sampling tips – woody ornamentals Dogwood diseases . Spot anthracnose of dogwood (Elsinoë corni) . Dogwood anthracnose (Discula destructiva) A Primer on Rose Diseases . Crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) . Canker diseases of rose . Black spot (Diplocarpon rosae = Marssonina rosae) . Rose mosaic (virus complex) . Rose rosette (virus) Page 3 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
May 2010 Special Presentation on Vertebrate Pests Yellow‐bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius) Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) Pine vole (Microtus (=Pitimys) pinetorum) Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) Special presentation on plant parasitic nematodes by Dr. Weimin Ye Diseases Pine wilt (pine wood) nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) Advice on buying transplants Gymnosporangium rusts . Cedar‐apple rust (G. juniperi‐virginianae) . Quince rust (G. clavipes) . Japanese apple rust (G. yamadae) – recently introduced
July 2010 Insects and another arthropod Deodar weevil (Pissodes nemorensis) and other Pissodes spp. Leaf beetles (Family Chrysomelidae) . Larger elm leaf beetle (Monocesta coryli) . Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) . Flea beetles (Tribe Alticini), incl. readheaded flea beetle (Systena frontalis) . Stag beetles, including the giant stag beetle (Luanus elaphus) Fishing Spiders (Family Pisauridae), incl. Dolomedes spp. Giant resin bee (Megachile sculpturalis) A predatory stink bug, Euthyrhynchus floridanus Obliquebanded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana) Diseases (NOTE: The feature presentation on turf today had a lot of info on turf diseases.) Heat/Drought stress on trees Ozone injury to plants
September 2010 Insects Sweet potato sawfly (Sphacophilus cellularis) and other sawflies Mantids . Carolina mantid (Stagmomantis Carolina) . Chinese mantid (Tenodera aridifolia sinensis) Linden wart gall midge (Contarinia verrucicola) Unknown insect injury on Tilia Greenstriped mapleworm, a.k.a. rosy maple moth (Dryocampa rubicunda) Milkweed tussock moth (Euchaetes egle) Diseases Thousand cankers disease of walnut (Geosmithia morbida, vectored by Pityophthorus juglandis) Focus on fruits . Mummyberry of blueberry (Monilinia vaccinii‐corymbosi) . Brown rot of peach (Monilinia fructicola) . Peach scab (Cladosporium carpophilum) . Bitter rot of apple (Colletotrichum/Glomerella) . Black rot of apple (Botryosphaeria obtusa)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
November 2010 Insects Lantana lace bug (Teleonemia scrupulosa) Bat bug (Cimex adjunctus) Prionus beetle (Prionus sp.) Special feature: How do insects overwinter? Utilizing various examples among the true bugs, lepidopterans, mantids, and scales, with special mention of winter‐active species of stoneflies. Diseases Follow‐up on management of fruit diseases Downy mildew of sunflower and related hosts (Plasmopara halstedii) Artillery fungus (Sphaerobolus sp.) Wolfiporia extensa (=W. cocos), a wood‐rotting basidiomycete fungus Black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola) Special feature: How pathogens survive the winter. With examples among the fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses.
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2011 February 2011 Insects and other arthropods Special focus on houseplant pests . Broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) and cyclamen mite (Phytonemus pallidus) . Spider mites (Tetranychus sp.) . Aphids (Family Aphididae), including the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) . Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) . Brown soft scale (Coccus hesperidum) . Hemispherical scale (Saissetia coffeae) . Citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri) . Longtailed mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus) . Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) . Darkwinged fungus gnat (Bradysia sp.) Images submitted by our audience . Chrysalis of viceroy or red‐spotted purple . Noctuid moth caterpillar on Solidago inflorescence . Sulfur butterfly (Colias sp.) . Pyralid moth caterpillar on Monarda leaf Diseases Viruses on woody plants . Cucumber mosaic virus on dwarf nandina . Rose mosaic . Rose rosette . Infectious variegation of camellia (Camellia yellow mottle virus) . Fig mosaic virus(es)? . Not in North Carolina: Plum pox virus Unsolved mysteries . Galls on Forsythia . Dead branch tips on Cryptomeria Actinorhizae on Elaeagnus roots
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
April 2011 Insects and another invertebrate Horsehair worms, a.k.a. Gordian worms, Phylum Nematomorpha Carpenterworms, including the little carpenterworm (Prionoxystus macmurtrei) Cankerworms, including the fall cankerworm (Alsophila pometaria) Caterpillar hunters (beetles) . Calostoma scrutator . Calostoma wilcoxi Holly pit scale (Asterodiaspis puteanum) Sooty mold on American holly Juniper webworm (Dichomeris marginella) Diseases Special presentation by Shawn Butler on laurel wilt, recently confirmed in North Carolina Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) Shot‐hole in Prunus . Bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas) . Cherry leaf spot (Blumeriella jaapii ‐ fungus) Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformans) Abiotic leaf spot (possibly Mg deficiency) on pepper transplants Bacterial leaf spot of pepper and tomato (Xanthomonas spp.) Comment on news of downy mildew on squash transplants at a Charleston, SC “big box” store
June 2011 Insects and other arthropods Eyed Click Beetle or Eyed Elater, Alaus oculatus Robber Fly, family Asilidae, Laphria sp. Giant Water Bug, family Belostomatidae, Lethocerus sp. Diaspidid Scale, Abgrallaspis sp., on Oakleaf Hydrangea Darkwinged Fungus Gnat, Bradysia picea (Rubsaamen) Longlegged Fly, family Dolichopodidae, Condylostylus sp. Elderberry Borer, Desmocerus palliatus (Forster) Buthid Scorpion, Centruroides sp. prob. vitttatus (Say) Buthid Scorpion, Centruroides hentzi (Banks) Carolina Wolf Spider, Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer) “Brown Prionus,” Orthosoma brunneum (Forster) European Hornet, Vespa crabro L., damage on Elaeagnus Diseases Dutch elm disease (caused by Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo‐ulmi) Slime molds . "Dog‐vomit slime mold", Fuligo septica . Physarum cinereum . Stemonitis sp. The "peat mold", Chromelosporium ollare (Peziza ostracoderma) Small pears on rootstock suckers Two tomato diseases . Septoria leaf spot . Buckeye rot (Phytopthora nicotianae) Fasciation Cucurbit diseases
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) . Powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii)
August 2011 Insects Cypress Twig Gall Midge (Taxodiomyia cupressiananassa) A Rhopalid Bug (Niesthrea louisianica) Leaffooted Bug (Leptoglossus sp.) Zebra Swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus) Squash Beetle (Epilachna borealis) A Cerambycid Beetle (Physocnemum andreae) Katydid (Family Tettigoniidae) multiple bee and wasp species on the invasive porcelainberry (amur peppervine), Ampelopsis brevipedunculata a word about spider/magic/hurricane Lilies (Lycoris spp.) Diseases Turf diseases (presented by Lee Butler) . Fairy ring . Spring dead spot Imprellis damage on landscape trees, esp. conifers Leaf spot comparisons . On English ivy anthracnose (Colletrichum trichellum) bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas sp.) . On red maple anthracnose (Discula sp.) Phyllosticta leaf spot . On bigleaf hydrangea old drought injury Cercospora leaf spot Leaf spots caused by cercosporoid fungi . Cercospora on rose . Pseudocercospora on ligustrum . Passalora sequoiae on Leyland cypress and relatives Peony problems . Discosia leaf spot . Peony leaf blotch (a.k.a. Measles) caused by Cladosporium paeoniae . Rhizoctonia stem rot
October 2011 Insects and other arthropods The Orb Spiders, family Araneidae . White Micrathena (Micrathena mitrata) . Arrowhead Spider (Verrucosa arenata) . Yellow Garden Spider (Argiope aurantia) . Orb Spider (Neoscona hentzi) . Marbled Orb Spider (Araneus marmoreus) . Golden Silk Orb Spider (Nephila clavipes) Whitebanded Crab Spider (Misumenoides formosipes)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Ant (Formica integra) Velvet Ant (Dasymutilla occidentalis) – actually a wasp! Glowworm (Phengodes sp.) Azalea Caterpillar (Datana major) Cambarid Crayfish (Cambarus latimanus) Diseases Announcement of new publication: AG‐747 Suggested Plant Species for Sites with a History of Phytophthora Root or Crown Rot Wood Decay in Trees . General concepts . Some easily recognizable wood decay fungi Stereum complicatum Trametes versicolor (turkey‐tail) Ganoderma spp. Pseudoinonotus dryadeus (the weeping polypore) Hericium erinaceus (the Hedgehog "mushroom") . Armillaria root rot (and wood decay) Papaya ringspot potyvirus causing dramatic ringspots on watermelon fruit
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2012 Note: The new "pests to watch for in the coming months" slides are not indexed here. February 2012 Featured Presentation: Mushrooms and other Macrofungi (Larry Grand) Demystifying Scientific Names Insects and other arthropods Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) feeding and pruning damage Eggs of the angularwinged/broadwinged katydid (Microcentrum sp.) Vegetable weevil (Listroderes difficilis) Arthropod pests on boxwood . Boxwood mite, Eurytetranychus buxi . Boxwood psyllid, Cacopsylla buxi . Boxwood lLeafminer, Monarthropalpus flavus . Occasionally, scale insects occur on our boxwoods: Cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi (Maskell) Wax scales, Ceroplastes sp. Lace bugs . Azalea lace bug (Stephanitis pyrioides) . Hawthorn lace bug (Corythucha cydoniae) Green Fruitworms and Climbing Cutworms Diseases A Box Blight Primer Update on Emerald Ash Borer and Laurel Wilt Botrytis blight on pansy in the landscape White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) on collards, snapdragon, and more Two camellia diseases . Camellia petal blight (Ciborinia camelliae) . Infectious variegation of camellia (Camellia yellow mottle virus?)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
April 2012 Insects and other arthropods Bean Plataspid/Kudzu Bug (Megacopta cribraria) Eastern Subterranean Termite (Reticuliter‐mes flavipes) Ants vs. Termites Carpenter ants (Camponotus spp.), with emphasis on the black carpenter ant “Bowl and Doily” Spider (Frontinella communis) A blister beetle (Meloidae, Lytta sp.) Luna Moth (Actias luna) Diseases Flower pot parasol mushroom (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii) Abiotic problems . Uneven leaf‐out of red maples . Frost injury . Sunscald . Hydrophobic soil and high soluble salts Hollyhock rust Septoria leaf spot on Rudbeckia Leaf spots on Japanese maple Rose downy mildew Powdery mildews on various hosts Watch for in May & June . In the vegetable garden (Tomato spotted wilt virus, Septoria leaf spot (tomato), Southern blight*, Southern bacterial wilt*, root knot*) *=wilt diseases . In trees, shrubs, flowers (Rose rosette, quince rust on ornamental pear, oak leaf blister) Keeping an eye on late blight (usablight.org)
June 2012 Insects and Other Arthropods Eastern Hercules beetle (Dynastes tityus) Saltmarsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) Orchard spider (Leucage venusta) Scarab Beetle (Polyphylla occidentalis) An eriophyid mite (Eriophyes caulis) causing an erineum gall on the petiole of black walnut Tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) resting on unidentified stink bug eggs Sawflies, with emphasis on the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei) Cottonwood leaf beetle (Chrysomela scripta) Cicada killer (Sphecius speciosus) Diseases Crown and root problems of liriope, including Fusarium and Phytophthora Downy mildew of impatiens (Plasmopara obducens) Phytophthora aerial blight of Madagascar periwinkle (annual vinca) and petunia Some diseases of grape . downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) . powdery mildew (Erysiphe (Uncinula) necator) . black rot (Guignardia bidwellii) . Pierce's disease (Xylella fastidiosa) . herbicide injury
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Some diseases of peach . brown rot of stone fruit (Monilinia fructicola) . peach scab (Cladosporium carpophilum)
August 2012 Diseases Rose rosette Armillaria root rot on shrubs and trees The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of Images Sooty mold Cherry leaf spot Watermelon fruit blotch Watch for in September and October Insects and Other Arthropods A cerambycid beetle, Physocnemum andreae Stinging caterpillars . Saddleback Caterpillar, Acharia (formerly Sibine) stimulea . Hag Moth, Phobetron pithecium . Stinging Rose Caterpillar, Parasa indetermina . Skiff Caterpillar, Prolimacodes badia – NOT A STINGING CATERPILLAR . Spiny Oak Slug, Euclea delphinii . Puss Caterpillar, Megalopyge opercularis A longhorned beetle, Parandra brunnea Lesser Canna Leafroller, Geshna cannalis Amber Snails, family Succineidae Unidentified crayfish burrows European hornet, Vespa crabro, collecting bark from a live tree Pests to be Watching for in the Next Two Months
October 2012 Insects and Other Arthropods Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus, damage to wood Organpipe Mud Dauber Wasp, Trypargilum politum Stephan's Scale of Household Pests (as opposed to household nuisances) . 10 = termites . 9 = bed bugs . 8 = carpenter ants, powderpost beetles . 7 = cockroaches . 6 = carpet beetles, clothes moths . 5 = fleas . 4 = household ants . 3 = flour, grain, and meal beetles and moths . 2 = household spiders, silverfish, booklice . 1 = springtails, darkwinged fungus gnats Elm Sawfly, Cimbex Americana Walkingsticks . Two‐striped Walkingstick, Anisomorpha buprestoides . Walkingstick, Diapheromera femorata Cecropia Moth, Hyalophora cecropia Gall Midge, Taxodiomyia sp. on baldcypress
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Diseases to watch for during Oct‐Feb . General: nuisance fungi . Woody ornamentals: box blight, Phytophthora root rot . Flower beds: black root rot, Sclerotinia stem rot, gray mold (Botrytis) . Cruciferous vegetables: black rot, white spot of turnip, Sclerotinia stem rot Surprise farewell program for Dave Stephan, with special invited speakers.
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2013 Note: The "pests to watch for in the coming months" slides are not always indexed here. February 2013 Insects and Other Arthropods Presentation on Dr. Steven Frank's cankerworm project Plant Diseases Disease Prevention for the New Year Fungal Needle Blights of Conifers . Ploioderma needle cast . Brown spot needle blight . Rhizosphaera needle cast Stuff on Bark . Fungi Septobasidium spp. Dendrothele nivosa . Lichens Watch for in March and April
April 2013 Special presentation by PDIC staff: Photography for diagnosis. Plant Diseases Canker Diseases . Fungal, including Cytospora canker Botryosphaeria canker . Bacterial . Management of canker diseases, with an aside on Peachtree borer (Synathedon exitiosa) Phytophthora root and crown rots on woody ornamentals Watch for in May and June . Powdery mildew on many hosts Baking soda vs. powdery mildew? . Impatiens downy mildew . Cucurbit downy and powdery mildews . Dog‐vomit slime mold (Fuligo septica) . Oak leaf blister (Taphrina) . other diseases and disorders Insects and Other Arthropods Periodical cicada (Magicicada) Brood II Flies (Diptera) . Daylily leafminer (Ophiomyia kwansonis) . Maple eye‐spot gall (Acericecis ocellaris)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Common compost flies Vinegar flies (Drosophilidae) Moth flies (Psychodidae) Black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) Dark‐winged fungus gnats (Sciaridae) Minute black scavenger flies (Scatopsidae) House flies (Musca domestica) . Narcissus bulb fly (Syrphidae: Merodon equestris) . Hover flies versus bees/wasps
June 2013 Featured speaker: Dr. Mark Windham, talking about rose diseases Insects and Other Arthropods Barklice (Psocoptera/Psocodea) Sawflies . Hibiscus sawfly (Atomacera decepta) . Hollyhock sawfly (Neoptilia malvacearum) . How to tell sawflies from caterpillars Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) in NC Beneficial spotlight . Carolina leaf‐rolling cricket (Camptonotus carolinensis) BOLO (Be On the Look Out) . Rain = millipedes (greenhouse millipede – Oxidus gracilis) . Ficus gall midge (Horidiplosis ficifolii) . Herbs with black swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes) larvae . Hornworms (Manduca sp.) on tomato Plant Diseases Tree leaf spots (with different management recommendations) . Leaf spot on redbud caused by Passalora cercidicola . Mycosphaerella leaf spot of mulberry Corn diseases, especially sweet corn . Common smut (Ustilago maydis) . Bacterial stalk rot (Erwinia (Dickeya) chrysanthemi and other bacteria) . Nematode injury Cucurbit downy mildew Watch for in July and August . Entomosporium leaf spot of Photinia and Indian hawthorn . Brown rot of stone fruits . Peach scab . Slime flux of hardwood trees . Bacterial leaf scorch . Late blight of tomato (and potato) . other diseases and disorders ("be on the lookout" lists) Announcing the NCSU Plant Pathology Extension Portal (http://plantpathology.ces.ncsu.edu)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
August 2013 Lee Butler Key concepts in turf diseases The use of fungicides in turf Dollar spot on Kentucky blue grass Plant Diseases Leaf spots and blotches . Oak leaves with three diseases (oak leaf blister, Fusiform rust, bacterial leaf scorch) . Leaf spot of redbud caused by Passalora cercidicola . Bacterial leaf scorch (Xylella fastidiosa) of redbud . Leaf spot on Hydrangea caused by Cercospora hydrangeae . Mycosphaerella (Heterosporium) leaf spot of Iris . Leaf spot of birch caused by Cryptocline betularum Root and butt rots caused by fungi . "Chicken of the Woods" (Laetiporus cincinnatus) . "Weeping Polypore" (Pseudoinonotus dryadeus) "Be on the Lookout" lists for September and October . General Phytophthora diseases powdery mildew root‐knot nematodes nuisance fungi in mulches . Woody ornamentals fruiting bodies of Armillaria Passalora needle blight poor planting techniques box blight . Flower beds black root rot of pansy & viola late season leaf spots “Critter or Not?” Images showing mystery damage – is it caused by a critter or something else? Phytophthora on Hosta Pear blister mite Eriophyes dinus on blackgum Stemonitis (slime mold) fruiting bodies Pip gall on willow oak acorn Shot‐hole on ornamental cherry Water beads/water pearls Swamp cypress rust mite Edema on Euonymus Insects and Other Arthropods Fall webworms (Hyphantria cunea) Two lace bugs . Sycamore lace bug (Corythucha ciliata) . Chrysanthemum lace bug (Corythucha marmorata) Planthoppers vs. leafhoppers, etc. Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) . Hammerhead worm, Bipalium kewense Beneficial spotlight: Atypical ladybugs Page 13 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Ash gray ladybug (Olla v‐nigrum) . Diomus sp. . Twice‐stabbed ladybug (Chilocorinae) . Vedalia beetle (Rodolia cardinalis) Things to look out for: . Oakworms (Anisota sp.) . Annual cicadas (Tibicen sp.) . Cicada killers (Sphecius sp.)
October 2013 Insects and Other Arthropods How to identify common ants . General information on ants . Major subfamilies . Ponerinae Pachycondyla/Brachyponera chinensis . Formicinae Camponotus (carpenter ants) Formica (meadow & wood ants) Lasius (including citronella ants) Prenolepis (winter ants) . Dolichoderinae Tapinoma (including odorous house ants) Linepitheme (Argentine ants) . Myrmicinae Crematogaster (acrobat ants) Solenopsis (fire & thief ants) Monomorium (little black & pharaoh ants) Tetramorium (pavement ants) Aphaenogaster (winnow ants) Pheidole (big‐headed ants) Pogonomyrmex (harvester ants) . Other ants Overwintering insects . ladybugs (especially Harmonia) . cluster flies (Pollenia) . kudzu bugs (Megacopta cribraria) . stink bugs (especially BMSB Halyomorpha halys) . boxelder & leaf‐footed bugs . prevention & control Garden Legends – Some we verify, some we debunk It is illegal to kill praying mantises. (False) Daddy longlegs are the most venomous organisms. (False) Peonies won’t open until ants lick away the sticky sap around the petals. (False) Powdery mildew doesn't like water. (Partially true) Watering plants on a hot or sunny day will hurt them. (False, mostly) Stem galls on Forsythia are caused by the fungus Phomopsis. (False) Plant Diseases
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Phytophthora root rot on Leyland cypress Lumps, Bumps, and Burls: A Galling Story . Bacterial gall of Loropetalum caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi . Black knot of cherry and plum caused by the fungus Apiosporina morbosa . Scorias spongiosa: Beech sooty mold . Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) on muscadine grape and on creeping phlox . "Canker rot" of oaks caused by the fungus Inonotus hispidus "Be on the Lookout" lists for November through February . Woody ornamentals Box blight Pseudocercospora leaf spot on Ligustrum . Flower beds black root rot of pansy & viola Botrytis blight (esp. pansy) Sclerotinia blight (esp. snapdragon) . Vegetable garden (Brassicas) White leaf spot of turnip Downy mildew Black spot Sclerotinia stem rot
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2014 Note: The "pests to watch for in the coming months" slides are not always indexed here. February 2014 Insects and Other Arthropods pecan carpenterworm (Cossula magnifica) in Corylus . introduction . damage and control magnificent myriapods! . Introduction . Part 1 Centipedes: Chilopoda life cycle kinds facts BOLO for March & April . fall cankerworms (Alsophila pometaria) and other caterpillars . scales breeding . emerging insects “Critter or Not?” Empty cocoon of Polyphemus moth Scale and powdery mildew on Euonymus Heliothrips on Viburnum Two‐lined spittlebug and damage Crown gall Peony scale on azalea Wax scale on Amsonia Wooly apple aphids
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Botrytis on Nemesia . Botrytis sclerotia on Helleborus . Sclerotinia sclerotia in Nigella stem Septobasidium on scale insects Plant Diseases Problems of Our Humble, Durable Junipers . Root rots Annosum root rot Armillaria root rot Phytophthora root rot . Gymnosporangium rusts Cedar‐apple rust Quince rust Others . Tip blights Phomopsis tip blight Kabatina tip blight Nematodes . Boxwood: Lesion, spiral, and (coastal plain only) root knot . Azalea: Stunt nematode . Liriope, Impatiens, Begonia, Gardenia, others: Root knot BOLO for March & April
April 2014 Insects and Other Arthropods Spring highlights . ground nesting bees (Andrenidae) . silver‐spotted skipper (Epargyreus clarus) March flies (Bibionidae) Brown‐headed ash sawfly (Tomostethus multicinctus) Boxwood leafnminer (Monarthropalpus flavus) BOLO for April/May . Eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana) . hickory phylloxera (Phylloxera sp.) . mosquitoes (Culicidae) Plant Diseases What if it’s not a disease? . hydrophobic soil and high salts . hail damage . cold injury to woody ornamentals . container “hangover” . planting and mulching too deep . improper pruning . sunscald on Aucuba . gradient due to soil moisture . physical and fire injury . wounds vs. cankers . herbicide injury Page 16 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. lichens Crowd‐sourcing spot anthracnose of dogwood Fusiform rust of pines (Cronartium quercuum f.sp. fusiforme) BOLO for May‐June
June 2014 “Critter or Not” Pycnial stage of cedar‐apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi‐virginianae) Feeding injury caused by the four‐lined plant bug (Poecilocapsus lineatus) Tomato russet mites (Eriophyidae: Aculops lycopersici) Normal lenticels of Ulmus parvifolia Sharpshooter eggs (Cicadellidae: Proconiini) Insects and Other Arthropods encouraging butterflies golden snipe fly (Chrysopilus thoracicus) . other Chrysopilus some plant feeding scarabs . Japanese beetle (Poillia japonica) . Oriental beetle (Exomala orientalis) . grapevine beetle (Pelidnota punctate) . sand chafer (Strigoderma arbicola) large sharpshooters (Cicadellidae: Proconiini) . examples . brochosomes flatid planthopper nymphs BOLO . caterpillars . Demotina modesta leaf beetle on oak . lace bugs Plant Diseases Looking back . year‐to‐year unpredictability of diseases . quince rust on ornamental pear (Gymnosporangium clavipes) – Crowd‐sourced . Thekospora hydrangea (hemlock‐hydrangea rust) on Tsuga caroliniana . leaf browning and drop on ornamental pear – Crowd‐sourced All Points Bulletins . APB#1 – Late blight on potato . APB#2 – Cucurbit downy mildew . APB#3 – Powdery mildew on Berberis BOLO Quiz for July‐Aug . southern stem blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) . brown patch (Rhizoctonia solani) on tall fescue . bitter rot on apple (Colletotrichum) . ozone damage . daylily leaf streak (Aureobasidium microstictum) . Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) on tomato More BOLO for July‐Aug
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
August 2014 Insects and Other Arthropods gnat ogres (Asilidae: Holcocephala sp.) yucca flower sap beetles (Nitidulidae: Carpophilus melanopterus) mimosa webworm (Galacticidae: Homadaula anisocentra) ...and now for something adorable (Encyrtidae: Chrysoplatycerus splendens) striped mealybugs (Pseudococcidae: Ferrisia virgata) have you seen? . orb weaver . kudzu bugs BOLO . request: Diaphania [=Stemorrhages] costata . goldenrod insects . continued activity of many insects Plant Diseases Phytophthora Aerial Blight . On Madagascar periwinkle . On Arisaema spp. . On petunia Shot‐hole of ornamental cherry (Passalora circumscissa = Mycosphaerella ceracella) Stinkhorn fungi . Clathrus columnatus . Phallus ravenelii Surprises from Mike & Bety’s garden . Alternaria zinniae on zinnia . Cercospora leaf spot and blotch of bean . Stemphylium solani (gray leaf spot) on tomato BOLO . Box blight (first Wake Co. report this summer) . Other BOLO
October 2014 Insects and Other Arthropods blood feeders: hematophagous arthropods . mosquitoes (Culicidae) . black flies (Simuliidae) . biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) . horse and deer flies (Tabanidae) . muscoid flies (Muscidae) . other biting flies . fleas (Siphonaptera) . bed bugs and kin (Cimicidae) . kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae) . lice (“Anoplura”) . ticks (Ixodida) . bird mites etc. (Ornithonyssus sp.) . other biters . prevention . quiz
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
BOLO . household invaders reminder . Plant Diseases Mystery photo (close‐up of sporulation of Graphiopsis chlorocephala on peony leaf) Stromata of Hypoxylon sp., wood‐decay fungus on oak branch Large patch of warm‐season turfgrass (Rhizoctonia solani) Edema on Euonymus, Ligustrum, Pelargonium Special feature: Peony Problems . Measles, Red Blotch (Graphiopsis chlorocephala = Cladosporium paeoniae) . Mosaic (Tobacco rattle virus) . Powdery mildew . Discosia leaf spot . “Cercospora” leaf spots . Botrytis blight . Herbicide injury BOLO for Nov.‐Jan.
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2015 Note: The year was dedicated to the diagnostic process. Each session focused on a different group of plants. March 2015 (Postponed from February because of adverse weather) Woody ornamentals
April 2015 – A traditional format PP&P, including guest speaker Jeanine Davis on “Organic Gardening”
Insects and Other Arthropods Myriopods, Part II: Millipedes Wood‐boring insects . Primary vs. Secondary wood‐boring insects . Larval identification to order (Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera) and some groups within the Coleoptera (Scolytinae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, powder‐post beetles, and typical weevils) . Variation in wood‐borer exit holes BOLO for May‐June Plant Diseases Sooty mold Passalora needle blight (including a comparison with Seiridium canker) Spider mite damage (surprise!) Exobasidium leaf gall on Rhododendron and Camellia BOLO Quiz quince rust on callery pear, brown patch, rose rosette, leaf spots of rose, powdery mildew BOLO for May‐June
June 2015 Vegetables
August 2015 Herbaceous ornamentals Page 19 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Oct 2015 Fruits (tree and small)
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2016 Note: The "pests to watch for in the coming months" slides are not always indexed here.
February 2016 – Guest speaker Barbara Fair on Cultural Practices Insects and Other Arthropods Arthropods of Your Homes! . Theridiidae (cobweb spiders) . Pholcidae (cellar spiders) . Pholcidae (cellar spiders) . Liposcelididae (book lice) . Other “book lice” . Sciaridae (dark‐winged fungus gnats) . Collembola (springtails) . Collembola (springtails) . Dermestidae (carpet beetles, etc.) . Dermestidae (carpet beetles, etc.) On a few pantry pests... . Anobiidae . Drugstore vs. Cigarette . Silvanidae . Bostrichidae . Tenebrionidae . Curculionidae . Pyralidae . Control of Stored Product Pests Emerald ash borer detections as of September 2015 Insect BOLO: March‐April . fall cankerworms (Alsophila pometaria) . boxwood leafminers (Monarthropalpus flavus) . scales . insects waking up from the winter! Plant Diseases What do home gardeners submit the most [of]? . Top “Home Grounds” Submissions to the PDIC, 2013‐2015 . Top finds in “Home Grounds” Submissions, 2013‐2015 (aprox.) What’s that on the bark? . A liverwort, likely Frullania sp. . Gloomy scale, Melanaspis tenebricosa, … . Fungus associated with gloomy scale. . Septobasidium spp. . Fruiting bodies of probable Stereum sp. . ice covered trees . Black knot (Apiosporina morbosa) Almost time to start spraying (rose leaf spots) Page 20 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Rose Leaf Spot I.P.M. Prune out infected canes (winter). Clean out fallen leaves and/or add a new layer of mulch (winter). Prune to improve air movement. Water so as not to wet leaves. Water at night. Chose resistant cultivars. Spray susceptible cultivars. PDIC Boxwood Blight Confirmations in Home Landscapes, Oct 2012‐Jan 2016 . Boxwood blight: leaf spots . Boxwood blight: stem streaks . Boxwood blight: defoliation BOLO for March – April . Woody ornamentals: Spot anthracnose of dogwood Camellia petal blight Gymnosporangium rusts on juniper Cedar‐apple rust Quince rust Entomosporium leaf spot on Photinia and Indian hawthorn Phytophthora root rot Armillaria root rot BOLO for March – April . Veggies (Crucifers): Sclerotinia stem rot Black rot (Xanthomonas) Downy mildew . Fruits: Peach leaf curl Preventive spray programs . Flower beds: Black root rot of pansy & viola Botrytis blight . Turf: Fairy ring (any turf) Yellow patch (cool season, esp. tall fescue) Spring dead spot (bermudagrass, zoysia)
April 2016 – Guest speaker Joe Neal on Herbicides Insects and Other Arthropods Carpenter Bees . Xenox tigrinis On some tube‐tailed thrips . Tubulifera: Phlaeothripidae yucca thrips Bagnalliella yuccae hollyhock thrips Pseudophilothrips varicornis (formerly Liothrips varicornis)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
ficus thrips Gynaikothrips spp. Porch Light Visitors . Why are insects attracted to lights? . Porch Light Visitors: Midges . Porch Light Visitors: Crane Flies . Porch Light Visitors: Fungus Gnats . Porch Light Visitors: Ichneumons . Porch Light Visitors: May Beetles . Porch Light Visitors: May Beetles . Porch Light Visitors: Pyrgotids BOLO: April‐June . still waking up: ground‐nesting bees, cluster flies stink bugs . aphids and gall making insects beginning to be noticed . foliage feeders abound . digging in soil white grubs . social wasps out and about starting colonies . scale crawlers . cockroaches, slugs, spiders, etc. Plant Diseases Something old, something new Something borrowed, something cerulean. What’s this fungus? . Thumb Test for Sooty Mold Ascochyta leaf blight of turf Fungal disease of tall fescue and Ky bluegrass Bleaching & shriveling of leaf tips Ascochyta blight of turf, up close . Management of Asochyta blight Stepping Stones Tip dieback on juniper . What’s going on here? Kabatina tip blight Container Hangover . Transplant Wisdom from Dr. Barbara Fair . Containerized shrubs & trees: . Balled & burlapped plants: . Improper Mulching Tomato spotted wilt virus TSWV Bolo for May‐June . Black spot of rose . Phytophthora root rot . Powdery mildew . Oak leaf blister . Quince rust on ornamental pear . Leaf spot and anthracnose on maple . Rose rosette . Cedar‐apple rust on apple
June 2016 – Guest speaker Bryce Lane on plant families Insects and Other Arthropods Bug Eggs: Pre‐test
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bug Nymphs: Friend or Foe? . Bug Life Cycle . large milkweed bugs (Oncopeltus fasciatus) . red shouldered bug (Jadera haematoloma) . kudzu bugs (Megacopta cribraria) . brown marmorated stink bugs (Halyomorpha halys) . spined assassin bugs (Sinea spp.) . THE CONFUSING ONES leaf‐footed bugs (Leptoglossus spp.) wheel bugs (Arilus cristatus) Bug Eggs: Pre‐test Japanese beetle crowd‐sourcing Kudzu bugs crowd‐sourcing Giant leopard moth crowd‐sourcing Bagworms . evergreen bagworm Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis BOLO: June ‐ August . garden pests! (hornworms, parsleyworms, squash borers, etc.) . wasps making nests out of mud or paper; hunting for food . lots of pollinators! . Japanese beetles and other scarabs . cicadas starting to sing . lots and lots and lots more..... Plant Diseases What’s this plant? . annual sedge . smooth crabgrass . dallasgrass . Bahia grass Important foliar diseases of tomato. Now match the names to the pictures. . Late blight . Early blight . Septoria leaf spot Managing Septoria leaf spot of tomato . TSWV: Also dark leaf spots, but look for purple mottling, often on newer leaves. . When looking for signs of powdery mildew, check… Powdery mildew crowd‐sourcing . Got Powdery Mildew on Cucurbits? . Powdery vs. Downy Mildew May I borrow a cup of stevia? . Southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) . Southern stem blight crowd‐sourcing . Managing Southern stem blight BOLO for July‐Aug
Aug 2016 – Guest speaker Lucy Bradley, “Abiotic Causes of Plant Damage” Insects and Other Arthropods Critters with Colorful Names
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Opposites . Patterns . Shiny! . Multiple crape myrtle bark scale in NC (Eriococcus lagerstroemiae) New(ish) to NC: Pittosporum Psyllid (Cacopsylla tobirae) BOLO: September‐October . big caterpillars are out . cicadas & cicada killers . goldenrod insects . peak size for univoltine critters . scoliid wasps . fall armyworms? . trapdoor spiders? . peachtree borers (laying eggs) Plant Diseases Old oak leaf blister (Taphrina caerulescens) Slime flux crowd sourcing Black spot of rose Dodder Boxwood blight refresher Weed word (info from Joe Neal) BOLO: Late August to Late October Interactive: “Technicolor Pests and Pathogens” in which teams had to come up with pest and plant disease names that contain the word “black” [Team West] or any other color [Team East].
Nov 2016 (moved from late Oct to early Nov) – Guest speaker Matt Bertone, “Delusory Parasitosis” Insects and Other Arthropods Delusory parasitosis BOLO: Fall/Winter . Unwanted house guests! . Fall cankerworm adults . Winter crane flies and fungus gnats “Critter or Not” Slime mold (Didymium sp.?) Green lacewing eggs Azalea lacebug damage Myrothecium roridum Iron chlorosis plus aphid‐induced leaf curl Plant Diseases Updates from Kanuga (the Ornamentals Workshop) . Rose rosette . Rhododendron decline in the Appalachians . Georgia failure of Korean boxwood against boxwood blight (later a supposedly tolerant cv. Had problems in Wilmington.) BOLO for November through January
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2017 Note: Each time this year the disease portion will focus on a particular group of diseases (anthracnose, downy mildew, slime molds and powdery mildews, Phytophthora diseases, and xylariaceous fungi).
Mar 2017 (moved from late Feb to early Mar) – Guest speaker Dr. Michael Just, “A Tree’s Life” Citizen‐ Scientist Project Plant Diseases Question: How long have you been an EMGV? Pop quiz: What do you remember from PP&P 2016? Leaf spot on Spanish Bayonet ‐ introduction Anthracnose Diseases . History and definition . Acervuli and setae . Anthracnose on English ivy (Colletotrichum trichellum) . Anthracnose diseases of strawberry (3 Colletotrichum spp.) . Anthracnose on snap bean (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and lima bean . Anthracnose of cucurbits (Colletotrichum orbiculare) . Control and prevention of anthracnose diseases in the vegetable garden . Anthracnose of sycamore . Spot anthracnose of dogwood (Elsinoe corni) . Dogwood anthracnose (Discula destructiva) Leaf spot on Spanish Bayonet ‐ conclusion Blast from the past: Dog vomit slime mold (Fuligo septica) Volutella blight of pachysandra (Coccinonectria pachysandricola) Shot‐hole of cherry‐laurel BOLO: March‐April Insects and Other Arthropods Spring into Spring with Springtails! (Collembola) BOLO: March‐Early April . Insects waking up! . …but sometimes in your home . Ground nesting bees . Termites . Boxwood leafminers . Fall cankerworms
May 2017 (moved from late Apr to early May) – Guest speaker Dr. Sara Villani on disease control in the home apple orchard Plant Diseases Exobasidium leaf galls . Azalea . Camellia . Symplocos tinctoria Downy mildews . Generalities . Hosts (interactive) and specific examples Cucurbits Grape Basil
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Impatiens Veronica Coleus Sunflower BOLO Quiz (Quince rust of callery pear, Phytophthora aerial blight of annual vinca) BOLO: May‐Jun Insects and Other Arthropods On Some Scale Insect Biology . “Primitive” Scales . Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) . Soft Scales (Coccidae) . Armored Scales (Diaspididae) Brood VI is BACK!!! (Cicadas: Magicicada) How many different organisms are in this image? . Septabasidium, shumard oak, armored scales (Diaspididae), lichens, Nectris/Cosmospora BOLO: May – Early June . Bagworms hatching (among other caterpillars) . Young bugs . May beetles . Japanese beetles . Vegetable pests . Galls galore! . Ticks & mosquitoes!
Jun 2017 – Guest speaker Dr. Anthony LeBude, “Plants, Pests, & Pathogens in Propagation” Plant Diseases Mystery Photos “The Best Laid Plans of Molds and Mildews Often Go Awry” Slime molds . Three commonly encountered on plants (Physarum cinereum, Diachea leucopodia, Fuligo septica) . Some you might find on dead wood or the forest floor (Stemonitis sp., Lycogala sp., Trichia sp., Tubifera ferruginosa) . Slime mold life cycle . Slime mold [insect] associates (Matt) Caveat emptor … diseases on plants in the retail trade (show coreopsis and grape) Powdery mildews . Interactive: what are the number one hosts in different categories . General info . Examples on cucurbits, dogwood, rose, euonymus Include comparisons to downy mildew in the cases of cucumber and rose . Unusual examples: Leucothoe, Kalanchoe . Powdery mildew insect associates (Matt) . Powdery mildew management Choanephora cucurbitarum on pumpkin flowers BOLO: Jul‐Aug Insects and Other Arthropods Cactus Moth (Cactoblastis cactorum) in NC Beauty and the Beast (Baby) (tiger beetles, Cicindelinae)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
BOLO: June‐August . Garden pests! (hornworms, parsleyworms, squash borers, etc.) . Wasps making nests out of mud or paper; hunting for food . Lots of pollinators! . Japanese beetles and other scarabs . Cicadas starting to sing . Lots and lots and lots more.....
Aug 2017 – Guest speaker Mark Weathington, JC Raulston Arboretum about EMGV‐Arboretum interactions Plant Diseases Smooth patch and similar disorders of tree bark The Many Phaces of Phytophthora . Phytophthora aerial blight of Catharanthus . Phytophthora root rot . Late blight and buckeye rot on tomato Two other tomato diseases . Septoria leaf spot . Gray leaf spot (Stemphylium) BOLO: late August – late October Insects and Other Arthropods Garden Fleahoppers (Microtechnites (= Halticus) bractatus) Velvet Ants (Mutillidae) BOLO: (title not given) . Good time to remove bagworm bags – contain females and eggs . Cicadas and their killers are out and about . Goldenrod insects galore! . Univoltine arthropods are at their biggest; mating and laying eggs caterpillars, garden spiders, mantises, assassin bugs and wasp nests are BIG
Oct 2017 – Guest speaker Rob Trickel NC Forest Service on invasive forest pests Insects and Other Arthropods Hibsicus Bugs (Niesthrea louisianica) Happy #Arachtober! (photo of marbled orbweaver) #Arachtober: Pseudoscorpions What is it? (Quiz) . moth cocoon and egg mass (Orgyia) . caterpillar after parasitoids (Braconidae: Aleiodes stigmator) It’s Started!!! (stink bugs coming inside) BOLO: (title not given) . Spiders on the prowl . Fall/winter insects Plant Diseases Mystery photo Passalora needle blight of Leyland cypress, juniper, and some other Cupressaceae Algal leaf spot (Cephaleuros sp.) on magnolia and camellia The “hedgehog fungus”, Hericium erinaceus Xylariaceous fungi . General characteristics
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Biscogniauxia atropunctata . Kretzchmaria deusta . Xylaria polymorpha, “dead man’s fingers” . Daldinia clavata and “carbon balls” (Daldinia concentrica) . Camillea tinctor . Answer to mystery photo: “Xylaria persicaria” on sweetgum fruits BOLO: November – January
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
PLANTS, PESTS, AND PATHOGENS 2018
February 2018 – Guest speaker Matt Bertone “Tips and Tricks for Distinguishing Superficially Similar Arthropods” Pop Quiz on some things we covered in 2017
Insects and Other Arthropods Quiz: grasshopper eggs, hidden armored scales Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) Mites: Micro but Mighty Diverse, Part 1 . phoretic mites . insect parasitic mites . bee mites . ticks . other parasitic mites . common mites . mite ID BOLO
Plant Diseases Camellia yellow mottle virus The Rose‐Blackberry connection . Downy mildew (Peronospora sparsa) . Cane blight of blackberry / common canker of rose (Paraconiothyrium fuckelii) . Botrytis canker (Botrytis cinerea) Botrytis blight of pansy and of blossoms in general “Black Death” of hellebore (Helleborus net necrosis virus, HeNNV), new to North Carolina Phytophthora root rot on ‘China Girl’ holly, producing leaf symptoms BOLOs for March‐April
April 2018 – Guest speaker Grady Miller “Best Management Practices for a Healthy Lawn” Insects and Other Arthropods Mites: Micro but Mighty Diverse, Part 2 . root and bulb mites . spider mites . flat mites . tarsonemid mites . eriophyid mites . other mites on plants Monkey beetle (Hoplia) mayhem BOLO: April‐June
Plant Diseases Hosta virus X, probably, in plants at retail Seiridium canker of Leyland cypress BOLO lists for May‐June, with special mention of . Herbicide injury . Rose rosette
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
. Downy mildews
June 2018 – Guest speaker Stephanie Drzal “Loam, or Not a Loam?” on soils and soil fertility Plant Diseases Special presentation: Ten Years of Tomato Troubles . The Big Three Bacterial wilt (also provided a diagnostic guide to wilting tomatoes) Tomato spotted wilt Chemical injury . Others High soluble salts Magnesium deficiency and physiological leaf roll Blossom‐end rot and what to do about it Stink bug feeding on fruit Late blight vs. Buckeye rot BOLOs for June‐August (just a short list this time) . Phytophthora diseases . Slime flux . Boxwood blight
Critter or Not Shot‐hole on ornamental cherry caused by Passalora circumscissa Oviposition injury, probably of cicada, on Japanese maple branch Synthetic auxin herbicide injury on Japanese maple leaves Unidentified armored scale in dimples on yellow poplar leaves
Insects and Other Arthropods What's happening here? Entomopathogenic fungi Azalea plant bugs (Rhinocapsus) Yellow poplar weevil (Odontopus calceatus) Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) BOLO: June‐August
August 2018 – Guest speaker Bill Cline on pruning blueberries Plant Diseases “Back to School with PP&P” A is for Arborvitae (Cedar leaf blight; Didymascella thujina) B is for Boxwood and for Blight C is for Cercospora, Corynespora, and Cylindrosporium. (Hydrangea, oak. Mentioned Tubakia) A is for Agaric; B is for Bolete; C is for Coral Fungi S is for Stinkhorns T is for Turkey tail BOLOs for late August to late October
Insects and Other Arthropods A couple new [to me] azalea pests . false pit scales (Lecanodiaspis) . azalea whitefly (Pealius azaleae) Guide to common whitefly pupae Page 30 of 31
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR PLANTS, PESTS & PATHOGENS NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Some atypical lace bugs: . Leptoypha . Melanorhopala Longhorn tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) in NC Photo of baby bed bug BOLO: August & September
October 2018 – Guest speakers (from NC Statate Climate Office): Corey Davis (Flood‐Producing Tropical Storms in NC), Heather Aldridge (Climate Tools for Gardeners), Walt Robinson (NC Climate Change).
Insects and Other Arthropods Have you seen me recently? . orbweaver/barn spiders . Carolina mantids . red‐headed bush crickets What is this? Adult female bagworm Digging for treasure: critters in garden soil Firewood insects Christmas tree hitchhikers BOLO: Fall & Winter
Plant Diseases Mystery Photo Updates from the Ornamental Workshop 2018 . Rose rosette updates . Good news/bad news briefs Update on boxwood blight in NC, and ask for who’s seen it (no participant had!) Things to be careful not to purchase with your plants Crucifer bacterial black rot (example: kale) Crown rot and black root rot (example: pansy) The root rot test Mystery Photo revealed: Mycelium & sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii Have you planned your rotation? BOLOs for November through January
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