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A New Species of Parorectis Spaeth from the North-Central United States University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 10-30-2020 A new species of Parorectis Spaeth from the north-central United States, with notes on prothoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini) Edward G. Riley Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. A journal of world insect systematics INSECTA MUNDI 0808 A new species of Parorectis Spaeth Page Count: 9 from the north-central United States, with notes on prothoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini) Edward G. Riley Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2475 USA Date of issue: October 30, 2020 Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc., Gainesville, FL Riley EG. 2020. A new species of Parorectis Spaeth from the north-central United States, with notes on pro- thoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini). Insecta Mundi 0808: 1–9. Published on October 30, 2020 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P.O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non- marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medi- cal entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi publishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication. Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources, including the Zoological Record and CAB Abstracts. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by the editorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for Systematic Entomology. Guidelines and requirements for the preparation of manuscripts are available on the Insecta Mundi website at http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/ Chief Editor: David Plotkin, [email protected] Assistant Editor: Paul E. Skelley, [email protected] Layout Editor: Robert G. Forsyth Editorial Board: Davide Dal Pos, Oliver Keller, M. J. Paulsen Founding Editors: Ross H. Arnett, Jr., J. H. Frank, Virendra Gupta, John B. Heppner, Lionel A. Stange, Michael C. Thomas, Robert E. Woodruff Review Editors: Listed on the Insecta Mundi webpage Printed copies (ISSN 0749-6737) annually deposited in libraries: CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Museu de Zoologia, São Paulo, Brazil Gainesville, FL, USA Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA The Natural History Museum, London, UK National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warsaw, Poland Washington, DC, USA National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA Peters burg, Russia Electronic copies (online ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format. Printed CD or DVD mailed to all members at end of year. Archived digitally by Portico. Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundi University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/ Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-135240 Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution Non-Commer- cial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 0808: 1–9 INSECTA MUNDI 2020 A new species of Parorectis Spaeth from the north-central United States, with notes on prothoracic and head morphology of the genus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini) Edward G. Riley Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2475 USA [email protected] Abstract. A new species of tortoise beetle from the north-central United States, Parorectis arenaria new spe- cies (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini), is described and illustrated. Comparative remarks and a key are provided to distinguish the new species from the three other species comprising the genus. Adults and larvae of the new species feed on Physalis L. (Solanaceae). The circum-foraminal ridge and anten- nal groove of the prothorax are described in detail. The pars stridens (file) of the stridulatory apparatus on the male cranium of the new species is illustrated. The pars stridens is present only in males of Parorectis Spaeth species. A patch of spicules is located centrally on the dorsal surface of the cranium in both males and females of Parorectis. The spicule patch is believed to function as a head-to-body binding patch. Key words. Leaf beetle, plant association, sand prairie, stridulation, taxonomy. ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7D969F82-40F2-4825-A6D8-0131E48BB1EC Introduction The genusParorectis Spaeth, 1901 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini) ranges across the south- ern United States from South Carolina and Florida to Arizona and south to Costa Rica. It is presently composed of three recognized species: Parorectis rugosa (Boheman, 1854) broadly distributed from Mexico to Costa Rica (Borowiec 1999); P. callosa (Boheman, 1854) from South Carolina and Florida west to Texas (Barber 1946) and adjacent Tamaulipas, México (Niño-Maldonado et al. 2014); and P. sublaevis (Barber, 1946) from Texas to Arizona and Sonora, México (Riley 1986). Despite the broad geographic ranges, specimens of the two later-men- tioned species are uncommon in collections. All Parorectis species have been associated with plants of the family Solanaceae, namely the genera Chamaesaracha (A. Gray) Benth., Physalis L. and Solanum L., with the Physalis association common to all three species (Noguera 1988; Clark et al. 2004). A fourth species of Parorectis occur- ring in the north-central United States is described below. It is also associated with Physalis. Materials and Methods The methods of study and terminology used for the tarsal claws follow Riley (1986). Heads were removed from specimens to study the circum-foraminal ridge, antennal grooves, and the dorsal surface of the cranium. These structures were examined with conventional light microscopy in all four Parorectis species; only those of P. arenaria new species were examined with scanning electron microscopy. Light microscopy images and measure- ments were taken with a Keyence VHX-7000 digital imaging system. Scanning electron microscopy images were taken with a Hitachi TM4000Plus desktop system. Adobe Photoshop Elements v. 14 was used for post-capture image processing, and the map was produced with ArcGIS Desktop (version 10.4). Specimens examined are deposited in the following collections: Arthur J. Gilbert Collection (private), Clovis, California [AJGC]; Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah [BYUC]; Edward G. Riley Collection (pri- vate), College Station, Texas [EGRC]; North Dakota State University Insect Reference Collection, Fargo, North Dakota [NDSU]; Texas A&M University Insect Collection, College Station, Texas [TAMU]; and the United States 2 · October 30, 2020 Riley National Museum, Washington, DC [USNM]; University of Wisconsin Insect Research Collection, Madison, Wisconsin [UWRC]. Plant voucher specimens are deposited in the Tracy Herbarium, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. Parorectis Spaeth, 1901 Orectis Spaeth 1901: 346. Type species: Cassida rugosa Boheman, 1854, original designation, [not Lederer (Insecta: Lepidoptera)]. Parorectis Spaeth 1901: 346 (as subgenus of Orectis). Type species: Cassida callosa Boheman, 1854, original designation. Generic diagnosis. The following combination of characters will distinguish the genusParorectis among the New World genera of the tribe Cassidini: Prothorax with circum-foraminal ridge forming inner margin of anten- nal groove for reception of antennomeres 2–3 (Fig. 7–10: CFR); pleuron lateral to circum-foraminal ridge with elevated lateral ridge forming outer margin of antennal groove for reception of antennomers 2–3 (Fig. 7–10: LR). Elytron with anterior margin distinctly crenulate (Fig. 6), disc tuberculate or strongly punctate. Pro-, meso- and metatarsal claw-pairs symmetrical in both sexes; each claw simple (without basal tooth), with basal angle rounded (Fig. 21: BA);
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