Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Research paper

Taxonomy of the Korean Freshwater (Annelida) with Eight Species New to Korea

Hyung Joon Park1, Tarmo Timm2 and Yeon Jae Bae1,* 1College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea 2College of Life Science, Estonian University, Tartumaa, Estonia

*Correspondence Abstract Y.J. Bae, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Aquatic Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant groups of benthic Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea macroinvertebrates that inhabit sediments of freshwaters. Korean aquatic Oligochaeta University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, fauna is, however, poorly known due to their difficulties in sampling, handling, and Seoul 136-713, Korea E-mail: [email protected] examining the specimens. We report 36 species of freshwater Oligochaeta in Korea that belong to 26 genera, 7 families, and 5 orders including the following 8 species Received 15 June 2013 new to Korea: Limnodrilus claparedeianus Ratzel, Limnodrilus udekimianus Cleparéde, accepted 15 September 2013 Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdovsky), Rhyacodrilus sulptensis Timm, Tubifex tubifex (Müller), Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller), Stylodrilus heringianus Cleparéde, and gordioides (Hartman). In addition, 3 species of undetermined species are recorded: Opidonais sp. 1, Henlea sp. 1, Mesenchytreanus sp. 1. Specimens were collected from 72 localities of lotic and lentic freshwaters in South Korea during 2011-2012. Diagnoses, illustrations, and taxonomic remarks of newly recorded species are provided. Keys to known taxa (34 species) of Korean Oligochaeta are also provided with Korean names.

Key words: Korean Oligochaeta fauna, Tubificidae, , Lumbriculidae, Haplotaxidae, taxonomic key

Introduction Materials and methods

Aquatic Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant Oligochaetes were collected from 72 sites of lotic and lentic groups of benthic invertebrates that live in sediments of div- habitats throughout South Korea that include streams, rivers, erse lotic and lentic habitats of freshwaters. The swamps, wetlands, and lakes (Fig. 1, Table 1). They were col- includes all segmented worms possessing a clitellum, and it lected using diverse aquatic nets (mesh size, 0.25-0.5 mm). is divided into Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellida, and Hirudinea. Specimens were preserved with 70% ethanol and brought to The Oligochaeta sensu strico therefore includes all Clitellata the laboratory for examination using a light microscope taxa except branchiobdellids and leeches. (Carl Zeiss AX10 with AxioCc, Germany). Some specimens Oligochaetes occur in marine, estuarine, freshwater, ground- were brought alive to the laboratory and observed on slide water, and terrestrial habitats. Two thirds of Oligochaeta are glasses with a drop of carbonated water. Some specimens terrestrial earthworm, termed ‘megadrile’ that includes the were mounted on slide glasses with glycerin and Eupharal majority order Opsithopora. The other one thirds are mostly medium. A total of 649 individuals of aquatic oligochaetes aquatic worms, termed ‘microdrile’, that includes the follow- belonging to 28 species were examined. All the specimens ing 6 orders: Randiellida, Tubificida, Enchytreaida, Haplo- are deposited in the Entomological Museum of Korea Uni- taxida, Lumbriculida, and Moniligastrida. versity in Seoul. Taxonomic studies of Korean aquatic Oligochaeta are Material examined, diagnosis, distribution, and taxonomic scarce (Brinkhurst et al. 1994, Yoon et al. 2000, Jung 2008), remarks are provided for the 11 newly recorded species in and 13 species of Tubificida, 1 species of Lumbriculata, and Korea including 3 undetermined species. Higher taxa clas- 2 species of Opsithopora are known in Korea. This study aims sification and morphological terminology follow Jamieson at a report of Korean aquatic Oligochaeta fauna. (1988) and Schmelz (2007). Synonyms mostly follow Brink- hurst (1971). Locality (Loc) number, collecting date, sampl-

2013 The Authors. Entomological Research Bulletin 2013 The Entomological Society of Korea Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta

Figure 1. Collecting sites of the Korean freshwater Oligochaeta used in this study. ing sites (in Korean), and GPS data (longitude & latitude) Order Tubificida 실지렁이목 are provided in Table 1. Taxonomic keys to known taxa (34 Family Tubificidae 실지렁이과 species) of Korean Oligochaeta are also provided with a list Genus Rhyacodrilus Bretscher, 1901 of Korean names (Appendix 1). The keys contain all the 냇물실지렁이속 (신칭) Korean species recorded in the following literatures: Brink- hurst et al. (1994), Korean Society of Systematic Zoology Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdosky) 냇물실지렁이 (신칭) (1997), Yoon et al. (2000), Jung (2011), Jung (2012), Blake- Tubifex coccineus Vejdosky, 1875. more et al. (2012), and Park et al. (2013). Keys are modified Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdosky): Michaelsen, 1909. from Brinkhurst (1971) and Timm (2009). Material examined. 2 indiv (individuals): Loc6; 2 indiv: Loc20; 12 indiv: Loc34; 1 indiv: Loc35. Taxonomic accounts Diagnosis. Prostomium with multiple coelomocytes (Fig. 2A). Each anterior dorsal bundle concluded with 3-7 smooth Phylum Annelida 환형동물문 hair chaetae and 4-8 pectinate chaetae; both upper and lower Class Clitellata 환대강 main teeth of pectinate chaetae same in length and with small

Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) 181 H.J. Park, T. Timm & Y.J. Bae

Table 1. Collecting localities of the Korean freshwater Oligochaeta used in this study (Localities are in Korean) No. Dates Localities Longitude & latitude

Loc1 2011-06-12 경기도강화군길상면길온교 E:126�29′33.2′′ N:37�39′2.5′′ Loc2 2011-07-09 강원도영월군김삿갓면옥동교 E:128�34′0.8′′ N:37�07′13.3′′ Loc3 2011-07-10 충청북도제천시수산면계란리 E:128�13′11.2′′ N:36�55′14.1′′ Loc4 2011-07-24 경기도강화군양도면길정리길정지 E:126�27′58.1′′ N:37�38′56.9′′ Loc5 2011-08-27 경기도가평군북면승천사 E:127�28′52.2′′ :37�56′10.3′′ Loc6 2011-09-09 경기도이천시장호원면무량사후방 E:127�36′25.7′′ N:37�05′12.2′′ Loc7 2011-09-10 경기도이천시대월면초지리초지교 E:127�29′41.8′′ N:37�13′02.4′′ Loc8 2011-09-10 경기도이천시율면북두리북두교 E:127�32′14.6′′ N:37�04′42.5′′ Loc9 2011-09-10 충청북도음성군호산리호산교 E:127�32′25.2′′ N:37�02′26.4′′ Loc10 2011-10-08 강원도평창군미탄면백운 2교 E:128�31′15.3′′ N:37�19′28.4′′ Loc11 2011-10-09 경기도이천시마장면각평리각평교 E:127�22′34.1′′ N:37�14′08.3′′ Loc12 2012-04-24 전라남도남원시주천면호경리비폭교 E:127�28′24.1′′ N:35�23′15.3′′ Loc13 2012-05-05 경기도양평군단월면덕수리백동지하방 E:127�41′07.3′′ N:37�33′24.1′′ Loc14 2012-05-05 경기도양평군옥천리용천교 E:127�29′08.1′′ N:37�32′18.7′′ Loc15 2012-05-05 경기도양평군용문면신점리점촌교 E:127�35′38.2′′ N:37�31′59.5′′ Loc16 2012-05-06 경기도양평군용문면신점리용천교 E:127�35′08.4′′ N:37�32′48.4′′ Loc17 2012-05-06 경기도양평군용문면연수리연수 1교 E:127�33′30.5′′ N:37�31′23.2′′ Loc18 2012-05-12 강원도영월군한반도면옹정리한반도지형 E:128�20′18.9′′ N:37�13′29.8′′ Loc19 2012-05-12 강원도영월군한반도면신천리 E:128�20′18.9′′ N:37�13′29.8′′ Loc20 2012-05-12 강원도평창군미탄면마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc21 2012-05-19 강원도평창군대관령면청연 2교 E:128�43′15.0′′ N:37�43′04.2′′ Loc22 2012-05-20 강원도평창군용평면속사 2교 E:128�28′23.2′′ N:37�39′46.4′′ Loc23 2012-05-21 경상북도울릉군저동리저동천 E:130�54′17.0′′ N:37�29′43.7′′ Loc24 2012-05-25 충청북도단양군가곡면어의곡새밭계곡 E:128�28′36.4′′ N:36�59′16.7′′ Loc25 2012-05-27 경상북도봉화군삼계리석천계곡 (St.2) E:128�44′13.4′′ N:36�53′58.9′′ Loc26 2012-05-27 경상북도봉화군삼계리석천계곡 (St.1) E:128�44′15.9′′ N:36�54′07.4′′ Loc27 2012-06-01 강원도양구군동면팔랑리작은용늪 E:128�07′4.3′′ N:38�13′9.6′′ Loc28 2012-06-02 강원도속초시도문동설악동설악교 E:128�31′57.5′′ N:38�10′7.6′′ Loc29 2012-06-02 강원도원주시귀래면추평지 E:127�54′21.2′′ N:37�11′01.1′′ Loc30 2012-06-03 강원도원주시귀래면다둔교 E:127�53′47.0′′ N:37�12′01.6′′ Loc31 2012-06-08 강원도평창군미탄면마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc32 2012-06-23 경상남도거창군가북면강계교 E:128�01′30.9′′ N:35�48′04.8′′ Loc33 2012-06-24 경기도양평군청운면비룡리율리교 E:127�41′10.2′′ N:37�31′44.8′′ Loc34 2012-06-30 강원도평창군미탄면마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc35 2012-06-30 강원도평창군미탄면마하리문희마을 E:128�33′50.1′′ N:37�16′49.6′′ Loc36 2012-07-07 전라남도거창덕유산월성공원부근 E:127�44′31′′ N:35�46′27′′ Loc37 2012-07-08 대전시중구중촌동현암교 E:127�25′9.7′′ N:36�20′18.8′′ Loc38 2012-07-14 강원도평창군대관령면청연 2교 E:128�43′15.0′′ N:37�43′04.2′′ Loc39 2012-07-14 강원도평창군용평면노동리계방교 E:128�28′58.8′′ N:37�42′10.1′′ Loc40 2012-07-22 경기도양평군용문면신점리용천교 E:127�35′08.4′′ N:37�32′48.4′′ Loc41 2012-07-26 강원도원주시부론면귀문교 E:127�50′99.6′′ N:37�13′78.1′′ Loc42 2012-07-26 충청북도충주시앙성면조정지댐하방 E:127�52′13.7′′ N:37�02′84.5′′ Loc43 2012-07-26 충청북도충주시앙성면비래섬철새도래지 E:127�48′86.9′′ N:37�06′34.6′′ Loc44 2012-07-27 충청북도앙성면신호교 E:127�46′45.6′′ N:37�02′44.2′′ Loc45 2012-07-27 충청북도충주시앙성면가마골 E:127�45′74.0′′ N:37�04′06.3′′ Loc46 2012-07-27 충청북도충주시앙성면수룡 1리 E:127�48′14.7′′ N:37�02′53.1′′ Loc47 2012-07-27 충청북도충주시앙성면수룡 3리 E:127�46′45.6′′ N:37�02′44.2′′ Loc48 2012-08-10 강원도평창군용평면노동리운두령 E:128�27′34.5′′ N:37�42′09.1′′ Loc49 2012-08-25 경상북도영천시대전동대전교 E:128�55′13.0′′ N:35�59′04.9′′ Loc50 2012-08-25 경상북도영천시대창면대창리포척교 E:128�53′28.8′′ N:35�53′08.8′′ Loc51 2012-08-25 경상북도영천시도동도동철교 E:128�55′32.1′′ N:35�55′57.4′′ Loc52 2012-09-02 경기도양평군용문면신점리점촌교 E:127�35′38.2′′ N:37�31′59.5′′ Loc53 2012-09-16 인천덕적면덕적도서포리 (St.1) E:126�06′59.5′′ N:37�13′36.3′′ Loc54 2012-09-16 인천덕적면덕적도서포리 (St.2) E:126�06′59.5′′ N:37�13′36.2′′ Loc55 2012-10-05 강원도원주시부론면송정교 E:127�57′47.7′′ N:37�05′36.0′′ Loc56 2012-10-05 강원도원주시동량조동교 E:127�57′52.6′′ N:37�01′25.6′′ Loc57 2012-10-05 충청북도충주시동량면사천교 E:127�56′27.1′′ N:37�02′11.8′′ Loc58 2012-10-05 충청북도충주시소태면양촌리양촌교 E:127�52′43.6′′ N:37�05′46.8′′ Loc59 2012-10-05 충청북도충주시엄정면괴동리도룡교 E:127�55′38.2′′ N:37�05′30.0′′ Loc60 2012-10-05 충청북도충주시산척면독동저수지 E:127�58′22.1′′ N:37�03′24.4′′

182 Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta

Table 1. Continued No. Dates Localities Longitude & latitude

Loc61 2012-10-12 경상북도 영천시 대전동 대전교 E:128�55′13.0′′ N:35�59′04.9′′ Loc62 2012-10-12 경상북도 영천시 도동 도동철교 E:128�55′32.1′′ N:35�55′57.4′′ Loc63 2012-10-13 경상북도 영천시 청통면 호당리 호당교 E:128�53′45.7′′ N:35�59′34.5′′ Loc64 2012-11-18 충청남도 공주시 공주보 E:127�05′34.2′′ N:36�27′16.5′′ Loc65 2012-11-18 충청남도 부여군 백제보 E:126�56′37.0′′ N:36�19′07.5′′ Loc66 2012-11-18 충청남도 부여군 세도면 두곡리 E:126�55′55.1′′ N:36�09′48.3′′ Loc67 2012-11-18 충청남도 부여군 장암면 북고리 E:126�54′21.3′′ N:36�15′08.5′′ Loc68 2012-11-29 서울시 강동구 고덕동 수변습지 E:127�09′24.7′′ N:37�34′18.6′′ Loc69 2012-11-29 서울시 성동구 송정동 장안교 E:127�03′13.6′′ N:37�33′05.5′′ Loc70 2013-01-27 전라남도 해남 현산면 고현리 E:126�32′45′′ N:34�27′56′′ Loc71 2013-03-22 경기도 가평군 가평천 가림교 E:127�26′35.5′′ N:37�58′36.4′′ Loc72 2013-03-27 경기도 남양주시 와부읍 덕소습지 E:127�14′16.7′′ N:37�35′2.1′′

chaetae and 3-6 pectinate chaetae; main teeth of pectinate chaeta curved like lyra and with small denticles between teeth (Fig. 2D). Distribution. Korea, Far East Russia.

Genus Limnodrilus Cleparéde, 1862 실지렁이속 A 200 μm B 100 μm Limnodrilus claparedeianus Ratzel 긴뿔실지렁이 (신칭) Limnodrilus claparedeianus Ratzel, 1869.

Material examined. 5 indiv: Loc26; 1 indiv: Loc64; 4 indiv:

m Loc65; 3 indiv: Loc67. μ 50 Diagnosis. Anterior chaeta bifid; upper tooth longer than lower tooth with median nodule (Fig. 2E). Posterior chaeta CD100 μm bifid; both teeth similar in length. Penial sheath thin-walled, small triangular head. Length 40-80 times longer than width (Fig. 2F). Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropic, Indomalaya, m μ Australasia, Neotropic. 200 m μ 50 Limnodrilus udekimianus Cleparéde EF 짧은뿔실지렁이 (신칭) Limnodrilus udekimianus Cleparéde, 1862. Figure 2. A. Rhyacodrilus coccineus, anterior part (×100), B. Rhyaco- drilus coccineus, penial chaetae ( 100), C. Rhyacodrilus sulptensis, × Material examined. 3 indiv: Loc9; 1 indiv: Loc28; 7 indiv: anterior part (×100), D. Rhyacodrilus sulptensis, pectinate chaetae of (×400), E. Limnodrilus claparedeianus, chaetae (×400) Limnodrilus Loc37; indiv: Loc54; 2 indiv: Loc59. claparedeianus, penial sheath (×100). Diagnosis. Prostomium conical (Fig. 3A). Anterior chaetae bifid; upper tooth longer than lower tooth. Posterior chaetae bifid; both teeth similar in length. Penial sheath thick-walled, denticles between teeth. Penial chaeta 3-5 in number, curv- length about 4 times longer than width (Fig. 3B). Posterior ed apically, and arranged in fan-shape (Fig. 2B). segments of body long and pigmented. Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic, Indomalaya, Australasia. Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropic, Indomalaya, Australasia, Neotropic. Rhyacodrilus sulptensis Timm 북방실지렁이 (신칭) Rhyacodrilus sulptensis Timm, 1990. Genus Tubifex Lamarck, 1816 참실지렁이속 (신칭)

Material examined. 9 indiv: Loc30. Tubifex tubifex (Müller) 참실지렁이 (신칭) Diagnosis. Multiple coelomocytes in body cavity (Fig. 2C). Lumbricus tubifex Müller, 1774. Each anterior dorsal bundle consisted with 3-5 smooth hair Tubifex tubidex (Müller): Michaelsen, 1900.

Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) 183 H.J. Park, T. Timm & Y.J. Bae m μ 50

AB200 μm AB 50 μm 200 μm

CD400 μm 50 μm C 100 μm D 200 μm m μ m 25 μ 50

EF200 μm E

Figure 3. A. Limnodrilus udekimianus, anterior part (×100), B. Limnodri- Figure 4. A. Henlea sp. chaeta bundle (×400), B. Mesenchytreanus lus udekimianus, penial sheath (×400), C. Tubifex tubifex anterior part sp., hole on prostomium (×100), C. Mesenchytreanus sp., giant chaetae (×100), D. Tubifex tubifex ventral bundle of X (×400) E. Opiodnais sp., on VI (×400), D. Lumbriculus variegatus, blind transverse vessels (×100), fore-body (×100), F. Opiodnais sp., chaeta; dorsal needle (left), ventral E. Lumbriculus variegatus, chaetae (×400). bifid (right) (×400). Material examined. 2 indiv: Loc2; 1 indiv: Loc3; 1 indiv: Material examined. 1 indiv: Loc10; 6 indiv: Loc21; 6 indiv: Loc24; 1 indiv: Loc32. Loc22; 1 indiv: Loc37; 1 indiv: Loc61; 1 indiv: Loc67. Remark. The shape of chaetae (Fig. 4A) called “Henlea- Diagnosis. Prostomium conical (Fig. 3C). Chaetae bundles type” (Timm 2009) found in the specimens examined above consisted with all types (hair, bifid, and pectinate) of chaetae; is a strong proof for the genus Henlea. However, all the chaeta bundle of ventral X always with two bifid chaetae specimens are immature and unable to use a microtome to (Fig. 3D). Penes without penial sheath, but penis with thick identify the species. This is the first report of the genus muscular penial bulb. Posterior bundles with less number of Henlea in Korea. chaetae than anterior bundles. Distribution. Korea. Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropic, Indomalaya, Australasia, Neotropic. Genus Mesenchytreanus Eisen, 1878 발톱꼬마지렁이속 (신칭) Genus Opidonais Grevais, 1838 도시물지렁이속 (신칭) Mesenchytreanus sp. 1 Opidonais sp. 1 Material examined. 1 indiv: Loc5; 1 indiv: Loc12; 1 indiv: Material examined. 1 indiv (immature): Loc68. Loc21. Remarks. Stripes of body (Fig. 3E) and shape of chaetae (Fig. Remark. Hole on prostomium (Fig. 4B) and giant chaeta 3F) resemble European Opidonais serpentina. However, we (Fig. 4C) are strong proofs for the genus Mesenchytreanus. were unable to identify this species using single immature spe- All specimens are immature and unable to use a microtome cimen. This is the first report of the genus Opidonais in Korea. to identify the species. This is the first report of the genus Distribution. Korea. Mesenchytreanus in Korea. Distribution. Korea. Genus Henlea Michaelsen, 1889 부채꼬마지렁이속 (신칭) Order Lumbriculata 실지렁이붙이목 (신칭) Henlea sp. 1 Family Lumbriculidae 실지렁이붙이과 (신칭)

184 Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta

part. Prostomium round. External penes transparent on ven- tral side of X in mature individuals (Fig. 5A). Chaetae bifid or curved and simple-pointed. Upper tooth of bifid chaeta reduced and parallel with lower tooth (Fig. 5B). Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic. m μ 20 AB100 μm Order 가시지렁이목 (신칭) Family Haplotaxidae 가시지렁이과 (신칭) Genus Haplotaxis Grube, 1844 가시지렁이속 (신칭)

Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartman) 가시지렁이 (신칭) Lumbricus gordioides Hartman, 1821. Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartman), 1821: Michaelsen, 1900. m μ 50 C 1mm D Material examined. 1 indiv: Loc34; 6 indiv: Loc35; 5 indiv: Loc40; 1 indiv: Loc55. Figure 5. A. Stylodrilus heringianus, penis on X (×200), B. Stylodrilus heringianus, anterior chaeta (left), posterior chaeta (right) (×1000), C. Diagnosis. Body large and slender, color transparently pink. Haplotaxis gordioides, anterior part (×30), D. Haplotaxis gordioides, Prostomium extended and grooved (Fig. 5C). Chaeta bundle chaeta; dorsal (left) ventral (right) (×400). consisted with one simple-pointed chaeta, slightly sigmoid, thick; ventral chaeta twice larger than dorsal chaeta(Fig. 5D). Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic. Genus Lumbriculus Grube, 1844 실지렁이붙이속 (신칭) Key to the orders and families of the Korean Freshwater Lumbriculus variegates (Müller) 실지렁이붙이 (신칭) Oligochaeta Lumbricus variegates Müller, 1744. 1. Chaeta bundle containing multiple chaetae (over 3) ∙∙∙∙∙∙2 Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller): Grube, 1844. - Chaeta bundle containing only 1 or 2 chaetae per bundle ∙∙3 2. Only simple pointed sigmoid chaetae present ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ Material examined. 8 indiv: Loc4; 5 indiv: Loc13; 2 indiv: ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Order Enchytreaida, Family Enchytreaidae Loc14; 17 indiv: Loc15; 8 indiv: Loc16; 4 indiv: Loc17; 4 - Chaetae various, basically bifid ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Order Tubificida, 5 indiv: Loc20; 8 indiv: Loc22; 13 indiv: Loc25; 16 indiv: Loc 3. Segments forming annuli; male pore present on X ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 26; 1 indiv: 1 indiv: Loc27; 1 indiv: Loc28; 3 indiv: Loc29; ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Order Lumbriculida, Family Lumbriculidae 2 indiv: Loc31; 6 indiv: Loc33; 3 indiv: Loc34; 4 indiv: Loc - Segments without annuli ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 35; 14 indiv: Loc40; 6 indiv: Loc42; 2 indiv: Loc45; 2 indiv: 4. Body wall and clitellum thick ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ Loc47; 11 indiv: Loc49; 6 indiv: Loc50; 8 indiv: Loc51; 20 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Order Opsithopora, Family Lumbricidae indiv: Loc52; indiv: Loc55; 1 indiv: Loc57; 11 indiv: Loc60; - Body slender and semi-transparent ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 6 indiv: Loc61; 2 indiv: Loc62; 1 indiv: Loc63; 2 indiv: Loc70; ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Order Haplotaxida, Family Haplotaxidae 4 indiv: Loc71; 16 indiv: Loc72. 5. Clitellum starting on X; chaeta bundle starting on II ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ Diagnosis. Most segments containing branched transversal ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Family Tubificidae blood vessels with greenish dark chloragogen tissue (Fig. 4D). - Clitellum not as above; chaeta bundle not as above ∙∙∙∙∙∙6 Chaetae all bifid; upper teeth reduced (Fig. 4E). Mature indi- 6. Clitellum starting on VIII; dorsal chaeta bundle starting viduals rare, but regenerated individuals common. on II ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Family Pristinidae Distribution. Palearctic, Nearctic, Afrotropic, Indomalaya, - Clitellum starting on VI; dorsal chaeta bundle starting on Australasia, Neotropic. VI (sometimes on III, IV, even X or more) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Family Naididae Genus Stylodrilus Cleparéde, 1862 뿔실지렁이붙이속 (신칭) Key to the species of Korean Tubificidae

Stylodrilus heringianus Cleparéde 뿔실지렁이붙이 (신칭) 1. Body thick; gills on posterior part of body (gills various Stylodrilus heringianus Cleparéde, 1862. in shape) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Branchiura sowerbyi - Body thin, without gills ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 Material examined. 1 indiv: Loc47. 2. Sensory pit with prostomium ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ Diagnosis. Body cavity with two pairs of blind vessels per ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Bothrioneurum vejdoskyanum segment, with chloragogen cells along intestine in posterior - Sensory pit without prostomium ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3

Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) 185 H.J. Park, T. Timm & Y.J. Bae

3. Dorsal hair twisted; found in brackish water ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙10 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Monopylephorus rubroniveus - Hair chaetae very long, 6× longer than needle chaetae ∙∙∙ - Dorsal hair not twisted; found in freshwater ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙12 4. Body cavity with numerous coelomocyte ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 10. Oesophagus directly connecting to midgut ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ - Body cavity without coelomocyte ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Nais variabilis 5. Body dorsal side with hair chaeta; pectinate chaeta normal - Oesophagus gradually connecting to midgut ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙11 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Rhyacodrilus coccineus 11. Connection area of oesophagus and midgut with finger- - Body dorsal side with hair chaeta; pectinate chaeta lyra- shaped dark cells ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Nais pardalis shaped ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Rhyacodrilus sulptensis - Connection area of oesophagus and midgut simple, with- 6. Chaeta bundle with all chaeta types; penes with muscular out finger-shaped dark cells ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Nais communis penial bulb ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Tubifex tubifex 12. Most dorsal body part with branchial processes ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ - Chaeta bundle with bifid chaetae only; penial sheath well- ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Branchiodrilus hortensis developed ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Genus Limnodrilus, 7 - Dorsal body part without branchial process ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙13 7. Penial sheath thin-walled, 50-80× wider than sheath 13. Prostomium with tentacle ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ width ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Limnodrilus claparedeianus ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Genus Stylaria, Stylaria fossularus - Penial sheath thick-walled, 4-20× wider than sheath - Prostomium without tentacle ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙14 width ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙8 14. Hair chaetae on VI longer than other chaetae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ 8. Penial sheath 10-20× wider than sheath width ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Slavina appendiculata ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri - Hair chaetae on VI-VIII longer than other chaetae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ - Penial sheath 4× wider than sheath width ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Ripistes parasita ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Limnodrilus udekimineanus Key to the species of Korean Pristinidae Key to the species of Korean Naididae 1. Prostomium with tentacle; hairs on dorsal II 5-10× lon- ger than others ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Pristina longiseta 1. Body without dorsal bundles ∙∙∙∙∙Genus , 2 - Prostomium with tentacle; hairs on dorsal side all similar - Body with dorsal bundles ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 in length ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Pristina biserrata 2. Prostomium protruded ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 - Prostomium not protruded ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 Key to the species of Korean Enchytreaidae 3. Prostomium distinctly protruded; ventral II chaetae ⁄ 140 μm; transverse vessels on stomach weakly developed 1. Prostomium round and without hole; 3-5 simple pointed ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Chaetogaster diastrophus chaetae per bundle, fan-shaped; VI without giant chaetae ∙∙ - Prostomium weakly protruded; ventral II chaetae 140- ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Henlea sp. 200 μm; transverse vessels on stomach well developed ∙∙ - Prostomium round and with hole; 2-4 simple pointed chae- ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Chaetogaster cristalinus tae per bundle, not fan-shaped ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Mesenchytreanus sp. 4. Prostomium notched; ventral II chaetae ¤200 μm; free living ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Chaetogaster diaphanus Key to the species of Korean Lumbriculidae - Prostomium smooth; ventral II chaetae ⁄130 μm; parasi- 1. Chaetae bifid and simple pointed; penes external ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ tic on mantle of gastropods ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Chaetogaster limnaei ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Stylodrilus heringianus 5. Body without hair chaetae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6 - Chaetae all bifid; penes internal ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 - Body with hair chaetae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7 2. Most body segments with branched transversal blood 6. Dorsal bundles starting on III; bifid chaetae normal ∙∙∙∙∙∙ vessel with greenish dark chloragogen tissue ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Amphichaeta asiatica ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Lumbriculus variegatus - Dorsal bundles starting on VI; inside of teeth of bifid - Body segments without branched transversal blood ves- chaetae with small denticles protruded ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ sel; body cavity with dark chloragogen cells ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Piguetiella denticulate ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Lamprotus orientalis 7. Body posterior end with branchial disc ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Genus Dero, Dero obtusa Key to the species of Korean Haplotaxidae - Body posterior end without branchial disc ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙8 (Remarks: only one species is known in this family) 8. Hair chaetae smooth and short; dorsal bundle starting after VII ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Haemonais waldvogeli 1. Body large (40-100 mm); chaetae one per bundle, slightly - Hair chaetae 3× longer than other chaetae; dorsal bundle sigmoid, thick, simple-pointed; prostomium extended and starting before VI ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙9 grooved ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Haplotaxis gordioides 9. Hair chaeta straight and 3-5× longer than needle chaeta

186 Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta

Key to the species of Korean Lumbricidae Martin P, Martinez-Ansemil E, Pinder A, Timm T, Wetzel MJ (2008) Global diversity of oligochaetous clitellates (“Oligo- 1. Clitellum on XXV-XXXI; body color dark brown ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ chaeta”; Clitellata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595: 117- ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Eisenia koreana 127. - Clitellum on XXII-XXVII; body color pinkish yellow to Ohtaka A, Nishino M (1999) Studies on the aquatic Oligochaete light brown ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙Eiseinella tetradra fauna in Lake Biwa, central Japan. II. Records and taxonomic remarks of nine species. Hydrobiologia 406: 33-47. Park HJ, Timm T, Bae YJ (2013) Aquatic oligochaete (Annelida: Acknowledgments Clitellata) fauna from the Jungnang Stream in Seoul, Korea, with eight new Korean records. Korean Journal of Ecology This work was supported by a grant from the National Insti- and Environment 46: 507-512. tute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry Pinder A (2010) Tools for identifying selected Australian aquatic of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea. (NIBR No. oligochaetes (Clitellata: Annelida). Museum Victoria Science 2013-02-001). HJP was supported by the education program Reports 13: 1-26. for young taxonomists in unexplored taxa from the MOE Pinder AM, Brinkhurst RO (2000) A review of the Tubificidae (2012-2013). (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from Australian inland water. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 58: 39-75. Rodriguez P, Brinkhurst RO (1994) A new genus of Lumbriculidae References (Oligochaeta) in Korea. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72: 1960-1966. Brinkhurst RO (1971) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World. Toronto Schmelz RM, Timm T (2007) Advocating paraphyletic taxa in University Press. Toronto. systematics of Clitellata. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica (Sup- Brinkhurst RO (1972) A Guide for the Identification of British plement) 31: 99-108. Aquatic Oligochaeta. The Ferry House, London. Timm T (1984) Potential age of aquatic Oligochaeta. Hydrobiologia Brinkhurst RO (1984) Comments on the evolution of the Annelida. 115: 101-104. Hydrobiologia 109: 189-191. Timm T (1999) Distribution of freshwater oligochaetes is the west Holt C (1989) Comments on the classification of Clitellata. Hydro- and east coastal regions of the North Pacific Ocean. Hydro- biologia 180: 1-5. biologia 406: 67-81. Jamieson BGM (1988) On the phylogeny and higher classifica- Timm T (2009) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Poly- tion of the Oliogchaeta. Cladistics 4: 367-410. chaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1- Jung JW (2011) Naidid oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata) from 235. the Seokhyeoncheon and Changreungcheon with new record Yamguchi H (1941) Studies on Japanese Branchiobdellidae with of Nais variabilis. Korean Journal of Limnology 44: 407-410. some revisions on the classification. Zoological Institute, Korean Society of Systematic Zoology (1997) List of in Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University 50: 177- Korea. Seoul. 219.

Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) 187 H.J. Park, T. Timm & Y.J. Bae

Appendix 1. Taxonomic list of the Korean freshwater Oligochaeta with Korean names. *Newly suggested Korean names; †the taxa firstly recorded in Korea by Park et al. (2013); #Korean names of these taxa are renamed herein because the Korean names (Sil-ji-reong-i-mok and Sil-ji-reong-i-gwa) previously used for these taxa elsewhere were preoccupied by other oligochaete taxa (order Tubificida and family Tubificidae, see below)

Phylum Annelida ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙환형동물문 Genus Opidonais Grevais, 1838∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*도시물지렁이속 Class Clitellata ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙환대강 21. Opidonais sp. 1 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙국명미정 Subclass Oligochaeta ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙빈모아강 Genus Piguetiella Sperber, 1939∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†이빨물지렁이속 Order Tubificida ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙실지렁이목 22. Piguetiella denticulata Liang, 1997 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†이빨물지렁이 Family Tubificidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙실지렁이과 Genus Ripistes Dujardin, 1842 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙긴털물지렁이속 Genus Bothrioneurum Stolc, 1888∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†콧구멍실지렁이속 23. Ripistes parasita (O. Schmidt, 1847) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙긴털물지렁이 1. Bothrioneurum vejdoskyanum Stolc, 1888∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†콧구멍실지렁이 Genus Slavina Vejdovsky, 1883∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙껍질물지렁이속 Genus Branchiura Beddard, 1892∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙아가미지렁이속 24. Slavina appendiculata (d’ Udekem, 1858)∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙긴털껍질물지렁이 2. Branchiura sowerbyi Beddard, 1892 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙아가미지렁이 Genus Stylaria Lamarck, 1816 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙기둥물지렁이속 Genus Limnodrilus Cleparéde, 1862 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙실지렁이속 25. Stylaria fossularis Leidy, 1852 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙긴주둥이기둥물지렁이 3. Limnodrilus claparedeianus Ratzel, 1869 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*긴뿔실지렁이 Family Pristinidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙주둥이물지렁이과 4. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Cleparéde, 1862 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙실지렁이 Genus Pristina Ehrenberg, 1828 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙주둥이물지렁이속 5. Limnodrilus udekimianus Cleparéde, 1862 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*짧은뿔실지렁이 26. Pristina biserrata Chen, 1940 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙톱니털주둥이물지렁이 Genus Monopylephorus Levinsen, 1884 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*외구멍실지렁이속 27. Pristina longiseta Ehrenberg, 1828 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙긴털주둥이물지렁이 6. Monopylephorus rubroniveus Levinsen, 1884 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*외구멍실지렁이 Order Enchytreaida ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*#꼬마지렁이목 Genus Rhyacodrilus Bretscher, 1901∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*냇물실지렁이속 Family Enchytreaidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*#꼬마지렁이과 7. Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdovsky, 1875) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*냇물실지렁이 Genus Henlea Michaelsen, 1889 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*부채꼬마지렁이속 8. Rhyacodrilus sulptensis Timm, 1990∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*북방실지렁이 28. Henlea sp. 1 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙국명미정 Genus Tubifex Lamarck, 1816 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*참실지렁이속 Genus Mesenchytreanus Eisen, 1878 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*발톱꼬마지렁이속 9. Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*참실지렁이 29. Mesenchytreanus sp. 1 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙국명미정 Family Naididae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙물지렁이과 Order Lumbriculida ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*실지렁이붙이목 Genus Amphichaeta Tauber, 1879 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙양털물지렁이속 Family Lumbriculidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*실지렁이붙이과 10. Amphichaeta asiatica Liang, 1958∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙아시아양털물지렁이 Genus Lamprotus Rodriguez, 1994 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*동양실지렁이붙이속 Genus Branchiodrilus Michaelsen, 1900 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†깃털물지렁이속 30. Lamprotus orientalis Rodriguez, 1994 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*동양실지렁이붙이 11. Branchiodrilus hortensis (Stephenson, 1910) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†깃털물지렁이 Genus Lumbriculus Grube, 1844∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*실지렁이붙이속 Genus Chaetogaster von Baer, 1827 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙털배물지렁이속 31. Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*실지렁이붙이 12. Chaetogaster cristalinus Vejdosky, 1883∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†결정털배물지렁이 Genus Stylodrilus Cleparéde, 1862 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*뿔실지렁이붙이속 13. Chaetogaster diaphanus (Gruithuisen, 1828) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙수정털배물지렁이 32. Stylodrilus heringianus Cleparéde, 1862 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*뿔실지렁이붙이 14. Chaetogaster diastrophus (Gruithuisen, 1828)∙∙∙꽈배기털배물지렁이 Order Haplotaxida ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*가시지렁이목 15. Chaetogaster limnaei von Baer, 1827 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙털배물지렁이 Family Haplotaxidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*가시지렁이과 Genus Dero Oken, 1815 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†몽똑물지렁이속 Genus Haplotaxis ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*가시지렁이속 16. Dero obtusa d’ Udekem, 1855∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†몽똑물지렁이 33. Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartman, 1821) ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*가시지렁이 Genus Haemonais Bretscher, 1900 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†붉은물지렁이속 Order Opsithopora ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙지렁이목 17. Haemonais waldvogeli Brescher, 1900 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†붉은물지렁이 Family Lumbricidae ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙낚시지렁이과 Genus Nais Müller, 1773 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙물지렁이속 Genus Eiseinella, Michaelsen, 1900 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*사각줄지렁이속 18. Nais communis Piguet, 1906∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†보통물지렁이 34. Eiseinella tetradra (Savigny, 1826)∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*사각줄지렁이 19. Nais pardalis Piguet, 1906 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*†시골물지렁이 Genus Eisenia Malm, 1877 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙줄지렁이속 20. Nais variabilis Piguet, 1906 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙물지렁이 35. Eisenia koreana Zicsi, 1972 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙*한국줄지렁이

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