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Taxonomy of the Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta (Annelida) with Eight Species New to Korea

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Taxonomy of the Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta (Annelida) with Eight Species New to Korea Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Research paper Taxonomy of the Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta (Annelida) with Eight Species New to Korea Hyung Joon Park1, Tarmo Timm2 and Yeon Jae Bae1,* 1College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea 2College of Life Science, Estonian University, Tartumaa, Estonia *Correspondence Abstract Y.J. Bae, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Aquatic Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant groups of benthic Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea macroinvertebrates that inhabit sediments of freshwaters. Korean aquatic Oligochaeta University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, fauna is, however, poorly known due to their difficulties in sampling, handling, and Seoul 136-713, Korea E-mail: [email protected] examining the specimens. We report 36 species of freshwater Oligochaeta in Korea that belong to 26 genera, 7 families, and 5 orders including the following 8 species Received 15 June 2013 new to Korea: Limnodrilus claparedeianus Ratzel, Limnodrilus udekimianus Cleparéde, accepted 15 September 2013 Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdovsky), Rhyacodrilus sulptensis Timm, Tubifex tubifex (Müller), Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller), Stylodrilus heringianus Cleparéde, and Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartman). In addition, 3 species of undetermined species are recorded: Opidonais sp. 1, Henlea sp. 1, Mesenchytreanus sp. 1. Specimens were collected from 72 localities of lotic and lentic freshwaters in South Korea during 2011-2012. Diagnoses, illustrations, and taxonomic remarks of newly recorded species are provided. Keys to known taxa (34 species) of Korean Oligochaeta are also provided with Korean names. Key words: Korean Oligochaeta fauna, Tubificidae, Naididae, Lumbriculidae, Haplotaxidae, taxonomic key Introduction Materials and methods Aquatic Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant Oligochaetes were collected from 72 sites of lotic and lentic groups of benthic invertebrates that live in sediments of div- habitats throughout South Korea that include streams, rivers, erse lotic and lentic habitats of freshwaters. The Clitellata swamps, wetlands, and lakes (Fig. 1, Table 1). They were col- includes all segmented worms possessing a clitellum, and it lected using diverse aquatic nets (mesh size, 0.25-0.5 mm). is divided into Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellida, and Hirudinea. Specimens were preserved with 70% ethanol and brought to The Oligochaeta sensu strico therefore includes all Clitellata the laboratory for examination using a light microscope taxa except branchiobdellids and leeches. (Carl Zeiss AX10 with AxioCc, Germany). Some specimens Oligochaetes occur in marine, estuarine, freshwater, ground- were brought alive to the laboratory and observed on slide water, and terrestrial habitats. Two thirds of Oligochaeta are glasses with a drop of carbonated water. Some specimens terrestrial earthworm, termed ‘megadrile’ that includes the were mounted on slide glasses with glycerin and Eupharal majority order Opsithopora. The other one thirds are mostly medium. A total of 649 individuals of aquatic oligochaetes aquatic worms, termed ‘microdrile’, that includes the follow- belonging to 28 species were examined. All the specimens ing 6 orders: Randiellida, Tubificida, Enchytreaida, Haplo- are deposited in the Entomological Museum of Korea Uni- taxida, Lumbriculida, and Moniligastrida. versity in Seoul. Taxonomic studies of Korean aquatic Oligochaeta are Material examined, diagnosis, distribution, and taxonomic scarce (Brinkhurst et al. 1994, Yoon et al. 2000, Jung 2008), remarks are provided for the 11 newly recorded species in and 13 species of Tubificida, 1 species of Lumbriculata, and Korea including 3 undetermined species. Higher taxa clas- 2 species of Opsithopora are known in Korea. This study aims sification and morphological terminology follow Jamieson at a report of Korean aquatic Oligochaeta fauna. (1988) and Schmelz (2007). Synonyms mostly follow Brink- hurst (1971). Locality (Loc) number, collecting date, sampl- 2013 The Authors. Entomological Research Bulletin 2013 The Entomological Society of Korea Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta Figure 1. Collecting sites of the Korean freshwater Oligochaeta used in this study. ing sites (in Korean), and GPS data (longitude & latitude) Order Tubificida 실지렁이목 are provided in Table 1. Taxonomic keys to known taxa (34 Family Tubificidae 실지렁이과 species) of Korean Oligochaeta are also provided with a list Genus Rhyacodrilus Bretscher, 1901 of Korean names (Appendix 1). The keys contain all the 냇물실지렁이속 (신칭) Korean species recorded in the following literatures: Brink- hurst et al. (1994), Korean Society of Systematic Zoology Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdosky) 냇물실지렁이 (신칭) (1997), Yoon et al. (2000), Jung (2011), Jung (2012), Blake- Tubifex coccineus Vejdosky, 1875. more et al. (2012), and Park et al. (2013). Keys are modified Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdosky): Michaelsen, 1909. from Brinkhurst (1971) and Timm (2009). Material examined. 2 indiv (individuals): Loc6; 2 indiv: Loc20; 12 indiv: Loc34; 1 indiv: Loc35. Taxonomic accounts Diagnosis. Prostomium with multiple coelomocytes (Fig. 2A). Each anterior dorsal bundle concluded with 3-7 smooth Phylum Annelida 환형동물문 hair chaetae and 4-8 pectinate chaetae; both upper and lower Class Clitellata 환대강 main teeth of pectinate chaetae same in length and with small Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) 181 H.J. Park, T. Timm & Y.J. Bae Table 1. Collecting localities of the Korean freshwater Oligochaeta used in this study (Localities are in Korean) No. Dates Localities Longitude & latitude Loc1 2011-06-12 경기도 강화군 길상면 길온교 E:126�29′33.2′′ N:37�39′2.5′′ Loc2 2011-07-09 강원도 영월군 김삿갓면 옥동교 E:128�34′0.8′′ N:37�07′13.3′′ Loc3 2011-07-10 충청북도 제천시 수산면 계란리 E:128�13′11.2′′ N:36�55′14.1′′ Loc4 2011-07-24 경기도 강화군 양도면 길정리 길정지 E:126�27′58.1′′ N:37�38′56.9′′ Loc5 2011-08-27 경기도 가평군 북면 승천사 E:127�28′52.2′′ :37�56′10.3′′ Loc6 2011-09-09 경기도 이천시 장호원면 무량사 후방 E:127�36′25.7′′ N:37�05′12.2′′ Loc7 2011-09-10 경기도 이천시 대월면 초지리 초지교 E:127�29′41.8′′ N:37�13′02.4′′ Loc8 2011-09-10 경기도 이천시 율면 북두리 북두교 E:127�32′14.6′′ N:37�04′42.5′′ Loc9 2011-09-10 충청북도 음성군 호산리 호산교 E:127�32′25.2′′ N:37�02′26.4′′ Loc10 2011-10-08 강원도 평창군 미탄면 백운2교 E:128�31′15.3′′ N:37�19′28.4′′ Loc11 2011-10-09 경기도 이천시 마장면 각평리 각평교 E:127�22′34.1′′ N:37�14′08.3′′ Loc12 2012-04-24 전라남도 남원시 주천면 호경리 비폭교 E:127�28′24.1′′ N:35�23′15.3′′ Loc13 2012-05-05 경기도 양평군 단월면 덕수리 백동지하방 E:127�41′07.3′′ N:37�33′24.1′′ Loc14 2012-05-05 경기도 양평군 옥천리 용천교 E:127�29′08.1′′ N:37�32′18.7′′ Loc15 2012-05-05 경기도 양평군 용문면 신점리 점촌교 E:127�35′38.2′′ N:37�31′59.5′′ Loc16 2012-05-06 경기도 양평군 용문면 신점리 용천교 E:127�35′08.4′′ N:37�32′48.4′′ Loc17 2012-05-06 경기도 양평군 용문면 연수리 연수1교 E:127�33′30.5′′ N:37�31′23.2′′ Loc18 2012-05-12 강원도 영월군 한반도면 옹정리 한반도지형 E:128�20′18.9′′ N:37�13′29.8′′ Loc19 2012-05-12 강원도 영월군 한반도면 신천리 E:128�20′18.9′′ N:37�13′29.8′′ Loc20 2012-05-12 강원도 평창군 미탄면 마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc21 2012-05-19 강원도 평창군 대관령면 청연2교 E:128�43′15.0′′ N:37�43′04.2′′ Loc22 2012-05-20 강원도 평창군 용평면 속사2교 E:128�28′23.2′′ N:37�39′46.4′′ Loc23 2012-05-21 경상북도 울릉군 저동리 저동천 E:130�54′17.0′′ N:37�29′43.7′′ Loc24 2012-05-25 충청북도 단양군 가곡면 어의곡 새밭계곡 E:128�28′36.4′′ N:36�59′16.7′′ Loc25 2012-05-27 경상북도 봉화군 삼계리 석천계곡 (St.2) E:128�44′13.4′′ N:36�53′58.9′′ Loc26 2012-05-27 경상북도 봉화군 삼계리 석천계곡 (St.1) E:128�44′15.9′′ N:36�54′07.4′′ Loc27 2012-06-01 강원도 양구군 동면 팔랑리 작은용늪 E:128�07′4.3′′ N:38�13′9.6′′ Loc28 2012-06-02 강원도 속초시 도문동 설악동 설악교 E:128�31′57.5′′ N:38�10′7.6′′ Loc29 2012-06-02 강원도 원주시 귀래면 추평지 E:127�54′21.2′′ N:37�11′01.1′′ Loc30 2012-06-03 강원도 원주시 귀래면 다둔교 E:127�53′47.0′′ N:37�12′01.6′′ Loc31 2012-06-08 강원도 평창군 미탄면 마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc32 2012-06-23 경상남도 거창군 가북면 강계교 E:128�01′30.9′′ N:35�48′04.8′′ Loc33 2012-06-24 경기도 양평군 청운면 비룡리 율리교 E:127�41′10.2′′ N:37�31′44.8′′ Loc34 2012-06-30 강원도 평창군 미탄면 마하리 E:128�32′37.0′′ N:37�17′25.4′′ Loc35 2012-06-30 강원도 평창군 미탄면 마하리 문희마을 E:128�33′50.1′′ N:37�16′49.6′′ Loc36 2012-07-07 전라남도 거창 덕유산 월성공원부근 E:127�44′31′′ N:35�46′27′′ Loc37 2012-07-08 대전시 중구 중촌동 현암교 E:127�25′9.7′′ N:36�20′18.8′′ Loc38 2012-07-14 강원도 평창군 대관령면 청연2교 E:128�43′15.0′′ N:37�43′04.2′′ Loc39 2012-07-14 강원도 평창군 용평면 노동리 계방교 E:128�28′58.8′′ N:37�42′10.1′′ Loc40 2012-07-22 경기도 양평군 용문면 신점리 용천교 E:127�35′08.4′′ N:37�32′48.4′′ Loc41 2012-07-26 강원도 원주시 부론면 귀문교 E:127�50′99.6′′ N:37�13′78.1′′ Loc42 2012-07-26 충청북도 충주시 앙성면 조정지댐 하방 E:127�52′13.7′′ N:37�02′84.5′′ Loc43 2012-07-26 충청북도 충주시 앙성면 비래섬 철새도래지 E:127�48′86.9′′ N:37�06′34.6′′ Loc44 2012-07-27 충청북도 앙성면 신호교 E:127�46′45.6′′ N:37�02′44.2′′ Loc45 2012-07-27 충청북도 충주시 앙성면 가마골 E:127�45′74.0′′ N:37�04′06.3′′ Loc46 2012-07-27 충청북도 충주시 앙성면 수룡1리 E:127�48′14.7′′ N:37�02′53.1′′ Loc47 2012-07-27 충청북도 충주시 앙성면 수룡3리 E:127�46′45.6′′ N:37�02′44.2′′ Loc48 2012-08-10 강원도 평창군 용평면 노동리 운두령 E:128�27′34.5′′ N:37�42′09.1′′ Loc49 2012-08-25 경상북도 영천시 대전동 대전교 E:128�55′13.0′′ N:35�59′04.9′′ Loc50 2012-08-25 경상북도 영천시 대창면 대창리 포척교 E:128�53′28.8′′ N:35�53′08.8′′ Loc51 2012-08-25 경상북도 영천시 도동 도동철교 E:128�55′32.1′′ N:35�55′57.4′′ Loc52 2012-09-02 경기도 양평군 용문면 신점리 점촌교 E:127�35′38.2′′ N:37�31′59.5′′ Loc53 2012-09-16 인천 덕적면 덕적도 서포리 (St.1) E:126�06′59.5′′ N:37�13′36.3′′ Loc54 2012-09-16 인천 덕적면 덕적도 서포리 (St.2) E:126�06′59.5′′ N:37�13′36.2′′ Loc55 2012-10-05 강원도 원주시 부론면 송정교 E:127�57′47.7′′ N:37�05′36.0′′ Loc56 2012-10-05 강원도 원주시 동량 조동교 E:127�57′52.6′′ N:37�01′25.6′′ Loc57 2012-10-05 충청북도 충주시 동량면 사천교 E:127�56′27.1′′ N:37�02′11.8′′ Loc58 2012-10-05 충청북도 충주시 소태면 양촌리 양촌교 E:127�52′43.6′′ N:37�05′46.8′′ Loc59 2012-10-05 충청북도 충주시 엄정면 괴동리 도룡교 E:127�55′38.2′′ N:37�05′30.0′′ Loc60 2012-10-05 충청북도 충주시 산척면 독동저수지 E:127�58′22.1′′ N:37�03′24.4′′ 182 Entomological Research Bulletin 29(2): 180-188 (2013) Korean Freshwater Oligochaeta Table 1.
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