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Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu Connie Smith Tamil Nadu Overview
Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu Connie Smith Tamil Nadu Overview Tamil Nadu is bordered by Pondicherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Sri Lanka, which has a significant Tamil minority, lies off the southeast coast. Tamil Nadu, with its traceable history of continuous human habitation since pre-historic times has cultural traditions amongst the oldest in the world. Colonised by the East India Company, Tamil Nadu was eventually incorporated into the Madras Presidency. After the independence of India, the state of Tamil Nadu was created in 1969 based on linguistic boundaries. The politics of Tamil Nadu has been dominated by DMK and AIADMK, which are the products of the Dravidian movement that demanded concessions for the 'Dravidian' population of Tamil Nadu. Lying on a low plain along the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula, Tamil Nadu is bounded by the Eastern Ghats in the north and Nilgiri, Anai Malai hills and Palakkad (Palghat Gap) on the west. The state has large fertile areas along the Coromandel coast, the Palk strait, and the Gulf of Mannar. The fertile plains of Tamil Nadu are fed by rivers such as Kaveri, Palar and Vaigai and by the northeast monsoon. Traditionally an agricultural state, Tamil Nadu is a leading producer of agricultural products. Tribal Population As per 2001 census, out of the total state population of 62,405,679, the population of Scheduled Castes is 11,857,504 and that of Scheduled Tribes is 651,321. This constitutes 19% and 1.04% of the total population respectively.1 Further, the literacy level of the Adi Dravidar is only 63.19% and that of Tribal is 41.53%. -
Western Ghats & Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot
Ecosystem Profile WESTERN GHATS & SRI LANKA BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT WESTERN GHATS REGION FINAL VERSION MAY 2007 Prepared by: Kamal S. Bawa, Arundhati Das and Jagdish Krishnaswamy (Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology & the Environment - ATREE) K. Ullas Karanth, N. Samba Kumar and Madhu Rao (Wildlife Conservation Society) in collaboration with: Praveen Bhargav, Wildlife First K.N. Ganeshaiah, University of Agricultural Sciences Srinivas V., Foundation for Ecological Research, Advocacy and Learning incorporating contributions from: Narayani Barve, ATREE Sham Davande, ATREE Balanchandra Hegde, Sahyadri Wildlife and Forest Conservation Trust N.M. Ishwar, Wildlife Institute of India Zafar-ul Islam, Indian Bird Conservation Network Niren Jain, Kudremukh Wildlife Foundation Jayant Kulkarni, Envirosearch S. Lele, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment & Development M.D. Madhusudan, Nature Conservation Foundation Nandita Mahadev, University of Agricultural Sciences Kiran M.C., ATREE Prachi Mehta, Envirosearch Divya Mudappa, Nature Conservation Foundation Seema Purshothaman, ATREE Roopali Raghavan, ATREE T. R. Shankar Raman, Nature Conservation Foundation Sharmishta Sarkar, ATREE Mohammed Irfan Ullah, ATREE and with the technical support of: Conservation International-Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Assisted by the following experts and contributors: Rauf Ali Gladwin Joseph Uma Shaanker Rene Borges R. Kannan B. Siddharthan Jake Brunner Ajith Kumar C.S. Silori ii Milind Bunyan M.S.R. Murthy Mewa Singh Ravi Chellam Venkat Narayana H. Sudarshan B.A. Daniel T.S. Nayar R. Sukumar Ranjit Daniels Rohan Pethiyagoda R. Vasudeva Soubadra Devy Narendra Prasad K. Vasudevan P. Dharma Rajan M.K. Prasad Muthu Velautham P.S. Easa Asad Rahmani Arun Venkatraman Madhav Gadgil S.N. Rai Siddharth Yadav T. Ganesh Pratim Roy Santosh George P.S. -
Edge Transition Impacts on Swamp Plant Communities in the Nilgiri Mountains, Southern India - 909
Mohandass et al.: Edge transition impacts on swamp plant communities in the Nilgiri Mountains, Southern India - 909 - EDGE TRANSITION IMPACTS ON SWAMP PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE NILGIRI MOUNTAINS, SOUTHERN INDIA MOHANDASS, D.1* ̶ PUYRAVAUD, J-P2 ̶ HUGHES, A. C.3 ̶ DAVIDAR, P.4 ̶ GANESH, P. S.5 ̶ CAMPBELL, M.6 1Key laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla County, Yunnan – 666 303, P.R. China 2ECOS, 9A Frédéric Ozanam Street, Colas Nagar, Puducherry 605001, India 3Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla County, Yunnan- 666303, P.R. China. 4Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry -605014, India 5Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, BITS, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, India 6Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (T.E.S.S), School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] (Received 14th Nov 2012; accepted 22nd June 2014) Abstract. Swamps represent a relatively understudied ecosystem in many regions, which contrasts markedly with the research attention which other wetlands and Mangrove ecosystems have received. In the upper Nilgiris of southern India, montane swamps are restricted to geographic areas with flat surfaces and bounded by different edge transition vegetation types including grasslands and shola forests. Our study examined whether species richness, endemism, edge and the composition of swamp interior communities have a significant relationship with swamp area. Using species-area curves we continued sampling for species in each swamp until species richness reached the asympote within that swamp. -
Kurukshetra Magazine Summary for April 2021 Issue
NURTURING INDIA’S RICH CULTURAL HERITAGE • India with its glorious past has bequeathed a remarkable variety of monuments and sites spread all across the length and breadth of the country. There are 38 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India (as of 2021), of which 30 are cultural sites, 7 are natural sites and one mixed site. • Along with these are rich and varied intangible cultural heritage of the country like oral traditions and expressions, craftsmanship etc. Heritage are not just reflectors of the past, but opportunities to generate employment and income in the present and future through heritage tourism. Heritage can Change the Rural Economy • There are various heritage structures with cultural and historical significance in the rural hinterlands lying untapped and unattended. Due to the pandemic, people are now more interested in visiting less- crowded rural India. This creates opportunity for rural areas. • There are traditional step wells which have heritage significance and also can be explored if the water sources can be revived. While attracting tourists, it will also solve the water issue faced by the people in the area. Steps Taken by the Govt. • In budget 2020-21, govt. has proposed five archaeological sites, namely, Rakhigarhi (Haryana), Hastinapur (Uttar Pradesh), Shivsagar (Assam), Dholavira (Gujarat) and Adichanallur (Tamil Nadu) to be developed as iconic sites with on-site Museums. • Rakhigarhi, the site of a pre-Indus Valley Civilisation settlement, dating back to about 6500 BCE village is located in Hisar District in Haryana. • Dholavira, a site of ruins of ancient Harappan city, is located near the Dholavira village in Gujarat. -
Assessment of Liverwort and Hornwort Flora of Nilgiri Hills, Western Ghats (India)
Polish Botanical Journal 58(2): 525–537, 2013 DOI: 10.2478/pbj-2013-0038 ASSESSMENT OF LIVERWORT AND HORNWORT FLORA OF NILGIRI HILLS, WESTERN GHATS (INDIA) PR AV E E N KUMAR VERMA 1, AFROZ ALAM & K. K. RAWAT Abstract. Bryophytes are an important part of the flora of the Nilgiri Hills of Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot. This paper gives an updated catalogue of the Hepaticae of the Nilgiri Hills. The list includes all available records, based on the authors’ collections and those in LWU and other renowned herbaria. The catalogue of liverworts indicates their substrate and occur- rence, and includes several records new for the Nilgiri bryoflora as well as for Western Ghats. The list of Hepaticae contains 29 families, 55 genera and 164 taxa. The list of Anthocerotae comprises 2 families, 3 genera and 5 taxa belonging to almost all life form types. Key words: Western Ghats, biodiversity hotspot, Tamil Nadu, Bryophyta, Hepaticae, Anthocerotae Praveen Kumar Verma, Rain Forest Research Institute, Deovan, Sotai Ali, Post Box # 136, Jorhat – 785 001 (Assam), India; e-mail: [email protected] Afroz Alam, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Tonk – 304 022 (Rajasthan), India; e-mail: [email protected] K. K. Rawat, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow – 226 001, India; e-mail: drkkrawat@ rediffmail.com INTRODUCT I ON The Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu are a part of the tropical hill forest, montane wet temperate forests, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR), recognized mixed deciduous, montane evergreen (shola grass- under the Man and Biosphere (MAB) Program land) (see also Champion & Seth 1968; Hockings of UNESCO. -
Chec List Distribution and Composition of Butterfly Species Along The
Check List 8(6): 1196–1215, 2012 © 2012 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution PECIES S OF Distribution and composition of butterfly species along ISTS L the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats 1 * 2 of India 3 Anand Padhye , Sheetal Shelke and Neelesh Dahanukar 1 Abasaheb Garware College, Department of Zoology. Karve Road, Pune 411004, India. 2 Abasaheb Garware College, [email protected] of Biodiversity. Karve Road, Pune 411004, India. 3 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Sai Trinity Building, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune 411021, India. * Corresponding author. Email: Abstract: Distribution of butterfly species along the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats was studied. The Western Ghats was divided into 14 latitude zones and the species diversity in each latitude zone, along with habitats of their occurrence, were studied using the data from literature survey for the entire Western Ghats as well as data from personal observations in the areas between 14°N to 20°N latitudes. Out of 334 species recorded from the Western Ghats, 58 species were found in all latitudinal zones, while 5 species were reported in only one latitudinal zone. Further, southern Western Ghats consisted of more number of species and more number of genera as compared to northern Western Ghats. Latitudinal zones between 10°N to 12°N had most of the Western Ghats endemic species. Habitat wise distribution of species revealed three significant clusters grossly separated by the level of human disturbance. Evergreen forest habitats supported maximum number of species endemic to the Western Ghats. -
Table of Contents
NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN Western Ghats Ecoregion R. J. Ranjit Daniels Coordinator Hon. Secretary Chennai Snake Park Trust Raj Bhavan PO Chennai 600 022 & Director Care Earth No 5, Shrinivas 21st Street Thillaiganganagar Chennai 600 061 Executing Agency: Government of India – Ministry of Environment and Forests Funding Agency: United Nations Development Programme/Global Environment Facility Technical Implementing Agency: Technical and Policy Core Group coordinated by Kalpavriksh Administrative Agency: Biotech Consortium India Limited Acknowledgements This document has been prepared as part of the national programme titled 'National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan' (NBSAP) – India, funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Global Environment Facility (GEF). The support and cooperation extended by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (NBSAP-Executing agency), the Technical and Policy Core Group (NBSAP- Technical implementing agency Coordinated by Kalpavriksh) and the Biotech Consortium India Ltd (NBSAP-Administrative agency) are most gratefully acknowledged herein. The support and encouragement provided by Shri B Vijayaraghavan IAS (Retd) – Chairman of the Chennai Snake Park Trust is also gratefully acknowledged. Throughout the process of preparation of the document a number of institutions/people helped in various ways. The complete list of institutions/persons who interacted/participated in the discussion meetings and contributed to the document is provided elsewhere. The following colleagues most willingly extended their support in organising discussion meetings and in channelising information and feedback that went into preparation of the document. Dr Jayshree Vencatesan *– Joint Director, Care Earth, Chennai. Shri Utkarsh Ghate *– RANWA, Pune. Dr P T Cherian* - Additional Director and Officer-in-Charge, ZSI, Chennai. -
Western Ghats
Western Ghats From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Sahyadri" redirects here. For other uses, see Sahyadri (disambiguation). Western Ghats Sahyadri सहहदररद Western Ghats as seen from Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu Highest point Peak Anamudi (Eravikulam National Park) Elevation 2,695 m (8,842 ft) Coordinates 10°10′N 77°04′E Coordinates: 10°10′N 77°04′E Dimensions Length 1,600 km (990 mi) N–S Width 100 km (62 mi) E–W Area 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi) Geography The Western Ghats lie roughly parallel to the west coast of India Country India States List[show] Settlements List[show] Biome Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Geology Period Cenozoic Type of rock Basalt and Laterite UNESCO World Heritage Site Official name: Natural Properties - Western Ghats (India) Type Natural Criteria ix, x Designated 2012 (36th session) Reference no. 1342 State Party India Region Indian subcontinent The Western Ghats are a mountain range that runs almost parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, located entirely in India. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the eight "hottest hotspots" of biological diversity in the world.[1][2] It is sometimes called the Great Escarpment of India.[3] The range runs north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, and separates the plateau from a narrow coastal plain, called Konkan, along the Arabian Sea. A total of thirty nine properties including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests were designated as world heritage sites - twenty in Kerala, ten in Karnataka, five in Tamil Nadu and four in Maharashtra.[4][5] The range starts near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti river, and runs approximately 1,600 km (990 mi) through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu ending at Kanyakumari, at the southern tip of India. -
Madurai, Tamil Nadu Technique of Tie and Dye by Prof
D’source 1 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource Making of Sungudi Sari - Madurai, Tamil Nadu Technique of Tie and Dye by Prof. Bibhudutta Baral and Hariharasudan T. NID Campus, Bengaluru Source: http://dsource.in/resource/making-sungudi-sari-ma- durai-tamil-nadu 1. Introduction 2. Tools and Raw Materials 3. Making Process 4. Products 5. Video 6. Contact Details D’source 2 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource Introduction Making of Sungudi Sari - Madurai is one of the oldest cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and also continuously inhabited cities in the Madurai, Tamil Nadu world since 1st millennium BC. The city is referred by many names like Koodal, Malligai Maanagar, Naanmadakoo- Technique of Tie and Dye dal and Thiruvalai. The city is also referred to as the ‘Athens of the East’. The word Madurai derived from Madhura by arising out of the divine nectar showered on the city by the Hindu god Shiva. Prof. Bibhudutta Baral and Hariharasudan T. NID Campus, Bengaluru As early as 3rd century BC Megasthanes, Greek ambassador to India visited Madurai. Signs of human settlements and roman trade links dating back to 300 BC are evident from excavations by ASI. Madurai is also mentioned in Kautilya’s Arthashastra. It is also mentioned in the works of roman historians Pliny the younger Ptolemy, the Greek geographer Strabo and also in Periplus of the Erythraen Sea. Sangam Literature like Maduraikkanci records the importance of Madurai as a capital of Pandyan dynasty. Source: http://dsource.in/resource/making-sungudi-sari-ma- Various kings like Pandyas, Cholas, Madurai Sultanate, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, and British ruled the durai-tamil-nadu/introduction king. -
IBTEX No. 85 of 2016 April 29, 2016
IBTEX No. 85 of 2016 April 29, 2016 USD 65.24 | EUR 75.47| GBP 94.24| JPY 0.59 Spot Prices of Overseas Ring Spun Yarn in Indicative Prices of Cotton Grey Fabrics in China Chinese Market Date: 7 Apr-2016 FOB Price Date: 7-Apr-2016 Price (Post-Tax) (Pre-Tax) Description Prices Prices (USD/Kg.) (Domestic Production) (Yuan/Meter) Country C32Sx32S 130x70 63” 2/1 fine 20S 30S 7.20 Carded Carded twill India 2.10 2.20 C40Sx40S 133X72 63” 1/1 poplin 6.40 Indonesia 2.78 3.18 C40Sx40S 128X68 67” 2/1 twill 6.20-6.40 Pakistan 2.20 2.60 24Sx24S 72x60 54” 1/1 batik Turkey 2.62 2.75 4.50 Source CCF Group dyeing 20Sx20S 60x60 63” 1/1 plain cloth 6.30 Exhibit your company at www.texprocil.org at INR 990 per annum Please click here to register your Company’s name DISCLAIMER: The information in this message July be privileged. If you have received it by mistake please notify "the sender" by return e-mail and delete the message from "your system". Any unauthorized use or dissemination of this message in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. Any "information" in this message that does not relate to "official business" shall be understood to be neither given nor endorsed by TEXPROCIL - The Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council. Page 1 News Clippings NEWS CLIPPINGS INTERNATIONAL NEWS No Topics 1 The implications of Sino-US trade tensions 2 Tunisia’s knitters are open for business 3 Taiwan : Textile industry urged to compete through quality 4 Pakistan: Depleting stocks push up cotton prices to seasonal high rates 5 China announces rules for sale of 9 million -
State-Wise List of Folk Dances of India
State-wise List of Folk Dances of India Folk Dances are performed on various occasions like festivals, weddings, the arrival of the season, etc. These dances are full of energy and vitality. Some are performed by men and women separately while in others they perform together. Each of these dance forms has a specific costume, extensive jewellery, sometimes headgears, etc. offering a unique identity to it. India is a land of diversities and festivals where folk dances are a way of expression and holds great importance in ancient history. There are various folk dances performed in India, the table below mentions some of the famous folk dances of Indian states. You May Also Check: Updated All Topic wise Static GK PDF (E-Book) – Click Here to Download Page 1 Follow us: Official Site, Telegram, Facebook, Instagram, Instamojo State Folk Dances Andhra Bhamakalpam, Veeranatyam, Dappu, Tappeta Gullu, Pradesh Kuchipudi, Vilasini Natyam, Andhra Natyam, Lambadi, Dhimsa, Kolattam, Butta Bommalu Arunachal Ponung, Popir, Bardo Chham, Buiya, Chalo, Wancho, Pasi Pradesh Kongki Assam Bagurumba, Naga dance, Khel Gopal, Tabal Chongli, Bihu, Bichhua, Natpuja, Maharas, Kaligopal, Canoe, Jhumura Hobjanai Bihar Panwariya, Sama Chakwa, Bidesia, Jata-Jatin, Bakho- Bakhain Chhattisgarh Gaur Maria, Panthi, Raut Nacha, Pandwani, Vedamati, Kapalik, Bharthari Charit, Chandaini Goa Tarangamel, Modni, Samayi nrutya, Jagar, Koli, Dekhni, Fugdi, Shigmo, Ghode, Ranmale, Gonph, Tonnya mell Gujarat Garba, Dandiya Ras, Tippani Juriun, Bhavai Haryana Jhumar, Phag, Daph, Dhamyal, -
Dance in India Dance Is a Product of Society and While Interacting with It Can Trace Its Roots to Several Centuries
PRELIMS SAMPOORNA As IAS prelims 2021 is knocking at the door, jitters and anxiety is a common emotion that an aspirant feels. But if we analyze the whole journey, these last few days act most crucial in your preparation. This is the time when one should muster all their strength and give the fi nal punch required to clear this exam. But the main task here is to consolidate the various resources that an aspirant is referring to. GS SCORE brings to you, Prelims Sampoorna, a series of all value-added resources in your prelims preparation, which will be your one-stop solution and will help in reducing your anxiety and boost your confi dence. As the name suggests, Prelims Sampoorna is a holistic program, which has 360- degree coverage of high-relevance topics. It is an outcome-driven initiative that not only gives you downloads of all resources which you need to summarize your preparation but also provides you with All India open prelims mock tests series in order to assess your learning. Let us summarize this initiative, which will include: GS Score UPSC Prelims 2021 Yearly Current Affairs Compilation of All 9 Subjects Topic-wise Prelims Fact Files (Approx. 40) Geography Through Maps (6 Themes) Map Based Questions ALL India Open Prelims Mock Tests Series including 10 Tests Compilation of Previous Year Questions with Detailed Explanation We will be uploading all the resources on a regular basis till your prelims exam. To get the maximum benefi t of the initiative keep visiting the website. To receive all updates through notifi cation, subscribe: www.iasscore.in IAS 2021 | ART & CULTURE (DANCES OF INDIA) | 1 DANCES OF INDIA Dance is an expression of self and emotion.