Indian Mountain Ranges & Summits
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The Alaknanda Basin (Uttarakhand Himalaya): a Study on Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options in an Ecologically Fragile Mountain Terrain”
Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options ICSSR PDF A Final Report On “The Alaknanda Basin (Uttarakhand Himalaya): A Study on Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options in an Ecologically Fragile Mountain Terrain” Under the Scheme of General Fellowship Submitted to Indian Council of Social Science Research Aruna Asaf Ali Marg JNU Institutional Area New Delhi By Vishwambhar Prasad Sati, Ph. D. General Fellow, ICSSR, New Delhi Department of Geography HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand E-mail: [email protected] Vishwambhar Prasad Sati 1 Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options ICSSR PDF ABBREVIATIONS • AEZ- Agri Export Zones • APEDA- Agriculture and Processed food products Development Authority • ARB- Alaknanda River Basin • BDF- Bhararisen Dairy Farm • CDPCUL- Chamoli District Dairy Production Cooperative Union Limited • FAO- Food and Agricultural Organization • FDA- Forest Development Agency • GBPIHED- Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development • H and MP- Herbs and Medicinal Plants • HAPPRC- High Altitude Plant Physiology Center • HDR- Human Development Report • HDRI- Herbal Research and Development Institute • HMS- Himalayan Mountain System • ICAR- Indian Council of Agricultural Research • ICIMOD- International Center of Integrated Mountain and Development • ICSSR- Indian Council of Social Science Research LSI- Livelihood Sustainability Index • IDD- Iodine Deficiency Disorder • IMDP- Intensive Mini Dairy Project • JMS- Journal of Mountain Science • MPCA- Medicinal Plant -
Conference Digest
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 21 Number 2 Himalayan Research Bulletin Article 17 2001 Conference Digest Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation . 2001. Conference Digest. HIMALAYA 21(2). Available at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol21/iss2/17 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Conference Digest CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS THE 30th ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON SOUTH ASIA MADISON, WISCONSIN OCTOBER 18-21, 2001 NATURE AND NATION: PERSPECTIVES FROM This paper will deal with the movement against forest res INDIA AND NEPAL ervation in the Garo Hills in the early 20th century, a move ment that succeeded in putting a halt to further reserva Gunnel Ceder!Of, Uppsala University tions and out of which a new type of ethnic politics and The Sovereign State and the Subjects' Right in Nature: leadership among the Garos evolved. The Garo Hills is situ India Under Company Rule ated in the eastern part of the present Indian State of Meghalaya. In contrast to the general situation in India, After forest lands were ceded to the East India Company the bulk of the forests in Meghalaya and other hill states of in the early nineteenth century, the principles of land settle Northeast India are under communal management and ment came into conflict with the local livelihoods of people ownership. -
Shankar Ias Academy Test 18 - Geography - Full Test - Answer Key
SHANKAR IAS ACADEMY TEST 18 - GEOGRAPHY - FULL TEST - ANSWER KEY 1. Ans (a) Explanation: Soil found in Tropical deciduous forest rich in nutrients. 2. Ans (b) Explanation: Sea breeze is caused due to the heating of land and it occurs in the day time 3. Ans (c) Explanation: • Days are hot, and during the hot season, noon temperatures of over 100°F. are quite frequent. When night falls the clear sky which promotes intense heating during the day also causes rapid radiation in the night. Temperatures drop to well below 50°F. and night frosts are not uncommon at this time of the year. This extreme diurnal range of temperature is another characteristic feature of the Sudan type of climate. • The savanna, particularly in Africa, is the home of wild animals. It is known as the ‘big game country. • The leaf and grass-eating animals include the zebra, antelope, giraffe, deer, gazelle, elephant and okapi. • Many are well camouflaged species and their presence amongst the tall greenish-brown grass cannot be easily detected. The giraffe with such a long neck can locate its enemies a great distance away, while the elephant is so huge and strong that few animals will venture to come near it. It is well equipped will tusks and trunk for defence. • The carnivorous animals like the lion, tiger, leopard, hyaena, panther, jaguar, jackal, lynx and puma have powerful jaws and teeth for attacking other animals. 4. Ans (b) Explanation: Rivers of Tamilnadu • The Thamirabarani River (Porunai) is a perennial river that originates from the famous Agastyarkoodam peak of Pothigai hills of the Western Ghats, above Papanasam in the Ambasamudram taluk. -
Understanding REPORT of the WESTERNGHATS ECOLOGY EXPERT PANEL
Understanding REPORT OF THE WESTERNGHATS ECOLOGY EXPERT PANEL KERALA PERSPECTIVE KERALA STATE BIODIVERSITY BOARD Preface The Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel report and subsequent heritage tag accorded by UNESCO has brought cheers to environmental NGOs and local communities while creating apprehensions among some others. The Kerala State Biodiversity Board has taken an initiative to translate the report to a Kerala perspective so that the stakeholders are rightly informed. We need to realise that the whole ecosystem from Agasthyamala in the South to Parambikulam in the North along the Western Ghats in Kerala needs to be protected. The Western Ghats is a continuous entity and therefore all the 6 states should adopt a holistic approach to its preservation. The attempt by KSBB is in that direction so that the people of Kerala along with the political decision makers are sensitized to the need of Western Ghats protection for the survival of themselves. The Kerala-centric report now available in the website of KSBB is expected to evolve consensus of people from all walks of life towards environmental conservation and Green planning. Dr. Oommen V. Oommen (Chairman, KSBB) EDITORIAL Western Ghats is considered to be one of the eight hottest hot spots of biodiversity in the World and an ecologically sensitive area. The vegetation has reached its highest diversity towards the southern tip in Kerala with its high statured, rich tropical rain fores ts. But several factors have led to the disturbance of this delicate ecosystem and this has necessitated conservation of the Ghats and sustainable use of its resources. With this objective Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel was constituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) comprising of 14 members and chaired by Prof. -
Government of India Ground Water Year Book of Haryana State (2015
CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANGA REJUVINATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK OF HARYANA STATE (2015-2016) North Western Region Chandigarh) September 2016 1 CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT AND GANGA REJUVINATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA GROUND WATER YEAR BOOK OF HARYANA STATE 2015-2016 Principal Contributors GROUND WATER DYNAMICS: M. L. Angurala, Scientist- ‘D’ GROUND WATER QUALITY Balinder. P. Singh, Scientist- ‘D’ North Western Region Chandigarh September 2016 2 FOREWORD Central Ground Water Board has been monitoring ground water levels and ground water quality of the country since 1968 to depict the spatial and temporal variation of ground water regime. The changes in water levels and quality are result of the development pattern of the ground water resources for irrigation and drinking water needs. Analyses of water level fluctuations are aimed at observing seasonal, annual and decadal variations. Therefore, the accurate monitoring of the ground water levels and its quality both in time and space are the main pre-requisites for assessment, scientific development and planning of this vital resource. Central Ground Water Board, North Western Region, Chandigarh has established Ground Water Observation Wells (GWOW) in Haryana State for monitoring the water levels. As on 31.03.2015, there were 964 Ground Water Observation Wells which included 481 dug wells and 488 piezometers for monitoring phreatic and deeper aquifers. In order to strengthen the ground water monitoring mechanism for better insight into ground water development scenario, additional ground water observation wells were established and integrated with ground water monitoring database. -
Gori River Basin Substate BSAP
A BIODIVERSITY LOG AND STRATEGY INPUT DOCUMENT FOR THE GORI RIVER BASIN WESTERN HIMALAYA ECOREGION DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL A SUB-STATE PROCESS UNDER THE NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN INDIA BY FOUNDATION FOR ECOLOGICAL SECURITY MUNSIARI, DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL 2003 SUBMITTED TO THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................................................ 4 The authoring institution. ........................................................................................................... 4 The scope. .................................................................................................................................. 5 A DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA ............................................................................... 9 The landscape............................................................................................................................. 9 The People ............................................................................................................................... 10 THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE GORI RIVER BASIN. ................................................ 15 A brief description of the biodiversity values. ......................................................................... 15 Habitat and community representation in flora. .......................................................................... 15 Species richness and life-form -
Geomorphic Evolution of Dehra Dun, NW Himalaya: Tectonics and Climatic Coupling
Geomorphology 266 (2016) 20–32 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geomorphology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geomorph Geomorphic evolution of Dehra Dun, NW Himalaya: Tectonics and climatic coupling Swati Sinha, Rajiv Sinha ⁎ Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India article info abstract Article history: The Dehra Dun is a good example of a piggyback basin formed from the growth of the Siwalik hills. Two large riv- Received 22 November 2015 ers, the Ganga and the Yamuna, and their tributaries deposit a significant part of their sediment load in the Dun Received in revised form 1 May 2016 before they enter the Gangetic plains. This work documents the geomorphic complexities and landform evolu- Accepted 2 May 2016 tion of the Dehra Dun through geomorphic mapping and chronostratigraphic investigation of the incised fan sec- Available online 6 May 2016 tions. Lesser Himalayan hills, inner and outer dissected hills, isolated hills, proximal fan, distal fan, dip slope unit, fl fi Keywords: oodplains, and terraces are the major geomorphic units identi ed in the area. Isolated hills of fan material (IHF), fi Intermontane valleys proximal fan (PF), and distal fan (DF) are identi ed as fan surfaces from north to south of the valley. The OSL Himalayan foreland based chronology of the fan sediments suggests that the IHF is the oldest fan consisting of debris flow deposits Valley fills with a maximum age of ~43 ka coinciding with the precipitation minima. The proximal fan consisting of sheet Fan deposits flow deposits represents the second phase of aggradation between 34 and 21 ka caused by shifting of deposition locus downstream triggered by high sediment supply that exceeded the transport capacity. -
GA Capsule (27-12-19).Pdf
1. Silviculture is the branch of 8. Curd is sour due to presence of 16. Statements: botany in which we study about- (a) Citric Acid 1. In Gymnosperms, seeds are (a) Culture of algae (b) Lactic Acid enclosing in side fruits. (b) Development of ofrest (c) Acetic Acid 2. Dicots and monocots are (c) Culture of fungi (d) None of these included in Angiospersm. (d) Siliciphida plant 9. EBOLA is a – (a) Both Statements 1 and 2 are 2. Study of pollen grain is called- correct. (a) Pomology (a) Virus (b) Bacteria (b) Both Statements 1 and 2 are (b) Palynology incorrect. (c) Protozoa (c) Phocology (c) Statement 1 is correct, but (d) Mycology (d) Fungi Statement 2 is incorrect. 3. Study of internal structure of 10. Virus that infect bacteria are (d) Statement 1 is incorrect, but plant- called Statement 2 is correct. (a) Morphology (a) Bacteriophages 17. Which part of the cinchona yields (b) Anatomy (b) Basophils a drug? (c) Cology (c) Basal body (a) Endosperm (b) Pericarp (d) Taxonomy (d) Basidiospores (c) Bark (d) leaf 4. Estimatin of age of woody plant 11. Desease caused by HIV- 18. Fiber of cotton is obtain from– by counting annual ring is- (a) Tuberculosis (a) Stem (b) Seed (a) Dendrology (b) Cancer (c) Fruit (d) Root (b) Dendrochronology (c) Acquired immune deficiency 19. An enzyme produced by HIV that (c) Agronomy syndrome allows the integration of HIV (d) Demography (d) None of these DNA into the host cell‘s DNA 5. Study of growing plant without 12. The biggest single- celled is - soil in water containing nutrient organism is (a) Integrase is- (a) Yeast (b) Ligase (a) Hydrotonics (b) Acetabularia (c) Helicase (b) Hydroponics (c) Acetobacter (d) DNA gyrase (c) Hypotonics (d) Amoeba 20. -
Sgp National Strategy Global Environment Facility (Gef Sgp) in the Republic of Tajikistan (2015-2018)
SGP NATIONAL STRATEGY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY (GEF SGP) IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN (2015-2018) SGP NATIONAL STRATEGY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY (GEF SGP) IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN (2015-2018) Country: Tajikistan Funds for the sixth Operational Phase ($) ??? USD a. Funds of the GEF Small Grants Programme ??? USD b. Residual balance (for the fivth Operational Phase): ??? USD c. STAR funds: ??? USD d. Other funds which should be involved: ??? USD (project co –financing ) This strategy serves as a fundamental document for the Small Grants Programme of the Global Environment Facility in Tajikistan (hereinafter - the GEF SGP), determining the thematic and geographical scope of work of the GEF SGP in the country, as well as governing the rules and procedures of programme work. The National Strategy has been developed in accordance with the guidelines and strategic priorities of the GEF on the GEF-VI operational period (2015-2018), as well as the strategic priorities for the environmental preservation in the Republic of Tajikistan and the guidance documents of the GEF SGP for all participating countries. The National Programme Strategy to be reviewed for the next GEF–VII operational period. Table of Contents Acronyms 6 1. General information on the GEF SGP results in the framework of OP5 7 1.1. Brief summary of the GEF SGP Strategy in Tajikistan 9 1.2. Base terms for the GEF SGP in Tajikistan 11 Socio-economic context 11 Geographical context 11 Biodiversity context 13 Protected areas 13 Existing legal terms 13 Institutional context 15 2. Programme niche of the GEF SGP Country Strategy 16 Setting priorities 18 POPs / chemicals 22 Environmental management and economic benefits 25 Geographical and thematic coverage 27 2.1. -
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1
. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Brief background: Biodiversity may be defined as the richness of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms in any given habitat such as land, water (fresh or saline including seas) or as parasites or symbionts. It is a product of evolution over millions of years. It may be subdivided into three categories – genes, species, and ecosystem. Genetic diversity refers to the variations in the genes within a species. This covers distinct populations of the same species (for example we have thousands of traditional varieties of rice in India.). The term Species diversity refers to the populations of different plants, animals, and microorganisms in a given habitat, existing as an interacting system. They are also referred to as communities. An aggregate of communities occurring as an interacting system in a given ecological niche makes an Ecosystem Biodiversity is the source of all living materials used as food, shelter, clothing, biomass energy, medicaments, and host of other raw materials used in bio-industrial development. Thus, the ecology & economy of the country depends upon the status of its Biodiversity. India is predominantly a biomass-based country with largely bio-industrial pattern of development. Our stakes in biodiversity are high. There is an increasing pressure on natural resources due to growing human population and enhanced pace of socio-economic development. This has led to degradation of habitats and has resulted in loss of biodiversity and agricultural productivity. Biodiversity is an irreplaceable resource: its extinction is forever. Such loss of species affects not only the plants, animals and microorganisms in nature together with those under cultivation / domestication and used in industry, but also species whose values are yet to be ascertained. -
Bhiwani, One of the Eleven Districts! of Haryana State, Came Into Existence
Bhiwani , one of the eleven districts! of Haryana State , came into existence on December 22, 1972, and was formally inaugurated on Ja ilUary 14 , 1973. It is mmed after the headquarters . town of Bhiwani , believed to be a corruption of the word Bhani. From Bhani, it changed to Bhiani and then Bhiwani. Tradi tion has it that one Neem , a Jatu Rajput , who belonged to vill age B:twani 2, then in Hansi tahsil of the Hisar (Hissar) di strict , came to settle at Kaunt , a village near the present town of Bhiwani. Thi s was re sen ted by the local Jat inhabitants, and they pl otted his murder. Neem was war ned by a Jat woman , named Bahni, and thus forewarned , had his revenge on th e loc al Jat s. He killed m~st of them at a banquet, the site of which wa s min ed with gun- powder. He m'lrried B:thni and founded a village nam ed after her. At the beginning of the nineteenth century , Bhiwani was an in signifi cant village in the Dadri pargana, under the control of the Nawab of Jhajj ar. It is, how - ever, referred to as a town when the British occupied it in 1810 .3 It gained importance during British rule when in 1817, it was sel ected for the site of a mandi or free market, and Charkhi Dadri, still under the Nawa bs, lost its importance as a seat of commerce. Location and boundaries.- The district of Bhiwani lie s in be twee n latitude 2&0 19' and 290 OS' and longitude 750 28' to 760 28' . -
Forest Degradation and Governance in Central India: Evidence from Ecology, Remote Sensing and Political Ecology
Forest Degradation and Governance in Central India: Evidence from Ecology, Remote Sensing and Political Ecology Meghna Agarwala Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Graduate School of the Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 © 2014 Meghna Agarwala All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Forest Degradation and Governance in Central India: Evidence from Ecology, Remote Sensing and Political Ecology Meghna Agarwala There is no clear consensus on the impact of local communities on the resources they manage, primarily due to a shortage of studies with large sample sizes that incorporate multiple causal factors. As governments decentralize resource management to local communities, it is important to identify factors that prevent resource degradation, to inform more effective decentralization, and help the development of institutional characteristics that prevent resource degradation. This study used remote sensing techniques to quantify forest biomass in tropical deciduous forests in Kanha-Pench landscape of Central India, and used these metrics to identify factors associated with changes in forest biomass. Kanha-Pench landscape was chosen because of its variation in forest use, and because forests were transferred over a period where satellite imagery was available to track changes. To verify that remote- sensing measured changes indeed constitute degradation, I conducted ecological studies in six villages, to understand changes in biomass, understory, canopy, species diversity and long-term forest composition in intensively used forests. To understand the impact of institutional variables on changes in forest, I interviewed members of forest management committees in fifty villages in the landscape, and tested which institutional variables were associated with changes in forest canopy since 2002, when the forests were decentralized to local communities.