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Chretien Consensus
End of the CHRÉTIEN CONSENSUS? Jason Clemens Milagros Palacios Matthew Lau Niels Veldhuis Copyright ©2017 by the Fraser Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. The authors of this publication have worked independently and opinions expressed by them are, therefore, their own, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Fraser Institute or its supporters, Directors, or staff. This publication in no way implies that the Fraser Institute, its Directors, or staff are in favour of, or oppose the passage of, any bill; or that they support or oppose any particular political party or candidate. Date of issue: March 2017 Printed and bound in Canada Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data End of the Chrétien Consensus? / Jason Clemens, Matthew Lau, Milagros Palacios, and Niels Veldhuis Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-88975-437-9 Contents Introduction 1 Saskatchewan’s ‘Socialist’ NDP Begins the Journey to the Chrétien Consensus 3 Alberta Extends and Deepens the Chrétien Consensus 21 Prime Minister Chrétien Introduces the Chrétien Consensus to Ottawa 32 Myths of the Chrétien Consensus 45 Ontario and Alberta Move Away from the Chrétien Consensus 54 A New Liberal Government in Ottawa Rejects the Chrétien Consensus 66 Conclusions and Recommendations 77 Endnotes 79 www.fraserinstitute.org d Fraser Institute d i ii d Fraser Institute d www.fraserinstitute.org Executive Summary TheChrétien Consensus was an implicit agreement that transcended political party and geography regarding the soundness of balanced budgets, declining government debt, smaller and smarter government spending, and competi- tive taxes that emerged in the early 1990s and lasted through to roughly the mid-2000s. -
Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta
Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta by Dr. Eric Howe University of Saskatchewan Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta Te Provincial Beneft Exceeds a Quarter of a Trillion Dollars by Dr. Eric Howe University of Saskatchewan Rupertsland Centre for Metis Research (RCMR) Contents Message from the President of the MNA 1 Message from the Director 2 Executive Summary 4 Section 1. Te Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta is large, and growing rapidly 8 Section 2. Education and earnings in Alberta 9 Section 2.1 How much will non-Aboriginal Albertans earn? 11 Section 2.2 How much will Métis Albertans earn? 12 Section 2.3 How much will First Nations Albertans earn? 13 Section 2.4 What do working Albertans do? 15 Section 2.5 What about lucrative/low-education jobs in non-renewable resources? 18 Section 3. Bridging Alberta’s Aboriginal Education Gap would beneft Albertans 20 by more than a quarter of a trillion dollars Section 3.1 Te beneft includes an individual monetary beneft of $44.2 billion 23 Section 3.2 Te beneft includes an individual nonmonetary beneft of $132.5 billion 27 Section 3.3 Te beneft includes an external social beneft of $68.7 billion 29 Section 3.4 Te total beneft is $245.3 billion 30 Section 3.5 Te total beneft is $270.5 billion afer correcting for census undercounting 30 Section 4. Te Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta is growing rapidly 32 Section 5. Te impact of the Métis Training to Employment program 37 Section 6. Te potential impact of a Métis teacher education program in Alberta 40 Section 7. -
Socialists, Populists, Policies and the Economic Development of Alberta and Saskatchewan
Mostly Harmless: Socialists, Populists, Policies and the Economic Development of Alberta and Saskatchewan Herb Emery R.D. Kneebone Department of Economics University of Calgary This Paper has been prepared for the Canadian Network for Economic History Meetings: The Future of Economic History, to be held at Guelph, Ontario, October 17-19, 2003. Please do not cite without permission of the authors. 1 “The CCF-NDP has been a curse on the province of Saskatchewan and have unquestionably retarded our economic development, for which our grandchildren will pay.”(Colin Thatcher, former Saskatchewan MLA, cited in MacKinnon 2003) In 1905 Wilfrid Laurier’s government established the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta with a border running from north to south and drawn so as to create two provinces approximately equal in area, population and economy. Over time, the political boundary has defined two increasingly unequal economies as Alberta now has three times the population of Saskatchewan and a GDP 4.5 times that of Saskatchewan. What role has the border played in determining the divergent outcomes of the two provincial economies? Factor endowments may have made it inevitable that Alberta would prosper relative to Saskatchewan. But for small open economies depending on external sources of capital to produce natural resources for export, government policies can play a role in encouraging or discouraging investment in the economy, especially those introduced early in the development process and in economic activities where profits are higher when production is spatially concentrated (agglomeration economies). Tax policies and regulations can encourage or discourage location decisions and in this way give spark to (or extinguish) agglomeration economies. -
British Columbia School Consolidation from the Perspective of the Prince George Region
CONTEXTUALIZING CONSOLIDATION: BRITISH COLUMBIA SCHOOL CONSOLIDATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PRINCE GEORGE REGION by THEODORE D. RENQUIST B. A., Simon Fraser University, 1974 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Educational Studies We accept this thesis as conforming to tWe^eajlired standard THE^UNIVERSITY OF BR/'TIS H COLUMBIA December, 1994 ©Theodore Renquist, 1994 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at The University of British Columbia., I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Educational Studies The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 Date: August 1994 Abstract Throughout the first half of this century controversy surrounded the division of governance between provincial and local authorities. In a general sense this thesis examines the centralizing forces of equality of opportunity promoted by the provincial government versus the forces of decentralization found in the principle of local autonomy. Specifically this thesis examines the reasons why the school districts in die central interior of British Columbia, around Prince George, were consolidated with little or no opposition in 1946 following the recommendations of the Cameron Report. This thesis is a case study of the region approximately in the center of the province that was to become School District No. -
Mapping Migration Patterns in the Upper Fraser Region, British Columbia
Mapping Migration Patterns in the Upper Fraser Region, British Columbia Kyle Kusch , University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada, V2N 4Z9, Email: [email protected] Abstract: In 2000 and 2005, two sets of oral history interviews were conducted with current and former residents who lived in the Upper Fraser region of British Columbia 1945 and 1975 (the peak years of sawmill operations in the region). Many of the questions posed revolved around issues of migration, including why residents migrated to the area, where they came from, and reasons for their departure. This research presents results of the two sets of interviews and displays the results using data-intensive descriptive mapping techniques. Results indicate that most residents arrived from the Prairie Provinces and Scandinavia in search of employment, and were prompted to leave due to forest industry consolidation, lack of employment opportunity outside of the lumber industry, and lack of educational facilities in the region. Keywords: Upper Fraser region, descriptive mapping, rural-to-urban migration, community change, historical geography 1.0 Introduction Between 1920 and 1990, the Upper Fraser region of British Columbia experienced a period of rapid socio-economic change in which numerous small communities developed, boomed, busted and faded away. The fortunes of these towns largely revolved around the existence of sawmills, which began to close in the 1960’s as the lumber industry consolidated. As the long-term sustainability of most rural communities is dependent upon resource-based primary industries, these communities are vulnerable to even slight variations in local socio-economic infrastructure (Halseth 1999, Bryant and Joseph 2001, LeBlanc 2003). -
Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta
Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta by Dr. Eric Howe University of Saskatchewan Bridging the Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta The Provincial Benefit Exceeds a Quarter of a Trillion Dollars by Dr. Eric Howe University of Saskatchewan Rupertsland Centre for Metis Research (RCMR) Contents Message from the President of the MNA 1 Message from the Director 2 Executive Summary 4 Section 1. The Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta is large, and growing rapidly 8 Section 2. Education and earnings in Alberta 9 Section 2.1 How much will non-Aboriginal Albertans earn? 11 Section 2.2 How much will Métis Albertans earn? 12 Section 2.3 How much will First Nations Albertans earn? 13 Section 2.4 What do working Albertans do? 15 Section 2.5 What about lucrative/low-education jobs in non-renewable resources? 18 Section 3. Bridging Alberta’s Aboriginal Education Gap would benefit Albertans 20 by more than a quarter of a trillion dollars Section 3.1 The benefit includes an individual monetary benefit of $44.2 billion 23 Section 3.2 The benefit includes an individual nonmonetary benefit of $132.5 billion 27 Section 3.3 The benefit includes an external social benefit of $68.7 billion 29 Section 3.4 The total benefit is $245.3 billion 30 Section 3.5 The total benefit is $270.5 billion after correcting for census undercounting 30 Section 4. The Aboriginal Education Gap in Alberta is growing rapidly 32 Section 5. The impact of the Métis Training to Employment program 37 Section 6. The potential impact of a Métis teacher education program in Alberta 40 Section 7. -
Capital and Labour in the Forest Economies of the Port Alberni and Prince George Districts, British Columbia, 1910-1939
ON THE FRIMGES: CAPITAL APJn LABOUR IN THE FOREST ECONOMIES OF THE PORT ALBERNI AND PRINCE GEORGE DISTRICTS, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1910-1939 by Gordon Hugh Hak B.A. University of Victoria 1978 M.A. University of Guelph 1981 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF \I THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of History @ Gordon Hugh Hak 1986 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY April 1986 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name : GORDON HAK Degree : Ph.D. Title of thesis: On the Fringes: Capital and Labour in the Forest Economies of the Port Alberni and Prince George Districts, British Columbia, 1910-1939. Examining Committee: J. I[ Little, Chairman Allen ~ea@#, ~ekiorSupervisor - - Michael Fellman, Supervisory Committee Robin Fdr,Supervisory Commit tee Hugh ~&nst@: IJepa<tment of History Gerald Friesen, External Examiner Professor, History Department University of Manitoba PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
Debates of the House of Commons
43rd PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION House of Commons Debates Official Report (Hansard) Volume 150 No. 002 Thursday, September 24, 2020 Speaker: The Honourable Anthony Rota CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) 25 HOUSE OF COMMONS Thursday, September 24, 2020 The House met at 10 a.m. Throughout his career, first as a lawyer and later as a politician, he was always the epitome of elegance and humility. John treated every person with dignity and respect. No matter how busy he was, he never forgot anyone's birthday. Prayer As a member of Parliament, John had the privilege of serving three different provinces. Thanks to his mastery of the law and the ROUTINE PROCEEDINGS democratic process, he was able to overhaul the Criminal Code. His work for the Department of Justice paved the way for legal aid in ● (1005) Canada, ensuring that every person could defend their rights, re‐ [English] gardless of their economic or cultural background. These changes transformed the lives of millions of Canadians. GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO PETITIONS Mr. Kevin Lamoureux (Parliamentary Secretary to the Presi‐ It was obvious to anyone who spoke with John how much he dent of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada and to the Lead‐ loved Canada. John always talked about his country with immense er of the Government in the House of Commons, Lib.): Mr. hope and optimism. For him, Canada was a place where people Speaker, pursuant to Standing Order 36(8)(a), I have the honour to helped and respected one another, a place where equality was a way table, in both official languages, the government's response to 67 of life. -
Allegations Involving Bill 22
OFFICE OF THE ETHICS COMMISSIONER PROVINCE OF ALBERTA Report of the Investigation under the Conflicts of Interest Act by Hon. Marguerite Trussler, Q.C., Ethics Commissioner into allegations involving Premier Jason Kenney- MLA, Calgary- Lougheed, Minister Doug Schweitzer- MLA, Calgary- Elbow, Minister Leela Aheer- MLA, Chestermere- Strathmore Minister Josephine Pon- MLA, Calgary- Beddington, Associate Minister Jason Luan- MLA, Calgary- Foothills, Member Joseph Schow- MLA, Cardston- Siksika, Member Jordan Walker- MLA, Sherwood Park, Member Peter Singh- MLA, Calgary- East, Members of the UCP Caucus at large April 27, 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………..2 BACKGROUND…………………………………………………………………………………2 SCOPE AND AUTHORITY…………………………………………………………………….4 RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF LEGISLATION FOR THIS INVESTIGATION ................ 7 USE OF PREAMBLE ...................................................................................................... 8 INVESTIGATIVE PROCESS .......................................................................................... 9 FACTS .......................................................................................................................... 10 FINDINGS ..................................................................................................................... 11 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................... 21 1 Introduction On December 11, 2019, I received a request from Rachel Notley, Leader of Her Majesty’s Loyal -
STONY LAKE History, Trails & Recreation
STONY LAKE History, Trails & Recreation Stony Lake watercolour, by Euphemia McNaught, 1976 (view from the Stony Lake Ranger Station) The well preserved remains of the old bridge at Stony Lake Stony Lake today Stony Lake, popular for camping, fishing and hiking, lies southeast of Tumbler Ridge, fifty-five kilometers by road via the Boundary Road (Heritage Highway East). Its shores and surrounding area have been the scene of some of the most intriguing history in northeastern British Columbia, such as its first tourist resort and the discovery of natural gas in Canada. 2 Access to Stony Lake today is via a slightly rough road that leads for 1.6 kilometres from the Boundary Road (55 kilometres from Tumbler Ridge) to the Forest Recreation Site on the northeastern shore of the lake. Here there are a number of campsites and fire pits, and a simple boat launch area. Within this area would have stood trapper Emil Kruger’s old 1930s cabin, of which there is no trace. (Its location was under 100 metres east of the boat launch and in the tiny bay just east of the prominent knoll, so as to avoid the force of the prevailing westerly winds.) The lake remains popular for fishing, predominantly Northern Pike, although the prodigious catches of the late 1930s no longer occur. The long reach can make for large waves. Canoeing in an easterly direction along a narrower portion of the lake to the terminal beaver dam is more sheltered, with opportunities for wildlife and bird watching. There are tantalizing remains of the Monkman days, which make for a fascinating trip back into the past. -
Alberta Hansard
Province of Alberta The 29th Legislature First Session Alberta Hansard Wednesday afternoon, June 24, 2015 Day 7 The Honourable Robert E. Wanner, Speaker Legislative Assembly of Alberta The 29th Legislature First Session Wanner, Hon. Robert E., Medicine Hat (ND), Speaker Jabbour, Deborah C., Peace River (ND), Deputy Speaker and Chair of Committees Feehan, Richard, Edmonton-Rutherford (ND), Deputy Chair of Committees Aheer, Leela Sharon, Chestermere-Rocky View (W) Malkinson, Brian, Calgary-Currie (ND) Anderson, Shaye, Leduc-Beaumont (ND) Mason, Hon. Brian, Edmonton-Highlands-Norwood (ND), Anderson, Wayne, Highwood (W) Government House Leader Babcock, Erin D., Stony Plain (ND) McCuaig-Boyd, Hon. Margaret, Barnes, Drew, Cypress-Medicine Hat (W) Dunvegan-Central Peace-Notley (ND) Bhullar, Manmeet Singh, Calgary-Greenway (PC) McIver, Ric, Calgary-Hays (PC), Bilous, Hon. Deron, Edmonton-Beverly-Clareview (ND), Leader of the Progressive Conservative Opposition Deputy Government House Leader McKitrick, Annie, Sherwood Park (ND) Carlier, Hon. Oneil, Whitecourt-Ste. Anne (ND) McLean, Stephanie V., Calgary-Varsity (ND), Carson, Jonathon, Edmonton-Meadowlark (ND) Deputy Government Whip Ceci, Hon. Joe, Calgary-Fort (ND) McPherson, Karen M., Calgary-Mackay-Nose Hill (ND) Clark, Greg, Calgary-Elbow (AP) Miller, Barb, Red Deer-South (ND) Connolly, Michael R.D., Calgary-Hawkwood (ND) Miranda, Ricardo, Calgary-Cross (ND) Coolahan, Craig, Calgary-Klein (ND) Nielsen, Christian E., Edmonton-Decore (ND) Cooper, Nathan, Olds-Didsbury-Three Hills (W), Nixon, Jason, Rimbey-Rocky Mountain House-Sundre (W), Official Opposition House Leader Official Opposition Whip Cortes-Vargas, Estefania, Strathcona-Sherwood Park (ND) Notley, Hon. Rachel, Edmonton-Strathcona (ND), Cyr, Scott J., Bonnyville-Cold Lake (W), Premier Official Opposition Deputy Whip Orr, Ronald, Lacombe-Ponoka (W) Dach, Lorne, Edmonton-McClung (ND) Payne, Brandy, Calgary-Acadia (ND) Dang, Thomas, Edmonton-South West (ND) Phillips, Hon. -
Electoral Area H
C hu r d DL 8942 c h Rd R k C DL 11662 c i DL 3316 a r DL 5317A m r DL 8933 M p e DL 8932 c 2 H B DL 8935 RedTail Rd 7 r R id d Aleza e P L ass La oo ke R k d ou McBride Area Inset Lake Hansard DL 8937 DL 11663 t F SR DL 8941Lake DL 3330 DL 3315 Pass Newlands Lake Rd Plantway aserR er Fr d Upp M useum Rd Po DL 8936 rt Upper Fraser a g Willow e Eaglet DL 8940 Rd McBride Highway 16 W River Lake DL 3314 DL 11893 Shovar Rd R Bear FS Electoral Area 'H' - Robson Valley-Canoe DL 3540 Giscome Sinclair DL 8932 DL 3542 McGregor DL 5337 Mills DL 2076 River Bowron DL Fraser 3541 City of River River DL 2076 DL 3313 Westlund Rd DL 8943 Shelby Prince Creek M c B East r George r id D e McBride Highway 16 W r S DL 3539 Perry le M o DL 9956 d us u i eu DL 5314A Shelley e m th d R DL 3312 Z d R R DL 8937 DL 3331 DL 3543 d e k DL 11872 y Ferndale D DL 3330Longworth DL 3538 DL 3542 River Bend Rd DL 12018 d Gray Rd R Acc d n h e s R Village of R t s d Airport Rd w Tabor a r bo o n i m w r Purden Lake a o g d R n s R DL D ne DL 3311 Prince George Highway 16 E o ar Lake Tabor B L 8235 Lake T McBride Shantz Pl a R b orLo kout d o Dorv al Pl N orth We M City of st F o ro unt ntage ain View Rd Penny Rd Bridge Rd DL Poo Be S l R aver P 1st Ave 12503 d FS H en Doran Rd R unga ry ny Airport ss d S outh R Prince DL 8944 Dorval Rd e R t W d W ny C en Ac c e E i re st Koeneman ll P e F o ro DL 3310 w n k tag Regional N e DL 8939 F R o d Park DL 11873 S Shelby Rd DL 3537 r R Taggart Lane George t DL 3544 h DL F DL 8236 o 4075 DL 3332 N d d r R R e e or oeneman s n th