Environmental Impact Assessment June 2016 PRC: Wuhan Urban Environmental Improvement Project Prepared by Wuhan Municipal Government for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in February 2010 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/wuhan-urban-environmental-improvement-project-seia. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Summary Environmental Impact Assessment for Loan 2647-PRC: Wuhan Urban Environmental Improvement Project June 2016 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 26 Aug 2013) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1622 $1.00 = CNY 6.1523 ABBREVIATIONS ADB — Asian Development Bank AOX — absorbable organic halogen BOD5 — 5-day biochemical oxygen demand CDM — clean development mechanism CNY — Chinese Yuan CO2 — carbon dioxide CO — carbon monoxide COD — chemical oxygen demand CODMn — permanganate index CSC — construction supervision company DO — dissolved oxygen EA — executing agency EHS — environment, health and safety EIA — environmental impact assessment i EIRR — economic internal rate of return EMP — environmental management plan HEPB — Hubei Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau HCl — hydrogen chlorine H2S — hydrogen sulfides FSR — feasibility study report GDP — gross domestic product IA — implementing agency IU — implementing unite LIEMC — loan implementation management consultant N — nitrogen NH3 — ammonia NH3-N — ammonia nitrogen NOx — nitrogen oxides O&M — operation and maintenance P — phosphorus PAH — polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PCB — polychlorinated biphenyl PCDD — polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin PCDF — polychlorinated dibenzofuran PMO — project management office POPs — persistent organic pollutants PPTA — project preparatory technical assistance PRC — People’s Republic of China PS — pumping station RP — resettlement plan SEIA — summary environmental impact assessment SOx — sulphur oxides SS — suspended solids STP — sludge treatment plant TN — Total nitrogen TP — total phosphorus TSP — total suspended particle WEMC — Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Centre WMG — Wuhan Municipal Government WQM — water quality model WSTP — water supply treatment plant WUDDC — Wuhan Urban Drainage Development Co., Ltd. WWMP — Wuhan Wastewater Management Project WWSMP — Wuhan Wastewater and Stormwater Management Project WWTP — wastewater treatment plant iii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ℃ — degree Centigrade ha — hectare km — kilometer km2 — square kilometer m — meter m3 — cubic meter m3/d — cubic meter per day m3/s — cubic meter per second mm — millimeter mu — Chinese acre t/d — ton per day t/yr — ton per year NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................... 4 A. Component of Sludge Treatment and Disposal ................................................................. 17 B. Component of New Zone Lakes/Channels Rehabilitation and Pumping Station ................ 18 C. Component of Yangchun Lake Secondary Urban Centre Lake/Channel Rehabilitation ..... 20 D. Component of Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building ...................................... 21 E. Policy Dialogue ................................................................................................................ 22 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................ 25 A. Topography and Geology ................................................................................................. 25 B. Climate and Rainfall ......................................................................................................... 25 C. Hydrology ......................................................................................................................... 26 D. Ecological Resources ....................................................................................................... 27 E. Water Quality and Pollution .............................................................................................. 28 F. Social and Economic Conditions ...................................................................................... 32 IV. ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................... 34 A. With and Without Project Alternatives ............................................................................... 34 B. Alternatives in Sludge Treatment and Disposal ................................................................. 38 C. Alternatives in Water Circulation among Lakes/Channels ................................................. 42 D. Alternatives in Lakes/Rivers Rehabilitation ....................................................................... 45 E. Alternatives in Pumping Station ........................................................................................ 45 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................. 46 A. Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits ................................................................... 46 B. Mitigation Measures during the Design Phase .................................................................. 49 C. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction .............................. 50 D. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation ................................... 58 E. Land Acquisition and Resettlement ................................................................................... 63 VI. ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 66 VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ....................................................................... 67 A. Environmental Management ............................................................................................. 67 B. Environmental Monitoring ................................................................................................. 68 C. Institutional Enhancement ................................................................................................ 68 VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ....................................... 68 A. Public Participation during the Project Preparation Period ................................................ 68 B. Future Plans for Public Participation ................................................................................. 73 C. Project Information Dissemination .................................................................................... 73 IX. PROJECT RISKS AND ASSURANCES ............................................................................ 73 X. CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................... 75 Appendixes 1. References 2. Environmental Management Plan 3. Climate Risk and Vulnerability and Assessment Report for the detailed information 1 I. INTRODUCTION 1. This summary environmental impact assessment (SEIA) is prepared for the Wuhan Urban Environmental Improvement Project (the Project) in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), under technical assistance 7177-PRC from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Project has three physical components and one institutional and capacity development component in the city of Wuhan. 2. Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, is located in the Central Region of the PRC at the confluence of the Yangtze and Han Rivers. It is the biggest city in central PRC. In 2008, the municipality had a population of approximately 8.28 million, including more than 6 million inhabitants living in urban areas. Rivers and lakes are abundant (the surface water takes up about one quarter of the urban area), which largely set the urban landscape and development scenes. 3. Urban infrastructure provision in the city has not kept pace with rapid urbanization and industrialization over the past 20 years. Even though the municipality has been catching up with this lag, the urbanization has put a great pressure on the overloaded wastewater treatment facilities that caused the pollution and degradation of urban surface water. The pollution of the surface water has reached 56% of the rivers and 89% of the lakes. Water quality in Wuhan City and the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River has deteriorated significantly due to the increase in urban pollution and wastewater discharge, posing serious health threats to the public. To address Wuhan’s lack of adequate wastewater management and water resources protection, the Wuhan Municipal Government (WMG) is working on implementing the municipality’s strategic wastewater master plan for long term compliance with national environmental targets and aiming to treat 85% of urban wastewater by 2010. 4. The improvements in Wuhan