Annual Meeting Program March 10-13, 2011 Rohnert Park, California 2010

Home , Gaviota State Park, Marsh Creek (California), Patwin, Yurok language

Our program cover features artwork adapted from the

2011 California Archaeology Month poster

"The activity which is the subject of this annual meeting program has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, through the California Office of Historic Preservation. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior or the California Office of Historic Preservation, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the California Office of Historic Preservation." * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Regulations of the U.S. Department of the Interior strictly prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental Federally assisted programs on the basis of race, color, sex, age, disability, or national origin. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of Federal assistance should write to: Director, Equal Opportunity Program U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service P.O. Box 37127 Washington, D.C. 20013-7127

Society for California Archaeology 45th Annual Meeting Program March 10-13, 2011 Rohnert Park, California

2010 – 2011 Executive Board

President – Glenn Gmoser Immediate Past President – C. Kristina Roper President Elect – Jennifer Farquhar Southern Vice President – Colleen Delaney-Rivera Northern Vice President – Adrian Whitaker Secretary – Michelle Jerman Treasurer – John Burge Executive Director – Denise Wills

Conference Planning Committee for the 45th Annual Meeting of the Society for California Archaeology

Local Arrangements Chair – Tom Origer Local Arrangements Assistant – Janine Loyd Program Chair – Jennifer Darcangelo Silent Auction Coordinators – Eileen Barrow, Lauren Del Bondio, SueAnn Schroder, Vicki Beard Volunteer Coordinators – Ginny Hagensieker Bookroom/Vendor Coordinator – Eric Strother AV Coordinator – Gregory Burns Underwriting Coordinator – Richard Olson Registration Coordinator – Elizabeth Scott-James

2011 Society for California Archaeology Annual Award Presentations (Presented at the Banquet)

Lifetime Achievement Award

Joseph Chartkoff

Mark Raymond Harrington Award for Conservation Archaeology

Adrian Praetzellis

Thomas F. King Award for Excellence in Cultural Resources Management

To Be Announced

Martin A. Baumhoff Special Achievement Award

Don Laylander

James A. Bennyhoff Memorial Fund Award

Kristina Gill

Helen C. Smith Award for Avocational Society Achievement

Pacific Coast Archaeological Society

California Indian Heritage Preservation Award

Northwest Indian Cemetery Protection Association Milton Marks, Walt Lara, Sr., and Joy Sundberg

SCA Native American Programs Committee California Indian Scholarships

Brandy Doering, Konkow Valley Band of Maidu Briannon Fraley, Tolowa, Wiyot Tribe THPO Cari Herthel, Esselen Rumsien, Member OCEN Sean Milanovich, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla THPO Office Doreen Dishman, Salinan Tribe of Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties

Annual Meeting Outstanding Student Paper Award

To be announced

Golden Shovel Award

William Stillman Society for California Archaeology Annual Meeting 2011 1

SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY 45TH ANNUAL MEETING, ROHNERT PARK MARCH 10-13, 2011

SUMMARY SCHEDULE Summary Schedule

March 10 – Thursday AM

10:00 – 5:00 Meeting: SCA Executive Board Meeting; closed (Redwood Board Room)

March 10 – Thursday PM

1:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

12:00 – 5:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

1:00 – 4:00 Workshop 1: How is this Working? An update on the Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (PA) for the Federal Aid Highway Program (Bodega/Cotati)

1:00 – 4:00 Workshop 2: Comparative Osteology – How do you make that call in the field? (Santa Rosa/Sonoma)

6:00 – 9:00 Public Session: Dig Sonoma – Public Outreach and Education in the City of Sonoma (Ballroom)

March 11 – Friday AM

7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

8:30 – 9:00 Conference Welcome (Ballroom)

9:00 – 11:30 Plenary Session: New Tools for Old Challenges: Technological Explorations of California’s Past (Ballroom)

March 11 – Friday PM

12:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

12:00 – 5:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

1:00 – 3:00 Poster Session 2: Topics in California Prehistory (Chardonnay)

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1:00 – 4:00 Forum 1: From the Trenches: Challenges of Preserving Archaeological Collections from Multiple Perspectives (Salon I)

1:00 – 4:00 Forum 2: Improving Archaeological Practices in California – The Next Step: Part 1 (Salon IV)

1:00 – 3:00 Organized Poster Session 1: Bolsa Chica Tool Technologies: Summary Schedule Initial Concepts (Salon II)

1:00 – 3:00 Poster Session 2: Topics in California Prehistory (Chardonnay)

1:00 – 4:00 Symposium 1: Hunter-Gatherer Adaptive Shifts in Prehistoric California (Salon III)

1:00 – 4:30 General Session 1: Southern California Basin and Desert Archaeology (Santa Rosa/Sonoma)

1:00 – 6:00 Workshop 3: Archaeochemistry – Classroom and Fieldtrip (Bodega/Cotati)

3:00 – 5:00 Student Mixer (Chardonnay)

4:30 – 6:00 Open Meeting: SCA Native American Programs Committee (Santa Rosa/Sonoma)

6:00 – 10:00 Annual Reception and Silent Auction: Pasta Dinner and Drinks (Rohnert Park Community Center, bus transportation provided)

March 12 – Saturday AM

7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

8:00 – 12:00 Symposium 2: DNA Research and Its Contributions to Understanding Prehistory and History in California and Adjacent Regions (Salon IV)

8:00 – 12:00 General Session 3: California Mix (Salon III)

8:00 – 12:00 Workshop 4 (Part 1): Caring for Artifacts from the Field to the Lab (Sonoma)

8:00 – 11:00 General Session 4: Rock Art, Trails, and Landscapes (Santa Rosa)

8:00 – 12:00 Forum 3: Archaeologists and Local Communities: Emerging Approaches in Community Archaeology (Bodega/Cotati)

8:30 – 11:30 General Session 2: South Coastal and Channel Islands Research (Salon I/II)

March 12 – Saturday PM

12:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

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12:00 – 5:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

12:00 – 1:30 Open Meeting: California Archaeological Site Stewardship Program (Santa Rosa)

12:00 – 1:00 Open Meeting: California Archaeology Editorial Board (Redwood Board Room)

1:00 – 3:00 Poster Session 3: Stewardship Preservation and Protection (Chardonnay) Summary Schedule 1:00 – 2:30 General Session 5: Collections, Curation and NAPGPRA (Salon I/II)

1:00 – 4:00 Forum 2: Improving Archaeological Practices in California – The Next Step: Part 2 (Salon III)

2:30 – 4:45 General Session 6: Recent Research in the San Francisco Bay Area (Salon I/II)

1:00 – 3:00 Symposium 3: Through the Looking Glass: The Pilot Ridge Archaeological Project (Salon IV)

1:00 – 3:30 General Session 7: Stewardship and Site Management (Bodega/Cotati)

1:00 – 4:00 Workshop 4 (Part 2): Caring for Artifacts from the Field to the Lab (Sonoma)

4:00 – 5:30 Open Meeting: SCA Business Meeting (Santa Rosa)

4:00 – 5:30 Open Meeting: SCA Standards and Ethics Committee (Salon III)

4:30 – 6:00 Open Reception (Foyer)

6:30 – 10:00 Annual Awards Banquet (Ballroom)

March 13 – Sunday AM 7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Vendors (Vineyard)

8:00 – 12:00 Symposium 6: Archaeology of the Fremont Plains: History, Significance, Meaning (Santa Rosa/Sonoma)

9:00 – 11:30 Symposium 4: Breaking Studies in Northern California Archaeology (Salon IV)

9:00 – 10:30 Meeting: Executive Board Meeting; closed (Cotati)

9:00 – 11:30 General Session 8: Historical Archaeology (Salon III)

9:00 – 10:30 Symposium 5: Relevant Issues in Alta and Baja California: Two-Minute Papers (SalonI/II)

10:30 – 12:00 Closed Meeting: SCA Committee on Advanced Annual Meeting Planning (Cotati)

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Bookroom Vendors and Exhibitors Vineyard Room

Vendor List American Cultural Resources Association Archaeological Research Center, CSU Sacramento Archaeology Month California Archaeological Site Stewardship Program Center for Archaeological Research at Davis Coyote Press Eliot Werner Publications Friends of Sierra Rock Art Heyday Books Left Coast Press Louis Collins Rare Books Mesa Technical Mishewal Wappo Tribe Olympus Innov-X Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Phoenix Obsidian Designs Richard Corrow Santa Cruz Archaeological Society Society for California Archaeology Business Office Statistical Research, Inc. The Basket Tree University of Nevada Press Wormwood Press

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Venue Map

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Notes Notes

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SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY Thursday 45TH ANNUAL MEETING, ROHNERT PARK MARCH 10-13, 2011

PROGRAM

THURSDAY, MARCH 10, 10:00 AM – 5:00 PM

SCA Executive Board Meeting (closed) (Redwood Board Room)

THURSDAY, MARCH 10, AFTERNOON, 1:00 – 5:00 PM

1:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

Workshop 1 (Bodega/Cotati) 1:00 – 4:00 pm (Pre-registration Required) How is this Working? An update on the Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (PA) for the Federal Aid Highway Program Chairs and Organizers: Jill Hupp and Lissa McKee

The Caltrans/FHWA Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (PA) has been in use since 2004. This workshop is for consultants and others who are working with Caltrans directly or assisting local agencies with projects requiring FHWA funding or approval and are using the PA for their Section 106 compliance. Caltrans representatives will provide a brief overview of the PA and lead a discussion on the requirements for work undertaken under the PA. Reference and PA Guidance materials will be provided, along with project examples for discussion.

Workshop 2 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma) 1:00 – 4:00 pm (Pre-registration Required) Comparative Osteology: How do you make that call in the field? Chairs and Organizers: Lori Hager and Samantha Schell

Encountering faunal or human bone in the field is something many of us experience. This hands-on workshop is designed to help archaeologists and monitors get acquainted with basic osteological identification methods. The workshop will use comparative materials to focus on defining features, skeletal anatomies, and macrostructure of bone fragments that will be useful for differentiating human from other mammal bone.

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THURSDAY, MARCH 10, EVENING, 6:00 – 9:00 PM

Public Session (Ballroom) 6:00 – 9:00 pm

Thursday / Friday Dig Sonoma – Public Outreach and Education in the City of Sonoma Chair: George McKale

In July of 2010, to honor the 175th anniversary of the founding of the City of Sonoma, the public was invited to participate in an archaeological excavation of the empty lot behind the Demler-Jones Vallejo Adobe, a half-block west of Sonoma’s historic plaza. The public conducted all aspects of the investigation and were guided by professional archaeologists from around the San Francisco Bay Area. This program will address the dynamics of the public excavation and participants will be on- hand to share their experiences.

FRIDAY, MARCH 11, MORNING, 7:00 AM – 12:00 NOON

7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Lounge (Chardonnay/Vineyard)

Conference Welcome (Ballroom) 8:30-9:00 am Welcome Glenn Gmoser, SCA President

Announcements Tom Origer, Local Arrangements Chair Jennifer Darcangelo, Program Chair

Plenary Session (Ballroom) 9:00 – 11:00 am New Tools for Old Challenges: Technological Explorations of California’s Past Chair and Organizer: Jennifer Darcangelo

New technologies that are being introduced and quickly integrated into archaeological studies are rapidly changing the ways in which California archaeologists understand and interpret the past. This session offers a sampling of the wide array of technologies and specializations that are launching the study of the past into the future including isotope, DNA and other chemical analyses, GIS modeling, 3Dlaser scanning, and other methods for the collection, management, and delivery of archaeological data. Examples of studies that have applied one or more of these techniques will explore their expense, accessibility, and stability as well the theoretical implications of their application.

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9:00 – Biochemical Applications to the Study of Ancient Human Dietary Patterns in California Eric J. Bartelink Friday 9:20 – Future Directions in Stable Isotope Analysis in California Jelmer Eerkens

9:40 – The Potential of Studies of DNA to Inform the Prehistory of Native America David Glenn Smith

10:00 – The Role of GIS as a Tool for Archaeological Research Jerome King

10:20 – Use of 3D Scanning for Archaeological Sites and Artifacts Kevin Akin

10:40 – Curation and the Future of Archaeology Ad Muniz

FRIDAY, MARCH 11, AFTERNOON, 1:00 – 6:00 PM

12:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

12:00 – 5:00 Bookroom and Lounge (Chardonnay/Vineyard)

Forum 2, Part 1 (Salon IV) 1:00 – 4:00 pm Improving Archaeological Practices in California – The Next Step: Part 1 Chairs and Organizers: Anmarie Medin and Trish Fernandez Discussant, Donn Grenda, State Historic Resources Commissioner

On July 30, 2010 the California State Historical Resources Commission (SHRC) approved five Archaeological White Papers, which set the foundation for improving the practice of professional archaeology in California. The five subjects, drawn from the State Historic Preservation Plan, consist of Conservation, Curation, Interpretation, Protection, and Standards & Guidelines. The Archaeological Resources Committee of the SHRC is now spearheading the move to towards implementation and we need your input.

Your input is critical to affecting change in this arena. Don’t be left behind!

We will provide a brief summary of the work to date and specific recommendations regarding where we should focus our efforts. To prepare for this historic event, please read the white papers on the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) web page at http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=24556

1:00 Standards and Guidelines Discussion Adrian Praetzellis

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General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay) 1:00 – 3:00 pm

Friday Topics in California Prehistory

Olivella Bead Production Brian Barbier

Weaning Preferences at Marsh Creek (CA-CCO-548): Serial Microsampling of Nitrogen Isotopes from Dentin Collagen Ada Berget, Jelmer Eerkens, and Eric J. Bartelink

Living on the Edge (of the Oxnard Plain) Lauren DeOliveira, Garrett Kuiken, Ryland Cleveland, and Colleen Delaney-Rivera

“Got Crabs?” – Coastal Harvesting of Crustaceans at a Middle Holocene Dune Site on San Nicolas Island, CA-SNI-40 Annamarie H. Hand, Jacklyn Chi, Amber Lopez-Johnson, Amira F. Ainis, and René L. Vellanoweth

Current Research on Emergent Period Use of the Muir Beach Locale, Marin County, California Sunshine Psota

The Importance of Birds: Determining Natural vs. Cultural Deposition at Cave of the Chimneys (CA-SMI-603), San Miguel Island Emily Whistler, Jennie A. Allen, Amira F. Ainis, and René L. Vellanoweth

Mediating Heritage: Developing New Roles for the Public Lands Heritage Professionals and the Public through a Volunteer Site Stewardship Program on the San Bernardino National Forest Gina Griffith

Forum 1 (Salon I) 1:00 – 4:00 pm From the Trenches: Challenges of Preserving Archaeological Collections from Multiple Perspectives Chairs and Organizers: Molly Gleeson and Georgia Fox

In the state of California, the care and management of a vast array of archaeological collections has been the focus of recent discussions in the current “curation crisis,” involving a number of stakeholders of various backgrounds, representing state, federal, local, and private entities such as archaeologists, tribes, collections managers, CRM firms, and conservators. Generally, these groups tend to work in separate spheres that only rarely overlap. Because archaeological collections have needs unlike other types of collections, this session is therefore devoted to addressing the challenges commonly encountered in the preservation of archaeological materials, focusing on and encouraging collaborative efforts toward shared goals and resources.

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PARTICIPANTS:

Wendy G. Teeter Curator of Archaeology, Fowler Museum at UCLA Friday Ad Muniz Collections Manager, San Diego Archaeology Center Karen Lacy Collections Manager, San Diego Museum of Man Karimah Richardson Staff Archaeologist, Autry National Center Héléne Rouvier People’s Center Coordinator and Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Karuk Tribe Natasha Johnson North American Collections Manager, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology

Organized Poster Session 1 (Salon II) 1:00 – 3:00 pm Bolsa Chica Tool Technologies: Initial Concepts Organizer: Anastasia Nancy Wiley

Three poster sets are intended to be an integrated symposium providing a glimpse of an over-riding little discussed chipped stone tool production technique at the Bolsa sites. Also, hammer-type tools were found in large quantities which were used in chipped and ground stone production with other hammers possibly being applied to cogged stone manufacturing. In addition, analyses of several cogged stone caches have allowed for presenting an inclusive typology matrix based on manufactured form.

Hammerstones from Bolsa Chica and their Relationship Towards Site Interpretation Connie Destiny Colocho and Andrew Garrison

Exploring Bipolar Reduction at Bolsa Chica: Debitage Analysis and Replication Andrew Garrison and Connie Destiny Colocho

An Inclusive Typology Matrix for Californian and Chilean Cogged Stones Anastasia Nancy Wiley and Rezenet Moges

Symposium 1 (Salon III) 1:00 – 4:00 pm Hunter-Gatherer Adaptive Shifts in Prehistoric California Chairs and Organizers: Shannon Tushingham and Adrian R. Whitaker Discussant: Robert L. Bettinger

While intensification is often characterized as a continuous, gradual transformation of subsistence economies, adaptive shifts were often abrupt, involving profound changes in subsistence, socioeconomic, settlement and ideological systems. This session considers the nature and trajectory of hunter-gatherer adaptive shifts in prehistoric California with papers focusing on discontinuous adaptive shifts and explanatory models that account for these changes.

1:00 Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence Intensification and the Development of Plank House Villages in Northwestern California Shannon Tushingham

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1:15 Modeling Late Prehistoric Coastal Subsistence at Southern Point St. George Jennifer Bencze and Shannon Tushingham Friday 1:30 Late Prehistoric Intensification of Marine Resources on the North Coast of California Angela Arpaia and Shannon Tushingham

1:45 Adaptive Shifts and Cooperation Strategies Jelmer Eerkens

2:00 BREAK

2:15 In Situ and Rapid Adaptive Shifts in the Prehistoric Central Sierra Nevada Adrian Whitaker and Jeffrey Rosenthal

2:30 Modeling Hunter-Gatherer Mobility Strategies: An Application of the Marginal Value Theorem Carly Whelan

2:45 Punctuated Late Holocene Adaptive Changes in the Southern San Simeon Reef Region Terry L. Joslin

3:00 An Archaeological Test of the Ideal Free Distribution on California’s Northern Channel Islands Christopher Jazwa and Douglas Kennett

3:15 Adaptive Divergence among Southern California Hunter-Gatherers Micah Hale

3:30 Discussion

General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma) 1:00 – 4:30 pm Southern California Basin and Desert Archaeology Chair: Denise Jurich

1:00 Diachronic Analysis of Flaked Stone Tool Function in the North-Central Mojave Desert Denise Jurich

1:15 Organization of San Dieguito Lithic Technology at the C. W. Harris Site Edward Knell

1:30 Behavioral Snapshots: Single Reduction Loci Patterning in the Mojave Desert Marc Hintzman and Alan Gold

1:45 Piles of Rock: Rock Cluster Features in the Western Mojave Desert; Antiquity, Use and Distribution Benjamin Vargas, Alan Gold, and Jim Shearer

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2:00 BREAK

2:15 Points in Time: Glass and Ceramic Projectile Points as Markers of Changing Style, Friday Material Procurement, and Technology Andrew Pigniolo

2:30 An Improved Equation for Coso Obsidian Hydration Dating, based on Obsidian – Radiocarbon Association Alexander K. Rogers and Robert M. Yohe II

2:45 The Ceramic Artifacts from CA-ORA-64, their Significance and Place within the Early Ceramic Complex of Southern California and other Adjacent Regions Edgar Huerta

3:00 The Hay Ranch Biface Cache Amy Gilreath, William Hildebrandt, Tom Origer, and Richard Hughes

3:15 BREAK

3:30 Coso Ceramic Cache: Sourcing and Dating Utility Ware Beau DeBoer

3:45 Middle Archaic Occupation in the Inyo/Mono region based on Projectile Points and Hydration Data: A Road Map Towards a M.A. Thesis Brian James

4:00 The Maybe Site: Early Prehistory of the Southern Sierra Nevada in Walker Basin, California Amy Girado

Workshop 3 (Cotati) 1:00 – 6:00 pm (Pre-Registration Required) Archaeochemistry – Classroom and Fieldtrip Chairs and Organizers: Richard Lundin and Claudia Brackett

Chemistry has always been an effective tool for the modern archaeologist. However, with the development of new technology, chemical analysis is becoming increasingly easier, cheaper and thus more important. The workshop is designed to give the practicing archaeologist a basic working understanding of the chemical principles that are applicable and specific to archaeology. The workshop is targeted for a participant that has little or no previous background in chemistry. Topics to be covered are “Elements and Molecules, or what is that stuff anyway?”; “Biomolecules, or getting a site/object to speak to you”; “Chemical Statistics, or understanding all that gibberish that came back from the lab”; and “Soil Chemistry, or getting information when you can’t see a thing.” Topics will be presented in a combination of lecture and hands-on demonstration. We will be using simple UV-visible spectrophotometer, portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer, and possibly other field portable equipment. Participants are encouraged to bring their own specimens

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for non-destructive analysis. The specimens should be solids (not liquids) and either 10 grams of material or a surface area about ¾ - inch square. Friday Student Mixer (Chardonnay) 3:00-5:00 pm Organizers: Kristin Hoppa and Melanie Beasley

Students, come meet and greet the following professional archaeologists from academic, consultant, and agency settings:

Maggie Trumbly, PG&E Christophe Descantes, PG&E Carie Montero, Caltrans Kim Carpenter, Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. Michelle St. Clair-Jerman, ICF, International Terry L. Joslin, Caltrans Patrick C. Riorden, California State Parks George E. Kline, BLM Erik Zaborsky, BLM Natasha Johnson, North American Collections Manager, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum, UCB Molly Gleeson, Curator Antoinette Martinez, CSU, Chic Frank Bayham, CSU, Chico Jacob L. Fisher, CSU, Sacramento Jennifer Perry, Pomona College Dustin McKenzie, Cabrillo College Gerry Gates, US Forest Service Ethan Bertrando, National Guard

Open Meeting (Sonoma/Santa Rosa) 4:30 – 6:00 pm SCA Native American Programs Committee Meeting Chairs and Organizers: Janet Eidsness and Cassandra Hensher

Please join in an open discussion about the NAPC’s efforts to promote communication and exchange of information among California archaeologists and Native Americans.

Reception and Silent Auction (Rohnert Park Community Center) 6:30-10:00 pm The Reception/Silent Auction will be held at the Rohnert Park Community Center, which is located within two miles of the hotel. Enjoy the pasta feed with garden salad and garlic bread, plus surprises. Support the Society by joining the dining, dancing, drinking, checking out the silent auction goodies, and just plain chatting with old and new friends and colleagues you haven’t seen since the last annual meeting. Bus transportation from the Doubletree will be provided.

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SATURDAY, MARCH 12, MORNING, 8:00AM – 12:00 NOON

aturday S 7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Lounge (Chardonnay/Vineyard)

Symposium 2 (Salon IV) 8:00 am – 12: 00 noon DNA Research and Its Contributions to Understanding Prehistory and History in California and Adjacent Regions Chair and Organizer: John Johnson Discussant: Beth Shook

8:00 An Anthropological Genetics Perspective of the Peopling of the Americas Ripan Singh Malhi

8:15 Genetic Continuity and Persistence of Maternal Lineages within Southern California: Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Prehistoric Southern California Amiee Potter

8:30 Prehistoric Population Replacement on California’s Channel Islands Sylvere Valentin

8:45 Ancient DNA Analysis of Prehistoric Burials from the Santa Barbara Channel Islands Cara Monroe, Silvia Gonzales, Robert Kruszynski, and Brian M. Kemp

9:00 BREAK

9:15 Prehistoric mtDNA from Monterey County, California Gary S. Brechini and Trudy Haversat

9:30 Dental Calculus as a Non-Destructive Source of Mitochondrial DNA for Analysis of Skeletal Remains Jill Black, Susan Kerr, and Joseph G. Lorenz

9:45 Biological Continuity in the Central Valley: Evidence from Ancient and Modern Mitochondrial DNA Kari Britt Schroeder, Ripan Singh Malhi, Alyson R. Rode, and David Glenn Smith

10:00 BREAK

10:15 Genetic Diversity in Wiyot Populations of Northern California Theodore G. Schurr, Amanda Owings, Lydia Gau, and Jill B. Gaieski

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10:30 Ancient Human DNA Analysis from CA-SCL-38 Burials: Correlating Biological Relationships and Mortuary Behavior Cara Monroe, Fernando Villanea, Alan Leventhal, Rosemary Cambra, and Brian M. Kemp Saturday 10:45 Prehistory of the Southwest Region of the U.S. and Its Relationship to Mesoamerica Meradeth Snow and David Glenn Smith

11:00 Castas and the Genetics of Colonial California John R. Johnson and Joseph G. Lorenz

11:15 BREAK

11:30 “Never Ask for DNA on the First Date”: Using DNA to Solve Genealogical Conundrums and to Enhance California Indian Research and Cultural Presence Jonathan Cordero

11:45 Discussant

General Session 3 (Salon III) 8:00 am – 11:15 am California Mix Chair: Dusty McKenzie

8:00 Obsidian Trade at Sand Hill Bluff John Schlagheck

8:15 Prehistory Reflected in Baked Clay Anna Starkey and Richard Deis

8:30 Prehistory of the Lower Sacramento River Revisited Richard Deis

8:45 Exploratory Research on Baked Clay Anthropomorphic Figurines in Northern and Central California Alex DeGeorgey and J. Charles Whatford

9:00 BREAK

9:15 Health and Nutritional Status at the Encinosa Site (CA-SOL-451): Biological Interpretations and Regional Comparisons Lisa Bright and Eric Bartelink

9:30 Reconsidering the Peripheral Nature of the Central Diablo Range Dusty McKenzie

9:45 Nonalimentary Tooth Use in Ancient California Jennifer Marks, Mark Griffin, and Randy Wiberg

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10:00 Environmental Stewardship or Depletion: A Reexamination of Prehistoric Resource Depression

Kacey Hadick aturday S 10:15 BREAK

10:30 Prehistoric Patterns of Mobility and Trade in the Sierra Nevada Foothills Carly Whelan

10:45 Ribar High 2 Ground Stone Tool Analysis Sandra Strayer

11:00 Julian Steward Erred: The Next Step Patrick Dempsey

Workshop 4 (Part 1) (Sonoma) 8:00 am – 12:00 noon (Pre-Registration Required) Caring for Artifacts from the Field to the Lab (Part 1) Chairs and Organizers: Molly Gleeson, Jacqueline Zak, Alice Paterakis, Vanessa Muros, Ozge Gencay Ustun, Allison Lewis, and Georgia Fox

How do you properly clean these artifacts and other items once you get them back to the lab? How should archaeological materials be labeled and stored? This all-day workshop will address the practical realities of preserving large quantities of material typically found at historic and prehistoric sites in California which are subject to rapid decay soon after excavation. It will provide basic information on cleaning and storage, and will also present guidelines for incorporating conservation into the budgeting process. The workshop will include hands-on participation and all participants will be provided with a notebook for future reference.

Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati) 8:00 am– 12:00 noon Archaeologists and Local Communities: Emerging Approaches in Community Archaeology Chairs and Moderators: Katherine Dowdall and Margaret Purser

American archaeologists have been conducting various types of community-based projects for over 20 years. Described as public archaeology, community archaeology, or collaborative archaeology, these projects have challenged archaeologists to reshape project goals and methods to include multivocality, pluralism, and shared authority. As part of this, many archaeologists have been contributing valuable innovations within regulatory contexts that require or encourage public engagement (e.g., NAGPRA, NEPA, NHPA). This forum considers emerging approaches aimed at two critical, and at times problematic, elements of community-based projects: (1) responding to the inherent diversity within any given community; and (2), designing genuinely collaborative projects that also meet regulatory requirements.

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Safe Harbor, or Any Port in a Storm? Community Collaboration from an International Perspective Margaret Purser Saturday The Gold Hill Ranch and Finding the Community Appeal Rebecca Allen

Presidio Outreach Liz Clevenger

Collaboratively Identifying the Kashaya Pomo Cultural Landscape Katherine Dowdall and Otis Parrish

Reconciling Public Outreach and Policy-Driven Archaeology Benjamin Harris

Putting our Money where our Mouth is: Quiroste Valley Cultural Preserve Mark Hylkema and Chuck Striplen

Incorporating Stakeholders into CRM Projects Mary L. Maniery

Reflections on Community Diversity Barbara L. Voss

General Session 2 (Salon I/II) 8:30-11:30 am South Coastal and Channel Islands Research Chair: Sabrina Sholts

8:30 Tides of Change: Environmental Shifts in the Mission Bay Area Alette van den Hazelkamp

8:45 Early Mortuary Variability in La Jolla, California Erin M. Smith

9:00 Ancient Bitumen Use and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure: A Potential Factor in the Health Decline of Prehistoric California Indians Sebastian Warmlander, Sabrina Sholts, Jon M. Erlandson, Thor Gjerdrum, and Roger Westerholm

9:15 Island Consumers: Evidence of Imports on Santa Cruz Island Emma Slayton and Jennifer Perry

9:30 BREAK

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9:45 Osteometric and Morphologic Variation of San Nicolas Island Dogs Ryan Glenn

aturday 10:00 Isotopic Analysis of Dog Remains from San Nicolas Island, California S Chelsea M. Smith, Matt Kowal, Ryan Glenn, Kevin N. Smith, and René L. Vellanoweth

10:15 Morphometric Analysis of Prehistoric Crania from the Northern California Channel Islands: Temporal Changes in Cranial Morphology from the Early Holocene to European Contact Sabrina Sholts

10:45 BREAK

10:30 The Use of Replicative Studies to Understand the Archaeological Record on San Nicolas Island, California Kevin N. Smith, William E. Kendig, Chelsea M. Smith, and René L. Vellanoweth

11:00 The Balancing Stone Features of the Tule Creek Village, San Nicolas Island, California Rebekka G. Knierim, Barney G. Bartelle, and René L. Vellanoweth

General Session 4 (Santa Rosa) 9:00 – 10:30 am Rock Art, Trails, and Landscapes Chair: Stephen Bryne

9:00 Who Created the Halloran Spring Petroglyphs and Why? Jarrod Kellogg

9:15 “Mystic Maze” or “Mystic Maize:” the Amazing Archaeological Evidence Ruth Arlene Musser-Lopez

9:30 \’Awi Kuseyaay: The Ringing Rock of San Pasqual Richard Carrico

9:45 Dirt Roads, Ancient Landscapes and Early Sites Joan Brandoff-Kerr

10:00 Prehistoric Trails of the Picacho Basin in the Colorado Desert, Imperial County, California Stephen Bryne

SATURDAY, MARCH 12 AFTERNOON, 1:00 – 5:00 PM

12:00 – 5:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

12:00 – 5:00 Bookroom and Lounge (Chardonnay/Vineyard)

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Open Meeting (Santa Rosa) 12:00 – 1:30 pm California Archaeological Site Stewardship Program

Saturday Chairs: Chris Padon and Beth Padon

SCA Committee Meeting for California Archaeological Site Stewardship Program. Site stewards, coordinating archaeologists, and interested SCA members are invited to attend this annual meeting. The agenda includes a brief report about 2010 activities, suggestions for improvements, and plans for future volunteer training workshops.

Open Meeting (Redwood Room) 12:00-1:00 pm California Archaeology Editorial Board Chair: Terry L. Jones, Editor Open to interested members who wish to attend a discussion regarding the SCA’s journal, California Archaeology.

General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay/Vineyard) 1:00 – 3:00 pm Stewardship, Preservation, and Protection

Society for California Archaeology Professional Standards and Ethics Committee Christine McCollum

A Place Called Sa’aqtik’oy Karen Clericuzio

Using Forensic Canines to Reclaim Native American Gravesites Brandy Doering, Wendy Parker, and Christa Westphal

Looting in a State Park: An In-Depth Analysis to Inform on Interpretive Value, Future Mitigation, and Protection Brendon Greenaway and René Vellanoweth

\Tukushnekish Pah\ - Trail and Place Names Renaming Project Sean Milanovich

The Beckworth Emigrant Trail: Using Historic Accounts to Guide Archaeological Fieldwork in the Plumas National Forest Angel Morgan and Karen Mitchell

General Session 5 (Salon I/II) 1:00 – 2:30 pm Collections, Curation and NAPGPRA Chair: Nick Tipon

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1:00 The Impact of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act on Relationships Between California Indians and Archaeologists

Maija Glasier-Lawson aturday S 1:15 NAGPRA: A Unique Approach (The Tribal Perspective) Nick Tipon

1:30 NAGPRA: A Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria and San Francisco State University Collaborative Project (The SFSU Perspective) Jeff Fentress

1:45 The Santa Rosa Junior College Museum’s Native California Collections Sandra Holliman

2:00 A Model Curation Plan for the Orange County Archaeological and Paleontological Curation Facility/John Cooper Center Elizabeth A. Sutton and Edward J. Knell

Forum 2, Part 2 (Salon III) 1:00 – 4:00 pm Improving Archaeological Practices in California – The Next Step: Part 2 Chairs and Organizers: Anmarie Medin and Trish Fernandez Discussant, Donn Grenda, State Historical Resources Commissioner

Conservation Susan M. Hector

Curation Cindy Stankowski

Interpretation Michael Newland

Preservation Leslie Mouriquand

General Session 6 (Salon I/II) 2:30-4:45 pm Recent Research in the San Francisco Bay Area Chair: Thad Van Bueren

2:30 Modeling Settlement and Obsidian Production in the Napa Region Eric Wohlgemuth 2:45 An Analysis of Obsidian Trade and Exchange Over Time in Marin County Eileen Barrow

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3:00 Paleodietary Reconstruction of the Ryan Mound (CA-ALA-329): An Initial Look at Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis Melanie Beasley, Eric Bartelink, Alan Leventhal, and Rosemary Cambra Saturday 3:15 Putting Charmstones in Context: A View from CCO-548 Thad Van Bueren

3:30 BREAK

3:45 Population Biodistance in Ancient Central California Mark Griffin

4:00 Review of Demography at the Vineyard Site at Marsh Creek , CCO-548 Andrea Guidara, Mark Griffin, and Randy Wiberg

4:15 Mothers and Infants in the Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes Tell Us About Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices Karen S. Gardner, Alan Leventhal, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, and Antoinette Martinez

4:30 Osteological Evidence of Interpersonal Violence in the Prehistoric San Francisco Bay Area Eric Bartelink, Valerie Andrushko, Viviana Bellifemine, Irina Nechayev, and Robert Jurmain

Symposium 3 (Salon IV) 1:00 – 3:00 pm Through the Looking Glass: The Pilot Ridge Archaeological Project Chair and Organizer: Richard T. Fitzgerald

The Pilot Ridge Archaeological Project nearly three decades later remains one of the most iconic archaeological investigations in northern California. Under contract to Six Rivers National Forest, Sonoma State excavated 13 sites along the Pilot Ridge/South Fork Mountain ridge system from 1982-1986. In the 11 week period of 1982, under adverse field conditions, over 325 cubic meters from 10 sites was excavated. This prehistoric data set, the largest ever amassed for interior northwest California, effectively re-ordered the prehistory of the region and the lives of those who did the fieldwork. This session reflects on the lasting impact of “Pilot” to both the archaeology and the archaeologists alike.

1:00 Pilot Ridge Project: Setting the Stage Ken Wilson

1:15 Pilot Ridge Region Pollen Records: A Thirty Year Retrospect James G. West

1:30 A History of Archaeological Research Associated with the Pilot Ridge Project William Hildebrandt and John F. Hayes

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1:45 From Pilot Ridge to River Valley? Settlement-Subsistence Change in Northwestern California

Shannon Tushingham aturday S 2:00 Lessons Learned from Pilot Ridge After 30 Years Lawrence E. Weigel

2:15 Pilot Ridge, Whiting Ridge, Last Chance Ridge, and South Fork Mountain: The End of History and the Rest of the Story Tom Keter

2:30 Outta Site: Reprising Results of the Pilot Ridge Archaeological Project Glenn Gmoser

General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati) 1:00 – 3:30 pm Stewardship and Site Management Chair: Joseph Chartkoff

1:00 The Destruction of Dams on the Klamath River and Some Implications for Cultural Resource Management Joseph Chartkoff

1:15 The Patrick’s Point YouTube Looter Case Greg Collins

1:30 The Yosemite Facelift: Trash Collection Projects as an Opportunity for Archaeological Education and Public Outreach Emily Darko

1:45 Following the Bulldozer: A Community Responds for Better or Worse Daniel Cearley and Samuel Connell

2:00 BREAK

2:15 Archaeological Survey at $6.51 per Site: 40th Anniversary of the 1971 UNR Modoc Lava Beds Survey Gerry Gates

2:30 Family Routes and Yosemite American Indians Pictographs Sandra Gaskill and Danette Johnson

2:45 Archaeological Survey Results: Travertine Springs Fire, Death Valley National Park Janelle Harrison 3:00 Aerial Archaeology: Photography and Survey from the Sky Robert Bolger

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3:15 Mediating Heritage: Developing New Roles for Public Lands Heritage Professionals and the Public through a Volunteer Site Stewardship Program on the San Bernadino National Forest Saturday Gina Griffith

Workshop 4 (Part 2) (Sonoma) 1:00 – 4:00 pm Workshop 4 (Part 2): Caring for Artifacts from the Field to the Lab

Chairs and Organizers: Molly Gleeson, Jacqueline Zak, Alice Paterakis, Vanessa Muros, Ozge Gencay Ustun, and Allison Lewis

Open Meeting (Santa Rosa) 4:00 – 5:30 pm SCA Annual Business Meeting Chair: Glenn Gmoser, SCA President

Open Meeting (Salon III) 4:00 – 5:30 pm SCA Professional Standards and Ethics Committee Chair: Christine McCollum

Open Reception (Foyer) 4:30 – 6:00 pm

Awards Banquet (Ballroom) 6:30 – 10:00 pm Presentation of Awards Master of Ceremonies: Glenn Gmoser, SCA President

Keynote Address Dennis L. Jenkins, Director, Northern Great Basin Archaeological Field School Museum of Natural and Cultural History University of Oregon

SUNDAY, MARCH 13, MORNING, 8:00 AM – 12:00 NOON

7:30 – 12:00 Meeting Registration (Foyer)

8:00 – 12:00 Bookroom and Lounge (Chardonnay/Vineyard)

Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma) 8:00 am– 12:00 noon Archaeology of the Fremont Plains: History, Significance, Meaning Organizer and Chair: Beverly R. Ortiz Discussant: Michael J. Moratto

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An introduction to more than three decades of archaeological excavations at several 2,000-plus-year- old village sites on the Fremont Plains: (1) the approaches taken and their philosophical

underpinnings; (2) the techniques used and how they changed; and (3) what was learned, and Sunday continues to be learned, from this work. Varied perspectives and insider stories will be shared by archaeologists, cultural historians, students and educators, including Ohlones. The manner in which the sites now located in Coyote Hills and Ardenwood Regional Preserves have been interpreted across time will also be shared.

8:15 From Refuse Heaps to High Status Mortuaries - Alternative Interpretations of the Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay: A Perspective from the Mortuary Complex from the Ryan Mound, CA-ALA-329 Alan Leventhal

8:30 Native Americans in the San Francisco Bay Area: Patterns in Ancient Teeth, Palimpsests of Behavior Dave Grant

8:45 Assessing Forearm Fractures from Nine Prehistoric California Populations in the San Francisco Bay Area Diane DiGuiseppe

9:00 Osteoporosis in a Prehistoric Bay Area Population Melynda Atwood

9:15 BREAK

9:30 Interpretive Programs at ALA-328: Changing Approaches Beverly R. Ortiz

9:45 Bay Area Shellmound/Sacred Sites Walk and Coyote Hills Corrina Gould

10:00 Seeing With Different Eyes: Contrasts in Viewpoints and Interpretations Gregg Castro

10:15 BREAK

10:30 Reminiscences of Excavating at Coyote Hills under Adan E. Treganza in the late 1950s Edward Von der Porten

10:45 Screening the Sixties Back-dirt, (A view from San Francisco State) Rob Edwards 11:00 ALA 12 and 13: Field Methodology as of 1965 Miley E. Holman

11:15 Remembering Smitty: A Tale of Two Sites, ALA-331 & ALA-396 E. Breck Parkman

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11:30 Discussion

Sunday Symposium 4 (Salon IV) 9:00 – 11:30 am Breaking Studies in Northern California Archaeology Chairs and Organizers: Adrian Praetzellis and Mary Praetzellis

Archaeologists work at various scales from small obsidian points to bedrock mortars to overlapping cultural landscapes containing milling, mining, and cityscapes. Archaeologists seek to comment on the behaviors represented by these artifacts—using concepts like trade network, technology, community, and masculinity. The archaeologists presenting here also work in a regulatory context with many, and sometimes, conflicting stakeholders and audiences. The papers in this symposium span time and theme in an effort to demonstrate the breadth of cultural resource management archaeology as practiced in northern California in the second decade of the new century.

9:00 A Comparative Analysis of Bedrock Milling Sites in the Black Hills of Contra Costa County Annamarie Leon Guerrero

9:15 Dust in the Wind: A Cultural Resources Management Plan for the Bureau of Land Management South Cow Mountain Off-Highway Vehicle Recreation Area Kate Erickson

9:30 Bring the Hill Patwin into the North Coastal Cultural Region Evan Elliott

9:45 Mapping Barrett’s Northern Pomo Ethnographic Sites in a Geographic Information System Kathleen Kubal

10:00 Obsidian Distribution along the Pomo-Yuki Border Alex DeGeorgey, Kathleen Kubal, and Michael Newland

10:15 BREAK

10:30 A Lime Worker’s Cabin at the Cowell Lime Works Historic District Patricia Paramoure

10:45 Recipe for Improving Policy-Driven Archaeology: Add Public Outreach and Stir Benjamin Harris

11:00 Las Plumas: A Progressive-Era Company Town on the Feather River Sandra Massey and Mark Walker

11:15 “Manliness is the backbone of our Nature”: Masculinity and Class Identity among 19th- Century Railroad Workers in West Oakland, California Mark Walker

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SCA Executive Board Meeting - Closed (Cotati) 9:00 – 11:00 am Chair: Jennifer Farquhar, SCA President Sunday General Session 8 (Salon III) 9:00 – 11:30 am Historical Archaeology Chair: Richard Ciolek-Torello

9:00 Ranch Life at the Yorba and Slaughter Families Adobe, San Bernardino County, California Richard Ciolek-Torello, Karen Swope, Justin Lev-Tov, Ashley Morton, James Clark, and Teresita Majewski

9:15 Hispanic Butchering Technology and Cultural Continuity: Perspectives from La Casa de Bandini, Old Town San Diego 1820-1860 Susan Arter

9:30 The Commune Era of Olompali: Challenging Our Assumptions of the Hippie Lifestyle Elizabeth Fernandez and E. Breck Parkman

9:45 “Taking the Waters” at Pacific Congress Springs – A Late 19th-Century Recreational Resort near Saratoga, Santa Clara County Benjamin Harris

10:00 BREAK

10:15 Crash & Burn: A World War II Fighter Airplane Crash in the Cache Creek Natural Area Craig Fuller

10:30 Howland Flat: Excavations in the Shadow of Table Rock Karen Mitchell

10:45 The Russian Outlier Settlements Daniel F. Murley

11:00 Historic Chinese and Pomo Interaction: Lake County Evidence John Parker

Symposium 5 (Salon I/II) 9:00 – 10:00 am Relevant Issues in Alta and Baja California: Two-Minute Papers Chairs and Organizers: Erin M. Smith and Sean Brown

9:00 The Concept of “Legacy Adaptations” and the Peopling of the New World Matthew Des Lauriers

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9:02 The Peopling of the Pacific coast in Context: A View from Baja California Sean Brown

Sunday 9:04 Trans-Holocene Surf ‘N Turf Judith Porcasi

9:06 Men at Work: The Relationship of Auditory Exostoses and Marine Foraging at Ellis Landing (CA-CCO-295) Melanie Beasley

9:08 Outlier Burials: An Isotopic Perspective Eric Bartelink

9:10 A Charmed Life: Charmstones and the People who Held Them at CA-SCL-38: Isotopic Insights Karen S. Gardner, Alan Leventhal, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, and Antoinette Martinez

9:12 Chronology, Context and Select Rock Art Sites in Central Baja California Eric W. Ritter and Bryan C. Gordon

9:14 Unusual Decorated Potsherds from the Sierra Juárez in Northern Baja California Don Laylander and Julia Bendímez Patterson

9:16 Two Unusual Bedrock Mortar Sites in Southern San Benito County Erik Zaborsky

9:18 Recent Investigations into Rock Shelters in the Interior Santa Monica Mountains area of Southern California Deborah V. Roman

9:20 Ti’at or Tomol: Some Thoughts on the Localization of Plank Canoe Innovation in Southern California Mikael Fauvelle and Matthew Des Lauriers

9:22 Re-Examining Social Systems in Southern Alta and Northern Baja California Erin Smith and Matthew Des Lauriers

9:24 Watershed Analysis of Isla Cedros and Taphonomy Timothy Dahlum 9:26 Tufa – What is it Good For? Jennifer Parker

9:28 Cleaning Up Fish Traps: A Volunteer Collaborative Project at CA-RIV-10 Joan Schneider

9:30 BREAK

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9:45 Looting in a State Park: An In-Depth Analysis to Inform Interpretive Value, Future Mitigation, and Protection

Brendon Greenaway Sunday

9:47 Bringing Home Our Points Mark Hylkema

9:49 Multivocality in CRM: The Importance of Native American Values Isabel Cordova

9:51 Asphaltum Katie Brown

9:53 Eureka! 1849 Gold Coin found at 50 U.N. Plaza in San Francisco Joanne Grant

SCA Advanced Annual Meeting Planning – Closed (Cotati) 11:00 am – 1:00 pm

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Thanks The Society for California Archaeology Thanks Sponsors and Donors

Anonymous Albion Environmental, Inc. Applied Earthworks, Inc. ASM Affiliates, John Cook Basin Research Associates, Colin Busby Coyote & Fox Enterprises Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. Holman and Associates, Matthew Clark Keith Johnson Tomas Layton Tom Origer and Associates Sannie and Daniel Osborn PAR Environmental Services, Inc., James Gary and Mary Maniery Post, Buckley, Schuh & Jernigan, Inc. (PBS&J) Adrian and Mary Praetzellis Sierra Valley Cultural Planning State Office of Historic Preservation Statistical Research, Inc. William Self and Associates

Thank you also to all of our volunteers who made this meeting possible!

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SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY 45TH ANNUAL MEETING, ROHNERT PARK MARCH 10-13, 2011 PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS

AINIS, Amira F. California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology See HAND, Annamarie H. See WHISTLER, Emily L.

AKIN, Kevin Department of Transportation Office of Land Surveying Use of 3D Scanning for Archaeological Sites and Artifacts • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. Scanning is a relatively new technology developed during the late 1990s. It was made possible by innovations in computer technology. Many different sensors are now available that use light, x-rays, sonar, and radar energy to measure and model objects. Systems that use these sensors can now measure large and small objects in 3D. This technology will change the way existing conditions are documented across many disciplines. Kevin Akin is a land surveyor with Caltrans and has been working with medium range (up to 300 m) scanners on transportation, cultural heritage, and archaeological projects since 2005.

ALLEN, Jennie A. California State University, Los Angeles See WHISTLER, Emily L.

ALLEN, Rebecca Past Forward The Gold Hill Ranch and Finding Community Appeal • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 a.m. – 12:00 noon The Gold Hill Ranch project, found between Coloma and Placerville, is home to Native American sites, post Gold Rush mining and farming, the site of the Wakamatsu Tea and Silk Farm Colony (the first Japanese American colony in the U.S.), and a 19th-20th century German American family farm. This land is now in trust, thanks to the efforts of the BLM. The recent successful listing of the Wakamatsu Colony on the National Register has lessons for how sites are funded, preserved, and interpreted.

ANDRUSHKO, Valerie See BARTELINK, Eric

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ARPAIA,Angela University of California, Davis TUSHINGHAM, Shannon University of California, Davis Late Prehistoric Intensification of Marine Resources on the North Coast of California • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. Fine grained analysis of soil samples from six archaeological sites in Del Norte and Humboldt Counties on the north coast of California demonstrate a distinct shift in hunter-gatherer diet in the Late Holocene. The mass harvest and bulk storage of fish (smelt, salmon), bulk acquisition of marine shellfish and marine mammal hunting appear to have not been emphasized until after the rise of sedentary plank house villages in northwestern California, which is documented at river basin sites by 1250 cal B.P. Species diversity and richness varies significantly between and within sites; the context and implications of these findings are discussed.

ARTER,Susan San Diego Natural History Museum, Zooarchaeology Lab Hispanic Butchering Technology and Cultural Continuity: Perspectivesfrom La Casa de Bandini, Old Town San Diego 1820-1860 • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. Butchering treatment of cattle remains from La Casa de Bandini was assessed within the greater context of Old Town San Diego’s Hispanic past beginning with establishment of the Presidio in the late 1700’s up through the Mexican period in the mid-1800’s. Bones from beef, the most preferred and abundant meat resource consumed during the Spanish and Mexican Periods provide insights into early Hispanic dietary customs. Butchering technologies and traditions used to process beef consumed at the Bandini household reflect continuity in San Diego’s Hispanic culinary heritage.

ATWOOD, Melynda San Jose St ate University Osteoporosis in a Prehistoric Bay Area Population • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon In this research, I determined the osteoporosis rates in the ALA-329 population and compared them to the previously published osteoporosis rates of a medieval English peasant population from the historic English Wharram Percy site. The prevalence of osteoporosis may be affected by diet, activity, or genetics. This comparison will be used to determine osteoporotic differences seen between these prehistoric and historic populations, and a literature review will compare prehistoric and modern population expressions. These comparisons between different geographic and temporal populations should elucidate possible causes for differences or similarities in rates of osteoporosis found in this study.

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BARBIER, Brian University of California, Davis Olivella Shell Bead Production • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay/Vineyard), Friday, 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. Olivella shell beads were widely traded throughout California, and occur in large quantities in many prehistoric sites. Different bead types have distinctive spatial and temporal distributions in the record, but also likely have different time and labor investment. Experiments were performed to collect data on different stages of bead production for different types, to better understand the relative amount of labor required to produce the quantities of beads found in California. These data can be used to evaluate differential access to labor and wealth between individuals, for example in burial lots with different bead types, as well as the role that economies of scale may have played in bead manufacture.

BARROW, Eileen Tom Origer & Associates An analysis of obsidian trade and exchange over time in Marin County. • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. In his analysis of obsidian exchange in Central California, Thomas Jackson concluded in his thesis and dissertation that Napa Valley obsidian was the dominant obsidian found in eastern Marin County sites while Annadel was dominant obsidian found in western Marin County sites (all in Coast Miwok territory). More recent studies of debitage from sites in Marin County have both challenged and concurred with his argument. This current study will attempt to help clarify the confusion over this issue and potentially provide a more clear understanding of obsidian trade and exchange across Marin County and through time.

BARTELINK, Eric California State University, Chico Biogeochemical Applications to the Study of Ancient Human Dietary Patterns in California • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. The first archaeological application of stable isotope analysis can be traced back to the 1970s. However, California archaeology has been slow to incorporate isotope studies into research, despite their utility in reconstructing prehistoric dietary patterns. Recently, biogeochemical techniques have become more widely available and at a fraction of the original cost, providing new and more affordable research opportunities for archaeologists. With as little as five grams of bone, stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotopes can be analyzed from collagen, and stable carbon isotopes from bioapatite. These tools can provide a wealth of information about prehistoric diet.

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BARTELINK, Eric California State University, Chico Outlier Burials: An Isotopic Perspective • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II) , Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. This presentation examines stable isotope data from late Holocene humans from the San Francisco Bay Area. The focus is on a handful of burials that have bone collagen stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values that fall outside the expected range of variation for a specific locale. Dietary variability in these “outlier” burials is discussed in light of patterns of post-marital residence, migration, sex, and status.

BARTELINK, Eric California State University, Chico ANDRUSHKO, Valerie Southern Connecticut State University BELLIFEMINE, Viviana University of Cambridge NECHAYEV, Irina Ohlone College JURMAIN, Robert San José State University Southern Connecticut State University Osteological Evidence of Interpersonal Violence in the Prehistoric San Francisco Bay Area • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. Osteological evidence from hunter-gatherer populations has revealed unambiguous evidence of interpersonal violence and aggression throughout prehistory. The characterization of prehistoric forager societies as inherently peaceful is no longer a tenable hypothesis, and recent research has been directed toward understanding the patterns and social implications of violence and warfare. In this paper, we examine osteological evidence of interpersonal violence in the prehistoric San Francisco Bay Area (ca. 4500-200 B.P.). Using data compiled from 30 archaeological sites in the Bay Area, we evaluate temporal and regional patterns in craniofacial trauma, projectile point injury, and evidence of “trophy taking” of body parts.

BARTELINK, Eric See BEASLEY, Melanie See BERGET, Ada See BRIGHT, Lisa See GARDNER, Karen S.

BARTELLE, Barney G. California State University, Los Angeles See KNIERIM, Rebekka, G.

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BEASLEY, Melanie University of California, San Diego BARTELINK, Eric California State University, Chico LEVENTHAL, Alan San Jose State University College of Social Science CAMBRA, Rosemary Tribal Chair, The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe

Paleodietary Reconstruction of the Ryan Mound (CA-ALA-329): An Initial Look at Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Analysis • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. This presentation addresses the dietary implications of the stable isotope results from a subsample of the total 146 skeletons sampled from the Ryan Mound (CA-ALA-329). Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic data is used to explore temporal changes and sex differences in diet. Due to its proximity to both terrestrial and estuarine resources, we explore the contribution of marine and terrestrial resources to the diet. Comparisons are also made with other sites from the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay. This research represents the first samples processed with the support of the 2010 Bennyhoff Award.

BEASLEY, Melanie University of California, San Diego Men at Work: The Relationship of Auditory Exostoses and Marine Foraging at Ellis Landing (CA-CCO-295) • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. This presentation reviews bioarchaeological analysis of 64 individuals from the Ellis Landing site, a late Holocene shellmound in the San Francisco Bay Area (ca. 3740 B.P. to 760 B.P.). Previous research suggests that the presence of auditory exostoses can be linked to practices related to exploiting marine resources in cold water. At Ellis Landing, males were the only individuals that exhibited auditory exostoses. If auditory exostoses have a behavioral etiology, then this suggests that males were the primary procurers of marine dietary resources. This analysis will contribute to the body of knowledge concerning subsistence in prehistoric Central California coast populations.

BELLIFEMINE, Viviana See BARTELINK, Eric

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BENCZE, Jennifer University of California Davis TUSHINGHAM, Shannon University of California, Davis Modeling Late Prehistoric Coastal Subsistence at Southern Point St. George • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. The village of Tatitun (CA-DNO-13) was reported to Richard Gould by Tolowa consultants to be the site where survivors of a devastating plague at Point St. George (CA-DNO-11) relocated in pre-contact times. Fine grained analyses of samples from the “workshop area” of CA-DNO- 13 date to between cal A.D. 1586-1789 and include a great diversity of marine and terrestrial foods, including fish, mammal and bird bone, shellfish and charred plant remains. Dietary residues are similar to those described in ethnographically and give us a baseline for comparison at other coastal sites.

BENDÍMEZ PATTERSON, Julia Centro INAH Baja California See LAYLANDER, Don

BERGET, Ada Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis EERKENS, Jelmer Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis BARTELINK, Eric Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico Weaning Preferences at Marsh Creek (CA-CCO-548): Serial Microsampling of Nitrogen Isotopes from Dentin Collagen • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay/Vineyard) 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. The length of time a child is breastfed is one measure of parental investment and in recent populations is correlated to overall health of individuals. We examine human teeth from CA- CCO-548 (ca. 4000-3500 BP) on Marsh Creek in an attempt to reconstruct the age weaning occurred. Nitrogen and Carbon stable isotope ratios in serial samples of collagen extracted from the dentine of M1 molars allow us to estimate the age of weaning for an individual. We then test 1) whether females were weaned at a later age as plant resource use increased, and 2) whether a longer period of breastfeeding is correlated to increased health.

BETTINGER, Robert University of California, Davis • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p m

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BLACK, Jill Resource Management Graduate Program, Central Washington University KERR, Susan Department of Anthropology, Modesto Junior College LORENZ, Joseph G. Department of Anthropology, Central Washington University Department of Anthropology, Modesto Junior College Dental Calculus as a Non-Destructive Source of Mitochondrial DNA for Analysis of Skeletal Remains • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon Mitochondrial DNA is widely used in studies of affinities among living peoples and prehistoric populations represented by skeletal remains excavated at archaeological sites. Although many Indian groups see the utility of using mtDNA analysis as a means of connecting past and present, culural norms regarding treatment of human remains prevent the use of destructive techniques in obtaining DNA. In this paper we discuss the utility of using dental calculus collected from a number of individuals comprising a a pre-contact burial site (CA-SOL-357; 600 - 1000 c.e.) as a possible source of mtDNA.

BOLGER, Robert Laguna Mountain Environmental Aerial Archaeology: Photography and Survey From the Sky • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. Seeing an archaeological site from an aerial viewpoint is the quickest way to get a comprehensive understanding of a site as a whole. Aerial viewpoints unite individual features of a site together and give them context within the surrounding environment. In many cases, aerial photography of a known site has revealed previously unknown features that are invisible at the ground level. Additionally, aerial and satellite images are becoming increasingly useful tools in not only documenting, but also locating archaeological sites around the world. As both technology and techniques for interpreting data progress, aerial photography will become a not only useful, but necessary tool for comprehensive site documentation.

BRACKETT, Claudia California State University Stanislaus, University of the Pacific See LUNDIN, Richard

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BRANDOFF-KERR, Joan USFS retired REEVES, Dan Rock Art Documentation Group Dirt Roads, Ancient Landscapes and Early Sites • General Session 4 (Santa Rosa), Saturday 9:00 – 10:30 a.m. Early populations in the Santa Barbara region are conventionally thought to have been confined to the coastal zone. The rare discovery of a buried site dating to the mid-holocene found in the mountainous interior two years ago challenges that perception. Evidence of other early sites and ancient landscapes are now being revealed in the vicinity in the surface of a dirt road. Both sites exhibit marine shellfish remains, thus strong coastal connections indicating Early Period settlement systems included landscapes of the interior. These sites indicate how ancient landscapes are exposed and where to look for evidence of early sites.

BRESCHINI, Gary S. Archaeological Consulting, Salinas HAVERSAT, Trudy Archaeological Consulting, Salinas Prehistoric mtDNA from Monterey County, California • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon This paper presents the results of prehistoric mtDNA analyses from the coast of Monterey County, in Central California. We compare these results from ancient individuals to results obtained from living individuals, and provide some peculations as to their meaning.

BRIGHT, Lisa Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico BARTELINK, Eric Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico Health and Nutritional Status at the Encinosa Site (CAL-SOL-451): Biological Interpretations and Regional Comparisons • General Session 3 (Salon III) 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. This study examines evidence of nutritional and disease-related stress indicators in a small human skeletal sample (N=33) excavated from the Encinosa Site (CA-SOL-451), a late Holocene site in Vacaville, California. The research question is, how do childhood growth and disease stress indicators from CA-SOL-451 compare with prehistoric populations from the San Francisco Bay Area and the Sacramento Valley? Data collection was limited to standard bioarchaeological indicators of skeletal health, including cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis, linear enamel hypoplasia, non-specific periosteal bone reaction, oral pathology, and osteoarthritis. The prevalence rates are comparable to that found in other studies within central California.

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BRITT SCHROEDER, Kari Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University SINGH MALHI, Ripan Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign RODE, Alyson R. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign SMITH, David Glenn Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis Biological Continuity in the Central Valley: Evidence from Ancient and Modern Mitochondrial DNA, PowerPoint • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon Previous comparison of modern maternal genetic lineages with those from the Early and Middle Horizons suggested population discontinuity in the Central Valley. This result was interpreted as support for a later Penutian expansion. This study re-addresses the question of biological continuity in the Central Valley with more modern samples and attention to genetic variants that offer higher resolution. Ample evidence of biological continuity in the Central Valley is found. This includes evidence of a Yok-Utian population expansion. The estimated timing of this population expansion is consistent with the time depth of the Yok-Utian language family and the appearance of the Early Horizon in the archaeological record. The inclusion of ancient and modern genetic samples from the Columbia Plateau and Great Basin, motivated by evidence of cultural ties between these regions and the Central Valley, supports the hypothesis that the northwest Great Basin may have played a pivotal role in the spread of both genes and culture in the West.

BROWN, Katie California State Unversity, Los Angeles Asphaltum • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Asphaltum, an important source to Native Americans in Southern California, was traded and used in a variety of symbolic, decorative, and practical ways. Using historical accounts, I have traced the California seep locations most often used by the Indian communities. These seeps, located mostly in the Santa Barbara, Ventura, and Los Angeles coastal areas are of high grade asphaltum that were valuable for selling and trading along the channel shores to the Island communities. Using a dated site on San Nicolas Island and thin section analysis, I attempt to fingerprint the source of asphaltum from the mainland. These preliminary results help to reconstruct a trade network that existed long ago.

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BROWN, Sean California State University, Northridge The Peopling of the Pacific Coast in Context: A View From Baja California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Much of Baja California continues to suffer from a paucity of archaeological investigation. Nevertheless, recent excavations on Isla Cedros resulted in the discovery of two of the oldest coastal sites in North America. The lack of bioturbation coupled with the presence of laminate stratigraphy should facilitate the recognition of any deposits of even greater antiquity. As such, we argue that Isla Cedros and by logical extension much of the Baja California Peninsula in general have the potential to play a leading role in the current discourses regarding coastal migration models and the initial colonization of the Pacific Coast of North America.

BRYNE, Stephen Science Applications International Corporation Prehistoric Trails of the Picacho Basin in the Colorado Desert, Imperial County, California • General Session 4 (Santa Rosa), Saturday 9:00 – 10:30 a.m. Prehistoric trails are part of the cultural landscape in the Picacho Basin in the Colorado Desert of southeastern California. These trails provide a lasting testament to prehistoric lifeways. Since the early 20th century, scores of trails have been documented in this region. The trails, which vary from short segments to over 200 miles in length, were used to access resource collection areas, to conduct trade and warfare, and as ritual routes to sacred sites. A number of trails were recorded in 2010 during surveys for proposed military aircraft landing sites. Observations regarding these trails, and their significance, are discussed.

CAMBRA, Rosemary Tribal Chair, Muwekma Ohlone See BEASLEY, Melanie See GARDNER, Karen S. See MONROE, Cara

CARRICO, Richard San Diego State University \’Awi Kuseyaay: The Ringing Rock of San Pasqual • General Session 4 (Santa Rosa), Saturday 9:00 – 10:30 a.m. Within the Kumeyaay (Ipaay/Tipay) landscape there are many physical objects and landforms that are of spiritual value or possess sacred significance. These include pictographs (rock paintings), rocks/ landforms of special significance because of their shape or an event that occurred there, and rocks that when struck emit a particular sound. This presentation will provide the results of 20 years of research focused on finding and documenting a special element of the Kumeyaay cultural landscape; a ringing rock used to call the east wind. Present in oral traditions, originally noted in 1917 and recorded by J. P. Harrington in 1925 this rock outcrop still exists and still rings true.

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CASTRO, Gregg t’rowt’raahl Salinan/rumsien Ohlone Seeing With Different Eyes: Contrasts in Viewpoints and Interpretations • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon There are differences between Native and non-Native views that are not well understood. The cliché “something is lost in the translation…” is a poignant reminder of the gap between modern and native societies. Native communities need to take the lead in establishing their own viewpoint in the world.

CEARLEY, Daniel Foothill College CONNELL, Samuel Foothill College Following the Bulldozer: A community responds for better or for worse • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. This paper re-examines the role of individuals and institutions that were ill prepared, unqualified, and at times misguided yet emerged as central players in managing and salvaging cultural resources in Los Altos Hills in the early 1970’s. During the era prior to nCEQA legislation many rose with a heartfelt commitment and passion in an ad hoc fashion to actively salvage the material remains from Ca-Scl-354. As Foothill College is in the process of reconstituting the artifact assemblages of CA-SCL-354 and reconstruct the events during and after its excavation, it is necessary to parse the moments where science and methods won out over idealism and enthusiasm.

CHARTKOFF, Joseph Department of Anthropology, Michigan State Unievrsity The Destruction of Dams on the Klamath River and Some Implications for Cultural Resource Management • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. The Yurok, Karok and Hoopa tribes have pursued an agreement to remove four major dams built on the Klamath River nearly a century ago. Draining the reservoirs likely will expose historic and prehistoric village locations. The reservoirs may have destroyed the sites, or may have protected them with water and silt cover. Reservoir draining may create new site damages. How reservoirs affect sites is not yet well understood. Assessment of such damages and identification for needed CRM responses could form a new arena for archaeology in California.

CHI, Jacklyn California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology See HAND, Annamarie H.

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CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard Statistical Research SWOPE, Karen K. Statistical Research LEV-TOV, Justin Statistical Research MORTON, Ashley Statistical Research CLARK, James Statistical Research MAJEWSKI, Teresita Statistical Research Exploratory Research on Baked Clay Anthropomorphic Figurines in Northern and Central California • General Session 3 (Bodega/Cotati) 8:00 – 11:15 p.m. Although baked clay and ceramic anthropomorphic effigies have been recognized at prehistoric sites in Northern California for over 70 years, the study of these ceramic objects has received relatively little focused attention from archaeologists working in the region. In this presentation the authors describe the results of exploratory research directed at gathering fundamental information regarding the nature, extent, distribution, and age of ceramic figurines in Northern California. Analyses of ceramic anthropomorphic effigies from several Northern California locales provide intriguing information about the possible age, point of origin, or meaning of this poorly understood tradition. These data serve as critical starting points for discerning potential interaction spheres and the social-cultural meaning behind these unusual artifacts.

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of this ranch during the middle twentieth century, as well as several prehistoric roasting features. More important, however, were several refuse pits and rock features dating from the mid-nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. Numerous artifacts and fauna recovered from these features provide a rare glimpse into early Californio and Euroamerican life in the region.

CLARK, James Statistical Research See CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard

CLERICUZIO, Karen California State University Channel Islands A Place Called Sa’aqtik’oy • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. At the end of the Early Holocene, 5500 BC, prehistoric Native Americans occupied a village in the eastern part of Ventura County, California. After Spanish contact, in the Late Holocene, that same village was known as the Rancheria of Sa’aqtik’oy, and was occupied by the Chumash. The location is now known as the community of Saticoy. This poster will utilize artifact collections, archaeological reports, historical writings, and present-day events to support the theory that Sa’aqtik’oy has been occupied from the Early Holocene to the present day. For the first time, a synthesis tracing all known activity of Sa’aqtikoy will be presented in one thesis.

CLEVELAND,Ryland CSU, Channel Islands See DEOLIVEIRA, Lauren

CLEVENGER, Liz N. Presidio Trust, San Francisco Presidio Outreach • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon The Presidio Archaeology Lab has undertaken an active outreach program designed to foster public engagement with the Spanish colonial site El Presidio de San Francisco. From an active education program to informal storytelling, interpretive exhibits to a revitalized web presence, the Lab has sought to foster new connections with a wide cross section of the public, from international visitors to the local park community. In doing so, we hope to encourage a sense of collective ownership for the past and a greater sense of community by involving diverse members of the public in our efforts and enabling them to make their own connections to the Presidio and its past.

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COLLINS, Greg California State Parks The Patrick’s Point YouTube Looter Case • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. In the summer of 2008 while monitoring CA-HUM-118 in Patrick’s Point State Park, I recorded numerous unauthorized excavations at the site. Later that year, we received a tip that there was a video on YouTube of an individual claiming to be digging at Patrick’s Point and removing artifacts. This paper presents the actions taken during the past two years on this investigation including the archaeological damage assessment, apprehension of the suspect, prosecution of the suspect by the Humboldt County District Attorney’s office, results of the prosecution and sentencing, and subsequent restitution hearing.

COLOCHO, Connie Destiny Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. GARRISON, Andrew Scientific ResourceSurveys, Inc. Hammerstones from Bolsa Chica and their Relationship Towards Site Interpretation • Organized poster 1 (Salon II), Friday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. In addition to Cogged Stones, the Millingstone and Intermediate Horizon sites on the Bolsa Chica Mesa have yielded artifacts that have led to various interpretations of site activity. Although lithic studies tend to generalize hammerstones, an in depth analysis of cobble tools is important in the identification and recognition of multiple site activities. This poster explores the different hammerstones found at Bolsa Chica and how analysis of such tools has yielded better insight into the different lithic industries found there. It also presents hypotheses of how some of these tools may have played a role in the manufacture of Cogged Stones.

COLOCHO, Connie Destiny Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. See GARRISON, Andrew

CONNELL, Samuel Foothill College See CEARLEY, Daniel

CORDERO, Jonathan Department of Sociology, California Lutheran University “Never Ask for DNA on the First Date”: Using DNA to Solve Genealogical Conundrums and to Enhance California Indian Research and Cultural Presence • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon Inaccurate or absent archival records restrict the completion of genealogical research and the fullness of historical accounts. As a result, researchers turn to genetics to confirm or deny their best guess, and often seek out living descendants in order to obtain DNA samples. This paper examines the use of DNA to solve genealogical conundrums, and further illustrates the benefits

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of genetic genealogy to advance historical and ethnological research related to California Indians and to enhance California Indian cultural presence.

CORDOVA, Isabel California State University, Northridge Multivocality in CRM: The Importance of Native American Values • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. In accordance with Federal and State regulations, Native American Values and Culture are artifacts, features, sites, or landscapes that are important to Native American groups and their heritage. Due to these regulations, certain processes must be enforced if these values are compromised during development. This process often lays a problem between CRM firms, developers, land agencies, and Native communities. By underscoring these values that are pertinent to the continuation of these cultures, improved acceptance of these values on their own merit is paramount. This presentation will discuss the importance of protecting Native American culture under the light of impending development.

DAHLUM, Timothy California State University, Northridge Watershed Analysis of Isla Cedros and Taphonomy • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Watershed analysis of Cedros Island off the Pacific coast of Baja California has answered some questions and generated many more questions. This discussion will touch on the relevance of taphonomy, geomorphology, and the “Chubasco” effect in relation to currently known sites and a recent watershed analysis preformed through a GIS.

DARKO, Emily Yosemite National Park, Division of Resources Management and Sciences, Anth The Yosemite Facelift: Trash collection projects as an opportunity for archeological education and public outreach • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. Since 2003, the Yosemite Facelift has been an annual, five-day, all volunteer trash clean-up event in Yosemite National Park. Unfortunately, to the untrained eye, historic artifacts can often mimic modern litter. To prevent the inadvertent collection of artifacts, the National Park Service has developed the ‘Trash v. Treasure’ education program to help Facelift volunteers understand the value of historic artifacts, to teach them how to identify these artifacts, and to impress on them that all potential artifacts are to be left in place. This presentation will discuss the ‘Trash v. Treasure’ program, as well as the positives and negatives of sharing specific archeological information with the public.

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DEBOER, Beau Epsilon Systems Solutions, Inc. Coso Ceramics Cache: Sourcing and Dating Utility Ware • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Situated in the Coso Mountains of the northern Mojave Desert is a large basalt flow tube containing a utility ware ceramic cache. The ceramic contents of the cache were collected in 2010, and given the exceedingly rare nature of such an occurrence in the region it affords numerous analytic opportunities. This study intends to pursue radiocarbon, residue, and petrographic analyses in order to gain additional insight for better understanding the prehistoric occupants of the Coso Mountains.

DEGEORGEY, Alex North Coast Resource Management KUBAL, Kathleen Cultural Resources Management Program, Sonoma State University NEWLAND, Michael Anthropological Studies Center, Sonoma State University Cultural Resources Management Program, Sonoma State University Obsidian Distribution along the Pomo-Yuki Border • Symposium 4 (Salon IV), Sunday 9:00 – 12:00 noon Recent literature review research into the time depth and obsidian distribution at archaeological sites along the Northern Pomo-Yuki ethnographic boundaries provides some insight into the timing of the formation of this boundary. This paper represents the combined efforts of the researchers, who have prepared a Geographic Information System model of village and trail networks between Northern Pomo and Yuki language populations and will discuss what the obsidian distributions suggest about the nature of the relations between the two groups.

DEGEORGEY, Alex North Coast Resource Management WHATFORD, J. Charles California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Exploratory Research on Baked Clay Anthropomorphic Figurines in Northern and Central California • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. Although baked clay and ceramic anthropomorphic effigies have been recognized at prehistoric sites in Northern California for over 70 years, the study of these ceramic objects has received relatively little focused attention from archaeologists working in the region. In this presentation the authors describe the results of exploratory research directed at gathering fundamental information regarding the nature, extent, distribution, and age of ceramic figurines in Northern California. Analyses of ceramic anthropomorphic effigies from several northern California locales provide intriguing information about the possible age, point of origin, or meaning of this poorly understood tradition. These data serve as critical starting points for discerning potential interaction spheres and the social-cultural meaning behind these unusual artifacts.

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DEIS, Richard AECOM Prehistory of the Lower Sacramento River Revisited • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. Recent investigations along the lower Sacramento River have revealed the presence of a well- stratified, almost continuous, archaeological record dating from 2500-300 BP. Coupled with less intact deposits that appear to represent occupations extending to 7000 BP, these studies have yielded significant, new, fine-grained data that reflect environmental change and shifts in settlement and use of the river that are reflected in resource procurement patterns and technology.

DEIS, Richard AECOM See STARKEY, Anna

DELANEY-RIVERA, Colleen CSU Channel Islands See DEOLIVEIRA, Lauren

DEMPSEY, Patrick Avocationalist Julian Steward Erred : the next step. • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. In a 2009 presentation we claimed existence of unguessed-at vessel fragments as votive objects including mission era dish fragments from a floor cist at La Purisima mission --- a mission era glass fragment from an offertory cist from CA-SCLI-1437 --- Broken bowl fragments from ORG-264 Seal Beach. 20th century bottle fragments mixed with broken prehistoric votive objects in the Inyo Mountains and more. What is new here, is that after a literature search we have seen the same vessel breaking and burning behavior to be widespread throughout the northern Uto-Aztecan language domain.

DEOLIVEIRA, Lauren CSU Channel Islands KUIKEN, Garrett CSU Channel Islands CLEVELAND,Ryland CSU Channel Islands DELANEY-RIVERA, Colleen CSU Channel Islands Living on the Edge (of the Oxnard Plain) • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay/Vineyard) 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. Recent work at CA-VEN-167 by CSUCI faculty and students has determined this small shell midden at the edge of Mugu Lagoon was occupied during the Middle Period. The current study

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discusses the archaeological artifacts and ecofacts collected through shovel test pit excavations, test unit excavations, and the water screening of screen residues. Obsidian hydration and radiocarbon samples indicate CA-VEN-167 was occupied intermittently throughout the Middle Period, approximately cal AD 900 to 300 BC. This information improves our view of the Chumash during this challenging period of variable climate and resources.

DES LAURIERS, Matthew California State University, Northridge The Concept of “Legacy Adaptations” and the Peopling of the New World • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Most discussions of New World archaeology include an implicit assumption of autochthonous - or locally developed - technological and human ecological traditions. Part of this has been based on older ideas of the migration into the Americas involving the encounter of new and novel environments and the subsequent need for radical cultural change to accommodate that variation. More recent research which highlights the possibility of a coastal route of entry sometime around 14,000 bp requires that we acknowledge the potential for some technological and ecological know-how to have been imported wholesale from the ancestral lands of the earliest Americans.

DES LAURIERS, Matthew California State University, Northridge See FAUVELLE, Mikael See SMITH, Erin

DIGUISEPPE, Diane San Jose State University Assessing Forearm Fractures from Nine Prehistoric California Populations in the San Francisco Bay Area • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon The interpretation of forearm fractures as indications of aggression is reassessed for a California Prehistoric population from the San Francisco Bay Area. A total of 596 individuals from nine sites are examined for forearm fractures to identify fracture type to determine an accurate interpretation of the cause of the forearm fractures. The study looks at the frequency of fracture type versus intentional and unintentional, other fractures, and secondary trauma. The results indicated a higher frequency of forearm fractures associated with unintentional trauma then previously interpreted. Additionally, a methodology that will aid in distinguishing the various types of fractures is recommended.

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DOERING, Brandy Maidu PARKER, Wendy University of Califoria, Sacramento WESTPHAL, Christa University of Califoria, Sacramento Using Forensic Canines to Reclaim Native American Gravesites • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. A historic Native American gravesite that few know about has been recorded and protected, but Native families felt the boundary didn’t encompass all the graves. In 2010, the Feather River Ranger District on the Plumas National Forest utilized The Institute for Canine Forensics to reveal forgotten burial locations within the overgrown cemetery. With twelve additional graves relocated during the project, the Forest Service is now able to provide further protection for these important heritage resources.

DOWDALL, Katherine California Department of Transportation, District 4, Oakland PARRISH, Otis Kashaya Tribal Elder and Scholar, Kashaya Pomo Tribe Collaboratively Identifying the Kashaya Pomo Cultural Landscape • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon In Kashaya Pomo tribal territory, there are over 250 archaeological sites and in excess of 200 places with Kashaya names. Taken together, the Kashaya consider these to be sacred places. In an effort to both understand and steward these places in culturally appropriate ways, Caltrans and the Kashaya Pomo Tribe have collaborated to identify a Kashaya Pomo cultural landscape. Links between the past and the present, between tangible and intangible cultural resources, and between Kashaya memory communities and places have dramatically broadened our view of what is to be stewarded and how.

EDWARDS, Rob Emeritus, Cabrillo College, Archaeological Associates of Central California Screening the Sixties Back-dirt, (A view from San Francisco State) • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 Memories from the “screen of ‘60s back-dirt” will be examined in the context of changes in archaeology in the early 1960s, when it shifted from a primarily academic pursuit with no recognition of stakeholders except archaeologists, to an era of salvage archaeology in the context of widespread resource destruction.

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EERKENS, Jelmer Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Future Directions in Stable Isotope Analysis in California • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. Advances in instrumentation and analytical techniques are allowing archaeologists to use stable isotope analyses to pursue a rapidly broadening array of anthropological questions. This paper will examine the use of heavy isotopes such as Fe and Sr in sourcing studies of artifacts and people. It will also examine new microsampling techniques and C, N, H and O isotopes to examine dietary changes and mobility within the course of an individual’s life. As well, these techniques can highlight life history “events” such as age of weaning and age of first pregnancy.

EERKENS, Jelmer Department of Anthropology, University of California Davis Adaptive Shifts and Cooperation Strategies • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. Cooperative ventures work well when all are invested and act honestly and fairly. For example, cooperation in hunting or the construction of fishing weirs can increase return rates above what could be captured by individuals alone. However, cooperative ventures fall apart quickly when cheaters or freeloaders become too common. This paper considers cooperation strategies in southern Owens Valley from an individual and household perspective, to examine a dramatic adaptive shift to intensive seed procurement during the late prehistoric period.

EERKENS, Jelmer See BERGET, Ada

ELLIOTT, Evan ASC, Sonoma State University Bring the Hill Patwin into the North Coastal Cultural Region • Symposium 4 (Salon IV), Sunday 9:00 – 12:00 noon Much of what we know about the prehistory of the southern portion of the North Coastal Cultural Region has been based on studies of the Pomo peoples. The Hill Patwin, their neighbors to the east in the periphery between the North Coast and the Central Valley, can greatly contribute to our understanding of the region by illustrating the flow of cultural influences across regional boundaries. This paper argues that instead of simply discussing the Hill Patwin in relation to their Central Valley linguistic kin, they must be included in the discussion of North Coastal peoples and prehistory.

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ERICKSON, Kate Anthropological Studies Center, Sonoma State University Dust in the Wind: A Cultural Resources Management Plan for the Bureau of Land Management South Cow Mountain Off-Highway Vehicle Recreation Area • Symposium 4 (Salon IV), Sunday 9:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon This paper will present archaeological investigations recently conducted within the Bureau of Land Management South Cow Mountain Recreation Area in Lake and Mendocino counties. South Cow Mountain is located in a rugged, sparsely settled intermediate zone between Ukiah and Clear Lake not conducive to long-term occupancy. This environment may have created a boundary zone between groups in the Ukiah and Clear Lake valleys. Results of fieldwork, research themes, visitor impacts and management concerns and recommendations are presented. While often overlooked, sites like these may aid in understanding prehistoric and historic-era use of a serpentine upland environment as a route of trade and travel.

ERLANDSON, Jon M. Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon See WARMLANDER, Sebastian

FAUVELLE, Mikael University of California, San Diego DES LAURIERS, Matthew California State University, Northridge Ti’at or Tomol: Some Thoughts on the Localization of Plank Canoe Innovation in Southern California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Discussions of the origins of the Southern Californian plank canoe often assume that such watercraft were first developed by the Chumash of the Northern Channel Islands. At contact, however, the plank canoe was used not only by the Chumash, but also by the Gabrielino- Tongva of the Southern Channel Islands. This paper will argue that the environmental, material, and social conditions conducive to the development of complex watercraft were just as prevalent in the Southern Channel Islands as they were in the north. Based on these factors, we suggest that long held assumptions about the localization of plank canoe innovation be reexamined.

FENTRESS, Jeff San Francisco State University NAGPRA: A Federated Indians of Graton and San Francisco State University collaborative project (The SFSU Perspective) • General Session 5 (Salon I/II), Saturday 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. The NAGPRA consultations to repatriate human remains, funerary objects and items of cultural patrimony between the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria and San Francisco State University have been a complex process, incorporating very divergent views. Tribal cultural needs, research interests, institutional needs and practical considerations have all come together

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in a repatriation plan addressing the needs of all parties. San Francisco State University’s participation in the process, its position on the issues and how decisions were made will be discussed.

FERNANDEZ, Elizabeth California State Parks PARKMAN, Breck California State Parks The Commune Era of Olompali: Challenging Our Assumptions of the Hippie Lifestyle • General Session 8 (Salon III) , Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. The artifacts that were recovered from the archaeological remains of The Chosen Family Commune at Olompali State Historic Park are helping us determine just who the people were who lived there from 1967 to 1969. By studying these artifacts, we already have a vastly different image of the communards. For example, the music collection reveals a wide range of music that was being listened to at the time, from show tunes to jazz. An unexpected relationship with the military lends further support to the diversification of the commune’s population.

FERNANDEZ, Trish ICF, International See MEDIN, Anmarie

FOX, Georgia California State University, Chico See GLEESON, Molly

FULLER, Craig Sonoma State University and Aviation Archaeological Investigation & Researc Crash & Burn: A World War II Fighter Airplane Crash in the Cache Creek Natural Area • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. During World War II, the US Army Air Forces lost more than 13,000 aircraft due to accidents within the continental United States. This presentation reports on a survey of one of those losses, located in the Bureau of Land Management’s Cache Creek Natural Area, east of Ukiah, CA.

GAIESKI, Jill B. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania The Genographic Project Consortium Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania See SCHURR, Theodore, G.

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GARDNER, Karen S. California State University, Chico LEVENTHAL, Alan San Jose State University CAMBRA, Rosemary Tribal Chair, Muwekma Ohlone BARTELINK, Eric J. California State University, Chico MARTINEZ, Antoinette California State University, Chico Mothers and Infants in the Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes tell us about Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. Breastfeeding and weaning are a part of childhood in all human populations, but the exact timing of these milestones varies between groups. As infants incorporate the nutrients from breast milk into their growing bones, chemical evidence is captured in the form of higher ratios of heavy stable nitrogen isotopes (higher δ15N values). This study interprets δ15N values in the bone collagen of 24 children buried at the Yukisma Mound (CA-SCL-38), a primarily Late Period site (740-230 BP). Differences between these results and descriptions of weaning practices in ethnohistoric accounts will be considered in historical context.

GARDNER, Karen S. California State University, Chico LEVENTHAL, Alan San Jose State University CAMBRA, Rosemary Tribal Chair, Muwekma Ohlone BARTELINK, Eric J. California State University, Chico MARTINEZ, Antoinette California State University, Chico A Charmed Life: Charmstones and the People who Held them at CA-SCL-38: Isotopic Insights • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Approximately 40 charmstones were recovered from 13 grave sites during excavations at the Yukisma Mound (CA-SCL-38), an ancestral Ohlone mortuary mound in Santa Clara County. Nine of the individuals interred with charmstones were also a part of a dietary study which analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of bone protein (collagen) and bone mineral (apatite). Isotope values indicate that dietary patterns for individuals associated with charmstones were remarkably similar to one another. These findings are consistent with ethnohistoric interpretations for charmstone use, which suggest that shamans used charmstones and observed strict dietary guidelines.

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(GARFINKEL) GOLD, Alan AECOM See HINTZMAN, Marc See VARGAS, Benjamin

GARRISON, Andrew Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. COLOCHO, Connie Destiny Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. Exploring Bipolar Reduction at Bolsa Chica: Debitage Analysis and Replication • Organized poster 1 (Salon II), Friday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. Debitage analysis from Coastal Southern California sites can reveal the presence of multiple reduction strategies. Bifacial as well as single and multi direction flake core production are commonly identified, while evidence of bipolar reduction is often neglected. This poster presents the initial findings of a technological analysis on debitage from Millingstone and Intermediate Horizon sites found on the Bolsa Chica Mesa proposing that bipolar reduction was a main technological strategy used on Monterey Chert to create expedient flake tools and drill blanks. In addition, replicative experiments on Monterey Chert are also presented to provide further proof of this reduction method.

GARRISON, Andrew Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. See COLOCHO, Connie Destiny

GASKELL, Sandra Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation, Archaeologist JOHNSON, Danette Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation, GIS Tech Family Routes and Yosemite American Indians Pictographs • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. This study began in 2001 through a volunteer in the park archaeological field work session in collaboration with Yosemite Archaeology and the Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation. Since the pictographs were re-recorded in 2001, research into the original condition and degradation was compiled in order to create a preservation plan. This presentation will show the progression of the archival reconstruction of the pictographs, will show the linguistic relationships to the family use routes, and will describe the village region environment of the images. The images that will be examined are listed as the Valley Images.

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GATES, Gerry Modoc National Forest Archaeological Survey at $6.51 per Site: 40th Anniversary of the 1971 UNR Modoc Lava Beds Survey • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. In 1971 the US Forest Service in Region 5 awarded its first contract for archaeological survey to Donald Hardesty and Steven Fox of the University of Nevada-Reno. Over three months during the summer the UNR crew surveyed two areas: the Modoc Lava Beds and Glass Mountain in the Medicine Lake Highland on the Modoc NF. This inventory resulted in the location and recording of 768 sites. The results were published by the Nevada Archaeological Survey as Research Paper No. 4 in 1974. This presentation highlights what has been done with these sites as part of the on-going Heritage Resource Management Program on the Modoc NF.

GAU, Lydia Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania See SCHURR, Theodore, G.

GENCAY Ustun,Ozge Southwest Museum of the American Indian, Autry National Center See GLEESON, Molly

GILREATH, Amy Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. HILDEBRANDT, Willilam Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. ORIGER, Tom Tom Origer and Associates HUGHES, Richard Geochemical Research Laboratory Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. The Hay Ranch Biface Cache • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. A buried cache of 58 obsidian bifaces was discovered a few miles west of Sugarloaf Mountain in the Coso Range, Inyo County. They were unearthed in a single backhoe bucket. Summary results of their analysis are presented concerning: their age, the quarry that they originated from based on XRF results, and the technology used in their production. Overall characteristics of the cache are first compared to the use history of the Coso Volcanic Field as charted by Gilreath and Hildebrandt (1997). The cache is then compared to others from the greater Inyo-Mono region, inclusive of the southern Sierra Nevada and the western Mojave Desert.

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GIRADO, Amy California State University, Bakersfield The Maybe Site: Early Prehistory of the Southern Sierra Nevadas inWalker Basin, California • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Little to no previous research has been conducted in the region between Tehachapi and Lake Isabella. Research excavations conducted at the Maybe Site in Walker Basin, California attempt to address this void. Recent excavations have yielded a low density, hunting-camp site from which two Great Basin series stemmed projectile points have been identified, including a complete Lake Mohave point. This site has the potential to yield critical information about the early prehistory of the region. Analysis of the assemblage will be presented to illustrate the chronology and function of the Maybe Site in order to understand its relation to other early Holocene sites from California and the Great Basin.

GJERDRUM,Thor Departmentof Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara See WARMLANDER, Sebastian

GLASIER-LAWSON, Maija California State University, Chico The Impact of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act on Relationships Between California Indians and Archaeologists • General Session 5 (Salon I/II), Saturday 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. While the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) itself emphasizes museum collections and human remains it also has a direct impact on the formation of archaeological theory, methodology, and interpretation. To determine how interactions between Native American communities and archaeologists have changed in California since the enactment of NAGPRA a comprehensive literature review has been conducted. Preliminary results indicate that a majority of the available works concerning NAGPRA’s impact in California are associated with museum studies necessitating a foray into California archaeology’s “gray literature”. A combination of the aforementioned resources will provide a clear picture of contemporary issues and relations between Native California groups and archaeologists.

GLEESON, Molly University of California, Los Angeles FOX, Georgia California State University, Chico TEETER, Wendy G. Curator of Archaeology, Fowler Museum at UCLA MUNIZ, Ad Collections Manager, San Diego Archaeology Center LACY, Karen Collections Manager, San Diego Museum of Man

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RICHARDSON, Karimah Staff Archaeologist, Autry National Center ROUVIER, Héléne People’s Center Coordinator and Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Karuk Tribe JOHNSON, Natasha North American Collections Manager, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley From the trenches: challenges of preserving archaeological collections from multiple perspectives • Forum 1 (Salon 1) 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. In the state of California, the care and management of a vast array of archaeological collections have been the focus of recent discussions in the current “curation crisis,” involving a number of stakeholders of various backgrounds, representing state, federal, local, and private entities such as archaeologists, tribes, collections managers, CRM firms, and conservators. Generally, these groups tend to work in separate spheres that only rarely overlap. Because archaeological collections have needs unlike other types of collections, this session is therefore devoted to addressing the challenges commonly encountered in the preservation of archaeological materials, focusing on and encouraging collaborative efforts toward shared goals and resources.

GLEESON, Molly University of California, Los Angeles FOX, Georgia California State University,Chico ZAK, Jacqueline California State Parks, Angeles District PATERAKIS, Alice Director of Conservation, Kaman-Kalehoyuk Excavation MUROS, Vanessa UCLS/Getty Conservation Program GENCAY USTUN, Ozge Assistant Curator, Southwest Museum of the American Indian, Autry Center LEWIS, Allison Curator, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California Berkeley

Caring for artifacts—from the field to the lab • Workshop 4 (Part 1) (Sonoma) 8:00 – 12:00 noon How do you lift and handle fragile artifacts in the field? How do you properly clean these artifacts and other items once you get them back to the lab? How should archaeological materials be labeled and stored? This all-day workshop will address the practical realities of preserving large quantities of materials typically found at historic and prehistoric sites in California which are subject to rapid decay soon after excavation. It will provide basic information on cleaning and storage, and will also present guidelines for incorporating conservation into the budgeting process. The workshop will include hands-on participation and all participants will be provided with a notebook for future reference.

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GLENN, Ryan California State University, Los Angeles Osteometric and Morphologic Variation of San Nicolas Island Dogs • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. This study examines the osteometric and morphologic variation of twenty-three aboriginal dog skeletons recovered from San Nicolas Island, California by Malcolm Rogers in 1930. The osteologic data identified three dog breeds, the Plains Indian Dog, Short-Nosed Indian Dog and a hybridization of these two have been previously excavated on San Nicolas Island. The Plains Indian Dog was very common across North America prior to western contact, while remains of the Short-Nosed Indian dog are concentrated in the American Southwest. This analysis helps to better understand the Nicoleño interaction sphere.

GLENN, Ryan California State University Los Angeles See SMITH, Chelsea M.

GMOSER, Glenn California Department of Transportation Outta Site: Reprising results of the Pilot Ridge archeological project • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. As a rookie archaeologist undertaking a major survey deep in the backwoods of Northwest California, it was necessary to rely on received wisdom and expectations of the time, including their limitations. The subsequent testing and data recovery constituted pioneering work in a little understood corner of the state, influencing the development of archaeological methods and understanding of the archaeological record in California as a whole. Yet, the Pilot Ridge record in many ways has remained frozen, and there is much to be learned by reassessment with the benefit of 30 years of added experience and methodological advances.

GONZALES, Silvia Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom See MONROE, Cara

GORDON, Bryan C. See RITTER, Eric, W.

GOULD, Corrina Chochenyo Ohlone Bay Area Shellmound/Sacred Sites Walk and Coyote Hills • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 An evolving environmental awareness generated many new laws and regulations, and archaeologists began to consult with and involve California Native Americans in protection of cultural resources. SF State students led the way to cease excavations at ALA-328 and 329 when they became part of Coyote Hills Regional Park.

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GRANT, Dave San Jose State University Native Americans in the San Francisco Bay Area: Patterns in Ancient Teeth, Palimpsests of Behavior • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon In analyzing burial populations from the Santa Clara Valley and Fremont Plains area, patterns on teeth were found that did not conform to the normative wear explanation. The purpose of this study is to propose a definitional refinement of wear patterns found on teeth from Central California. Four distinct wear patterns were found. Patterns found were slants, rounding, scoops, and grooves. Statistically significant differences were identified. Analysis of the Southern population suggests that these individuals had an elite class. The percentage of slants, rounding and scoops all increased through time from the older, northern population to the younger, southern populations.

GRANT, Joanne ICF International Eureka! 1849 Gold Coin found at 50 U.N. Plaza in San Francisco • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. During seismic trenching conducted as part of the renovation of 50 United Nations Plaza in San Francisco, fragmentary human remains were recovered from this previously disturbed context. Consequently, ICF conducted archaeological data recovery in the basement of the building. Among more fragmentary human remains, a ten-dollar gold coin manufactured by Moffat & Co in 1849 was discovered. This *2-minute presentation* will provide a very brief history of the project area (part of the historic-era Yerba Buena Cemetery) and show 2 slides of this fantastic coin.

GREENAWAY, Brendon California State University, Los Angeles and California State Parks VELLANOWETH, Rene California State University, Los Angeles Looting in a State Park: An In-depth Analysis to Inform on Interpretive Value, Future Mitigation and Protection. • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. CA-SBA-93, located within Gaviota State Park, is one of the most excessively looted sites in the State Parks System. Preliminary analyses of the site have been completed by Rogers and Glassow. Glassow reported that the main period of occupation occurred between 5200 B.P. and 1500 B.P. The inhabitants relied on terrestrial and marine mammals supplemented by fish. Shellfish decreased in importance from the Middle to Late Holocene. The site may have had regional significance as a source of chert. My research involves an in-depth analysis that informs State Parks on the site’s full interpretive potential and provides a protocol for mitigation and protection.

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GREENAWAY, Brendon California State University, Northridge Looting in a State Park: An In-depth Analysis to Inform on Interpretive Value, Future Mitigation and Protection • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. CA-SBA-93, located within Gaviota State Park, is one of the most excessively looted sites in the State Parks System. Preliminary analyses of the site have been completed by Rogers and Glassow. Glassow reported that the main period of occupation occurred between 5200 B.P. and 1500 B.P. The inhabitants relied on terrestrial and marine mammals supplemented by fish. Shellfish decreased in importance from the Middle to Late Holocene. The site may have had regional significance as a source of chert. My research involves an in-depth analysis that informs State Parks on the site’s full interpretive potential and provides a protocol for mitigation and protection.

GRENDA, Donn California State Historical Resources Commissioner See MEDIN, Anmarie

GRIFFIN, Mark San Francisco State University Population Biodistance in Ancient Central California • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. The Vineyards site (4-CCO-548) is a central California multi-use site which dates to the Middle Archaic (4350 and 550 BC). Mean measures of divergence were derived from frequencies of nonmetric cranial data in order to compare with other contemporaneous regional samples. The distances estimated between populations in this study are quite large and taxonomic diagrams based on those distances reveal very few close relationships. This may lend further support to the contention that precontact California Native American groups practiced a relatively strict form of endogamy. However, genetic drift due to temporal separation may also explain the differences.

GRIFFIN, Mark San Francisco Satate University Department of Anthropology See GUIDARA, Andrea See MARKs, Jennifer

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GRIFFITH, Gina San Bernadino National Forest/ Université Libre de Bruxelles MASON, Travis San Bernadio National Forest Mediating Heritage: Developing New Roles for Public Lands Heritage Professionals and the Public through a Volunteer Site Stewardship Program on the San Bernardino National Forest • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay), Friday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m.

In 2009 the SBNF Heritage and OHV staff trained site stewards from forest volunteer programs (OHV, Wilderness, Discovery Center) and in the process, learned a lot ourselves. In 2010, we redesigned the Heritage Staff role in line with the Forest Service mission of conservation through mediated use. Our Heritage Program was also diversified, adding theme-directed survey, site evaluation, site stewardship and public outreach as central program goals. As mediators, Heritage Staff encourage volunteers to make their own contributions to heritage program goals, and by including stewards from more volunteer groups (Mountain Bikes,

GUIDARA, Andrea San Francisco State University Department of Anthropology GRIFFIN, Mark San Francisco Satate University Department of Anthropology WIBERG, Randy Holman and Associates Review of Demography at the Vineyards Site at Marsh Creek, 4CCO548 • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. The Vineyards site is an important site to both California archaeology and Native peoples of California. This prehistoric site unearthed 479 individuals and up to 530 individuals of mostly fragmented skeletal remains. Through skeletal sex estimation methods, researchers were able to determine sex for 87 female individuals and 116 male individuals, however the sex of 276 individuals remained indeterminant. By employing discriminant function analysis based on canine tooth measurements, previously indeterminant individuals were assigned as either male or female. With the discrepancy between the original total number and the new total number of male and female individuals present at the site, further demographic and other related research can continue.

HADICK, Kacey California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Environmental Stewardship or Depletion: A Reexamination of Prehistoric Resource Depression • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. For nearly 20 years, the idea that prehistoric foragers had impacts on animal populations has been used to explain variation in the archaeological record. In western North America, evidence

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has been amassed for a variety of animal resources including terrestrial and marine mammals, fish, birds, and shellfish. Despite this large body of work, several papers that laid the foundation for future research were plagued by small sample sizes. Taking into consideration the limitations of early work and new research, it is clear that while Native American had some effect, the magnitude of environmental impacts was probably less severe than previously argued.

HAGER, Lori Pacific Legacy, Inc. SCHELL, Samantha Pacific Legacy, Inc. Comparative Osteology: How do you make that call in the field?

• Workshop 2 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Thursday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. Encountering faunal or human bone in the field is something many of us experience. This hands-on workshop is designed to help archaeologists and monitors get acquainted with basic osteological identification methods. The workshop will use comparative materials to focus on defining features, skeletal anatomies, and macrostructure of bone fragments that will be useful for differentiating human from other mammal bone.

HALE, Micah ASM Affiliates Adaptive divergence among southern California hunter-gatherers • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. There are few places on earth where the archaeological record exhibits socioeconomic stability over several millennia. Stability, in this sense, is implied by minimal variation in toolkits. These areas include northwest Greenland, the Siberian subarctic, western Australia, and San Diego County. Over the last 10,000 years, toolkits in San Diego County are much less variable than those just to the north in Orange, Ventura, and Santa Barbara Counties. My research addresses the long-term economic stability implied by San Diego toolkits finding that social factors can be more limiting on the rate and nature of culture change than technology or environment.

HAND, Annamarie H. California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology CHI, Jacklyn California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology LOPEZ-JOHNSON, Amber California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology AINIS, Amira F. California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology VELLANOWETH, René L. California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology

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“Got Crabs?”- Coastal Harvesting of Crustaceans at a Middle Holocene Dune Site on San Nicolas Island, CA-SNI-40 • General Poster Session 2, (Chardonnay/Vineyard), Friday, 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. Recent excavations at CA-SNI-40, a Middle Holocene dune site on San Nicolas Island, yielded unusually large quantities of crab. Identifiable species indicate crabs were harvested from various coastal habitats including high and low intertidal zones, kelp beds, and shorelines. Crab remains were quantified using NISP, MNI, and dry weight measurements. Ethnographic accounts illuminate the indigenous utilization of crabs, both as an energy source and in ceremonial practices. Due to the recovery of rarely found intact mandibles, tests were conducted to replicate processing techniques. Our analysis seeks to expand current knowledge of Middle Holocene dietary practices on San Nicolas Island by focusing on taxa that are often understudied.

HARRIS, Benjamin California Department of Transportation, District 4, Oakland Reconciling Public Outreach and Policy-Driven Archaeology • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon A recent ethnographic study of CRM practitioners who are developing projects that combine community participation with conventional CRM projects can provide some interesting insights into what the critical issues are, and what kinds of strategies work.

HARRIS, Benjamin California Department of Transportation, District 4, Oakland “Taking the Waters” at Pacific Congress Springs – A Late 19th Century Recreational Resort near Saratoga, Santa Clara County • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. An unassuming set of concrete stairs situated along the edge of State Route 9 in Santa Clara County is one of the few remaining visual indicators of an extensive recreational landscape that once drew excursionists to “take the waters” at Pacific Congress Springs. The resort was renowned for its mineral water’s medicinal properties and guests could drink their fill of the water and relax in the spring-fed mineral baths. A Caltrans investigation located the famous springs and bottling plant site, as well as other physical features, and has redefined the known extent of Pacific Congress Springs.

HARRIS, Benjamin Sonoma State University Recipe for Improving Policy-Driven Archaeology: Add Public Outreach and Stir? • Symposium 4 (Salon IV) , Sunday 9:00 – 12:00 noon Public outreach is an increasingly critical part of the archaeological world: it not only enhances our interpretations, but also makes archaeology relevant, accessible, and socially meaningful to the public we serve. However, for many policy-driven archaeologists, constraints on trying to

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mount such projects are daunting. This paper investigates implementation practices of public archaeology and how these can be improved in the context of regulatory compliance. Ethnographic interviews were conducted to illustrate the broad spectrum of perspectives that comprise the profession of policy-driven archaeology. Thus, the fact that they converge upon a shared set of recommendations is all the more significant.

HARRISON, Janelle Death Valley National Park Archaeological Survey Results: Travertine Springs Fire, Death Valley National Park • General Session 7 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. This paper discusses the findings of an archaeological survey conducted on August 13 and August 17, 2010 by the author and a crew of five Death Valley National Park Archaeological Technicians in response to the Travertine Springs Fire, the Burned Area Emergency Response Plan (BAER) and the Burned Area Rehabilitation Plan (BAR). The archaeological survey covered 81 acres located within the boundaries of the Timbisha Shoshone Furnace Creek Historic District and the Tumpisa (‘red ochre’ place) District. The survey evaluated the condition of several prehistoric and historic sites within the survey area, and any impacts on these cultural resources from the fire, the BEAR and the BAR.

HAVERSAT, Trudy Archaeological Consulting, Salinas See BRESCHINI, Gary S.

HAYES, John F. California Department of Transportation See HILDEBRANDT, William

HILDEBRANDT, William Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. HAYES, John F. California Department of Transportation A History of Archaeological Research Associated with the Pilot Ridge Project: • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. The Pilot Ridge Project had a major influence on several archaeological careers, and there are many stories to tell about the incredible field experiences we had. It was also a keystone event for writing the prehistory of northwest California. Although the reflexive, experiential aspects of the project are huge, this paper focuses on the research, giving special attention to: (1) earlier studies that help design the Pilot Ridge work; (2) key findings from the project itself and the hypotheses they generated; and (3) later projects that tested these hypotheses and improved our understanding of this intriguing part of the state.

HILDEBRANDT, Willilam Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. See GILREATH, Amy

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HINTZMAN, Marc AECOM (GARFINKEL) GOLD, Alan AECOM Behavioral Snapshots: Single Reduction Loci Patterning in the Mojave Desert • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. The most abundant artifacts in the Mojave Desert are lithic debitage. To understand the behavioral patterns behind this material it is necessary to determine the constraints of the raw materials, the technological patterning of the debitage, and the intended products that resulted. For the Mojave Desert, five technological patterns have been identified: material assay, bipolar reduction, Topaz Mountain reduction, single or multidirectional flake-core reduction, and bifacial reduction. This paper examines the patterns of the reduction identified during a recent survey in the western Mojave Desert. We use replicative lithic studies to examine these patterns of reduction. The results are a guide for interperting these facinating surface deposits.

HOLLIMON, Sandra Santa Rosa Junior College The Santa Rosa Junior College Museum’s Native California Collections • General Session 5 (Salon I/II), Saturday 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. The SRJC Museum has a collection of more than 4000 cataloged items, including art objects,and archival materials such as photographs and film. Traditional Native American art makes up the greatest portion of the collection, and a significant feature is the Elsie Allen Family collection of Pomo baskets. In 2007, a major renovation recreated the museum, tripling the exhibit space and providing state-of-the-art exhibit and storage facilities. This presentation provides information about our Native California collections and research materials.

HOLMAN, Miley Holman & Associates ALA 12 and 13: Field Methodology as of 1965 • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon The evolution of field excavation techniques in 1965, and methodology for burial removal.

HUERTA, Edgar Department of Anthropology, CSU, Fullerton The Ceramic Artifacts from CA-ORA-64, their Significance, and Place within the Early Ceramic Complex of Southern California and Other Adjacent Regions • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Ceramic technology in southern California and adjacent regions is often considered a late prehistoric development occurring roughly between 900 A.D- 1000 A.D. However, a handful of archaeological sites have produced ceramic artifacts occurring within Archaic Period contexts. Such is the case with CA-ORA-64, which has yielded ceramic artifacts from the later part of

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Horizon II (Milling Stone or La Jolla complex) 8000 B.C – 3000 B.C. Analysis of the ceramics provide new insights into their manufacturing, morphology, distribution, and their significance within the Early Ceramic complex of Sothern California and adjacent regions.

HUGHES, Richard Geochemical Research Laboratory Far Western Anthropological Research, Inc. See GILREATH, Amy

HUPP, Jill California Department of Transportation, Headquarters MCKEE, Elizabeth California Department of Transportation, District 4, Oakland How is this Working? An update on the Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (PA) for the Federal Aid Highway Program • Workshop 1 (Bodega/Cotati), Thursday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. The Caltrans/FHWA Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (PA) has been in use since 2004. This workshop is for consultants and others who are working with Caltrans directly or assisting local agencies with projects requiring FHWA funding or approval and are using the PA for their Section 106 compliance. Caltrans representatives will provide a brief overview of the PA and lead a discussion on the requirements for work undertaken under the PA. Reference and PA Guidance materials will be provided, along with project examples for discussion.

HYLKEMA,Mark Santa Cruz District, California State Parks STRIPLEN, Chuck San Francisco Estuary Institute, Amah Mutsun Tribal Band Putting our Money where our Mouth is: Quiroste Valley Cultural Preserve • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon Many people understand the close relationship between tribal values and traditional lands, but few have the ability to designate property to reflect that relationship. California State Parks, the Amah Mutsun Tribal Band and Muwekma Ohlone Tribes did just that, creating the 220 acre Quiroste Valley Cultural Preserve within Año Nuevo State Park. The tribes have endorsed and participated in archaeological and ecological studies with the intent of generating empirical data to help return the valley to its contact period environmental equilibrium. In time, the Preserve will be able to support traditional land management practices and be a place

HYLKEMA, Mark Santa Cruz District, California State Parks Bringing Home Our Points • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m.

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State Parks has negotiated the return of two very large collections of projectile points and milling tools from three Middle Holocene age sites clustered along the Santa Cruz County coast. Both were generated by professional collectors who targeted these sites some thirty years ago, before they became state property- but maintained the relative provenance of the artifacts. The largest assemblage is from the famous Sand Hill Bluff Site, CA-SCR-7, and is the key to understanding the transitional time between the Middle and Late Holocene, and exchange relationships between the prehistoric economies of northern Monterey Bay and interior Santa Clara Valley.

JAMES, Brian Archaeological Research Center, California State University Sacramento Middle Archaic Occupation in the Inyo/Mono based on Projectile Points and Hydration Data: A Road Map towards a M.A. Thesis • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Early/Pre-Newberry periods are fairly underrepresented slices of time in the Inyo/Mono region. Before 2000BP it is apparent that a different behavioral pattern is in place. In an effort to obtain insight into this time period, extant data has been compiled on certain projectile point types that may be diagnostic throughout the Owens Valley and adjacent areas (e.g., Mojave Desert). Based on the dispersion of points, assumptions about occupation, mobility, and subsistence activities will be tested against previously unexamined regional collections with the intention of using obsidian sourcing data along with obsidian hydration. This study attempts to establish regional occupation patterns in the Owens Valley.

JAZWA, Christopher University of Oregon KENNETT, Douglas University of Oregon An Archaeological Test of the Ideal Free Distribution on California’s Northern Channel Islands • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 pm In this paper, we test predictions of the Ideal Free Distribution model developed for the Northern Channel Islands by Winterhalder et al. (2010) using archaeological data from the mouth of Old Ranch Canyon, Santa Rosa Island. This model predicts early and persistent occupation of this location compared with other island locations. We test this with data from recent survey and excavations. It also predicts resource depression (decreased habitat suitability, dietary expansion) at this location prior to the expansion of settlement to lower ranked locations in the region. We evaluate this prediction with faunal assemblages from the Old Ranch Canyon mouth.

JOHNSON, Danette Southern Sierra Miwuk Nation, GIS Tech See GASKELL, Sandra

JURMAIN, Robert See BARTELINK, Eric

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JOHNSON, John R. Department of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History LORENZ, Joseph G. Department of Anthropology, Central Washington University Castas and the Genetics of Colonial California • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 Colonial society in Alta California had its origins in the multiracial society that had been forged in the northwest frontier of New Spain. In this study, we take the first steps toward understanding how mitochondrial DNA evidence, used in combination with mission record research, clarifies the origins of Spanish-Mexican families who came to the region before 1790. Our eventual goal is to place the mitochondrial DNA lineages that are of indigenous origin into an ethnohistorical and geographical context, shedding light on peoples of northwest Mexico, especially Sonora and Sinaloa, whose population histories are poorly known.

JOHNSON, Natasha North American Collections Manager, Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley See GLEESON, Molly

JOSLIN, Terry L. University of California, Santa Barbara Punctuated Late Holocene Adaptive Changes in the Southern San Simeon Reef Region • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 pm Along the central California coast, resource decline associated with the severe droughts of the Medieval Climactic Anomaly resulted in rather abrupt shifts in hunter-gatherer use of intertidal environments. By at least A.D. 1000 occupants turned to procuring and processing near-shore fish, and to inter-regional exchange of small shellfish through direct access by logistical groups from the interior or by exchange with coastal people to maintain social ties. These significant, short-term adaptive adjustments maximized littoral foraging productivity while buffering risks associated with environmental fluctuations and changes in socioeconomic systems.

JURICH, Denise Atkins (formerly PBS&J) Diachronic Analysis of Flaked Stone Tool Function in the North-Central Mojave Desert • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Research in the Mojave Desert has revealed a long chronological sequence of human occupation, beginning in the early Holocene and continuing into historic times. Common to many prehistoric sites in the region are flaked stone tools. Using morphological or macroscopic attributes as proxy indicators of artifact function, archaeologists have attempted to address prehistoric tool-use. This paper examines flaked stone tool function in the north-central Mojave Desert. Replicative experiments using cryptocrystalline and basalt replicas were used to develop macroscopic and microscopic use-wear signatures. Damage on artifacts selected from well-

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dated early, middle, and late Holocene contexts were interpreted on the basis of these wear patterns.

KELLOGG, Jarrod California State University, Northridge and Bureau Of Land Management, Needles Who Created the Halloran Spring Petroglyphs, and Why? • General Session 4 (Santa Rosa), Saturday 9:00 – 10:30 The recording of the petroglyphs at Halloran Spring, San Bernardino County, CA., has recently been completed. With at least 1500 years of human occupation by at least three cultures, the temporal depth of the petroglyphs is immense. This paper will compare the rock art found here to rock art styles associated with the Ancestral Puebloan, Ancestral Mojave, and Southern Paiute to determine who most likely created the images; the relation of the rock art to other sites and its placement on the landscape will be used to determine why the petroglyph were created.

KEMP, Brian M. School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman and Department of Anthropology, Washington State University See MONROE, Cara

KENDIG, William E. California State University Los Angeles See SMITH, Kevin, N.

KENNETT, Douglas University of Oregon See JAZWA, Christopher

KERR, Susan See BLACK, Jill

KETER, Tom Pilot Ridge, Whiting Ridge, Last Chance Ridge, and Southfork Mountain: The End of History and the Rest of the Story • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m.

For nearly a decade beginning in the late 1970s a number of surveys and excavations took place on a series of interconnected high-altitude ridges in Northwestern California. The data and information from these projects provided a major contribution to our current understanding of northwestern California prehistory. A decade later I spent a significant amount of time researching the region’s land-use history as part of a multi-disciplinary Watershed Assessment Team. An understanding of historic land-use activities has proven useful to natural resources specialists developing plans to meet newly implemented Forest Service ecosystems management objectives. What is clear after walking these ridges for over thirty years is that the landscape and the environment continue to evolve. As new land-use activities including road building, logging, and OHV use have taken place the land continues to write its own history.

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KING, Jerome Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. The Role of GIS as a Tool for Archaeological Research • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m.

After several decades of high but often-unmet expectations, geographic information systems (GIS) technology has arguably finally arrived as an everyday, indispensable tool of the trade, at least for mapping, documenting, and managing archeological sites. But is it actually changing the way we do archaeological research? To some extent, the questions we ask haven’t changed, so much as the tools we use to answer them. But GIS has also opened some genuinely new avenues of research. These include extremely fine-grained analyses of artifact and feature distributions, as well as regional-scale studies examining aspects of prehistoric land use such as travel routing, energy expenditure, and resource procurement.

KNELL, Edward Assistant Professor and Curator, The John Cooper Center, California State University Fullerton Organization of San Dieguito Lithic Technology at the C.W. Harris Site • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. The C.W. Harris site has been at the forefront of discussions regarding its early Holocene origins and relationship to the Mojave Desert and the La Jolla/La Pauma complexes. While it is important to understand how the Harris site fits into the early Holocene cultural historical sequence, it is just as important to understand the behaviors employed by the site occupants. This issue is addressed through an assemblage-level chipped stone analysis of Warren’s 1950s excavations at the Harris site. The site was a workshop where locally procured toolstone was manufactured into bifaces, and the scraping tools used to process hard materials, perhaps haft shafts.

KNELL, Edward J. Assistant Professor and Curator, The John Cooper Center, California State University Fullerton See SUTTON, Elizabeth A.

KNIERIM, Rebekka G. California State University, Los Angeles BARTELLE, Barney G. California State University, Los Angeles VELLANOWETH, René L. California State University, Los Angeles The Balancing Stone Features of Tule Creek Village, San Nicolas Island, California • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Two caches of balancing rock cairns were recently uncovered during archaeological excavations at the Tule Creek Village site (CA-SNI-25) on San Nicolas Island, CA. The features include sandstone, serpentine, basalt, and granite rocks associated with cut red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) shell, ochre, and asphaltum. Cairn 1 consists of a serpentine disc base and a basalt

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midsection overlaid by an inverted sandstone bowl. Cairn 2 is a phallic sandstone pestle capped by a pecked pyramidal granite top. Radiocarbon dates on associated marine shell suggest the cairns were buried in the 13th or 14th centuries. Surrounding features and ethnographic data indicate that these items may be associated with ritual activity.

KOWAL, Matt University of California Los Angeles See SMITH, Chelsea M.

KRUSZYNSKI, Robert The Natural History Museum London, United Kingdom See MONROE, Cara

KUBAL, Kathleen Cultural Resources Management Program, Sonoma State University Mapping Barrett’s Northern Pomo Ethnographic Sites in a Geographic Information System • Symposium 4 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Samuel Barrett published The Ethnogeography of the Pomo and Neighboring Indians in 1908 as part of the Ethnological and Archaeological Survey of California, conducted by the University of California. His goals were to establish the territorial boundaries of the Pomo linguistic stock, to determine the exact limits of each dialect boundary, and to identify the locations of old and modern villages and campsites. Archaeologists from Sonoma State University are in the process of digitizing Barrett’s ethnographic sites and incorporating them into a geographic information system. This paper presents digitization efforts for Northern Pomo ethnographic sites and trail networks.

KUBAL, Kathleen Cultural Resources Management Program, Sonoma State University See DEGEORGEY, Alex

KUIKEN, Garrett California State University Channel Islands See DEOLIVEIRA, Lauren

LACY, Karen Collections Manager, San Diego Museum of Man See GLEESON, Molly

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LAYLANDER, Don ASM Affiliates BENDÍMEZ PATTERSON, Julia Centro INAH Baja California Unusual Decorated Potsherds from the Sierra Juárez in Northern Baja California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Most prehistoric pottery in the western Yuman region of southern California and northern Baja California is undecorated, but examples with painting or incising are not rare. Recently, sherds from what may be a unique vessel, decorated with regularly spaced punctations along its rim, were found at a La Rumorosa-style pictograph site in the mountains of northern Baja California.

LEON GUERRERO, Annamarie Sonoma State University, Anthropological Studies Center A Comparative Analysis of Bedrock Milling Sites in the Black Hills of Contra Costa County • Symposium 4 (Salon IV), Sunday 9:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon This paper discusses the types of prehistoric bedrock milling sites that have been located within Morgan Territory Regional Preserve in the East Bay Regional Park District. It will examine the types of bedrock milling features at these sites, as well as other cultural constituents observed such as rock art and lithic scatters. Other factors, such as topographical features will be presented as well. The spatial relationships between these sites and to the closest known village sites will be explored in order to better understand settlement patterns and use of such seasonal, task specific sites within the area.

LEVENTHAL, Alan San Jose State University From Refuse Heaps to High Status Mortuaries - Alternative Interpretations of the Shellmounds of the San Francisco Bay: A Perspective from the Mortuary Complex from the Ryan Mound, CA-ALA-329 • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 For 100-plus years the shellmounds along the margins of San Francisco Bay have been interpreted variously as “refuse heaps” and “occupation/village sites.” From the 1930s through 1968, CA-ALA-329 (the Ryan Mound) was excavated by UCB, Stanford University and SJSU. Between 1988 and 1992, Alan Leventhal analyzed the assemblages of over 44,000 artifacts associated with the SJSU excavations and 283 burials. In addition to broadening the time span of the site, the artifact patterning did not support previous interpretations, and an alternative hypothesis was forwarded that suggested that the mound was principally used for almost 2,000 years as a ceremonial/cemetery site.

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LEVENTHAL, Alan See BEASLEY, Melanie See GARDNER, Karen S. See MONROE, Cara

LEV-TOV, Justin Statistical Research See CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard

LEWIS, Allison Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology See GLEESON, Molly

LOPEZ-JOHNSON, Amber California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Anthropology See HAND, Annamarie H.

LORENZ, Joseph G. See BLACK, Jill See JOHNSON, John R.

LUNDIN, Richard BRACKETT, Claudia Archaeochemistry – Classroom and Fieldtrip • Workshop 3 (Cotati), Friday 1:00 – 6:00 p.m. Chemistry has always been an effective tool for the modern archaeologist. However, with the development of new technology, chemical analysis is becoming increasingly easier, cheaper and thus more important. The workshop is designed to give the practicing archaeologist a basic working understanding of the chemical principles that are applicable and specific to archaeology. The workshop is targeted for a participant that has little or no previous background in chemistry. Topics to be covered are “Elements and Molecules, or what is that stuff anyway?”; “Biomolecules, or getting a site/object to speak to you”; “Chemical Statistics, or understanding all that gibberish that came back from the lab”; and “Soil Chemistry, or getting information when you can’t see a thing.” Topics will be presented in a combination of lecture and hands-on demonstration. We will be using simple UV-visible spectrophotometer, portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer, and possibly other field portable equipment. Participants are encouraged to bring their own specimens for non-destructive analysis. The specimens should be solids (not liquids) and either 10 grams of material or a surface area about ¾ inch square.

MAJEWSKI, Teresita Statistical Research See CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard

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MANIERY, Mary L. PAR Environmental Services Incorporating Stakeholders into CRM Projects • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon In the past we have worked successfully with different local avocational groups, Chinese and Japanese communities, etc. to incorporate their skills, labor, interest, into our CRM-driven projects. Currently I am working with a railroad group for an excavation on an historic railroad block with anticipated features/deposits. While it takes a big effort on our part to sell it to the client, and to get OHP on board, it does work. It saves the client money, is great for PR purposes (especially on controversial projects) and gives back to the people paying the bills (the public).

MARKS, Jennifer San Francisco State University GRIFFIN, Mark San Francisco State University WIBERG, Randy Holman and Associates San Francisco State University Nonalimentary Tooth Use in Ancient California • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. It is hypothesized that prehistoric Californian individuals with extreme dental wear will exhibit patterns significantly different than those with typical wear. Casts of the dentitions of prehistoric individuals were examined under a scanning electron microscope, the resulting images qualified and quantified, then measured statistically against those from the control group whose teeth exhibited less extreme wear. It is expected that this study will demonstrate that specific methods used in ancient basket-weaving are discernible through examination of dental microwear. This research will contribute a methodological example of the use of dental microwear in explaining aspects of ancient life other than diet.

MARTINEZ, Antoinette California State University, Chico See GARDNER, Karen, S.

MASSEY, Sandra Anthropological Studies Center WALKER, Mark Anthropological Studies Center Las Plumas: A Progressive-Era Company Town on the Feather River • Symposium 4 (Salon IV) ,Sunday 9:00 – 12:00 noon The town of Las Plumas in Butte County was constructed in 1908 to house the workforce of the Great Western Power Company’s remote Big Bend hydroelectric power plant. Las Plumas was occupied until 1967, when it was demolished prior to construction of the Lake Oroville

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reservoir. The Anthropological Studies Center at Sonoma State University conducted field investigations and historical research focused on the town’s construction, cultural landscape, and community life. Through this work, a picture has emerged of Las Plumas as an example of a Progressive-era “new company town” with a built environment designed to promote a cooperative spirit among its residents.

MCCOLLUM, Christine Bureau of Land Management SCA Professional Standards and Ethics Committee SCA Code of Ethical Guidelines: Understanding and Defining our Responsibilities as Professional Archaeologists • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. The SCA Professional Standards and Ethics Committee will engage the membership in examining the Society’s existing Code of Ethical Guidelines from the SCA Bylaws. This exercise will provide an opportunity for SCA members to better understand their responsiblities to the SCA and weigh in on how the Code of Ethical Guidelines can improve to better serve the archaeological community.

MCKALE, George City of Sonoma

Dig Sonoma – Public Outreach and Education in the City of Sonoma • Public Session (Ballroom), Thursday 6:00 – 9:00 p.m.

MCKEE, Elizabeth California Department of Transportation, District 4, Oakland See HUPP, Jill

MCKENZIE, Dusty Cabrillo College Reconsidering the Peripheral Nature of the Central Diablo Range • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. The archaeology of Central California’s Diablo Range has been poorly investigated. As a result, the prehistoric occupation of this area has been interpreted as marginal when compared to that of the Central Valley or coastlines. Recent excavations conducted by Cabrillo College in Henry W. Coe State Park recovered data that challenge many previous misconceptions. The diverse artifact assemblage and subsistence remains recovered from the Orestimba Corral Site suggest

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that the prehistoric occupation of the Diablo Range was more substantial than once believed and that this region should no longer be viewed as a peripheral location separating the valley and coast.

MEDIN, Anmarie California Department of Transportation FERNANDEZ, Trish ICF, International

Improving Archaeological Practices in California – The Next Step • Forum 2 (Salon IV), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m.

On July 30, 2010 the California State Historical Resources Commission (SHRC) approved five Archaeological White Papers, which set the foundation for improving the practice of professional archaeology in California. The five subjects, drawn from the State Historic Preservation Plan, are Conservation, Curation, Interpretation, Protection, and Standards and Guidelines. The Archaeological Resources Committee of the SHRC is now spearheading the move towards implementation and we need your input. We will provide a brief summary of the work to date and specific recommendations regarding where we should focus our efforts.

MILANOVICH, Sean Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians \”Tukushnekish Pah\” - Trails and Place Names Renaming Project • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. California Indians had names for our places and trails. Most of the names that are on maps today do not attribute to tribal identity. Names of significant places on the landscape were identified by a phrase or word that described the place or trail. I want to introduce people to the Cahuilla landscape of the Agua Caliente with their traditional names. I am proposing using names such as “Tukushnekish Pah” meaning “ A Green Place or Green Spot” to name a trail; the trail leads one to a dripping spring engulfed by green ferns. Restoring traditional names to trails and places helps the Tribal Community to reconnect to the land. Using indigenous names also helps the continuity of the Cahuilla Language. Traditional Cahuilla Names will reaffirm Agua Caliente’s presence and efforts to manage its lands.

MITCHELL, Karen USDA Forest Service. FFRD, PNF Howland Flat: Excavations in the Shadow of Table Rock • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. Nestled below Table Mountain, Howland Flat got its start in 1853 during the gold rush boom in California. The site is now managed by the USDA Forest Service and since mining is no longer permitted; the abandoned town now provides an opportunity for archaeologists to explore its history through Passport In Time projects. In 2010, The Feather River Ranger District on the Plumas National Forest, began the first year of P.I.T. excavations at Howland Flat. The Video

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“Howland Flat: Excavations in the Shadow of Table Mountain” chronicles the first season of excavation done and shows how P.I.T. projects function in preserving the nation’s past

MITCHELL, Karen USDA Forest Service, Plumas National Forest See MORGAN, Angel

MOGES, Rezenet Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. See WILEY, Anastasia Nancy

MONROE, Cara Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, School GONZALES, Silvia Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom KRUSZYNSKI, Robert The Natural History Museum London, United Kingdom KEMP, Brian M. School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman and Department of Anthropology, Washington State University Ancient DNA Analysis of Prehistoric Burials from the Santa Barbara Channel Islands • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Archaeological and linguistic research indicates that the Chumash have deep roots in the Santa Barbara Channel region and have occupied the southern California Coast for millennia. Previous genetic studies indicate that some Chumash belong to an ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineage that appears to be coastally distributed along North and South America. Ancient DNA was extracted from 21 individuals, approximately half of which are from El Monton archaeological site, a large shell midden deposit from Santa Cruz Island, in order to further elucidate the prehistory of the Chumash people. Preliminary results indicate direct maternal connections dating back 3000-6000 years.

MONROE, Cara Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara; Schoo VILLANEA, Fernando School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University LEVENTHAL, Alan San Jose State University College of Social Science CAMBRA, Rosemary Tribal Chair, The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe KEMP, Brian M. School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University; Department ofAnthropology, Washington State University Ancient Human DNA Analysis from CA-SCL-38 Burials: Correlating Biological Relationships and Mortuary Behavior • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon

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Mortuary evidence from the Central Coast and San Francisco Bay area of California suggests a complex culture history of regional interaction and increasing social inequality. In particular, research at the predominately Late Period cemetery site of CA-SCL-38 suggests that burials were spatially structured according to age and sex and possibly status. In collaboration with the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe, we have extracted and analyzed mitochondrial DNA from approximately 30 burials in order to correlate the biological relationships of individuals and family units to mortuary patterns. Genetic similarities between Hokan and Penutian speakers at a macro level will be also be addressed by comparing our data to other DNA studies throughout California.

MORGAN, Angel Shasta College MITCHELL, Karen USDA Forest Service, Plumas National Forest The Beckwourth Emigrant Trail: Using Historic Accounts to Guide Archaeological Fieldwork in the Plumas National Forest. • General Poster Session 3 (Chardonnay), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. The Beckwourth Emigrant Trail project was created by the Forest Service for the purpose of composing a detailed and comprehensive site record by archaeologists. In 1851, Jim Beckwourth built the wagon trail to accommodate travelers in search of gold. It ran from Sparks, Nevada to Bidwell’s Bar, California. Historic GLO maps and survey notes were used in conjunction with Andrew Hammond’s field maps to identify trail segments. They were located and compared with historic documentation of the trail’s route. The poster will juxtapose the approximate location of the trail according to the historic documentation with the segments located in the field categorized by using the Emigrant Trail

MORTON, Ashley Statistical Research See CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard

MUNIZ, Ad Collections Manager, San Diego Archaeology Center Curation and the Future of Archaeology • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. The San Diego Archaeological Center has initiated several science-based research projects aimed at demonstrating the value of curated collections. Projects include compositional studies of indigenous ceramics, and experimental and use-wear studies of ground stone artifacts such as milling tools and perforated stones. A pilot study for a proposed large-scale regional project to investigate use of the geochronological technique of detrital zircon provenance analysis for sourcing sedimentary lithic artifacts has recently been completed. GIS-based modeling is being applied to these and other studies. The Center supports researchers by making artifacts and collections available for projects and technique validation studies, such as ceramic rhx dating. Collaborations with educational and other non-profit organizations are underway to increase web-based dissemination and accessibility of archaeological data.

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MUNIZ, Ad Collections Manager, San Diego Archaeology Center See GLEESON, Molly

MURLEY, Daniel F. Sonoma County Heritage Network The Russian Outlier settlements • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. During the years of the Russian American Company’s expansion in Northern California, they established a number of ranches and settlements. Outside the main establishments at Colony Ross and Port Rumiantsev (Bodega Bay) there were Russians, California Natives and Native Alaskans working for the profit of the Company. This paper will examine some of these outlying settlements.

MUROS, Vanessa UCLA/Getty Conservation Program See GLEESON,Molly

MUSSER-LOPEZ, Ruth Arlene River Archaeological Heritage Association (RiverAHA) “Mystic Maze” or “Mystic Maize:” The Amazing Archaeological Evidence • General Session 4 (Santa Rosa), Saturday 9:00 – 10:30 a.m. In 1978, Arda M. Haenszel of the San Bernardino County Museum Association provided the details of a “giant” prehistoric earthen archaeological feature known locally in the area of Needles, California, as the “Mystic Maze.” After careful consideration of the evidence, Haenszel found that the windrows of gravel are likely prehistoric but certainly do not form a “maze.” Though her foundational work is seminal, the function of this approximate 100-acre site has continued to mystify with strong evidence of historic construction associated with the railroad. Not previously considered is the archaeological evidence supporting a functional association with prehistoric agricultural activity.

NECHAYEV, Irina See BARTELINK, Eric

NEWLAND, Michael Anthropological Studies Center, Sonoma State University Cultural Resources Management Program, Sonoma State University See DEGEORGEY, Alex

ORIGER, Tom Tom Origer and Associates See GILREATH, Amy

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ORTIZ, Beverly Interpretive Programs at ALA-328: Changing Approaches • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon This summary of 1967 to present perspectives of best practice in interpretation of ALA-328, located in Coyote Hills Regional Park in Fremont, will include consideration of: (1) the earliest interpretive programs there at an exposed face at the last excavation site; (2) efforts by Naturalists Norm Kidder and Jan Southworth to engage the public in understanding local Native cultures by involving them in “experimental archaeology” focused on the building of structures, tules boats and other objects, based upon Central California and other models; which segued into (3) the current focus on Ohlone cultures past to present, including Ohlone interpretation of the sites.

OWINGS, Amanda Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania See SCHURR, Theodore, G.

PARAMOURE, Patricia ASC, Sonoma State University A Lime Workers’ Cabin at the Cowell Lime Works Historic District • Symposium 4 (Salon IV) , Sunday 9:00 – 12:00 noon During 2008 and 2009, archaeological excavations were carried out at the Cowell Lime Works Historic District Cabin B, a small lime workers’ residence, on the campus of UC Santa Cruz. Historians know little about the mostly illiterate immigrants who worked and lived at this historic district around the turn of the 20th century. This presentation explores the archaeological assemblage from Cabin B and suggests some possible interpretations of the data. The ultimate goal of the artifact analysis is to learn more about the workers and their daily lives at this rural industrial complex in Santa Cruz County.

PARKER, Jennifer CA State Parks Tufa - What is it Good For? • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Recent survey work conducted along the Ancient Lake Cahuilla Shoreline within the boundary of Ocotillo Wells SVRA has identified several habitation features and artifacts encrusted with tufa. By examining the spatial relationship with respect to elevation and non-tufa containing sites can we determine a temporal sequence of site occupation that reflects the infilling and draining of Lake Cahuilla?

PARKER, John Archaeological Research Historic Chinese and Pomo Interaction : Lake County Evidence • General Session 8 (Salon III), Sunday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m.

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Monitoring of EPA activities at the Elem Indian Colony in 2006 turned up evidence of historic Chinese/Pomo interaction. Five house features, one hollow trash deposit, and a sheet deposit were exposed. The features represented historic use just before and just after 1900. As the features were to be protected, only minimal samples were collected. This talk presents information gathered from those samples. The EPA later destroyed the historic features with no further data recovery.

PARKER, Wendy University of Califoria, Sacramento See DOERING, Brandy

PARKMAN, E. Breck California State Parks Remembering Smitty: A Tale of Two Sites, ALA-331 & ALA-396 • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon In the spring of 1974, Dr. Clarence E. “Smitty” Smith (1920-1975) of CSU Hayward taught his final field class in archaeological methods. While earlier classes worked at ALA-328 and ALA- 329 near Coyote Hills, this one began at ALA-396, near Pleasanton, in the Livermore Valley, an ancient campsite, with deeply buried deposit. It ended at ALA-331 near Coyote Hills, a rich, late-period shellmound. This paper is a fond remembrance of Smitty, my first archaeology instructor. It is also a reminiscence of California archaeology as conducted in the early 1970s, and a frank assessment of what was good and bad about it.

PARKMAN, Breck California State Parks See FERNANDEZ, Elizabeth

PARRISH, Otis Kashaya Tribal Elder and Scholar, Kashaya Pomo Tribe See DOWDALL, Katherine

PATERAKIS, Alice Kaman-Kalehoyuk Excavation See GLEESON, Molly

PERRY, Jennifer Pomona College See SLAYTON, Emma

PIGNIOLO, Andrew Laguna Mountain Environmental, Inc. Points in Time: Glass and Ceramic Projectile Points as Markers of Changing Style, Material Procurement, and Technology • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m.

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A rapid shift in hunting technology occurred among Native Americans in far southern California after European contact. A partial shift in projectile point manufacturing material from stone to vitreous container fragments such as glass and ceramics can serve as a marker of this ethnohistoric transition. Arrow point styles appear to have been in flux prior to contact and these points mark the final extent of style shift prior to the wholesale replacement of this technology with guns. Changes in style, material procurement, and technology help provide a greater understanding of broader patterns of cultural change.

PORCASI, Judith Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA Trans-Holocene Surf ‘N Turf • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II) , Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Comparison of allometrically- estimated biomass of shellfish versus vertebrates exploited throughout the Holocene reveals that coastal Californians relied almost entirely on readily accessible invertebrate resources for dietary protein. During the earliest (i.e., the Paleocoastal) occupation of the coast, shellfish represented as much as 92% of consumed dietary flesh. Data show, however, that this profound dependence lessened over time, coinciding with an overall reduction in total quantity of consumed animal flesh.

POTTER, Amiee Anthropology Program, School of World Studies, VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity Genetic Continuity and Persistence of Maternal Lineages within Southern California? Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Prehistoric Southern California • Symposium 2 (Salon IV) 8:00 – 12:00 noon Mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies were determined for two prehistoric populations from San Clemente Island (Eel Point and the Nursery Site) to investigate Uto-Aztecan migration onto the southern Channel Islands. The Eel Point and Nursery Site frequency distributions were compared to one another, and to extant Uto-Aztecan and Great Basin/California populations.

PRAETZELLIS, Adrian Sonoma State University Standards and Guidelines for Calfornia Archaeology • Forum 2 (Salon IV), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. How can we improve the conduct of CRM archaeology in California? The Archaeology Subcommittee of the State Historical Resources Commission has come up with some ideas, but which should be taken forward and how? A (very) brief presentation will set the stage for an open discussion.

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PSOTA, Sunshine Holman & Associates Current Research on Emergent Period Use of the Muir Beach Locale, Marin County, California • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay/Vineyard), Friday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. As part of the Big Lagoon/Redwood Creek Restoration Project undertaken by the National Parks Service, three archaeological sites were excavated in the Muir Beach portion of Frank Valley. Artifactual remains document how Native Americans used this diverse valley and what they carried into it. Using current methods and analyses, this research details Emergent Period use of southwestern Marin County, an area with previous limited research.

PURSER, Margaret Sonoma State University, Department of Anthropology Safe Harbor, or Any Port in a Storm? Community Collaboration from an International Perspective • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Community-based heritage projects are an increasingly common part of professional practice, world-wide. I have designed and implemented one of these projects over the past decade in the small 19th century port town of Levuka, Fiji. Working in a small but intensely diverse “community”, and in the context of policy frameworks that range from the local town council to UNESCO’s World Heritage List guidelines has been a powerful learning experience that has completely changed the way I see how and why our field does its work, and where we may be going in the future.

REEVES, Dan Rock Art Documentation Group See BRANDOFF-KERR, Joan

RICHARDSON, Karimah Autry National Center, Staff Archaeologist See GLEESON, Molly

RITTER, Eric W. Bureau of Land Management GORDON, Bryan C. Chronology, Context and Select Rock Art Sites in Central Baja California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Dating rock art in central Baja California is of high interest to archaeologists but continues to be problemmatic in many instances. Furthermore, incorporating the images into their broader archaeological context is a worthwhile goal world-wide in attempting to understand the lifeways of prehistoric peoples. This brief note discusses some of the exploratory work undertaken toward (1) dating select central península rock art sites, and (2) comprehending the place of the motif complexes in the broader archaeological record.

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RODE, Alyson R. Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign See BRITT SCHROEDER, Kari

ROGERS, Alexander K. Maturango Museum YOHE II, Robert M. California State University, Bakersfield An Improved Equation for Coso Obsidian Hydration Dating, based on Obsidian- Radiocarbon Association • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. This paper reports an improved equation for Coso obsidian hydration dating, with rigorous corrections for effective hydration temperature (EHT). The equation is based on the physics of the hydration process, and gives reasonable ages even for large hydration rims. The equation is t = 42.7r2, where t is age in calibrated years before 2000 (cyb2k) and r is hydration rim thickness in microns, corrected to an EHT of 20.4°C. The range of validity for the equation is 0 < t < 11,000 cyb2k. The accuracy of age estimates is ~ 20%. The equation represents a composite for the Coso volcanic field; research to define flow-specific rates is in progress.

ROMAN, Deborah V. Cumash Indian Museum, Thousand Oaks, California Recent investigations into rock shelters in the interior Santa Monica mountains area of Southern California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. The recent investigations into the rock shelters found on VEN-632 in the interior Santa Monica mountain region of Thousand Oaks have spurred new considerations of the functions of these shelter systems in interior Chumash subsistence strategies, trading opportunities, and gender- task associations. In this two minute presentation, I will suggest some of the theoretical avenues that are currently being explored at the Museum in order to consider the wide range of factors which impacted these late Holocene interior dwellers in their choices of habitation sites and seasonal subsistence rounds. Current evidence from the site will be briefly reviewed

ROSENTHAL, Jeffrey Far Western Anthropological Research Group See WHITAKER, Adrian

ROUVIER, Hélène People’s Center Coordinator and Tribal Historic Preservation Officer, Karuk Tribe See GLEESON, Molly

SCHELL, Samantha Pacific Legacy, Inc. See HAGER, Lori

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SCHLAGHECK, John San Jose State University Obsidian Trade at Sand Hill Bluff • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. This presentation reports new radiocarbon dates, obsidian sourcing, and obsidian hydration data from the 2008 excavations at CA-SCA-7, aka Sand Hill Bluff, on the North Central Coast in Santa Cruz County. Tentative findings regarding the nature of obsidian trade and regional trade networks and affiliations during the Middle Period by Jones and Hildebrandt (1990) are tested.

SCHNIEDER, Joan Associate State Archaeologist, Colorado Desert District, California State Parks Cleaning Up Fish Traps: a Volunteer Collaborative Project at CA-RIV-10 • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Well-known cultural features, attributed to fishing during the time when Lake Cahuilla filled the Salton Trough, have been impacted in recent years by unknown persons who dumped artifact collections within and surrounding these features on ancient shorelines. That the artifacts were not original to the site was determined and a collaborative project focused on removing the illegally dumped artifacts was undertaken by volunteers and Riverside County cultural resources staff. Thousands of artifacts were collected (mostly ceramic, but also flaked stone, bone, and old glass) and will be distributed to institutions for educational purposes. Human remains were also found within the dumped materials.

SCHURR, Theodore G. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania OWINGS, Amanda Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania GAU, Lydia Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania GAIESKI, Jill B. Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania The Genographic Project Consortium Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania Genetic Diversity in Wiyot Populations of Northern California • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon As part of our exploration of Native North American population history, we have worked with Wiyot tribal communities in northern California. Conflicts with non-native settlers in the 19th century resulted in most Wiyot being decimated and dispossessed of their lands. Many of those who survived intermarried with neighboring groups, including the Yurok. The Yurok language is distantly related to Wiyot, and both to languages from the Algonquian language family, which is spoken across central and eastern North America. Through our analysis of mtDNA and Y-chromosome variation in Wiyot communities, we are able to add some insights into their genetic ancestry and their relationships to neighboring tribes in the region.

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SHEARER, Jim Bureauof Land Management AECOM See VARGAS, Benjamin

SHOLTS, Sabrina University of California, Berkeley Morphometric analysis of prehistoric crania from the northern California Channel Islands: Temporal changes in cranial morphology from the Early Holocene to European contact • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. In this study, 347 adult crania from the northern California Channel Islands were analyzed using landmark-based morphometric techniques and three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning technology. Each cranium was recorded with a 3D laser scanner, and Cartesian coordinates were collected from 25 landmarks on the resulting digital model. Shape differences between average landmark configurations of males and female crania for five temporal phases were assessed using generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) and Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA). Results revealed several temporal shifts in the morphology of the midfacial skeleton and cranial vault, possibly as the result of changes in environmental conditions and intermarriage over a time period of approximately 7,000 years.

SHOLTS, Sabrina University of California, Berkeley See WARMLANDER, Sebastian

SINGH MALHI, Ripan University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign An Anthropological Genetics Perspective of the Peopling of the Americas • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Analyzing patterns of genetic diversity from ancient and living groups to study the evolutionary history of the Americas has been a burgeoning field over the past two decades. Most of the research has focused on analyzing the control region (CR) of the mitochondrial genome and the non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY). Although these studies have been very informative, noticeable discontinuities exist between the conclusions made from these genetic studies and research analyzing archaeological and linguistic evidence. Recently, with the analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes and a panel of autosomal-wide genomic markers, more refined models about the evolutionary history of the Americas have been produced.

SINGH MALHI, Ripan University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign See BRITT SCHROEDER, Kari

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SLAYTON, Emma Pitzer College PERRY, Jennifer Pomona College Island Consumers: Evidence Of Imports On Santa Cruz Island • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Archaeological discussions of Chumash exchange have, in the past, placed emphasis on the production of shell beads on the Channel Islands and their circulation to the mainland. However, less attention has been given to the roles of islanders as consumers, as well as inter- island resource distribution. In this paper, we intend to fill in some of the gaps in our understanding of Chumash trade. Focusing on data collected from the interior of Santa Cruz Island, we will discuss raw materials and goods that were imported from the mainland as well as from elsewhere on the islands.

SMITH, Chelsea M. California State University Los Angeles KOWAL, Matt University of California Los Angeles GLENN, Ryan California State University Los Angeles SMITH, Kevin N. California State University Los Angeles VELLANOWETH, René L. Department of Anthropology, California State University Los Angeles University of California Los Angeles Isotopic Analysis of Dog Remains From San Nicolas Island, California • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Isotopic analysis provides an intimate look into the life styles of different organisms; issues such as diet and subsistence are an integral part of all species and an examination of such topics can provide an abundance of information. Preliminary results of isotopic analysis preformed on five dogs buried at the Tule Creek Village site (CA-SNI-25) on San Nicolas Island confirm a maritime based diet. Isotopic calculations involved determining 13C delta values and carbon/nitrogen ratios for each specimen. Our studies reveal these dogs were either fed by humans or scavenged directly from human refuse or offal piles.

SMITH, Chelsea M. California State University Los Angeles See SMITH, Kevin N.

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SMITH, David Glenn Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis The Potential of Studies of DNA to Inform the Prehistory of Native America • Plenary Session (Ballroom), Friday 9:00 – 11:30 a.m. Studies of DNA of modern Native Americans and their ancestors’ prehistoric remains have shed light on the events pertaining to the settlement of the Americas and the subsequent movement of prehistoric populations. These include studies of the homeland of Native Americans, the timing and route of migrations and patterns of divergence and admixture among populations. Use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction analysis, both traditional and next generation nucleotide sequencing of DNA, particularly mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), high throughput genotyping, whole genome analysis, DNA capture hybridization techniques and improvements in these methods have contributed to the success of these studies.

SMITH, David Glenn Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis See BRITT SCHROEDER, Kari See SNOW, Meradeth

SMITH, Erin California State University, Northridge DES LAURIERS, Matthew California State University, Northridge Re-Examining Social Systems in Southern Alta and Northern Baja California • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II), Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. While archaeologists have compared Chumash and Tongva social systems, Yuman-speaking peoples of southern Alta and northern Baja cannot be explained within the same comparative framework. Instead of a hierarchal sociopolitical organization, Yuman-speaking peoples likely exhibited a heterarchal organizational structure within a horizontally integrated regional system. This form of organization would have exhibited a dynamic and fluid configuration of social relations, functioning to maintain porous boundaries and decentralization within the region. Failure to identify the organization of Yuman-speaking peoples as heterarchal has significantly limited our understanding of the complexity of their social system.

SMITH, Erin M. California State University, Northridge & California State Parks Early Mortuary Variability in La Jolla, California • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. In the early 20th century, Malcolm Rogers of the San Diego Museum of Man recorded and excavated three coastal “Shell Midden people” sites in La Jolla, California. Subsequent excavations have revealed remains of over 100 individuals. Preliminary findings on grave good distributions and burial patterns suggest the existence of a dynamic sociocultural system in California beginning 10,000 years ago.

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SMITH, Kevin N. California State University Los Angeles KENDIG, William E. California State University Los Angeles SMITH, Chelsea M. California State University Los Angeles VELLANOWETH, René L. California State University Los Angeles The Use of Replicative Studies to Understand the Archaeological Record on San Nicolas Island, California • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Assigning function to artifacts of indeterminate use is often subjective and lacking in supporting data. Replicative studies may be used to test hypotheses and produce new data that can be used to investigate the production, use, and function of artifacts. In this paper we describe the manufacturing stages and functional linkages between various artifact classes found on San Nicolas Island California. Our studies have linked sandstone saws to the production of circular shell fishhooks as well as meta-volcanic picks to sandstone bowls and doughnut stones.

SMITH, Kevin N. California State University Los Angeles See SMITH, Chelsea M.

SNOW, Meradeth Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis SMITH, David Glenn Department of Anthropology, University of California, Davis Prehistory of the Southwest Region of the US and Its Relationship to Mesoamerica • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Previous ancient DNA research in the Southwest provides a framework to understand the Mimbres who maintained a unique identity in the archaeology of the this region of North America. The mitochondrial haplogroups of the skeletal remains of 46 Mimbres individuals from the southwestern New Mexico were identified. The haplogroup frequency distribution of the Mimbres generally resembles that of other Southwestern populations, suggesting a close relationship with neighboring peoples and population continuity for a long period of time. The HVI sequences of 32 samples could be determined and replicated. Unlike other modern and ancient Southwestern populations, the Mimbres share haplotypes with the Cora, Huichol, and Nahua, suggesting gene-flow from Mesoamerica.

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STARKEY, Anna AECOM DEIS, Richard AECOM Prehistory Reflected In Baked Clay • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. Recent analysis of vegetal-impressed clay fragments and formed clay artifacts from site CA- Sac-15/H along the lower Sacramento River provide new insights into resource exploitation, seasonality, and technological development during the last 1,100 years. While thermally altered clay is present throughout the period of occupation, a detailed analysis provides evidence for specific shifts in targeted resources, seasonality of use, and technology.

STRIPLEN, Chuck San Francisco Estuary Institute, Amah Mutsun Tribal Band See HYLKEMA, Mark

STRAYER, Sandra Humboldt State University Ribar High 2 Ground Stone Tool Analysis • General Session 3 (Salon III) , Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. In 2006 while grading for a timber harvesting road on a ridge near Fieldbrook, California, the work crew turned up a scatter of Native American lithics. The site, dubbed Ribar High 2, was subsequently surveyed with preliminary rescue excavation by the Center for Indian Community Development-Cultural Resources Facility (CICD-CRF) affiliated with Humboldt State University in Arcata, CA. Obsidian hydration dates show site use from 3246-259 YBP. This presentation focuses on the ground stone artifacts recovered. Lab analysis and methodology are emphasized with the intent to illuminate subsistence, craft, and settlement patterns.

SUTTON, Elizabeth A. Senior Archaeology Technician, The John Cooper Center, California State Uni KNELL, Edward J. Assistant Professor and Curator, The John Cooper Center, California State U A Model Curation Plan for the Orange County Archaeological and Paleontological Curation Facility/ John Cooper Center • General Session 5 (Salon I/II), Saturday 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. Orange County awarded California State University Fullerton a contract to develop and begin implementing a model curation program for the County’s archaeological and paleontological collections. In the midst of California’s curation crisis, the model curation program is intended to be a viable system for the future curation of Orange County’s resources. With the opening of the Cooper Center, we review the goals of the model curation program and how the center is working with its partners (CSU Fullerton, the County of Orange, Native American communities, O.C. communities, donors, volunteers, interns, scientists, museum professionals, and CRM companies) to insure the long term sustainability of the facility.

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SWOPE, Karen K. Statistical Research See CIOLEK-TORRELLO, Richard

TEETER, Wendy G. Curator of Archaeology, Fowler Museum at UCLA • Forum 1 (Salon 1) Friday, 1:00 – 4:00 p.m.

TIPON, Nick Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria NAGPRA: A Unique Approach (The Tribal Persperctive) • General Session 5 (Salon I/II), Saturday 1:00 – 2:30 p.m. The NAGPRA consultations to repatriate human remains, funerary objects and items of cultural patrimony between the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria and San Francisco State University has been a complex process, incorporating very divergent views. Tribal cultural needs, research interests, institutional needs and practical considerations have all come together in a repatriation plan addressing the needs of all parties. The Tribe’s participation in the process, its position on the issues and how decisions were made will be discussed.

TUSHINGHAM, Shannon Elk Valley Rancheria, California, and UC Davis Anthropology Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence Intensification and the Development of Plank House Villages in Northwestern California • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. In northwestern California, the emergence of plank house villages by 1250 cal B.P. is linked to a rapid, qualitative shift in hunter-gatherer adaptive strategies, a development likely associated with an expansion of northern peoples into the region. Intensive foraging strategies (emphasizing bulk harvest, mass capture and large scale storage) developed and spread quickly due to the competitive advantage of sedentary groups laying claim to productive resource patches. Despite the enormous potential of anadromous fish, foragers seem to have chosen to intensify acorns by 3100 BP, while the mass harvest of salmon was delayed until the appearance of plank houses.

TUSHINGHAM, Shannon Elk Valley Rancheria, California, and UC Davis Anthropology From Pilot Ridge to River Valley? Settlement-Subsistence Change in Northwestern California • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. The Pilot Ridge excavations led Hildebrandt and Hayes to hypothesize that changing environmental circumstances forced a shift from upland sites to lowland river basins around 3000 B.P., when mass harvest/ storage of salmon and acorns became important. This in situ development model fundamentally altered our view of northwestern California prehistory—

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offering completely different predictions than earlier migration models, which argued for a very late development of the ethnographic pattern (post 1300 B.P.) associated with intrusions of Athabascan and Algonquian speaking peoples. This paper summarizes findings designed to test these contrasting notions at sites along the Smith River.

TUSHINGHAM, Shannon Elk Valley Rancheria, California, and UC Davis Anthropolog See ARPAIA, Angela See BENCZE, Jennifer

VALENTIN, Sylvere Department of Anthropology, California State University, Los Angeles Prehistoric Population Replacement on California’s Channel Islands • Symposium 2 (Salon IV), Saturday 8:00 – 12:00 noon Prehistoric population replacement on California’s Channel Islands was investigated to determine if such an event occurred and if so at what point in time. This study was based on craniometric, mitochondrial DNA and carbon-dating analyses of a previously unstudied skeletal collection from the Channel Islands and nearby mainland obtained by Leon De Céssac between 1877 and 1879 and curated at the Musée de l’Homme in Paris. Overall results indicate that two distinctive populations existed on the Channel Islands in prehistoric times.

VAN BUEREN, Thad Retrospect Research Putting Charmstones in Context: A View from CCO-548 • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. A wide variety of shaped stones from central California sites have been classified as charmstones, but those objects remain enigmatic and few have been precisely dated. Recent investigations at CCO-548 recovered 68 charmstones and preforms. Nearly 40% came from grave lots dated between 1862-1423 BC. Those finds are compared to other collections in an effort to refine regional understandings of their age, manufacture, function, and broader cultural implications. Analysis of the CCO-548 charmstones provides insight into the pattern of warfare and competition for access to resources by the competing Windmiller and Berkeley cultures often characterized as the Meganos Aspect.

VAN DEN HAZELKAMP, Alette Laguna Mountain Environmental Tides of Change: Environmental Shifts in the Mission Bay Area • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. San Diego and Mission Bay are assumed to have experienced coastal decline differently than the smaller lagoons along the central San Diego County coast. Geological, historical, and new and existing archaeological data are used to examine environmental changes in the Mission Bay area. Marine shell data from the Rinconada de Jamo site (CA-SDI-5017) and other sites around

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Mission Bay are used to get insight in the adaptation of the Native Americans to these environmental changes, settlement dynamics, and to compare the area to nearby lagoons and bays.

VARGAS, Benjamin AECOM (GARFINKEL) GOLD, Alan AECOM SHEARER, Jim Bureauof Land Management AECOM Piles of Rock: Rock Cluster Features in the Western Mojave Desert; Antiquity, Use and Distribution • General Session 1 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Friday 1:00 – 4:30 p.m. Recent energy-related projects throughout the western Mojave Desert have seen large areas surveyed for cultural resources. Research from many of these surveys has identified rock-cluster features at many sites, sometimes in large numbers. Alternative hypotheses have been proposed relating the function of these features to toolstone heat treatment or the processing of small game and/or plants and seeds. In this paper, we discuss the vast body of literature relating to these feature types and present new data from recent studies in the western Mojave Desert region including a comparative examination of their attributes and spatial distributions.

VELLANOWETH, Rene California State University, Los Angeles See GREENAWAY, Brendon See HAND, Annamarie H. See KNIERIM, Rebekka, G See SMITH, Chelsea M. See SMITH, Kevin N. See WHISTLER, Emily L.

VILLANEA, Fernando School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University See MONROE, Cara

VON DER PORTEN, Edward Reminiscences of Excavating at Coyote Hills under Dr. Adan E. Treganza in the late 1950s • Symposium 6 (Santa Rosa/Sonoma), Sunday 8:00 – 12:00 noon This presentation focuses on the nature of archaeology in the late 1950s, and what it was like to know and work for Dr. Adan E. “Trig” Treganza. It will include an overview of the techniques used in 1957 to excavate with pick, shovel and trowels in the hard soils of ALA-328. While the priority was the burials and their artifact complexes, rather than lone artifacts, these too were recorded.

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VOSS, Barbara L. Stanford University, Department of Anthropology

Reflections on Community Diversity • Forum 3 (Bodega/Cotati), Saturday 8:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon

When archaeologists address the diversity of communities in the past, we are confronted with the diversity of communities in the present. I will reflect on my experience working with communities during 2002 – 2010 excavations at El Polin Springs in the Presidio of San Francisco and on the Market Street Chinatown Archaeology Project in San Jose.

WALKER, Mark ASC, Sonoma State University “Manliness is the backbone of our nature”: Masculinity and Class Identity among 19th- Century Railroad Workers in West Oakland, California • Symposium 4 (Salon IV), Sunday 9:00 a.m.– 12:00 noon Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries changing, and sometimes conflicting, ideas of masculinity played out in how working class men formed common identities among themselves, and how they interacted with others, on the shop floor and in their neighborhoods and homes. These gendered identities form a basis for solidarity and exclusion. I consider the relationship between gender and class identities in the late 19th-century, focusing on skilled male railroad workers in West Oakland. During this period the craft unions articulated a vision of “respectable masculinity” that was intended to replace prevailing notions of masculinity centered on homosociality and hard drinking. This paper examines the impact of these conflicting visions.

WALKER, Mark Anthropological Studies Center See MASSEY, Sandra

WARMLANDER, Sebastian Stockholm University SHOLTS, Sabrina University of California, Berkeley ERLANDSON, Jon M. Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon GJERDRUM,Thor Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara WESTERHOLM, Roger Department of Analytical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University Ancient Bitumen Use and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure: A Potential Factor in the Health Decline of Prehistoric California Indians • General Session 2 (Salon I/II), Saturday 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Bitumen, or asphaltum, has been used by the California Chumash since ancient times as an adhesive, as medicine, and as a water-proofing agent for canoes and basketry. Bitumen is

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mainly composed of hydrocarbons, whose negative health effects to humans are well known. As the Chumash increased their use of bitumen over time, also their exposure to harmful hydrocarbons would have increased. Our measurements of excavated skeletons from prehistoric Channel Island cemeteries show decreasing stature among the Chumash populations over 7,000 years. Given previous research showing reduced birth length in infants exposed to hydrocarbons, increased bitumen exposure may explain the observed health decrease among the Channel Island populations.

WEIGEL, Lawrence E. Lessons Learned from Pilot Ridge after 30 Years • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. This presentation recounts six lessons drawn from a retrospective view of 37 years of my experiences living near, working on and investigating the archaeology of the Pilot Ridge / South Fork Mountain area and then revisiting it in August of 2010.

WEST, G. James University of California, Davis Pilot Ridge Region Pollen Records: A thirty year retrospect • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. In the late 1970’s, pioneering Quaternary pollen studies associated with archaeological research were begun in Northwestern California including the Pilot Ridge region. In light of research since that time, my discussion will focus on the scale and resolution of the pollen record in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Finally, I plan to (1) summarize what was learned, (2) discuss why paleoenvironmental studies, particularly vegetation change, are so critical to California archaeology and, (3) comment on the potential for further research.

WESTERHOLM, Roger Department of Analytical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University See WARMLANDER, Sebastian

WESTPHAL, Christa University of Califoria, Sacramento See DOERING, Brandy

WHATFORD, J. Charles California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection See DEGEORGEY, Alex

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WHELAN, Carly University of California, Davis Prehistoric patterns of mobility and trade in the Sierra Nevada foothills • General Session 3 (Salon III), Saturday 8:00 – 11:15 a.m. The results of lithic raw material sourcing analysis can be used to reconstruct prehistoric mobility and trade patterns. Using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, I have sourced obsidian artifacts from ten prehistoric sites that span more than 5,000 years of hunter-gatherer occupation in the western Sierra Nevada foothills of California. The results of the analysis reveal temporal and spatial differences among the sites in the obsidian sources represented in their assemblages. This suggests that the people of the region underwent a diachronic change in mobility pattern and increased their participation in obsidian trade networks with groups east of the Sierra Nevada.

WHELAN, Carly University Of California Davis Modeling Hunter-Gatherer Mobility Strategies: An Application of the Marginal Value Theorem • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. The Marginal Value Theorem can be used to predict the frequency with which a hunter-gatherer group should practice residential mobility by calculating the optimal residency time at base camps in different environments, given the types of food included in the diet. As the diet changes over time, the model can be used to predict how mobility should shift accordingly. An application of the Marginal Value Theorem to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada reveals that changes in diet breadth can account for abrupt changes in settlement patterns documented in the archaeological record.

WHISTLER, Emily L. California State University, Los Angeles ALLEN, Jennie A. California State University, Los Angeles AINIS, Amira F. California State University, Los Angeles VELLANOWETH, René L. California State University, Los Angeles The Importance of Birds: Determining Natural vs. Cultural Deposition at Cave of the Chimneys (CA-SMI-603), San Miguel Island • General Poster Session 2 (Chardonnay/Vineyard), Saturday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. This poster presents taphonomic studies of avian remains from Cave of the Chimneys, a rockshelter on SMI spanning 6,000 years of human occupation. Specimens were identified and quantified using NISP, MNI, and dry weight. Unidentifiable and non-diagnostic elements were categorized by size. All specimens were analyzed for signs of heat treatment, cut marks, and other modifications that could indicate purposeful use by humans. Bones were also analyzed for natural breakage patterns and stages of weathering. Ethnographic accounts were consulted to

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provide a base-line for understanding which species were targeted by humans. Distinguishing between naturally and culturally deposited bird remains contributes to our understanding of depositional processes.

WHITAKER, Adrian Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. ROSENTHAL, Jeffrey Far Western Anthropological Research Group In Situ and Rapid Adaptive Shifts in the Prehistoric Central Sierra Nevada • Symposium 1 (Salon III), Friday 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. The record in California is replete with examples of sudden shifts in subsistence economy, particularly within the past 1,500 years. The tacit assumption is that shifts from simple forager adaptations to highly intensified, energy-maximizing economies occurred similarly across the state. However, studies in the Great Central Valley, the San Francisco Bay Area, and along the Southern Coast document intensive subsistence economies going back several thousand years. Why, then, were other regions so slow to adopt intensified subsistence economies? We attempt to answer this question through an examination of the ecological and historical data.

WIBERG, Randy Holman and Associates See GUIDARA, Andrea See MARKS,Jennifer

WILEY, Anastasia Nancy Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. MOGES, Rezenet Scientific Resource Surveys, Inc. An Inclusive Typology Matrix for Californian and Chilean Cogged Stones • Organized poster 1 (Salon II), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. This poster will describe a new method of calibrating typological shapes for describing both Californian and Chilean cogged stone artifacts. Several caches containing unconventionally shaped cogged stones were discovered by SRS, Inc during archaeological investigations on Bolsa Chica Mesa. Instead of describing them with an arbitrary label, a matrix was developed to provide a standard descriptive typology incorporating any odd-shaped cogged stone. Borrowing an identification system from Paleontology, this matrix registers two-dimensional shapes [or plan views] by three levels of radiates based on the length of extensions from the body of the artifact. The model also provides a diagrammatic aid for basic three-dimensional shape descriptions.

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WILSON, Ken Ken Wilson CRM Consulting Pilot Ridge Project: Setting the Stage • Symposium 3 (Salon IV), Saturday 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. The Pilot Ridge Archaeological Project was undertaken during the early 1980s and presented many challenges to the responsible federal agency, Six Rivers National Forest, and the archaeological community in implementing the project. This presentation will provide a glimpse into how the challenges were addressed in implementing a new approach to large scale data recovery of significant archaeological resources.

WOHLGEMUTH, Eric Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Inc. Modeling Settlement and Obsidian Production in the Napa Region • General Session 6 (Salon I/II), Saturday 2:30-4:45 p.m. Over the past decade several important excavations have been conducted by Far Western at habitation sites, lithic scatters, and an obsidian quarry in the Napa region. These data are used in modeling settlement/subsistence and obsidian production for the last four millennia, spanning the Middle Archaic to the Recent Prehistoric.

YOHE II, Robert M. California State University, Bakersfield See ROGERS, Alexander K.

ZABORSKY, Erik Bureau of Land Management Hollister Two Unusual Bedrock Mortar Sites in Southern San Benito County • Symposium 5 (Salon I/II) , Sunday 9:00 – 10:00 a.m. Results from monitoring a previously known archeological site and a general reconnaissance after a small wildfire (the Coalinga Fire) revealed two bedrock mortar complexes in southern San Benito County. The parent bedrock material at either site is atypical for region in comparison to the previously recorded archeological sites with bedrock mortar features.