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Microbiological and Biochemical Aspects of Inland Pecorino
Received: 10 November 2016 Microbiological and Revised: 23 January 2017 Accepted: biochemical aspects of inland 21 February 2017 Heliyon 3 (2017) e00258 Pecorino Abruzzese cheese Valeria Centi, Federica Matteucci, Aldo Lepidi, Maddalena Del Gallo, Claudia Ercole * Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Coppito, L’Aquila 67010, Italy * Corresponding author at: Dipartimento MeSVA, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio − 67010 Coppito − L’Aquila, Italy. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Ercole). Abstract Little is known on physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of “Pecorino” Abruzzese cheese in L’Aquila province, an artisanal cheese produced from ewe raw full-cream milk. Three batches of inland “Pecorino” Abruzzese cheese were examined for microbiological, compositional, biochemical and sensory characteristics at the aim of isolating and storing in a bacterial collection, indigenous strain to preserve the microbial biodiversity present in this cheese, to a possible definition of a PDO. Cheese samples from three dairies, at different stages of production were collected and 148 colonies were characterized. Physicochemical assays, species-specific PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the majority of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates were Enterococcus faecium and En. faecalis. They were highly prevalent, accounting for 48% of the isolates. The lactic microflora consisted of lactobacilli and lactococci from the species Lactobacillus plantarum (12.2%), Lactobacillus brevis (10.1%), Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (11.5%), respectively. Urea-PAGE electrophoresis showed extensive degradation of αS1-casein (CN) and moderate hydrolysis of β-CN. Formation of γ-CNs from β-CN were highlighted. RP-HPLC profiles of the ethanol-soluble and ethanol-insoluble fractions of the pH http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00258 2405-8440/© 2017 The Authors. -
Ridge Vineyards, Inc
RIDGE VINEYARDS, INC. SCHEDULE OF WINE PRICES TO WHOLESALERS CONNECTICUT CURRENT PRODUCTS SIZE FOB PRICES Ridge California Monte Bello 2004 750ml/3 $525.00 Ridge California Monte Bello 2005 750ml/3 $487.50 Ridge California Monte Bello 1995 750ml/3 $750.00 Ridge Cabernet Sauvignon Estate, VV 375ml/12 $192.00 Ridge Cabernet Sauvignon Estate, VV 750ml/12 $360.00 Ridge Cabernet Sauvignon Estate, VV 1.5L/6 $369.00 Ridge Chardonnay Estate, VV 375ml/12 $180.00 Ridge Chardonnay Estate, VV 750ml/12 $330.00 Ridge East Bench Zinfandel, VV 750ml/12 $192.00 Ridge Estate Merlot, VV 750ml/12 $330.00 Ridge Geyserville, VV 750ml/12 $264.00 Ridge Geyserville, VV 375ml/12 $144.00 Ridge Geyserville, VV 1.5L/6 $273.00 Ridge Geyserville, VV 3L/1 $106.00 Ridge Geyserville 2009 12/750ml $360.00 Ridge Lytton Springs, VV 375ml/12 $144.00 Ridge Lytton Springs, VV 750ml/12 $264.00 Ridge Lytton Springs, VV 1.5L/6 $273.00 Ridge Lytton Springs, VV 3L/1 $106.00 Ridge Lytton Springs 2009 12/750ml $360.00 Ridge Lytton Estate Petite Sirah, VV 750ml/12 $240.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2012 750ml/3 $277.50 Ridge Monte Bello 2015 375ml/12 $660.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2015 1.5L/3 $649.50 Ridge Monte Bello 2015 3L/1 $465.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2013 750ml/3 $277.50 Ridge Monte Bello 2013 375ml/12 $570.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2013 1.5L/3 $559.50 Ridge Monte Bello 2013 3L/1 $405.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2014 750ml/3 $300.00 Ridge Monte Bello 2015 750ml/3 $322.50 Ridge Monte Bello Chardonnay, VV 12/750ml $450.00 Ridge Pagani Ranch Zinfandel, VV 750ml/12 $240.00 Ridge Paso Robles Zinfandel, VV 750ml/12 -
A California Wine Primer
part one A California Wine Primer Olken_Ch00_FM.indd 1 7/13/10 12:07:51 PM Olken_Ch00_FM.indd 2 7/13/10 12:07:52 PM A Brief History of Wine in California more than two hundred years after Spanish missionaries brought vine cuttings with them from Mexico’s Baja California and established the first of the California missions in San Diego, researchers at Madrid’s National Biotechnical Center, using DNA techniques, have traced those first vines back to a black grape that seems to be a dark-colored relative of the Palomino grape still in use for the production of Sherry. That humble beginning may not seem like it would have much to do with today’s bur- geoning wine industry, but the fact is that the Mission variety became the vine of choice in California as its population grew first through the arrival of trappers and wealthy landowners, then with the small but steady stream of wagon trains that came west out of the country’s heartland and the establishment in the 1840s of the clipper ship trade. By the time the trans- continental railroad was completed in 1869, California’s wine economy had become established, and despite world wars and periods in which the sale of alcohol was banned, the industry hung on and finally exploded into its current shape with the wine boom of the 1970s. Today, the Mission grape is gone, but the wine industry it helped spawn now boasts over a half million acres of wine grapes from one end of the state to the other. -
Pecorino Colline Pescaresi Igp - 2020 Region: Italy - Abruzzo
Tiberio PECORINO COLLINE PESCARESI IGP - 2020 REGION: ITALY - ABRUZZO THE WINE Vineyard Profile Pecorino is an ancient variety that has always called the mountainous Appennine ridges of the Marche and Abruzzo its home. A low yielding variety due to sterility of the basal buds, over the centuries farmers shied away from it preferring instead to plant easier to grow, more productive varieties. Therefore Pecorino was all but forgotten, and nearly extinct by the 1970s. Times change and today high yields are less important than they once were: modern day wine lovers now clamor for high quality grape varieties. Capable of giving distinctive wines, and Pecorino fills that bill nicely. The grape is characterized by essentially round leaves and small round very thick skinned berries. The wine is rich in glycerol but also endowed with high total acidity, thereby offering a unique combination of texture and vibrancy. In fact, TIBERIO Pecorino wines have become so popular that much Pecorino has been planted The story of Azienda Agricola Tiberio rings recently, however the grape variety always performs best in hilly vineyard sites more like a new world tale than one from rather than flatland areas, which are not its natural habitat. the old world of the ancient lands • Category: Pecorino IGP beneath the Majella and Gran Sasso • Total area under vine: 3 ha / 7.41 acres mountains in Abruzzo. At 350 meters, • Altitude: 350 meters twenty three miles inland from the • Soils: Limestone with marly-gravel subsoil seaside city of Pescara near the hillside • Average vine age: 20 years town of Cugnoli, Riccardo Tiberio found • Vine Training System: Guyot an old plot of Trebbiano Abruzzese vines • Density: 4000 vines/ha roughly 50 years old so impressive that he • Yield: 55 hl decided to change his and his family’s destiny. -
Licensed Importers for Alcoholic Beverages
STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL LICENSED IMPORTERS FOR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES Alphabetically by City Within County The firms on this list are licensed to import alcoholic beverages in accordance with the types of licenses held. No other licenses authorize importation of alcoholic beverages under the California Alcoholic Beverage Control Act. "9" Licenses authorize importation of beer and wine. "10" Licenses authorize importation of beer and wine. "11" Licenses authorize importation of brandy only. "12" Licenses authorize importation of all distilled spirits. "13" Licenses authorize importation of all distilled spirits. "14" Licenses authorize delivery of all alcoholic beverages consigned to custom broker's "15" license. "15" Licenses authorize delivery of all alcoholic beverages in United States internal revenue bond or United States custom bond at the premises of a "14" licensed public warehouse. "19" Licenses authorize importation of undenatured ethyl alcohol only. ABC-580 (12/95) 21‐Aug‐2013 California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control Page 1 Licensed Importers in ALAMEDA County File Lic Primary Licensee DBA Num Types Prem Street Address Mailing Address ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 502688 09 VINACCESS INTERNATIONAL LLC VINACCESS INTERNATIONAL 636 SANDALWOOD ISLE ALAMEDA, CA 94501-5642 290538 09 ODDLOTS WINE SHOP INC 1025 SAN PABLO AVE ALBANY, CA 94706 516769 09 AEMILIA IMPORTS LLC 564 SAN LUIS RD BERKELEY, CA 94707-1743 484419 09 FOX -
Pecorino Colline Pescaresi Igp - 2018 Region: Italy - Abruzzo
Tiberio PECORINO COLLINE PESCARESI IGP - 2018 REGION: ITALY - ABRUZZO GRAPES / SOILS Wine Blend Vine Age Soil Type Vineyard Area ha or acres Pecorino Pecorino 18 years Limestone 3 Colline massal average with a marly- Pecaresi IGP selection gravel subsoil TIBERIO THE WINE The story of Azienda Agricola Tiberio rings Vineyard Profile more like a new world tale than one from Pecorino is an ancient variety that has always called the Appennine ridges of the the old world of the ancient lands Marche and Abruzzo its home. A low yielding variety due to sterility of the basal beneath the Majella and Gran Sasso buds, over the centuries farmers shied away from it preferring instead to plant mountains in Abruzzo. At 350 meters, easier to grow, more productive varieties. Therefore Pecorino was all but twenty three miles inland from the forgotten, and nearly extinct by the 1970s. Times change, and today high yields are seaside city of Pescara near the hillside less important than they once were; modern day wine lovers now clamor for high town of Cugnoli, Riccardo Tiberio found quality grape varieties. Capable of giving distinctive wines, Pecorino fills that bill an old plot of Trebbiano Abruzzese vines nicely. roughly 50 years old so impressive that he The grape characteristics are essentially round leaves and small, round, very thick decided to change his and his family’s skinned berries. The wine is rich in glycerol but also endowed with high total destiny. acidity, offering a unique combination of texture and vibrancy. Pecorino wines have become so popular that much Pecorino has been planted recently, however the grape variety always performs best in hilly vineyard sites, its natural habitat. -
Trentadue History
TRENTADUE HISTORY ARRIVING IN SONOMA COUNTY The Trentadue family arrived in Sonoma County long before the region gained a reputation as the Wine Country. Life-long, hands-on agriculturists, Evelyn and Leo Trentadue contributed significantly to the advancement of their region over the years. In 1959, the Trentadues decided to flee the developers encroaching on their apricot and cherry orchards in Sunnyvale, the area known today around the world as Silicon Valley. To preserve their way of life, these hard-working Italian ranchers purchased 208 acres of land in Sonoma County’s then remote Alexander Valley. There was little market for the region’s dry-farmed apples, prunes, pears, and grapes in the late 1950s, so land was cheap and plentiful. Scores of ranches were for sale but, because it was blessed with an excellent combination of climate, soil, and water, Leo settled on a special piece of property in the heart of the Alexander Valley. Little did he know what this ranch had once been, much less what it was to become. The piece of land, which is now home to Trentadue Winery, has a remarkable history. In 1868, a French botanist named Andrew Bouton established Heart’s Desire Nursery on this excellent site east of the railroad tracks. With a passion for breeding new and improved strains of fruit trees, Bouton devoted himself to plant propagation, becoming a major supplier of young tree stock to orchardists throughout the western United States. His reputation attracted the attention of a young man named Luther Burbank who visited Bouton frequently. Influenced by Bouton, Burbank conducted his own work in nearby Sebastopol and Santa Rosa. -
Project INTRA: Regional State of Affairs Report Abruzzo (Italy)
Project INTRA: Regional State of Affairs report Abruzzo (Italy) CAPITANK. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Innovation Tank November 2017 Project INTRA: Regional State of Affairs – CAPITANK | 1 / 42 REGIONAL STATE OF AFFAIRS PP6 - CAPITANK Chemical and Pharmaceutical Innovation Tank I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRA project (PGI01464) is funded within the first call of the INTERREG EUROPE Pro- gramme of the European Commission (EC), under the policy topic Competitiveness of SMEs. It focuses on the role of public authorities in creating internationalisation services to support the competitiveness of the regional economies and thus contribute to the Europe 2020 strat- egy. The project duration is five years (from 01.04.2016 to 31.03.2021) and the total grant is 1.640.062 EUR. INTRA partners are from six different EU28 member states: • Maribor Development Agency (SIovenia), • Regional Agency for Entrepreneurship and Innovations – Varna (Bulgaria), • Foundation FUNDECYT Scientific and Technological Park of Extremadura (Spain), • University of Algarve (Portugal), • Coventry University Enterprises Limited (United Kingdom), • Capitank - Innovation Pole in Chemical and Pharmaceutical (Italy) Partners are supported by the Managing Authorities for ERDF in their countries/regions and represent the active stakeholders in internationalisation. The objectives of INTRA are to pro- vide comprehensive mapping, evaluation and benchmarking of various internationalisation services available across the regions, highlight good practices/gaps that promote/impede on SMEs at various stages of the internationalisation process. Upon the selection of GP the viable strategies/instruments to enhance good practices and address gaps within the region- al development programmes will be elaborated and described in the Policy recommendations and implemented in the regional Action plans as to contribute to the internationalisation poli- cies aligned to the needs of SMEs and gaps not filled by the existing instruments. -
RIDGE VINEYARDS, INC. 2019 Vintage at Monte Bello Winery
2019 Vintage at Monte Bello Winery Following the dry winter of 2018, the heavy rains of 2019 were welcome. A moderately strong El Nino formed in the eastern Pacific, which intensified storms and directed their energy at California. Monte Bello received sixty-five inches of rain for the season, twice our average amount. It rained often, but not torrentially as the weather systems moved through. It allowed for good absorption into the subsoil avoiding erosion while replenishing underground water reserves. Once spring arrived, there was explosive growth of grass and cover-crop that helped with drawing excess water out of the ground. This was followed by frequent mowing which prevented nutrients being pulled away from the vines. Our Sonoma County vineyards received a larger amount of rain than did Monte Bello. The ground was saturated with water through late spring. Having great drainage in these vineyards was essential for inducing water stress later in the growing season. Once summer arrived, it brought several lengthy heat waves between June and July. This accelerated the growing season and energized the vines into extending their shoots and filling out canopies, growing inches by the day. For most vineyards, flowering occurred during calm weather. Clusters were full and abundant. The merlot parcels at Monte Bello were the only ones that got caught by bad weather during bloom. Their clusters had a lot of shatter resulting in great concentration but unusually low yields. Throughout August and September, despite bursts of heat, cold foggy weather slowed ripening. Our first pick was done on August 23rd, bringing in the old vine carignan from the Evangleho vineyard in Contra Costa County. -
Antipasti Antipasti Misti Formaggi Salumi Pizze
ANTIPASTI Burrata, Honey Roasted Acorn Squash, Meet our producers… Toasted Hazelnut, Pine Cone Syrup, olive, Grilled Crostini (CN) 14 Pio Tosini has been producing Mussels Pomodoro, White Wine, Garlic, Prosciutto di Parma in the town of Langhirano since 1905 when Ferrante Chilies, Gnoccho Frito 17 Tosini started his business curing pork. Sardinian Stuffed Eggplant, Roasted Red It is still a family business, carried on by Peppers, Zucchini, Garlic & Basil (GF) 12 his great, great grandson, Giovanni. We Beluga Black Lentil Soup, Modena consider it to be the best Prosciutto di Cotechino Pork Sausage (GF) 10 Parma produced today. Tuscan Kale Salad, Garlic, Parmigiano Reggiano Valserena has Cannellini Bean, Bread Crumb (DF) 12 been produced by the Serra family in Arugula & Parmigiano Reggiano Salad, Emilia Romagna for 15 years. They raise Hazelnut, Castello di Ama Olive Oil 200 Bruna Alpina brown cows which Olivewood Balsamico (CN) 12 produce a low yield, rich milk. There Tuna Carpaccio, Watercress Salad, are only four brown cow producers of Tonnato Sauce (GF, DF) 19 Parmigiano and the Serra family produces less than 8 wheels per day. Eagles Nest Ranch Wagyu Beef Carne They age the cheese for a minimum of Cruda, Garlic, Truffle Aioli, Shaved Truffles, Grilled Crostini (DF) 22 24 months to gain their trademark sweet, delicate cheese, with a golden Sicilian Citrus Salad, Red Onion, Olives, yellow color. Lemon Oil, Pistachio (CN) 13 Castello di Ama produces a lively, peppery olive oil in a small hamlet nestled among gentle Tuscan hills, in ANTIPASTI MISTI the Chianti Classico region. It is of Chef Selection of 15 exceptional quality and adds a unique Antipasti, Formaggi & Salumi (CN) finish to our cuisine. -
Pecorino Vertical Review
TIBERIO Tiberio Pecorino Colline Pescaresi 2005 - 2018 Vinous – Ian D’Agata January 2020 he twists and turns that characterize the human of most Trebbiano varieties). Only after sending samples to condition have an uncanny way of making great a local nursery did they learn that they also owned vines of things happen from unexpected circumstances. So Pecorino, something nobody had mentioned at the time of Tcall it luck or destiny, but one of Italy’s best-buy wines was the estate sale. The Tiberio siblings aren’t sure who first born from a casual stroll in the vineyards, now 20 years ago. decided to plant Pecorino among the Trebbiano Abruzzese That vineyard walk led Abruzzo’s Tiberio winery, now run vines on the estate, but it was most likely Silvio Tinozzi, who by second-generation Tiberio siblings Antonio (the owned the property back in the first part of the 20th century viticulturist) and Cristiana (the winemaker), to begin (he was a descendant of the Tinozzi family that owned much production of a multi-award-winning Pecorino wine. In fact, of the land around Cugnoli, the town where the Tiberio estate founder Riccardo Tiberio (Antonio and Cristiana’s father) is located). had bought the property in 1999 because of the extremely old vines surrounding the house that he recognized as authentic In Italy, it was once common for farmers to hedge their bets Trebbiano Abruzzese. Despite its name Trebbiano by co-planting different varieties in the same vineyard plot. Abruzzese (a very high-quality native variety) is not As different cultivars ripen at different times and are more or common in Abruzzo anymore, so being able to buy old vines less susceptible to different diseases, locals always believed, of it is a major coup. -
Native Grapes by Region
NATIVE GRAPES BY REGION VALLE D’AOSTA Uva Rara Whites Vespolina Malvasia Istriana Reds Picolit Cornalin Whites Ribolla Gialla Fumin Moscato Bianco Tocai Friulano Mayolet Verdea Verduzzo Friulano Nebbiolo (Picotener) Vitovska Petit Rouge Prëmetta (Prié Rouge) TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE Vuillermin Reds LIGURIA Whites Enantio Reds Moscato Bianco Lagrein Dolcetto (Ormeasco) Prié Marzemino Rossese Moscato Rosa Schiava family Whites PIEDMONT Teroldego Albarola Bosco Reds Whites Pigato Barbera Moscato Giallo Vermentino Brachetto Nosiola Croatina Dolcetto EMILIA-ROMAGNA Freisa VENETO Reds Grignolino Barbera Malvasia di Casorzo Reds Centesimino Malvasia di Schierano Casetta Lambrusco family Moscato Bianco Corvina Sangiovese Moscato Nero Corvinone Uva Longanesi Nebbiolo Croatina Pelaverga family Molinara Whites Ruché Raboso family Albana Uva Rara Rondinella Pignoletto Vespolina Whites Malvasia di Candia Aromatica Whites Durella Trebbiano Romagnolo Arneis Garganega Cortese Glera Erbaluce Marzemina Bianca TUSCANY Moscato Bianco Moscato family Reds Nascetta Verdicchio (Trebbiano di Aleatico Timorasso Soave) Canaiolo Nero Vermentino (Favorita) Verdiso Vespaiola Ciliegiolo Colorino family LOMBARDY Malvasia Nera family FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA Sangiovese Reds Barbera Reds Whites Croatina Pignolo Ansonica Groppello family Refosco family Biancone Moscato di Scanzo Schioppettino Malvasia Bianca Lunga Nebbiolo (Chiavennasca) Tazzelenghe Moscato Bianco Trebbiano Toscano Whites BASILICATA Vernaccia di San Gimignano Montonico Bianco Reds Pecorino Aglianico UMBRIA Trebbiano