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The Naturalistic Fallacy and Natural Law Methodology
The Naturalistic Fallacy and Natural Law Methodology W. Matthews Grant It is customary to divide contemporary natural law theorists-at least those working broadly within the Thomistic tradition-into two main camps. In one camp are those such as John Finnis, Germain Grisez and Robert George, who deny that a natural law ethics need base itself on premises supplied by a methodologically prior philosophical anthropol ogy. According to these thinkers, practical reason, when reflecting on experience and considering possible ends of action, grasps in a non-in ferential act of understanding certain basic goods that ought to be pursued. Since these goods are not deduced, demonstrated, or derived from prior premises, they provide a set of self-evident or per se nota primary pre cepts from which all other precepts of the natural law may be derived. Because these primary precepts or basic goods are self-evident, natural law theorizing need not wait on the findings of anthropologists and phi losophers of human nature. 1 A rival school of natural law ethicists, comprised of such thinkers as Russell Bittinger, Ralph Mcinerny, Henry Veatch andAnthony Lisska, rejects the claims of Finnis and his colleagues for the autonomy of natural law I. For major statements and defenses of this position see John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, I980); Germain Grisez, The Way of the Lord Jesus~ vol. I, Christian Moral Principles (Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, I983);. Robert P. George, "Recent Criticism of Natural Law -
Ethics of the (Un)Natural
Ethics of the (un)natural Start date 22nd January 2017 Time 10:00am – 16:45pm Venue Madingley Hall Madingley Cambridge Tutor Anna Smajdor Course code 1617NDX055 Director of Programmes Emma Jennings Public Programme Coordinator, Clare Kerr For further information on this course, please contact [email protected] or 01223 746237 To book See: www.ice.cam.ac.uk or telephone 01223 746262 Tutor biography Anna is Associate Professor of Practical Philosophy at the University of Oslo. Prior to that, she was Ethics Lecturer at Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia. She has been offering philosophy courses at ICE for several years on themes related to her research interests, such as 'Ethics of the (Un)natural' in 2016/17. When not teaching at ICE, Anna spends her time at the University of Oslo and collaborating with colleagues at the University of Umeå in Sweden, where she is part of a research project- 'Close personal relationships-children and the family'. University of Cambridge Institute of Continuing Education, Madingley Hall, Cambridge, CB23 8AQ www.ice.cam.ac.uk Course programme 09:30 Terrace bar open for pre-course tea/coffee 10:00 – 11:15 Session 1 – Unnatural practices 11:15 Coffee 11:45 – 13:00 Session 2 – “Our niggardly stepmother” 13:00 Lunch 14:00 – 15:15 Session 3 – The naturalistic fallacy 15:15 Tea 15:30 – 16:45 Session 4 – Reasoning with nature 16:45 Day-school ends University of Cambridge Institute of Continuing Education, Madingley Hall, Cambridge, CB23 8AQ www.ice.cam.ac.uk Course syllabus Aims: To engage students in a critical analysis of the ways in which concepts of nature are used in moral reasoning To explore the degree to which the ‘natural fallacy’ sweeps aside the possibility of reasoning from nature To analyse several key bioethical questions (animal research, conservation, human/animal chimaeras) on which concepts of nature have a bearing Content: This course will analyse the relationship between morality and nature in the context of key bioethical concerns, e.g. -
Read This Issue
A Reformed Biweekly 74th Year of Publication | August 26, 2019 | No. 3099 $2.50 Theme Issue: The Smart Phone News. Clues. Kingdom Views. DYING TO THE GENIUS OF YOUTH Rising to ministry in Christ. | Peter Schuurman – what we worship – is the keel of our spiritual life. My local small group is just finishing The New Copernicans: Millennials and the Survival of the Church (2018) by John Seel. This writer is insistent that we need to move beyond the nega- tive research studies that claim young adults are narcissistic, en- titled and lazy, caught in the spin of self-centred, middle-class Mor- alistic Therapeutic Deism. In fact, Seel claims that young people are the carriers of a new paradigm of Copernican proportions, and this paradigm is not only more holistic SATIRE, SACKED and true (more right-brained), it’s more Jesus-like. Risk-averse news outlets axe political cartoons. The message of the book is a warning to Christians: Change Angela Reitsma Bick your ways, or like the self-satisfied Titanic you will crash and drown on the iceberg of the new cultural ON JUNE 26, MICHAEL de Adder stopped printing daily political frame! Current membership de- posted to Twitter his cartoon of cartoons completely on July 1st, cline in the church is a symptom U.S. President Donald Trump after outrage over an anti-Semitic of the church’s increasing irrele- golfing next to the bodies of two illustration of Israeli Prime Min- A FRIEND TOLD ME HE AND HIS WIFE HAVE A HABIT OF SITTING OUT vance – its pride, its judgmental migrants: it was based on a haunt- ister Benjamin Netanyahu in its on the front porch on Fridays after work and just having sweet conver- attitude, its disembodied emphasis ing photo of asylum-seeker Oscar international edition. -
Precarious Manhood Predicts Support for Aggressive Policies and Politicians
PSPXXX10.1177/0146167220963577Personality and Social Psychology BulletinDiMuccio and Knowles 963577research-article2020 Empirical Research Paper Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Precarious Manhood Predicts Support for 1 –19 © 2020 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc Aggressive Policies and Politicians Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167220963577 10.1177/0146167220963577 journals.sagepub.com/home/pspb Sarah H. DiMuccio1 and Eric D. Knowles1 Abstract Precarious manhood (PM) theory posits that males are expected to actively maintain their reputations as “real men.” We propose that men’s concern about failing to meet masculine standards leads them to embrace policies and politicians that signal strength and toughness—or what we term political aggression. Three correlational studies support this claim. In Study 1, men’s fear of failing to meet masculine expectations predicted their support for aggressive policies (e.g., the death penalty), but not policies lacking aggressive features (e.g., affirmative action). Studies 2 and 3 utilized Google searches to assess the relationship between regional levels of PM and real-world electoral behavior. The use of search terms related to masculine anxieties correlated with Donald Trump’s vote share in the 2016 general election (Study 2) and, confirming preregistered predictions, with Republican candidates’ vote shares in 2018 congressional elections (Study 3). We close by discussing potential sources of variation in PM. Keywords precarious manhood, masculinity, aggression, political attitudes, voting Received May 22, 2020; revision accepted September 14, 2020 Perhaps more than any politician in recent history, Donald Precarious Manhood Trump has rooted his political persona in traditional notions of masculinity. -
Re Missing!: Local Podcast Explores Cultural Blindspots Nothing Missing with Tony (Left) and Matt (Right) Behind the Mic
SENE on Screen: The beloved film festival returns for its 13th year For more than a decade, the annual SENE (rhymes with scene) Film Festival has celebrated film, art and music, and this year’s festival, which takes place October 13 – 16, will screen 130 films from around the world. SENE was created by producing director Don Farias and artistic director Phil Capobres, who work to create a welcoming atmosphere for festival entrants and attendees. And their efforts paid off — for four years in a row, SENE was named one of the Top 50 Film Festivals Worth the Entry Fee by MovieMaker Magazine, one of the most respected voices in the film industry, and was rated one of the best reviewed festivals by FilmFreeway. The festival made its COVID comeback over the summer. “We were thrilled that we were able to host fun events for visiting filmmakers in June,” said Farias. “It’s the first time in over a year that the world felt almost normal. I was impressed with the attendance, especially since I was not sure if people were actually ready to leave their homes. It was nice to see the filmmakers meeting new friends at our networking events. Everyone was ready to collaborate and begin creating films again. We expect October to be bigger with more filmmakers attending.” SENE has been a powerful force in building community within the local film world, and while the festival receives films from all around the world, it makes a point to highlight all things local. The festival will kick off on Wednesday, October 13, with a special screening of local filmmaker Christian De Rezendes’ SLATERSVILLE, a much-anticipated episodic documentary on the 200-year history of the first industrialized mill village in the U.S., located in the heart of the Blackstone Valley. -
Memetic Tribes
MEMETIC TRIBE TELOS SACRED VALUES MASTER STATUS EXISTENTIAL THREATS COMBATANTS CAMPFIRE CHIEFTAINS MENTAL MODELS FOREBEARS SJAs (Social Justice Activists) End social oppression Social Justice Social Activist Kyriarchy Alt-Lite, Alt-Right, Sorters, Trumpists Campuses, Tumblr, Twitter Brianna Wu, Laurie Penny, Arthur Chu Essentialism, Normativity, Intersectionality Judith Butler, Kimberle Crenshaw, New Left Black Lives Matter Justice for racialized people Restorative Justice African American Systemic racism Alt-Lite, Alt-Right, Trumpists, Establishment Right Protests, Campuses, Twitter Alicia Garza, DeRay Mckesson, Ta Nehisi Coates Black Bodies, Reparations, Cultural Appropriations Audre Lorde, Franz Fanon, Malcolm X #MeToo End sexual harassment Empowerment, Social Justice Empowered Woman / Ally Weinstein level abuse Alt-Lite, MRA, Manosphere, Incels Hollywood, MSM, Pop Culture Tarana Burke, Oprah Winfrey, Alyssa Milano Toxic Masculinity, Rape Culture, Pay Gap Second and Third Wave Feminists Gender-Critical Feminists End patriarchy Gender Equality Liberated (biological) woman Continued Patriarchy SJA, MRA Speaking Tours, Twitter Meghan Murphy, Germaine Greer, Sheilay Jeffreys Rapid-Onset Gender Dysphoria, Womyn-born Womyn Janice Raymond Modern Neo-Marxists Destruction of false consciousness Class Consciousness Revolutionary Recuperation Establishment Left, Establishment Right Student groups, Zero Books, Libcom Douglas Lain, Mark Fisher, Slavoj Zizek Hauntology, Capitalist Realism, Spectre of Ideology Marxism, Situationist International, -
Naturalness and Unnaturalness in Contemporary Bioethics Anna Smajdor 57 Artikkel Samtale & Kritikk Spalter Brev
ARTIKKEL SAMTALE & KRITIKK SPALTER BREV Meta-ethical and methodological considerations The is/ought distinction and the naturalistic fallacy FRA FORSKNINGSFRONTEN Nature appears in bioethics in a number of guises and con- There is no great invention, from fire to flying, which has texts. At the most basic level, people may feel that it is mo- not been hailed as an insult to some god. But if every rally wrong to alter, distort or subvert natural processes. physical and chemical invention is a blasphemy, every NATURALNESS AND Leon Kass, for example, argues that an intuitive recoiling biological invention is a perversion. There is hardly one from interventions such as cloning that distort or frag- which, on first being brought to the notice of an observer ment the natural processes of reproduction, is a powerful from any nation which had not previously heard of their UNNATURALNESS IN indicator that such interventions are unethical (1998:3– existence, would not appear to him as indecent and un- 61). These are perhaps the most obvious occasions when natural. (Haldane 1924) nature plays an explicit role in informing moral reaso- CONTEMPORARY ning in bioethics. However, there are many other ways in Peter Singer and Deane Wells state categorically that “… which nature colours the concepts and themes employed there is no valid argument from ‘unnatural’ to ‘wrong’ in bioethical deliberation. For example, bioethicists may (2006:9-26). Similar views can be found in the work of BIOETHICS be concerned with the natural world, or nature, especially many bioethicists. A report on the ethics of grafting hu- in terms of our moral responsibility to the environment. -
Evolutionary Ethics? Substantiators, Skeptics, and Moral Realism
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2013-04-30 Evolutionary Ethics? Substantiators, Skeptics, and Moral Realism Jimenez, Kieran Chad Jimenez, K. C. (2013). Evolutionary Ethics? Substantiators, Skeptics, and Moral Realism (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/26002 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/662 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Evolutionary Ethics? Substantiators, Skeptics, and Moral Realism by Kieran Jimenez A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE CALGARY, ALBERTA APRIL, 2013 © Kieran Jimenez 2013 Abstract Hardly a week passes without new findings emerging from evolutionary psychology regarding how our view of morality has been influenced by our biological evolution. Evolutionary ethics is a normative project built upon these scientific insights. Evolutionary ethicists fall into two groups: substantiators or skeptics. Substantiators believe moral ideas can now be scientifically proven. Skeptics believe there are no moral truths because morality is just a biological adaptation. I believe the project of evolutionary ethics is misconceived. I argue that both the substantiators and the skeptics fail to show the direct relevance of biology to ethics. -
PHI 1100: Ethics & Critical Thinking
PHI 1100: Ethics & Critical Thinking Sessions 23 & 24 May 5th & 7th, 2020 Evaluating Arguments: Sufficient Evidence, Reasonable Inferences, Respectful Argumentation 1 A good argument persuades readers/listeners by giving us adequate reason to believe that its conclusion is true. Ø Here are four basic criteria which will all be satisfied by a good argument: I. The premises are true. II. The premises provide sufficient evidence to believe that the conclusion is true. III. The conclusion follows logically from the truth of the premises. IV. It demonstrates the author’s respect for their readers/listeners. So far, we have discussed fallacies that involve: • the use of language to present false or misleading evidence • the use of statistics to present false or misleading evidence, insufficient evidence, or to make faulty inferences – This week we’ll go into more detail about fallacies involving the use of language to present 2 insufficient evidence or to make faulty inferences. A good argument persuades readers/listeners by giving us adequate reason to believe that its conclusion is true. III. The conclusion follows logically from the truth of the premises. • Fallacies that fail to satisfy this criterion of a good argument make faulty inferences: – they draw a conclusion that isn’t guaranteed (or extremely likely) to be true even if the premises are true. Ønon sequitur (Latin for ‘it doesn’t follow’) = when an argument draws a conclusion that just isn’t supported by the reasoning they have provided. ]P1] Dorothy is wearing red shoes today. [C] Obviously, red is Dorothy’s favorite color. » Many of the fallacies we’ll consider this week can be classified as subtypes of non sequiturs, • which draw particular types of conclusions from particular types of inadequate evidence. -
Propaganda and the Nihilism of the Alt-Right
***Please do not cite. Use Published Version: 10.5840/radphilrev2020412110*** Propaganda and the Nihilism of the Alt-Right Abstract: The alt-right is an online subculture marked by its devotion to the execution of a racist, misogynistic, and xenophobic politics through trolling, pranking, meme-making, and mass murder. It is this devotion to far-right politics through the discordant conjunction of humor and suicidal violence this article seeks to explain by situating the movement for the first time within its constitutive online relationships. This article adds to the existing literature by viewing the online relationships of the alt-right through the genealogy of propaganda. Through situating the alt-right alongside the genealogy of propaganda, the article offers new insights into the social isolation, increasingly extreme social and political positions, nihilism, and violence that have emerged within the alt-right. The article concludes by applying the lessons of the alt-right for online organizing across the political spectrum and argues that a class-based politics of the left is an important part of countering the rise of the alt-right. Keywords: Propaganda, Alt-right, Alt-light, Meme, Incel, Mass Shooting, Nihilism, 4chan, Blackpill, Redpill, Trolling Cory Wimberly Associate Professor of Philosophy University of Texas Rio Grande Valley [email protected] Page 1 of 27 Propaganda and the Nihilism of the Alt-Right The alt-right has two seemingly contradictory faces. One face of the alt-right, highlighted by Milo Yiannopoulos and -
Human Cloning and Moral Status Christopher Alexander Pynes
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2003 Human Cloning and Moral Status Christopher Alexander Pynes Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES HUMAN CLONING AND MORAL STATUS By CHRISTOPHER ALEXANDER PYNES A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Philosophy in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2003 Copyright © 2003 Christopher Alexander Pynes All Rights Reserved The members of the Committee approve the dissertation of Christopher Alexander Pynes defended on 19 June 2003. Michael Ruse Professor Directing Dissertation Michael Meredith Outside Committee Member Peter Dalton Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. To my mother, and for all mothers: past, present, and future. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the guidance of Professors Michael Ruse and Peter Dalton. Michael showed me that getting something written is more important than writing something perfectly; the former is necessary for the latter. Peter Dalton is an exceptional philosopher, and thanks to his guidance I made it through my first few years of graduate school at Florida State. This dissertation has been improved greatly thanks to his thorough comments; I cannot thank him enough, however, the mistakes that remain are all mine. Many people sacrificed so that I could write and finish this dissertation, none more than Darlene Deas. Her loving support throughout the entire dissertation writing process has been nothing less than heroic. -
Ad Hominem Fallacy Examples Donald Trump
Ad Hominem Fallacy Examples Donald Trump Presentationism and conic Ulick economized her demolishment ohmmeter quadrupled and headreach Saunderszoologically. stipulate When hisMarve verligte platted fidges his folkmootyeomanly, sparging but Himyarite not sudden Rad neverenough, begs is Emmeryso betweentimes. divisionism? But abortion is made these ideas survive and firm Equivocation is a type of ambiguity in which a single word or phrase has two or more distinct meanings, transfer blame to others, as they often show how much the product is being enjoyed by large groups of people. Trump has also awarded Presidential Medals of Freedom to former Sen. Or a young, comments like these are reminding some people of an old Soviet tactic known as whataboutism. Some topics are on motherhood and some are not. The green cheese causes compulsive buying is when it is. While such characterizations as the one above reflect part of the reason why informal fallacies prove powerful and intellectually seductive it suffers from two weaknesses. Kennedy before he is this is an ad hominem fallacy examples donald trump uses cookies that donald trump is true than a few examples. Guilt By Association Fallacy, and music and dance and so many other avenues to help them express what has happened to them in their lives during this horrific year. And now, one of the most common is the Ad Hominem fallacy, other times the wholepat assumption proves false resulting in a fallacy of composition. If we are to make informed judgments about the candidates, which focused on. Knowing and studying fallacies is important because this will help people avoid committing them.