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Geolocsi–Web-Based GIS for Verification and Modification Of International Journal of Computer and Information Technology (ISSN: 2279 – 0764) Volume 02– Issue 04, July 2013 GeoLocSI – Web-Based GIS for Verification and Modification of Data Stored in Data Base Spatial Data Presentation and Modification Throught Web-Based Geographical Information System Tatyana Velikova Dimitrova Maritime Affairs Institute of the Protection and Security of the Citizen, JRC Ispra, Italy e-mail: tanya.v.dimitrova (at} gmail.com Abstract—Currently there are thousand container events will allow them to focus better on the suspicious containers or happening daily on more than 20 000 locations in the World. vessels. Some of these locations are big international ports and others are An essential part of itinerary analysis for anomaly just little cities with not precise coordinates in the free available detection is the visualization and interaction techniques. They Data Bases (DB). Verification and validation these locations are are widely recognized to be very powerful in maritime domain at the same time a very important task and a challenging one. This paper describes the development of a web-based and may close the gap between the domain experts and the geographical information system for assisting in verifying and data mining engines [6]. Furthermore, visualization methods modifying geographical data in DB by interactive intuitive GIS take advantage of human abilities to perceive patterns and to technique. For the proper work of the system, first we collected interpret them, which can be critical in complex situations, geographical data for container ports from different open sources especially when the dataset is multi-dimensional, massive and according to the known container ports’ names from our dynamic. The experience shows that when the dataset is really ConTraffic System. Then we stored it in a dataset in our DB and huge, it is particularly difficult to assess what kind of data we created a map-based application which allows us to see not drilling techniques could be used for transforming the data. In only the data in tabular view but also the geographical position of such cases, the visualization of the data could help the ports over a map. Using this web-based application all the data can be modified quite easy, including the geographical significantly by giving an initial general geographical view of coordinates. They can be modified directly by just typing the the object’s behavior. In certain cases, it can also indicate correct coordinates or by interactive way (drag the graphical abnormal movements, i.e. movements in circles, unnecessary object to the correct geographical position on the map). transshipments and other. For realization of such geographical visualization for Keywords-component; Geographical Information Systems, container movements, we need not only itinerary information Geographical coordinates, GIS assistance, Web-based interface for but also geographical data about the locations. Currently, we data modifications in Oracle, Container Ports, Web service, Human have registered container events in our Data Base (DB) at Computer Interface more than 20 000 locations in the entire world. Some of these locations are big international ports and others are just little I. INTRODUCTION cities or villages. As Maria Riviero says, “In today’s Around 90% of the non-bulk cargo is transported in information age, the lack of information is seldom a problem”, containers travelling by sea [1]; that is an estimated number of but today there are other actual problems, such as “difficulty about 18 millions of containers per year. Only 2% of them are of processing and handling vast amounts of information from physically inspected by Customs Authorities [2]. This makes many and different sources” [7], information fusion, accuracy shipping containers a security breach in the supply chain, and verification of the information and other. In the current paving the ground to their usage in a number of illicit paper, we raise a problem on which we come across during the activities, including commercial frauds, illegal traffic, and development of web-based geographical visualization of even terroristic attacks. container movements. This problem is the accuracy of the In some recent studies [3, 4, 5] several researchers try to geographical coordinates collected from different sources. It is create new methods for analyzing itineraries of vessels and crucial for the utility of any geographical visualization containers and providing computed artificial assistance for (including the one for container movements). For this reason detection of anomalous itineraries. Such assistance will help we conceived implemented and tested a solution for the the maritime authorities providing control of containers and it verification of data collected and stored in the ConTraffic DB. Our solution, which helped us to solve the problem, is an www.ijcit.com 573 International Journal of Computer and Information Technology (ISSN: 2279 – 0764) Volume 02– Issue 04, July 2013 interactive web-based GIS system for verification and Every CSM includes: modification of the geographical data in Oracle DB. 1) Container identifier as assigned by the Bureau International The paper is organized as follow: Section 2 gives an des Containers et du Transport Intermodal [8, 9]. It is overview of ConTraffic system and DB. Section 3 gives a composed by: a code for the owner of the container; a code for description of the available free open spatial databases and the the category of container; a serial number of the container; and encountered problems with the spatial data accuracy. In a check digit. following section we propose our solution for verification and 2) Text description of the geographical location (called modification of the spatial data in Oracle DB. Finally, in the unclean location); the location described is usually a port, last section, we conclude the paper with a discussion of the where the event took place. The text string may contain the contributions of our approach, its advantages and limitations, name of a city, port, the name of a station/airport, the name of the achieved results from the implementation of the prototype a country, or even detailed port or terminal codes. During the and the future improvements. pre-processing stage, named automatic-location cleaning, a match between this string and standard location in the II. CONTRAFFIC SYSTEM AND DB ConTraffic database is searched. The dataset of standard ConTraffic system illustrated in Fig.1 gathers data on locations is built mainly using the UN/LOCODE (United container movement from a number of on-line open source Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations) dataset, repositories. The data are collected in terms of little pieces of which is open source and it is provided by the United Nations information, called “Container Status Messages” (CSM). Each Economic Commission for Europe [10]. Each record contains CSM presents a single event or status of a container. The the location name, UN/LOCODE location code, country format is semi-structured and describes the performed actions name, a UN/LOCODE unique country code, subdivision, or the status of the containers. Currently the ConTraffic status of the record, functions of the location (port, rail station, database contains more than 1 billion CSM records making the airport, etc.), geographical coordinates, etc. In case of a match, both tasks of analysis and visualization quite challenging. the text description is assigned to the unique identifier of the matched record. In this case we say that the text description of the location has been cleaned. 3) Text description of the event occurring to the container and load status. Internet ConTraffic Website 4) Date and time when the event occurred. 5) Additional details, if such are available; for instance vessel name, voyage identity number, etc. Since the CSMs are text messages gathered from multiple and heterogeneous data sources, the data are imprecise and ambiguous [11] and there are several challenges in Container Status Messages interpreting and integrating the data. Furthermore, the data are sometimes not complete and it may even contain errors. Moreover, the data are semi-structured, which means that the information is not following any standardized data format. The problem of data interpretation and integration is particularly Data Gathering difficult for the text description of the locations. The automated location cleaning procedure described above cannot ConTraffic cover all the cases and manual intervention is constantly Team and needed. To assist the manual operations we have developed Tools Data Processing and Cleaning dedicated application GeoLocSI which is a web-based GIS application used for verification and modification of location data in the ConTraffic DB. The design and the implementation of ConTrafficGeo are described in the next sections. III. ACCURACY OF SPATIAL DATA AND FREE AVAILABLE ConTraffic Data Base DB Essential part of any geographical visualization is the accuracy of the used geospatial data. If the quality of this data Data Analysis and Publishing (accuracy, completeness, and updates) is not at high level, it can impact the visual outcome and the validity of the final decision. Therefore, the usefulness and the significance of the visualization depend strongly from all accuracy of the data. Figure 1. Overview of the ConTraffic system. That is the reason why, in every GIS implementation the data www.ijcit.com 574 International Journal of Computer
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