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Expository Glossary Messianic Teaching Expository Glossary of Terms Used in Messianic Teaching © 1999 www.servantofmessiah.org Preface This Expository Glossary of Terms used in Messianic Teaching is under continual development for a study group that has been meeting in the Helderberg area of South Africa since mid-1995. We plan to publish several studies on the Messiah, entitled: ú" King Messiah ú# The Coming of King Messiah ú$ Footsteps of the Messiah in the Appointed Times of YHWH. The Expository Glossary of Terms used in Messianic Teaching explains unfamiliar terms that talmidim (students; taught ones; apprentices under discipline) of Rabbi Yahushua from Natzeret will encounter in their studies. Students are requested to notify us (in writing) of all difficult terms used in the mono- graphs listed above, which have been left out, or are not adequately explained, in the Glossary. This Glossary shares the Bibliography of The Coming of King Messiah. Unfortunately, this Glossary has not been neither subjected to careful peer-review not to proofreading. I apologise for the many errors and frequent “rough patches.” I have freely used many contributions sent to an Internet newsgroup on Hebraic Roots. Regrettably, I can not list all the individuals whose valuable contributions I have edited into the Glossary. Yet I want to mention the names of Dr James Scott Trimm, Luana Fabry as well as Eddie Chumney— the manager and overseer of the Newsgroup. Some- one has aptly remarked that Dictionaries and Glossaries are “plagiarism arranged in alphabetical order.” This is—alas!— true of this Glossary. Key Entries followed by the symbol [G] are Greek terms. Entries followed by the symbol [L] are Latin terms. Entries followed by the symbol [A] are Aramaic terms. Almost all other foreign-language entries are transliterated Hebrew. www.servantofmessiah.org A Abomination of Desolation Hebrew: shiqutz shomem. Desolating sacrilege. Wordplay on “Ba'al samem” —“Ba'al of heaven,” indicating that this idol is not ba'al (master) and not ruler of heaven, but in fact an abomination that lays waste and brings desolation. Hebrew term for an idolatrous image, specifically one set up in the haQodesh of the Beit haMiqdash (Temple) in Yerushalayim, proclaimed to be “master of heaven” and worshiped. Historically, the desolating sacrilege mentioned in the book of Dani'el, was a statue of the pagan Greek idol, Zeus, bearing the facial image of Antiochus IV “Epiphanes.” This image was set up on the golden altar of incense by the insane Greek- Seleucid king, who attempted to outlaw the worship of Almighty YHWH and replace it by the worship of the Greek pantheon and the worship of himself as “god manifest.” Scripture is clear that an eschatological shiqutz shomem will be set up in the time immediately preceding the second coming of the Son of Man. Allusions and intimations lead the student of Scripture to expect the shiqutz shomem of the acharit-yamim to be a Roman Catholic crucifix bearing the image of the False messiah, who will demand worship as “god.” The eschatological shiqutz shomem is described in Yeshayahu 40-46. The False Prophet will erect it in the haQodesh (Set-Apart Place) of the Beit HaMiqdash (Temple). In its eschatological intent, the book of Yirmeyahu intimates that an image of a Madonna (“Holy Virgin”) will also be set up in the Temple compound. Abaddon Destruction. Angel of the bottomless pit —Revelation 9:11. Iyov 26:6 She'ol is naked before Elohim; Abaddon lies uncovered. Iyov 28:22 Abaddon and She'ol say, `Only a rumour of it has reached our ears.' Iyov 31:12 It is a fire that burns to Abaddon; it would have uprooted my harvest. Proverbs 15:11 She'ol and Abaddon lie open before YHWH— how much more the hearts of men! Abba “Daddy.” We are related to Almighty YHWH not only as subjects are related to a King, but also as children to a loving Father, having been adopted on the basis of the broken body, the shed sacrificial blood and the resurrection of Messiah Yahushua. Acharith-yamim The latter days; the last days. A Hebrew term for eschatology. The days are pictured as www.servantofmessiah.org an army marching past. The reshith is the part that has already passed, while the acharit is the part that is still approaching. Events said to happen ba'ha-acharit ha-yamim (in the latter days) often had one or even more partial fulfillments in history, which serves as a tavnit or pattern that foreshadows events that will happen in Yom YHWH. The other Hebrew term for eschatology is Iqvot haMashiach (Footsteps of the Messiah). Scriptural history is a carefully woven prophetic tavnit (pattern) that teaches—to those who have ears to hear—the Footsteps of the Messiah. Acharonim The latter rabbinic authorities; in contradistinction to the rishonim (“early ones”). Adon Master, ruler. Expresses a relationship of rulership, headship, royalty and authority, and not necessarily one of ownership. The antonym of Adon is eved —servant. The itinerant, aggadic proto-rabbi, Yahushua ben-Yosef mi Natzeret, was addressed by the title Adon, as was other sages. Adonai An intensive form of Adon or Adoni; “great master” or “my great master.” A title used to address kings and royalty. The name Adonai is most often used of the Almighty in the writings of the prophets—they were the messengers of the King, and therefore used the terminology of a messenger of a king. The term Adonai is a plural of majesty. It is not the unique name of the Almighty; in Scripture it is also used of mighty men, e.g. Yosef as vice-regent of Mitzrayim under Pharaoh, and of King David. In Jewish worship, the name Adonai is used as an evasive synonym or circumlocution for YHWH, the set-apart name of HaQadosh, baruch Hu (“the Holy One, blessed be He”). Adoni “My Adon,” i.e. “my master.” A term for the Messiah in Tehillim 110:1. Af Nose. See: api (“my nose”). Afikoman (Afikoman) [G] This word comes from Greek and means “that which comes after” or “after-dish.” The last morsel of matzah eaten at the Pesach Seder meal. During the Passover Seder meal, three pieces of matzah are placed inside a matzah-tash. During an early stage of the Seder meal, the children are sent out of the room. Then half of the central piece of matzah is broken off, wrapped in linen and hidden away. This is evidently symbolical of burial. The broken, wrapped and hidden piece of matzah is called the Afikoman. Toward the end of the Seder meal, the children are given the opportunity to search for the Afikoman. The children search for it with fervour and great expectation; shouts of joy are heard when it is found. The child who finds the Afikoman can bargain with the father for a gift. The father promises to buy a gift, but must make an immediate downpayment, Page 2 www.servantofmessiah.org which serves as a proof and pledge of the gift that is to come —the “Promise of the Father.” The Messiah came. His body was broken and He was buried, hidden away. He who finds the Messiah, shouts with joy. Our Father in Heaven gives us the promise of a share in the abundant life of the World to Come, to be in the resurrection of the righteous. The Promise of the Father is His Ruach —His life-giving Breath, Power, Presence, Person-in- action. We now receive the firstfruits of the Promise of the Father —the firstfruits of the impartation of the Ruach HaQodesh. That is a downpayment, a seal, a pledge of the great gift that will be given to us in the fulness of time, at the final redemption. When King Messiah comes in esteem, we who have found the living Afikoman will receive the fullness of the Promise of the Father. Africa It is a fact that Africa has played an important role in YHWH's programme throughout history. In Scripture we see that Africans have taken responsibility during some of the most difficult and dark times when the Qahal needed leadership and protection. When Mosheh fled from Pharaoh, refuge and place of preparation for his ministry was provided by Yitro the Midyanite (an African)— Exodus 18:1-2. When Yirmeyahu was thrown into the well and condemned for preaching the word of YHWH, he was rescued by an Ethiopian eunuch— an African. When Yahushua was just an infant and his parents had to flee to protect him from the wrath of Herod, they took refuge in Egypt, Africa. The first disciple who were added to the Messianic Qahal outside of Yerushalayim after the outpouring of the Ruach HaQodesh was an African— an Ethiopian eunuch. The leader- ship of the first Qahal in Antioch included two black African believers. These, and other examples, demonstrate that the Qahal in Africa has a specific responsibility in YHWH's programme, most times relating to crises when leadership and directive is most needed. Ages of salvation-history The sages understood that salvation-history would unfold as a cosmic week with “days” of 1000 years each. Chronology starts with the impartation of the nishmat chayim (breath of life; neshamah) to Adam. The preceding 6 days of creation are seen as being separate from chronology, and to contain all the secrets and ages of the universe. Adam and Chawwah were in the Malkut Shamayim, and in the fulness of the image of Elohim. They transgressed and were diminished to the shell of the image of Elohim. The fall of man precipitated the Age of Tohu (desolation), which endured for 2000 years.
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