DOCSLIB.ORG

Estimating Social Network Size Using Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) in Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Estimating Social Network Size Using Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) in Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran Original Article http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI) Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2020(18 Apr);34.35. https://doi.org/10.34171/mjiri.34.35 Estimating social network size using network scale-up method (NSUM) in Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran Sakineh Narouee1, Mohsen Shatti2, Mahnaz Didevar3, Mahshid Nasehi*1 Received: 21 Jan 2018 Published: 18 Apr 2020 Abstract Background: The network scale-up method is an indirect method of estimating the size of hidden and hard-to-reach populations. An important prerequisite in this method is to estimate the size of an active social network, as considered in the present study. Methods: In 2015, the social network size was calculated using the known subpopulation approach and maximum likelihood estimation in the central, Bampur, and Bazman districts of Iranshahr province. Individuals older than 18 years took part in a street- based survey. The relationship between the demographic variables and social network size estimation was analyzed (p< 0.05). Linear regression was used to investigate the relationship of each known subpopulation with underlying variables. Data were analyzed in Excel 2010 and SPSS 19. Results: From among 1000 participants, 50.2% lived in rural areas. The social network size of the residents of Iranshahr was estimated to be 308.35 with 12 remaining subgroups. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the real and estimated values in known subpopulations was equal to 0.92 (p= 0.001). Men aged 25-39 years, those with high education levels, employees, and those residing in villages had a wider social network. The estimated social network size had a significant relationship with gender, education level, and place of residence (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The estimated social network size in Iranshahr was smaller than the value reported by a nationwide study (the ratio- based method). Keywords: Network scale-up, Population size estimation, Social network size, Hidden population Conflicts of Interest: None declared Funding: The present study was supported by Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, with the collaboration of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Sistan and Baluchestan Province. *This work has been published under CC BY-NC-SA 1.0 license. Copyright© Iran University of Medical Sciences Cite this article as: Narouee S, Shatti M, Didevar M, Nasehi M. Estimating social network size using network scale-up method (NSUM) in Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2020 (18 Apr);34:35. https://doi.org/10.34171/mjiri.34.35 Introduction For appropriate planning, evaluation, budget allocation, icantly reduce the reliability of responses (1, 4, 5). and HIV prevention programs, the size of hidden or hard- The network scale-up (NSU) method with an indirect to-reach populations must be estimated. Such populations approach is one of the best data collection methods of include injection drug users, female sex workers and their hidden populations. In this method, individuals are asked clients, and men who have sex with men (MSM). An es- how many people they know in their network of acquaint- Downloaded from mjiri.iums.ac.ir at 15:08 IRDT on Monday May 25th 2020 [ DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.35 ] sential part of health system management is the HIV care ances who have specific high-risk behaviors. The basic system (1, 2). The multiplier and capture-recapture are principle in using the NSU method is that the social net- common sampling methods which cannot provide an ac- work size describes general population features and is a curate estimation of hidden populations (3, 4). These prerequisite for calculating the hidden population size in methods are not fully functional due to the complexity of the community (1, 6). Therefore, the social network size determining those with high-risk behaviors and can signif- of individuals in target subpopulations of any study is ______________________________ Corresponding author: Dr Mahshid Nasehi, [email protected] ↑What is “already known” in this topic: 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Network scale-up (NSU), with an indirect approach, is one of Sciences, Tehran, Iran the best data collection methods of hidden populations. 2. Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran →What this article adds: 3. Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Sistan and Balouchestan, Iran In this study, the importance of the size of a regional social network was delineated. Estimating social network size using NSUM directly associated with its real size in the general popula- ing final subpopulations. Subpopulations with impossible tion (5). accurate access to information were excluded. Therefore, The network scale-up method is used in various coun- 2 subgroups (people who went abroad or joined the mili- tries such as the USA, Ukraine, China, Japan, and Thai- tary during the last year) were excluded at the beginning land. Similar studies have also been performed for social of the study. Then, subpopulations with a relative fre- network size estimation in Brazil, Rwanda, and Moldova. quency of 0.1% to 4% of the total population of Iranshahr Calculated estimates vary from 55 to 399 and are between were selected. In this stage, 14 inappropriate subpopula- 308 and 380 in Iran. Therefore, the difference in social tions were removed. Various errors that could have affect- network size in different studies shows the importance of ed the final result were considered in calculating the social regional studies (1, 5). network size. Therefore, subpopulations that increased the Sistan and Baluchestan Province is located in Southeast possibility of probable error in the study with no proper of Iran, bordering with Afghanistan and Pakistan, which correction method were also excluded from the list of are among the largest drug producers in the world. The subpopulations. Names with more popularity among peo- city of Iranshahr in this province with specific regional, ple during the last 3 decades and an approximately even ethnic, cultural, and social features is close to the city of distribution were selected. Finally, 16 subpopulations Sarbaz. This city is located in the center of Sistan and Ba- were selected as the sample for further study. These sub- luchestan province on the path of foreigners and drug populations included first-graders, university entrance transit. Studies demonstrate that cultural and social differ- exam participants, state university students, elementary ences affect social network size (2). The present study was school employees, married people, those who had a nor- conducted to estimate the social network size of residents mal delivery or cesarean section, those with thalassemia of Iranshahr with the population of 265 316 in 2015 to major, and those with intellectual disability, and those provide a population estimate of groups such as drug users named Asieh, Abdullah, Samira, Yasser, Yasna, Matin, or in the city. To this end, the effect of different factors was Omar. examined on social network size using estimation correc- In calculating the social network size with the known tion methods. subpopulation approach and maximum likelihood estima- tion (MLE), Formula 1 was used where ĉ is the social Methods network size of the participant i, is the number of In total, 1000 people, equally composed of men and people that the person i knows from the known group j, women, participated in this cross sectional study. Women is the real population size of the known group j, and t is made up 50.2% of the population of Iranshahr. About the total number of base population in the desired area. 15.7% of the general population of the city belonged to 1. ĉ=(∑/ ∑).t 18-24 age group and 21.33% to 25-39 age group. Moreo- The estimation standard error was calculated to compute ver, 710, 250, and 40 of the participants were surveyed in the 95% confidence interval of the social network size the central, Bampur, and Bazman districts, respectively. using Formula 2. The survey was conducted with nearly equal sampling 2. SEĉ =√ĉ t/ ∑ ratios of 49.8 in urban areas and 50.2 in populated rural In the NSU method, there are 3 important assumptions areas. The study sample was selected using the street- which can respectively cause barrier effect, transmission based simple sampling method from among those who error, and estimation effect if not available: (a) partici- were alone in crowded areas such as streets, parks, hospi- pants have equal probability of knowing each member of tals, clinics, and taxi stations. The participants aged over the studied subpopulation in the study; (b) participants 18 years and had lived in Iranshahr for at least 5 years. have full knowledge of their social network; and (c) it is The questionnaires were filled out by 4 local trained in- not highly difficult for them to remember the number of quirers in Iranshahr in a face-to-face manner by respecting people in their social network and they can remember the sex-matching between the inquirer and the participant and number of social networks clearly and quickly. In differ- Downloaded from mjiri.iums.ac.ir at 15:08 IRDT on Monday May 25th 2020 [ DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.35 ] after explaining the research objectives and obtaining in- ent studies, various correction methods are employed to formed consent from the participants. The inquirers asked reduce the effect of the noted errors so that the accurate the participants whether they knew someone in a certain social network size can be estimated. In this study, ac- subgroup. The term “knowing” reflected the followings: quaintances who were in the respondents’ social network (1) Person A knows person B and vice versa by name and but were not residents of Iranshahr were eliminated from face; (2) they are in touch face to face, by phone, or email all estimations.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Review and Updated Checklist of Freshwater Fishes of Iran: Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Status
    Iran. J. Ichthyol. (March 2017), 4(Suppl. 1): 1–114 Received: October 18, 2016 © 2017 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: February 30, 2017 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.7508/iji.2017 http://www.ijichthyol.org Review and updated checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran: Taxonomy, distribution and conservation status Hamid Reza ESMAEILI1*, Hamidreza MEHRABAN1, Keivan ABBASI2, Yazdan KEIVANY3, Brian W. COAD4 1Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran 2Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center. Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Bandar Anzali, Iran 3Department of Natural Resources (Fisheries Division), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran 4Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6P4 Canada *Email: [email protected] Abstract: This checklist aims to reviews and summarize the results of the systematic and zoogeographical research on the Iranian inland ichthyofauna that has been carried out for more than 200 years. Since the work of J.J. Heckel (1846-1849), the number of valid species has increased significantly and the systematic status of many of the species has changed, and reorganization and updating of the published information has become essential. Here we take the opportunity to provide a new and updated checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran based on literature and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history and new fish collections. This article lists 288 species in 107 genera, 28 families, 22 orders and 3 classes reported from different Iranian basins. However, presence of 23 reported species in Iranian waters needs confirmation by specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • See the Document
    IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways
    [Show full text]
  • Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
    Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard
    [Show full text]
  • The Study of Development Degree Among the Cities of Sistan and Baluchistan Province
    European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2013; www.european-science.com vol.2, No.2, pp.279-287 ISSN 1805-3602 The study of development degree among the cities of Sistan and Baluchistan province Naser Dahani Department of Accounting, Iranshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iranshahr, Iran Received for publication: 21 January 2013. Accepted for publication: 01 May 2013. Abstract the issues that always has engaged the minds of re- searchers, economists, decision makers and pro- The first step in regional development planning gram planners at the regional level. Need for more is to identify the current status of the area in which attention to the less developed and undeveloped re- the identification is required for the analysis of var- gions for optimal use of the capabilities and the fa- ious sections including economic, social and cul- cilities of these regions requires the existence of tural ones. In order to allocate funds and resources scientific, accurate and reasonable knowledge of among different regions, identifying their position having and lacking dimensions in different regions. in the relevant section and rank them in terms of Further, recognizing and understanding the development potentials is necessary. There are dif- differences between different regions in order to ferent methods to rank economic, social and cultur- balance the level of regional development through al sections that necessarily do not lead to the same the provision of economic and social programs to answers. Among these methods, taxonomy analysis suit the characteristics of each region has high im- by combining the different indices of development, portance. Economic and industrial development determines the development degree of the regions.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms International 300 N ZEEB ROAD, ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW, LONDON WC1R 4EJ, ENGLAND / 791734*
    INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Desert Locust Joint Survey in the Spring Breeding Areas of the I.R. Iran and Pakistan
    Desert Locust Joint Survey in the Spring Breeding Areas of the I.R. Iran and Pakistan April 2003 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2003 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publishing and Multimedia Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by email to [email protected]. FAO 2003 Desert Locust Joint Survey in the Spring Breeding Areas of Pakistan and the I.R. Iran April 2003 By M. Azam Khan M. Chalakizebardast G.R. Kazemi Siahooei S.M.H. Naqvi FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS May 2003 - 2 - Contents Acknowledgements....................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Rare Birds in Iran, 1860S–1960S
    Podoces, 2009, 4(1): 1–27 Review of Rare Birds in Iran, 1860s–1960s CEES S. ROSELAAR 1* & MANSOUR ALIABADIAN 2 1. Zoological Museum & Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam PO Box 94766, 1090 GT Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN * Correspondence Author. Email: [email protected] Received 27 March 2009; accepted 7 October 2009 Abstract: Based on original literature reports covering the period 1860 –1969, details of 362 records of 102 bird species considered rare in Iran are presented. This fills a gap in knowledge of Iran’s birds from a period between research by Gmelin and Hablizl in the 1770s (reviewed by Mlikovsky 2008) and an overview of the observations of rare birds in Iran in the 1960s and 1970s (presented by Scott 2008). Attention is drawn to two new species for Iran (Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus and Blue Whistling Thrush Myophonus caeruleus ). Published details validate the records of Light-bellied Brent Goose Branta hrota , Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius , Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris , and Oriental Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus , formerly considered as of dubious occurrence in Iran. Information on six species (Yellow-breasted Tit Cyanistes cyanus flavipectus , Falcated Duck Anas falcata , Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus , Güldenstädt’s Redstart Phoenicurus erythrogaster , Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus and Eurasian Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes) was considered insufficient or unreliable and the occurrence of these species in Iran has been rejected. We recommend that these species be omitted from the last revised checklist of the birds of Iran (Scott & Adhami 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Border Survey of the Spring Breeding Areas of the Desert Locust in Baluchistan of the I.R
    Joint Border Survey of the Spring Breeding Areas of the Desert Locust in Baluchistan of the I.R. Iran and Pakistan April - May 1996 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 1996 Joint Border Survey of the Spring Breeding Areas of the Desert Locust in Baluchistan of the I.R. Iran and Pakistan April - May 1996 by K. Cressman M. Muzaffar Alam M. Ghaemian B. Mohammad S. Behzadi Kheshtzadeh FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, June 1996 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publica- tion do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or it authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. © FAO 1996 - 4 - CONTENTS PREFACE .........................................................................................................................................................7 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (Pdf)
    Current World Environment Vol. 5(2), 223-227 (2010) The magnited of Lead in zahedan ground water HOSSEIN ATASHI¹, NARGESS RAHIMI² and FARROKH AKBARI ESPAILI³ ¹Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98164-161,Zahedan (Iran). ²Islamic Azad University (Birjand Branch) , And the PhD student of Food science and Thechnology , Islamic Azad University (Sabzevar Branch) (Iran). ³Chemical Engineering Department, M.Sc, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98164-161, Zahedan (Iran). (Received: July 10, 2010; Accepted: August 25, 2010) ABSTRACT Zahedan city is located in the dry and semidry area in the Iran and close to Pakistan boarder. At this region fresh drinking water is limited to groundwater resource. Because of main role of water in the transmission several type of disease and assess the risks of adverse health effect on human exposure to lead influenced by human activities and geological survey in Zahedan we decide to test water sample from 10 well in separate places in zahedan for measuring quantity of lead. We have measured lead concentration by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The concentration of lead in sampling wells was the range of 1.47 to 1.68 ppm. Comparing the amounts of measured lead concentration of lead are more than standard limit (0.01ppm) in all the wells. In order to determine contaminated regions and direction of pollution diffusions, we have down isoconcentration counters on the geological map of the area. By the obtaining information about industrial, agricultural, animal husbandry activities, geological and geochemistry of the region we have defind the origin of grand water pollution of the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of CYGNSS Observations for Flood Detection and Mapping During Sistan and Baluchestan Torrential Rain in 2020
    water Article Evaluation of CYGNSS Observations for Flood Detection and Mapping during Sistan and Baluchestan Torrential Rain in 2020 Mahmoud Rajabi *, Hossein Nahavandchi and Mostafa Hoseini Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; [email protected] (H.N.); [email protected] (M.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +47-92332254 Received: 9 June 2020; Accepted: 16 July 2020; Published: 18 July 2020 Abstract: Flood detection and produced maps play essential roles in policymaking, planning, and implementing flood management options. Remote sensing is commonly accepted as a maximum cost-effective technology to obtain detailed information over large areas of lands and oceans. We used remote sensing observations from Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) to study the potential of this technique for the retrieval of flood maps over the regions affected by the recent flood in the southeastern part of Iran. The evaluation was made using spaceborne GNSS-R measurements over the Sistan and Baluchestan provinces during torrential rain in January 2020. This area has been at a high risk of flood in recent years and needs to be continuously monitored by means of timely observations. The main dataset was acquired from the level-1 data product of the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) spaceborne mission. The mission consisted of a constellation of eight microsatellites with GNSS-R sensors onboard to receive forward-scattered GNSS signals from the ocean and land. We first focused on data preparation and eliminating the outliers. Afterward, the reflectivity of the surface was calculated using the bistatic radar equations formula.
    [Show full text]
  • Sbornfk NARODNIHO MUZEA V PRAZE ACTA M USEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE X LV B (1989), No.2 REDAKTOR: Nnr CEJKA
    SBORNfK NARODNIHO MUZEA V PRAZE ACTA M USEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE X LV B (1989), No.2 REDAKTOR: nnr CEJKA LUDViK HO BERLA N DT Department of Entomology, National Museum (Nat. Hist. ), Praha RESULTS OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK-IRA N IAN ENTOMOLOGICAL EXPEDIT IO N S T O IRAN * 1970, 1973 A ND 1977 HETEROPT ERA : CO REIDAE ) Abstract: Results of the Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expeditions to Iran, family Coreidae (Heteroptera); listed 40 species of which 11 are recorded for the first time from Iran, together with Enoplops hashemii sp. n.; key to the species of the genus Enoplops of Iran and adjacent areas is given. This paper is based on the material of Coreidae collected by three expeditions of National Museum (Nat. Hist.), Praha to Iran and on an additional material collec­ ted by Iranian entomologists M. Safavi, A. Hashemi, A.Pazuki and H. Mirzayans and by J. Klapperich. Documented material is deposited in the collections of the Department of Entomology, National Museum (Nat. Hist.) , Praha and partially in the entomological collections of the Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran-Evin. COREIDAE - COREINAE Omanocoris versicolor (Herrich Schaffer, 1841) 1 d -S. Iran, Fars, Fassa, 9. 7. 1970 (loc. no. 50), 5 dd and 5 99 - S. E. Iran, Baluchestan, Ghasamabad, valley ofthe river Bampur, 10 km. E. of Bampur, 11.-12. 4. 1973 (loc. no. 157), 1 d, 1 9 and 5 nymphs - S.Iran, Kerman province, 24 km. S. S. W. of Hajiabad, 9.-10. 5. 1973 (loc. no 194), 15 dd and 9 99 - S. Iran, Hormozgan, Issin, south slopes of Kuhha-ye Genu, 40 km.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of One Rare Bee New to Iran, with the Checklist of the Persian Bee Subfamily Nomioidinae (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
    NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 14 (2): 159-164 ©NWJZ, Oradea, Romania, 2018 Article No.: e171202 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html Report of one rare bee new to Iran, with the checklist of the Persian bee subfamily Nomioidinae (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Ziba SAFI1, Ahmad NADIMI1,*, Mohsen YAZDANIAN1 and Vladimir G. RADCHENKO2 1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 2. Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, acad. Lebedev, 37, Kiev 03143, Ukraine. *Corresponding author, A. Nadimi, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 04. November 2016 / Accepted: 19. October 2017 / Available online: 23. October 2017 / Printed: December 2018 Abstract. We report the capture of one rare species of bee new record for Iran, Nomioides hybridus (Blüthgen, 1934). Based on published records and previous lists of bee species from the last 100 years, we listed 18 species of Nomioidinae belonging to Iranian bee fauna. The known geographical distribution of the bees both within country and worldwide are shown. Key words: checklist, bee, Nomioidinae, Nomioides hybridus, Iran. Introduction of this paper is to summarize the available published data on Iranian Nomioidinae. We hope that this work will be sup- Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with more than 17000 de- ported by a revision and monograph of the genera Nomioides scribed species worldwide, are the most important pollina- and Ceylalictus including a key for the species. tors of flowering plants and play a key role in ecosystem function (Michener 2007). Bees are currently classified into seven families (Stenotritidae, Colletidae, Andrenidae, Halic- Material and methods tidae, Melittidae, Megachilidae and Apidae) (Michener 2007) The present paper includes nearly all data given in the literature.
    [Show full text]