Sugary Drinks COMIC FIXING a So Bad for Me? QAMUTIIK Takuttalirilli!

ISSUE 10

Festivals in Nunavut

Sealskin in Outer Space FAQ: Why Are Sugary Drinks COMIC FIXING A So Bad for Me? QAMUTIIK Takuttalirilli!

Editors and Emma Renda Contributors Jennifer Hughes consultants Alexander Hoffman Dorothy Milne Louise Flaherty Caleb MacDonald Emily Jackson Monica Ittusardjuat Amanada Sandland Jordan Hoffman Nancy Goupil Dana Hopkins Andrea Flaherty Emma Renda Jaypeetee Arnakak Designers Amelia Spedaliere Jeela Palluq-Cloutier Yulia Mychkina Rachel Blais Mary Kilabuk Drew Gravelle Meeka Aqqiaruq Dana Hopkins

Department of Education, Government of Nunavut PO Box 1000, Station 960, Iqaluit, NU X0A 0H0

Design and layout copyright © 2021 Inhabit Education Text copyright © Inhabit Education Images: © Mark Aspland, front cover • © bekirevren/shutterstock.com, front cover • © Images courtesy of Maize Longboat (Kanien'kehá:ka)/Art by Ray Caplin (Mi’gmaq), pages 2–3 • © Image Archives Canada, page 4 • © Timkal/commons.wikimedia.org, page 4 • © Carsten Medom Madsen/ shutterstock.com, page 5 • © Alexander Hoffman, page 5 • © Appreciate/shutterstock.com, page 5 • © Chao Kusollerschariya/shutterstock.com, page 5 • © Alexander Hoff- man, page 6 • © jnerad/shutterstock.com, pages 6–7 • © Delpixel/shutterstock.com, page 6 • © epic_images/shutterstock.com, page 6 • © Guitar photographer/shutterstock. com, page 7 • © JenJ_Payless/shutterstock.com, page 7 • © Victoria Okpik • © NASA/commons.wikimedia.org, page 9 • © JaySi/istockphoto.com, pages 8–9 • © Marcos Mesa Sam Wordley/shutterstock.com, page 10 • © Duplass/shutterstock.com, page 11 • © marekuliasz/shutterstock.com, page 11 • © pukao/shutterstock.com, page 11 • © Olexandr Panchenko/shutterstock.com, page 12 • © Thanatip S./shutterstock.com, page 12 • © Axel Bueckert/shutterstock.com, page 13 • © P Maxwell Photography/ shutterstock.com, page 13 • © Orla/shutterstock.com, page 14 • © Liz Wilson/commons.wikimedia.org, page 15 • © Food Impressions/shutterstock.com, page 15 • © Juan Aunion/shutterstock.com, page 15 • © jfergusonphotos/shutterstock.com, page 15 • © Discott/commons.wikimedia.org, page 15 • © Julian Watters/commons.wikimedia.org, page 15 • © Hywit Dimyadi/shutterstock.com, pages 16–17 • © Peter Van den Bossche/commons.wikimedia.org, page 17 • © Einalem/commons.wikimedia.org, page 17 • © Chris Howey/shutterstock.com, pages 18–19 • © Inhabit Education, page 19 • © Amanda Sandland, pages 20–23 • © Lenny Lishchenko, pages 24–25 • © Ansgar Walk/ commons.wikimedia.org, pages 26–27 • © CBC North, page 26 • © LittlePerfectStock/shutterstock.com, page 28 • © nattiqfrolics/facebook.com, page 28 • © ALPO/shutterstock.com, page 28 • © Zodar/shutterstock.com, page 28 • © ToonikTyme/facebook.com • © Dana.S/shutterstock.com, page 29 • © Lightspring/shutterstock.com, page 30 • © nani888/shutterstock.com, pages 30–31 • © Irina Vaneeva/shutterstock.com, pages 30–31 • © Tracie Léost, page 31 • © Yves Longpré, page 31 • © Marianna Pash- chuk/shutterstock.com, page 32 • © handini_atmodiwiryo/shutterstock.com, page 32 • © Yevgen Kravchenko/shutterstock.com, page 32 • © lineartestpilot/shutterstock.com, page 33 • © Epine/shutterstock.com, page 34 • © Lemon Workshop Design/shutterstock.com, page 35 • © Semen Kuzmin/shutterstock.com, page 36 • © Alliance Images/ shutterstock.com, page 37 • © Sheila Flaherty, page 37 • © Sean Bigham, pages 38–45

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Developed and published in Canada by Inhabit Education www.inhabiteducation.com Contents

Our World

Game Profile: Terra Nova...... 2 Photo Essay: Housing around the World...... 4 Sealskin in Outer Space...... 8 FAQ: Why Are Sugary Drinks So Bad for Me?...... 10

Our Land

Ice Age Tools and Weapons ...... 14 Making a Fusion Meal with Country Food...... 16 How to Use a Compass...... 18

Our Culture

Elijah and Elisapee: Fixing a Qamutiik...... 20 Northern Beats: Josh Q and the Trade-Offs...... 24 Career Profile: Journalist Madeleine Allakariallak Tells Nunavut's Stories ...... 26 Festivals in Nunavut...... 28

Our Selves

Youth Perspectives: Indigenous Athletes...... 30 FAQ: How Can I Make an Informed Decision about Cannabis?...... 32 I Want to Be a Cook ...... 36

Our Words

Readers' Theatre: Journey to the Winter Camp...... 38 OUR WORLD

Review Game Profile: Terra Nova

erra Nova is a game you can Meet Maize Longboat play on a computer. The game is set far in the future after a major Maize Longboat is a game creator disaster nearly destroyed Earth. The from British Columbia. He went to game is designed to teach players the University of British Columbia different things. Players learn about to learn about media studies. Then the importance of working together, he went to Quebec to study at and about how to take care of the Concordia University. land. They also get a chance to learn about how Indigenous peoples and Maize is Kanien'kehá:ka from settlers have interacted with each Six Nations. He is interested in how other throughout human history. Indigenous cultures are shown in video games, and he wanted to make his In the game, something terrible own game. He had never made a game happened that changed Earth and before, so he looked at many different made it hard for people to live here. video games and took classes on One group of people went to space to how to make them. He worked find another planet to live on. Another with a team to make the story, art, group stayed on Earth and adapted sound, and gameplay come to life. to life after the disaster. When the game starts, thousands of years have Maize wants to passed since the disaster. The two keep working on groups no longer know each other. Indigenous game development. He There are two main characters in wants to support Terra Nova. One is Terra, an Elder other Indigenous on Earth. Her people respect and game makers and take care of the environment. The continue to tell other character is Nova. He is part his own stories of the group who left Earth. Nova is through games. in a spaceship that crashes on Earth.

2 OUR WORLD

Nova is separated from the rest of the the work of a talented team of artists people on the ship. That’s when Terra and designers. Ray and Maize had and Nova meet. They must work together fun looking at what people might wear to help Nova get back to his people. and what the environment might look like so far in the future. Maize wanted to Maize wanted to show Indigenous show Indigenous people and their culture many years people and their beyond today. He likes the idea of culture many years giving Indigenous game players a beyond today. message of hope about their future. Maize told CBC Radio that projects like this one “are important for showing The game was made by a storyteller not only Indigenous youth but our named Maize Longboat, who is communities what is possible and Kanien'kehá:ka from Six Nations. Maize what we’re all striving for.”  was interested in stories about first contact between Indigenous and non- Images courtesy of Maize Longboat (Kanien'kehá:ka). Art by Ray Caplin (Mi’gmaq). Indigenous peoples. Instead of telling a story from history, he decided to set his game in the far future. He also wanted to tell the story from the point of view of an Indigenous character.

The game is for two players. Each player controls one of the main Terra Nova won the award for Best characters. The players must work Emerging Digital or Interactive Work together, controlling their characters at the imagineNATIVE Film + Media at the same time. Together, they Arts Festival in 2019. The game can solve puzzles and explore the be played on Windows computers. game’s environment. One person can’t do it alone. You can download it at https://maizelongboat.itch.io/terra-nova. The game features the artwork of Mi’gmaq artist Ray Caplin along with

3 Photo Essay Housing around the World veryone needs shelter to stay safe and healthy. Depending on where people live, they might need a home that keeps them warm or cool, Eand protects them from snow or rain. Homes are where we eat, sleep, keep our belongings, and live our lives. In some places, people continue to live in housing that is traditional to the region. This type of housing is often built using resources from the land, like mud, stones, or wood. Other people live in modern homes. Let’s look at traditional and modern homes around the world.

Jones Sound and Grise Fiord, Nunavut

In this picture, an Inuk is This picture shows houses in Grise outside an iglu. As you probably Fiord. Many people in Nunavut live know, Inuit traditionally lived in houses like these. Houses are in igluit in the winter. Today, often built on stilts to keep them off some hunters still build igluit the frozen permafrost. when they are on the land.

4 Læsø and Copenhagen, Denmark

Photo by Alexander Hoffman The traditional home in this picture has a roof made out of seaweed. In this picture, you see apartment Groups of women worked together to buildings in the background and add layers of seaweed and branches to a houseboat in front of them. the roof. Houseboats are real boats, but they usually stay in one place. Inside, they’re just like other homes, with bedrooms, kitchens, and Yucatán and Guanajuato, Mexico bathrooms!

The traditional house in this picture has walls made of sticks and mud. The roof is made of palm leaves. It’s In this picture, you see many made at a very steep angle to colourful homes built on a keep rain from gathering on hillside. Many people live close the roof and leaking inside. together in this area. The floor is made of gravel. 5 The Steppes and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Photo by Alexander Hoffman

This picture shows a mix of modern This picture shows a traditional apartment buildings and traditional round tent called a ger. This tent is gers, still in use today. designed to be portable. Mongolians were traditionally nomads. Some are still nomadic, so being able to take their home with them is important. The tent is made of felt from sheep’s wool. Cappadocia and Istanbul, Turkey

In this picture, the homes are built directly This picture shows a rainbow- into mountains. People carved out space coloured apartment building in for their houses right into mountainsides. Istanbul. Rock-cut homes and People made homes like this as many as apartment buildings are two 1500 years ago. different ways for people to live 6 close together! The Steppes and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Shirakawa and Tokyo, Japan

This picture shows a thatched- roof house in Japan. Thatching This picture shows a tall apartment was a way to use dried grasses building. Many apartment buildings and other materials to make a in Tokyo have between 10 and 30 watertight roof. This area gets floors. Some are even taller, with as lots of snow, and the thatching many as 60 floors. This means a lot of helps keep people inside warm people can live in the building. More and dry. than 14 million people live in the city today, and everyone needs a home!  7 Sealskin in Outer Space

ictoria Okpik is an Inuk designer who creates V sealskin bracelets. Victoria grew up in Quaqtaq, Nunavik. She went to LaSalle College to study fashion and now lives in Montreal. People from all over the world buy Victoria’s bracelets to take home with them. One bracelet she made recently went somewhere very special—outer space.

Photo courtesy of Victoria Okpik

8 A Canadian astronaut named Véronique. David and Véronique David Saint-Jacques wanted to both wore their bracelets in take one of Victoria’s bracelets December 2018 when they and into space with him. David is their three children went to the not originally from Nunavik, but country of Kazakhstan. Véronique he worked as a family doctor in and the children watched as David Sealskin Puvirnituq, Nunavik. One of David’s got on a Russian rocket. The friends from Nunavik is also rocket took David up into space friends with Victoria. In July 2018, for a six-month stay aboard the in Outer David asked his friend for one of International Space Station. Victoria’s sealskin bracelets to take He returned to Earth on June 24, with him into space! 2019. Space Victoria understands why David Victoria knew that the sealskin wanted to take the bracelet. She bracelet was blasting into space said, “David wanted to bring with David. She said it was “a something that was meaningful proud moment for me, and I’m to Inuit. I think because he was sure other Inuit feel the same a doctor up north, so I think that way.” While David was in space, he feels he has a connection. He at the end of a hard day, Victoria chose a sealskin bracelet.” would stare into the night sky and think of the sealskin bracelet she Victoria made two bracelets of made. She said it was nice to sealskin and leather. One was for “know that this thing is in space… David and one was for his wife, somewhere!” 

The International Space Station is a satellite that orbits Earth in what is called “low orbit.” Low orbit means the satellite travels about 400 kilometres above Earth.

9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:

WHY ARE Sugary Drinks SO BAD FOR ME?

10 e’ve heard a million times that Sugary drinks can be very tasty, but sugary drinks aren’t good for we know that too much sugar isn’t W us. But do we really know why? good for us. It can cause our teeth Sugary drinks like pop, fruit juice, and to decay, especially if we don’t brush energy drinks are, you guessed it, full properly. Sugary drinks don’t contain of sugar! How much sugar? One any nutrients that our bodies need, 590 millilitre bottle of pop contains like vitamins or minerals. Eating and one-third of a cup of sugar. drinking too much sugar can also lead to diseases like diabetes and That’s as much sugar as in these heart disease. doughnuts!

Diabetes is a disease that affects how our body uses glucose, which is a type of sugar. Glucose is our body’s main source of fuel. When we eat, our body turns food into glucose and uses it for energy. An organ in our body called the pancreas creates something called insulin. Insulin helps the glucose get to cells in our body to give them energy. When a person has diabetes, their body doesn’t make insulin or doesn’t use it properly. This means that glucose builds up in the body and causes blood sugar levels to rise.

Diabetes can cause people to feel very hungry or thirsty and have blurry vision, and can make them feel tired. They might have to urinate frequently. Diabetes might stop cuts or sores from healing properly.

In some cases, diabetes can be caused by eating an unhealthy diet, including lots of sugar, and not getting enough exercise.

11 Q: HOW DO I KNOW IF A BEVERAGE Q: WHY SHOULD I DRINK IS HEALTHY OR NOT? WATER INSTEAD?

Some drinks might look healthy. For Water is very important because example, they might have pictures of it helps our bodies work properly. fruit on their labels or say things like Water keeps you hydrated. It helps “No Sugar Added.” But it’s important you digest food, regulates your to read the ingredient list. There are body temperature, and makes you many different words for “sugar.” feel focused. You should aim to A drink that has any of the words make water your main beverage in the image below as the first or throughout the day. second ingredient is probably not a healthy choice.

If you’re still not sure if it’s a healthy beverage, have a glass of water or milk instead!

12 It can be hard to remember to drink z Pour yourself and each of your lots of water every day. Here are family members a glass of water some ways you can drink more water: with each meal.

z z Bring a reusable water bottle to Whenever you want a glass of school so you always have water fruit juice or a pop, have a glass throughout the day. Encourage of water instead. Try adding your friends and family members a slice of lemon or cucumber, to do the same! or some frozen fruit to water to give it a different flavour. If you z Add ice to the water or keep a jug really want something fizzy, try of water in the fridge so it’s always unsweetened soda water! cold. Cold water is so refreshing!

WATER IS FREE!

Drinking water and milk is good for you, and it’s also cheaper than sugary drinks. Let’s take a look at how much money you can save by choosing healthy beverages.

1 litre 1 litre 1 energy 1 litre 1 litre pop apple juice drink 2% milk tap water

$4.00 $6.50 $7.00 $3.00 FREE

If you buy a litre of pop at least once a week, you could save $338 in one year by choosing to drink water instead. Think of something you’d like to buy for yourself, like a new hockey stick, a video game, or even a bike. Every time you think about buying a sugary drink, remember that you can save that money instead! 

13 OUR LAND Ice Age Tools and Weapons

arth is about 4.5 billion years and North and South America. Ice old, and it has gone through age glaciers can still be found in Emany changes in that time. Nunavut, Greenland, and Antarctica. Millions of years ago, the area we People lived in Nunavut during the know as Nunavut was more like a end of the last ice age. The way they tropical swamp. Many thousands of lived was both similar to and different years ago, there was an ice age. An than how we live today. ice age is when Earth goes through a period of cooling temperatures Humans who lived in the Arctic and freezing. Scientists estimate during the last ice age relied on that there have been five ice ages in hunting and gathering. They hunted Earth’s history. gigantic animals such as the mastodon. Tools and weapons that The most recent ice age began over these ancient humans used included 2 million years ago and lasted until spears, axes, and flake tools. Ice age about 11 000 years ago. During the hunters created tools and weapons last ice age, big sheets of ice, out of stone, wood, mammoth ivory, called glaciers, covered and other animal bones. Here is a most of the world, look at some of the tools used by including large ancient humans during the last parts of Europe ice age.

14 OUR LAND

Hammerstone A hammerstone was made of almost unbreakable rock. People used it to shape other tools and weapons. Hammerstones were also used to crack open animal skulls and bones so people could eat the brains and marrow inside.

Spears Many ice age spears were made of sharpened wood. Toward the end of the ice age, hunters added stone points to their spears. Spears were used for hunting animals.

Hand axes and choppers A chopper was a rock with one sharp, jagged edge. It was used for butchering meat. Hand axes were also made from rock, but were sharp on both sides instead of only one side. They could be used for digging, cutting, and chopping, and could be broken down to create flake tools.

Flake tools Flake tools were made by striking flakes of stone from a larger piece of stone using a hard instrument, like a hammerstone. Flakes of stone that came off of the larger piece were sharp. They could be made into thin stone tools or blades. Flake tools were used for cutting and scraping, including scraping skins to make clothing and shelter.  15 Making a Fusion Meal Indian Curry with Country with Caribou Food Serves 4 people

ountry food is traditional Ingredients Inuit food, like meat, fish, or plants, that is hunted or • 2 tbsp vegetable oil Charvested from the land. Examples • 6 green onions, thinly sliced of country food include seal, caribou, • 3 garlic cloves, chopped char, clams, and berries. Inuit have eaten country food for thousands of • Half a 400 mL can of diced years. Country food is full of many tomatoes nutrients, and it keeps people strong, • 2 tbsp curry powder healthy, and warm. • 1 tsp ground ginger • 1 ½ cups of caribou, cut into Around the world, foods from 1-inch pieces different cultures are added to other foods to create new flavours and • 1 cup water exciting dishes. This combination of • ⅟³ cup plain yogurt fusion food foods is called . • Salt and pepper, to taste

Nanook Express, the popular food truck in downtown Iqaluit, makes creative fusion dishes with country food. They make Mexican fish tacos with turbot or Arctic char. They also make a Korean dish called bulgogi with caribou meat.

Is there a country that you have visited or want to visit? Find out what types of food people eat there and think about country food that you would like to use in those dishes. Try to make your own version at home!

16 Other Indigenous peoples around the world also have traditional foods that Method are part of their healthy diets today.

1. Heat the oil in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add the onions and garlic and stir for 1 minute. Add tomatoes, curry powder, and ginger and cook for another 3 to 4 minutes.

2. Add the caribou and cook for 6 to 8 minutes. Make sure to mix the sauce in with the caribou so it’s Sami people are indigenous to the coated on all sides. Sápmi territory in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. They preserve 3. Add water and bring curry to reindeer meat and fish by smoking, a boil. Once it comes to a boil, salting, and drying it. Sami make a reduce the heat to low and reindeer jerky called gåjkkebierggo continue to cook for 10 to 15 that is similar to caribou jerky. minutes.

4. Take the curry off the heat and stir in the yogurt. Season with salt and pepper and serve on rice. 

Māori people are indigenous to New Zealand. Māori traditional foods include fish, clams, and seal. They use a traditional oven, called a hāngi, to cook food for special occasions. The hāngi is a hole dug in the ground, where food is buried with very hot rocks. The soil traps the heat from the rocks, and the trapped heat cooks the food.

17 How to Use a Compass

hen we go on the land, we want W to make sure we can find our way safely. That’s why it’s important to bring GPS and SPOT devices with you whenever you go.

Next time you go on the land, why not bring a compass with you, too? A compass is a great tool to have when you are on the land or water. A compass doesn’t need batteries or a digital signal. You can use it any time and it will help you figure out what direction you need to go.

18 This is what a compass looks like.

A compass will help you find the right direction-of-travel arrow direction, even if you don’t have a map. This is how you use it:

Place the compass flat on your palm with the direction-of-travel arrow 1 pointed directly away from you.

Spin the compass ring until the direction you wish to travel in is lined 2 up with the direction-of-travel arrow. compass ring

Slowly turn your body until the red end of the compass needle is 3 pointing north. You are now facing compass needle the direction you wish to go in.

How does this work in real life? Imagine you are at your camp and you know there is a spot southeast where you wish to hunt. Hold the You can now start to move, following compass flat in the palm of your the direction-of-travel arrow. Find a spot hand with the direction-of-travel in front of you in the distance to travel arrow pointed directly away from toward. As you travel, remember to you. Turn the compass ring to line check your compass frequently. Keep up the point midway between south an eye on how long you travel. When it’s and east with the direction-of-travel time to return to your camp, follow the arrow. Then, slowly turn your body, steps above but travel in the opposite keeping your palm flat, until the direction (northwest) for the same red end of the compass needle is amount of time.  pointing north.

You can use a compass with a map, too. If you want to learn more about how to use a compass, talk to someone at your local Hunters and Trappers Organization. When using a compass in the North, you should also figure out where you are in relation to magnetic north. You can do this by talking to someone at your HTO. 19 OUR CULTURE Elijah & & Elisapee Fixing a Qamutiik Written by Caleb MacDonald

What are you two I could use help this doing out here? morning. Maybe you’ll even learn something.

Nothing. It’s a boring morning.

BORING?! How can you be bored on a beautiful morning like this? There is always work that needs to be done.

22 33

20 OUR CULTURE

Okay, what do you see that needs to be fixed?

The napuuk, and the ropes are all frayed.

Also the sliders. And is 44 that a crack in the runner?

Uncle Markoosie, do you think it might be There is lots of life better to just make left in this one. We a new qamutiik? just need to fix it. Come with me.

I think one more small Would this work? two-by-four should be enough. Then, we’ll have to find something we can cut into metal strips.

Yes! That is perfect.

66 21 The first thing we need to do is make some new napuuk.

Should we make two? They were broken at the front.

Look carefully. Three others have broken ends. That makes it hard to tie down the load. We’ll make five new napuuk. 77

These napuuk look great! Good cuts, Elijah. And Elisapee, that filing will keep the rope from getting frayed on sharp edges.

Good. Once Elisapee attaches the plastic and Elijah countersinks the nails, we can plane the plastic to make sure it’s smooth and glides well.

22 This should hold the runner. We have to put in many nails to make sure it doesn’t crack more. The metal will support it.

I’ve seen people wrap the sliders around the top instead of using metal.

Yes, that’s right! There are lots of different ways to build a qamutiik.

1010

Yes, good. Keep pulling! This is harder than I thought it would be.

But you’ve done such a good job. This qamutiik will last a long time! 1111

No! So, was this a boring day after all?

Now we just need some 1212 snow so we can test it! 

23 Northern Beats!

Josh O and the trade offs

24 Northern Beats!

osh Qaumariaq knows all about “Arctic soul.” That’s the kind of J music he plays with his band, Josh Q and the Trade-Offs.

“Arctic soul” describes the way the band blends rock and blues music and sings about life in Nunavut. Josh plays guitar and sings in English and Inuktitut.

Josh began listening to blues when he was 18. Soon after, he learned to play guitar. He and bassist Jeff Maurice formed the band the Trade-Offs in 2012.

Some of Josh’s songs are about the long, dark winters, and some are about difficult emotions and situations that many people experience. He says, “A Music isn’t the only way that lot of my songs are about the dark days Josh expresses his creativity. He in my own life. But I have a song called also works on Qanurli?, an Inuit ‘Qaumariaq,’ which means brighten television show that airs on APTN. up, or lighten up. It’s about trying to get The show is a mix of comedy, away from that darkness.” drama, and music. He has created music for the show. He has also Josh and his band are well known all written and directed episodes and over Nunavut. The band was featured acted as host on the air. on the national CBC radio show q to kick off Nunavut Music Week in 2019. Josh is happy to see how many They have also played in many places musicians are thriving in Nunavut around Canada, including Vancouver, today. “There’s a pretty good boom Edmonton, Toronto, Ottawa, and at the of young musicians in Nunavut Aqpik Jam Music Festival in Nunavik. right now,” he says. Music is “a They even played at the Juno Awards in great opportunity for people to  2018 along with the Jerry Cans. have a new path.”

25 CAREER PROFILE

Journalist Madeleine Allakariallak Tells Nunavut’s Stories

ou might have seen Madeleine Allakariallak on television, heard Y her on the radio, or seen her in your community. She has been a journalist with the CBC for almost 20 years!

Madeleine was born in Resolute Bay. She knew she wanted to be a journalist when she was a kid. She used to watch Inuktitut- speaking journalists on TV.

“I saw just how important it was for my unilingual Inuktitut-speaking grandmother to hear and see the world events in the only language she spoke,” Madeleine says.

Madeleine learned most of her journalism skills on the job at the CBC in Iqaluit. She learned how to do research, conduct interviews, write stories, and meet deadlines.

26 She also learned how to produce her shows, “Inuit are capable and smart,” she says. which meant finding stories to report on and “We need to tell our own stories.” people to interview on the show. Madeleine reads the news in Inuktitut and She says she was always a storyteller and English, which means she has to write and a strong communicator, so the work felt read two separate scripts. She is passionate natural. She has also taken some courses about preserving the Inuktitut language and offered by the CBC in Toronto. hopes that when Inuit see her reading the news in Inuktitut, they will be Working in journalism can be busy, inspired to continue speaking but it’s also fun. “There are no "We need the language too. dull moments,” Madeleine says. you,” “It’s a great way to make friends. “Our beautiful language,” she Often in this business, you become she says. says. “We need to continue family with your peers because “Nunavut speaking it so we don’t lose it work is demanding. You have to at the rate we are.” trust each other to make the news needs and shows happen.” you." Journalism can lead you to many different careers. But Madeleine says some parts of After starting out at the CBC, the job can be challenging. Sometimes she Madeleine tried different jobs both in and couldn’t get a babysitter in the early hours outside of Nunavut. Then she returned to of the morning, so she would bring her little the CBC to host Igalaaq, the only Inuktitut girls to work with her at 5 a.m. supper-hour news program on TV in Canada. Madeleine also says she has found it frustrating to work in a newsroom in Madeleine encourages young Inuit to take Nunavut that is not filled with Inuit staff. on the challenge of becoming journalists. She tries to help educate her non-Inuit co- workers about the Inuktitut language and “We need you,” she says. “Nunavut the culture and issues of the North. She needs you.”  says she wants to see more Inuit get into broadcasting by going to journalism school.

If you are interested in a career in KITIKMEOT 1-800-661-0845 journalism, you can talk to a career KIVALLIQ 1-800-953-8516 development officer in your region. > QIKIQTANI 1-800-567-1514

27 Festivals in Nunavut

ll across Nunavut, you will find A festivals and celebrations. People love to celebrate here! They celebrate the return of the sun and holidays like Christmas, Eid, and New Year’s.

Spotlight on: Nattiq Frolics in Kugluktuk

In Kugluktuk, you know spring is coming when it’s time for Nattiq Frolics! This festival takes place in April. It offers something for everyone. Here are some of the events the community can take part in:

• Square dancers of all ages can get together and dance at the community centre. • During the Traditional Fashion Show, participants show off their best handmade traditional clothing. • Outdoor contests include snowmobile races, a tug-of-war, ice chiselling, and target shooting. • People can listen to music at concerts that are held throughout the week. • Delicious food like muskox stew and char chowder are served. • People can take part in a parade where they make their own floats! 28 Spotlight on: Toonik Tyme in Iqaluit

The Toonik Tyme Festival happens in April in Iqaluit. It’s been celebrated for over 50 years! Here are some of the things you can do during the festival:

• Eat at different feasts and barbecues • Get together at a bonfire • Watch or take part in sports like Kugaaruk skiing, skijoring, snowmobile races, In , you will and Inuit games see beautiful Christmas • Cheer on participants in traditional lights in December. From competitions like the seal-skinning strings of lights to fancy contest and the tea-and-bannock- shapes, this community making contest makes an effort to brighten • See art, movies, and concerts up the dark holiday • Make crafts or shop at the craft sale season. How does your community like to celebrate?  In Gjoa Haven, you can take part in the Qavvavik Frolics in May. This festival features drum dancing, throat singing, Inuit games, and feasts. There’s great fishing in Whale Cove! In May there is an annual fishing derby. People from all over the region gather to see who In Arviat, you can catch the biggest lake can go to the trout! You can even win Inummarit Music prizes. Festival in September. This festival is a showcase of Inuit music! 29 OUR SELVES

YOUTH PERSPECTIVES Indigenous Athletes

port is an important part of many cultures. Moving our bodies, also have to keep up good grades Spushing ourselves to be our best, and study their native languages. competing, and playing with friends The goal is for the students to gain are important aspects of sport. Let’s skills that will help them throughout look at Indigenous athletes who are their lives while also competing in making a mark on their sports! basketball and having fun.

The team became famous when they 1. The Niños Triqui won an international competition in Argentina in 2013 while playing basketball team barefoot. At that time, they didn’t have enough money for shoes. After The Niños Triqui basketball team that win, the Mexican government is made up of youth from the Triqui began to pay for shoes and uniforms Indigenous people of Oaxaca, a for the team. state in Mexico. Basketball has always been a favourite sport in The team continues to play in and Oaxaca. This team came together in win competitions today. Recently, 2009 when professional basketball they’ve competed in Las Vegas, player Sergio Zúñiga moved to United States, and Barcelona, Spain. the state to work with Indigenous youth. He started a school called the Indigenous Basketball Academy of Mexico. There, students work on their basketball skills. They 30 2. Tracie Léost

Tracie is a Métis track and field athlete. At the age of 15, Tracie competed in the 2014 North American Indigenous Games (NAIG). She won bronze medals in the 1200-metre race, the 2000-metre race, and the 3-kilometre cross-country race in the girls under-16 category.

Tracie had been nervous to compete, 3. Braeden Picek but she found strength in taking Braeden is a speed skater from Inuvik, part in the games along with 5000 Northwest Territories. He is Inuvialuit other Indigenous athletes. She says, and enjoys drum dancing. Braeden has “Someone speaking that night said, participated in the Arctic Winter Games ʽyou're the generation that picks up since 2014. At the 2018 games, he won the broken pieces.ʼ I came home from gold in the short-track speed skating NAIG super passionate about my 1000-metre race and 1500-metre race people and Indigenous culture.” in the individual junior male category. Her experiences at the games inspired He was also part of the gold medal– her to learn more about the history winning relay team. of missing and murdered Indigenous Braeden now trains at the Olympic Oval women in Canada. To raise money and in Calgary. He likes short-track speed awareness, she ran 115 kilometres skating best. To excel in this sport, you along a highway in Manitoba. She need good skating skills, but you need called her run the MMIW Journey of other skills, too! He says you need Hope. physical and mental strength for this sport. He also says a good sense of strategy is important.

Braeden says, “My role model is Michael Gilday because he is from the NWT and became a world champion and is a former world record holder.” Braeden’s goal is to keep doing better at his sport so he can represent his territory at different games.  31 Cannabis can be prepared and used in many ways. For example, cannabis can be dried (this is called bud) or can be used to make different products like cannabis oil, hashish, or hash oil (also known as shatter or budder). It can be How Can smoked, vaped, or put into food or drink and eaten. I Make an FAQ: The more THC there is in cannabis, the Informed stronger it is, and the more it affects Decision about your mind and body. How does cannabis Cannabis? affect my…

annabis became legal to purchase and use in Canada in C October 2018. Each province and territory has rules around how cannabis can be sold and who is allowed to sell it.

In Nunavut, you must be 19 years or older to legally buy, have, or use cannabis. The earlier a person starts using cannabis, the more harm it can do. That’s because our brains keep growing until we are about 25 years of age. Consider holding off from trying cannabis as long as possible so that your brain can finish developing. What is cannabis?

Cannabis, also known as weed or pot, comes from a plant. It contains a chemical called THC that makes you feel high or changes the way your mind works.

32 Using cannabis regularly Brain? before the age of 25 can change how your brain develops. This can affect your thinking and ability to make decisions. Cannabis can also affect your memory and concentration, making it harder to learn and remember things. This is why being high at school or on the job is never a good idea.

Because Mental health? cannabis can alter your state of mind, it can also affect your mental health. Too much at one time can cause anxiety, paranoia, or panic. In some Don't drive high! cases, cannabis use can cause psychosis, which is when a person’s thoughts become Cannabis can make you drowsy mixed up and they lose touch with reality. and slow your reaction time. They may feel, see, or hear things that are This drug can make it harder not really there. If you already experience to pay attention and make mental health issues, using cannabis you uncoordinated. It can be regularly may make them worse. extremely dangerous to drive any vehicle while you’re using If cannabis use is getting in the way of your cannabis or after you have day-to-day life, you can always get help. used cannabis. This danger Speak with a mental health nurse or another can increase if you’re mixing health professional at your local health cannabis with other substances centre. like alcohol. This includes driving trucks, skidoos, ATVs, and Cannabis smoke has boats. You could seriously injure Lungs? many of the same toxic yourself or others. If someone chemicals as tobacco you know has used cannabis or smoke. When cannabis is smoked or vaped, any other substance and wants it can be harmful to your lungs, especially to drive, you can choose to find if you smoke often or hold the smoke another, safer way to get where in your lungs for a long period of time. you’re going. Regular cannabis use can lead to long-term problems with your breathing. 33 If you choose to use cannabis, use products with lower THC levels. Cannabis products that have a high amount of THC have been linked to greater health risks, including psychosis.

Plan a safe ride home. If you’re planning on using cannabis, don’t drive a motor vehicle (including a car, truck, ATV, skidoo, or boat). But cannabis is legal now, so I can still choose to use it, right? Wait until you’re older before trying If you are 19 years or older, you can cannabis. The younger you are purchase and use cannabis. There are when you start, the more health some things you can do to be safe and risks you could face. reduce health risks if you are using cannabis:

If you’re going to use cannabis, Avoid using cannabis every day. try a small amount at first to test The less often you use cannabis, how strong it is. Wait for it to kick in the fewer effects it will have on you. before having more. This is really important when eating cannabis, which takes longer (sometimes up to four hours) to experience the full effect in your body. Consider not using cannabis if you have family members with a history of mental illness or substance use problems. You may be more at risk of developing these issues.

34 Never use cannabis if you are The best way to avoid the risks of pregnant or breastfeeding. It can cannabis is to choose not to use the have serious and lasting impacts drug at all. on the baby. You can talk to a parent, family member, friend, Elder, or health professional to learn more about cannabis use. Make sure you know Don’t mix cannabis with other the facts so you can make the best drugs, including alcohol or decision for you.  tobacco. This can increase health risks, such as breathing problems.

For anonymous support, you can reach out to:

Nunavut Kamatsiaqtut Helpline (available 24 hours a day, seven days a week) at 1-867-979-3333 or toll-free at 1-800-265-3333

Crisis Services Canada—call or send a text to 1-833-456-4566

Call 1-800-668-6868 or chat with Kids Help Phone at kidshelpphone.ca

35 I Want to Be a Cook

eing a cook may seem pretty You’ll also need to know how certain straightforward. Cooks make ingredients taste together so that you meals in a restaurant, right? But can cook delicious dishes. This is really B there is actually so much more important if you want to become a chef to being a cook than just making food for and run your own kitchen. Chefs get to others. make up their own recipes. What do you need to know? What's the difference As a cook, you need to know how to prepare and cook many different types between a cook and a chef? of food in different ways. Depending on where you work, you may need A cook prepares food and follows to know how to butcher animals or recipes and a menu plan that a fillet fish. Wherever you work, you’ll chef has made. A chef supervises need to learn how to chop and cook in the kitchen and makes up vegetables properly. recipes and menus. A chef has also received more training at university or as an apprentice for other experienced chefs. 36 Most kitchens are busy places. It’s Where can I be a cook? important to be able to work well with others when you’re a cook because you’ll You might think that cooks only work have lots of other cooks and dishwashers in restaurants. While there are lots of and servers working with you. restaurants that you could work at in Nunavut, there are also many other Health and safety are a really important places you could be a cook. Hotels, part of the job. Many cooks take mines, fishing vessels, and cargo or courses on how to safely prepare food, cruise ships need cooks to prepare especially things like raw meat or fish. food for their workers and visitors.  In these courses, you also learn how to properly clean all your kitchen tools and Cook surfaces in the kitchen. How can I learn all this? You can learn a lot about how to be a cook by practising at home. Try cooking with your family and testing out new recipes that you find in cookbooks or online. Spotlight on: Sheila Flaherty, If you want to get training to become a Nunavut's master chef cook, you can go to college. There are cooking schools all across Canada! You Sheila Flaherty was the first can even train to become a Red Seal Indigenous contestant on Chef. This means that you can be a MasterChef Canada, a popular chef anywhere in the world. cooking competition TV show. One of her best known dishes is Arctic char ceviche, which is raw Arctic char seasoned with citrus and spices.

Sheila is Inuvialuk. She grew up in Ottawa before moving to Iqaluit with her husband, who is from Grise Fiord. In 2019, Sheila was elected to Iqaluit’s city council. She’s also a Chef/Founder of sijjakkut, a company that focuses on food and tourism.

37 OUR WORDS

Readers’ Theatre: Journey to the Winter Camp

his script is based on the book Journey to the Winter Camp by T Caleb MacDonald.

Characters

Narrator 1 Ataata

Narrator 2 Qulaut

Narrator 3

38 Illustrations by Sean Bigham OUR WORDS

Narrator 1: It was a beautiful day in the fall. Qulaut carefully chopped up some caribou meat. Many of the animals that his family hunted were moving on, so the meat supply was running low.

Narrator 2: Soon Qulaut’s family would be going to their winter camp. Qulaut was a bit sad to be leaving the summer camp, where his family had set up a skin tent together with a few other families. The men from the camp worked together to hunt, and Qulaut was eager to help.

Qulaut: When I’m old enough, I will get to hunt with the men. I will help to make sure that no one goes hungry.

Narrator 3: At the summer camp, caribou migrated close by and fish swam in the nearby river. The men caught fish in a stone weir.

Narrator 1: Now, as Qulaut finished chopping the meat, he heard the barking of sled dogs. Ataata was home from hunting.

Qulaut: You harvested a seal!

Ataata: Yes. This seal will be enough for our journey to the winter camp by dogsled. This year you are old enough to help me get the family safely to the camp.

Qulaut: I will, Ataata. I know that we must watch the weather so we are not caught in a snowstorm. We should also stay away from thin ice and watch out for polar bears.

39 Ataata: Atii, let’s get ready. Qulaut, feed the caribou meat to the dogs. They need to be well fed for the journey.

Narrator 2: The youngest sled dog, Kiva, pranced around happily as Qulaut fed her. This summer, it had been Qulaut’s job to train Kiva to join the team.

Qulaut: You are a good dog, Kiva! Look at how strong and eager you are. I’m proud of the way you have grown this summer.

Narrator 3: The next morning, Anaana took down the skin tent with the help of Qulaut’s younger brothers. Then the family loaded their belongings onto the qamutiik.

Narrator 1: Next, Anaana and Ataata covered the family’s belongings with caribou skins and tied everything down with sealskin rope.

Ataata: The dogs must be strong and determined to pull this heavy qamutiik. They will not have to pull quickly, but they must keep pulling for days.

Narrator 2: Now that everything was ready, the whole family piled onto the qamutiik. Ataata gave the command to go. The dogs were excited and started to run.

Qulaut: I’m old enough now to run beside the qamutiik like Ataata instead of riding the whole time. But at the beginning, the dogs are going too fast to keep up with, so I will ride.

40 Narrator 3: After a while, Ataata and Qulaut hopped off the sled and started to run. Soon they had to stop to untangle some of the traces that attached the dogs to the qamutiik.

Narrator 1: As they travelled on, from time to time Qulaut and Ataata had to push the qamutiik to move it around chunks of ice and large rocks.

Ataata: It’s hard work to drive dogs, but we can look forward to getting to our winter camp.

Qulaut: Yes, I can’t wait to see my friends and cousins! I want to show them what a good sled dog Kiva is.

Ataata: This year at the winter camp, you can help me to stretch caribou skins over the top of our sod house to keep the snow and cold out.

Narrator 2: Other families would live with Qulaut’s family at the winter camp. Some of the families were related to Qulaut, and some were not.

Narrator 3: Everyone at the winter camp was good at something special. Some of the women were excellent at sewing kamiit. Some of the men were skilled at making tools.

Narrator 1: Ataata and Qulaut kept running beside the qamutiik. Finally, Ataata called out to the dogs to slow down to a walk.

41 Ataata: Qulaut, do you see those small snowdrifts on the ground?

Qulaut: Yes. They look almost like tongues!

Ataata: These small drifts are made by the north wind. All the drifts point in the same direction. That means I can tell which way north is and I can figure out which way to go.

Narrator 2: Every time Qulaut travelled on the land with Ataata, he learned something new. Navigating by looking at snowdrifts was another skill that Qulaut would use someday.

Narrator 3: Ataata then pointed to the horizon.

Ataata: Do you see those grey clouds blowing across the sky?

Qulaut: Those look like storm clouds!

Ataata: That’s right. They’re still far away, but let’s watch them carefully. If it looks like there’s going to be a storm, we should camp for the night.

Narrator 1: Qulaut trusted Ataata to decide when they had to stop. They travelled a bit farther. Then dark clouds started to fill the sky, and the wind blew stronger.

Ataata: We can’t travel any farther today. Let’s unpack the qamutiik and set up the tent.

42 Narrator 2: Qulaut knew that later in the winter, Ataata would make an iglu when he needed shelter on the land. But there wasn’t enough snow for that yet.

Narrator 3: Qulaut and his brothers carried the caribou skins inside the tent and laid them out for sleeping. Ataata cut up some seal meat for the family to eat.

Qulaut: Here, Ataata, let me feed the dogs some seal meat. We’re all tired, but it’s my job to help you take care of the dogs.

Ataata: Thank you, son. The dogs did good work today, including Kiva.

Narrator 1: Outside, the dogs had curled up in tight balls with their tails over their noses. When they saw Qulaut, they stood up and shook the snow off their fur. Qulaut gave each dog a piece of meat and patted Kiva proudly.

Narrator 2: Back inside the tent, Qulaut took a piece of seal meat for himself. After all his hard work, he had never tasted anything so good.

Narrator 3: After he ate, Qulaut entertained his brothers by making the shape of a caribou with a piece of sinew.

Ataata: Once, long ago, when I was a young man, I was travelling on the ice. As I went, I tested the ice with my harpoon. All of a sudden, splash! My harpoon broke right through the ice.

43 Narrator 1: Qulaut sat up straight and listened carefully. He knew that by listening to Ataata’s stories, he could learn to be a good hunter, like Ataata.

Qulaut: How did you escape from the thin ice?

Ataata: My lead dog was very good at telling the thickness of the ice. She sniffed the ice and led me and the rest of the dogs to an area with thicker ice.

Qulaut: What an amazing dog!

Ataata: That dog was your dog Kiva’s anaanatsiaq. That is how I know Kiva will be a good dog. One day, she may save your life the way her anaanatsiaq saved mine.

Narrator 2: Qulaut grinned at Ataata. He was happy that he was Ataata’s son and that his dog was related to Ataata’s fine dog.

Narrator 3: As he lay down to sleep, Qulaut felt proud of the way he had helped today. He was excited to continue the journey tomorrow. 

44 45 I Want to Be a Cook

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