Cambridge Latin Course Unit 3 5Th Edition What's Changed?
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Impact of the Roman Army (200 BC – AD 476)
Impact of Empire 6 IMEM-6-deBlois_CS2.indd i 5-4-2007 8:35:52 Impact of Empire Editorial Board of the series Impact of Empire (= Management Team of the Network Impact of Empire) Lukas de Blois, Angelos Chaniotis Ségolène Demougin, Olivier Hekster, Gerda de Kleijn Luuk de Ligt, Elio Lo Cascio, Michael Peachin John Rich, and Christian Witschel Executive Secretariat of the Series and the Network Lukas de Blois, Olivier Hekster Gerda de Kleijn and John Rich Radboud University of Nijmegen, Erasmusplein 1, P.O. Box 9103, 6500 HD Nijmegen, The Netherlands E-mail addresses: [email protected] and [email protected] Academic Board of the International Network Impact of Empire geza alföldy – stéphane benoist – anthony birley christer bruun – john drinkwater – werner eck – peter funke andrea giardina – johannes hahn – fik meijer – onno van nijf marie-thérèse raepsaet-charlier – john richardson bert van der spek – richard talbert – willem zwalve VOLUME 6 IMEM-6-deBlois_CS2.indd ii 5-4-2007 8:35:52 The Impact of the Roman Army (200 BC – AD 476) Economic, Social, Political, Religious and Cultural Aspects Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, 200 B.C. – A.D. 476) Capri, March 29 – April 2, 2005 Edited by Lukas de Blois & Elio Lo Cascio With the Aid of Olivier Hekster & Gerda de Kleijn LEIDEN • BOSTON 2007 This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC 4.0 License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. -
A COMPANION to the ROMAN ARMY Edited By
ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page iii A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY Edited by Paul Erdkamp ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page i A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page ii BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical lit- erature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. Ancient History Published A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to the Classical Greek World Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to the Ancient Near East Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Edited by Daniel C. Snell Robert Morstein-Marx A Companion to the Hellenistic World A Companion to the Roman Empire Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by David S. Potter In preparation A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Late Antiquity Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Philip Rousseau A Companion to Archaic Greece A Companion to Byzantium Edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees Edited by Elizabeth James A Companion to Julius Caesar Edited by Miriam Griffin Literature and Culture Published A Companion to Catullus A Companion to Greek Rhetoric Edited by Marilyn B. Skinner Edited by Ian Worthington A Companion to Greek Religion A Companion to Ancient Epic Edited by Daniel Ogden Edited by John Miles Foley A Companion to Classical Tradition A Companion to Greek Tragedy Edited by Craig W. -
Mystical Rome V 2.0- July Release Morra Universal Cinematic Game System Contents Chapter Eight: Genre: Mystical Rome
Mystical Rome V 2.0- July Release Morra Universal Cinematic Game System Contents Chapter Eight: Genre: Mystical Rome ................................................................ 4 Mystical Rome Credits .................................................................................... 5 Target Audience ............................................................................................ 5 Rating and Descriptors: R ............................................................................... 5 Mystical Rome Inspiration ............................................................................... 6 Mystical Rome Budget .................................................................................... 7 Mystical Rome Archetypes ............................................................................... 7 Artisan .................................................................................................... 7 Barbarian ................................................................................................. 9 Bureaucrat ..............................................................................................10 Clergy ....................................................................................................11 Criminal ..................................................................................................12 Druid ......................................................................................................13 Gladiator .................................................................................................14 -
Roman Military Medicine
Roman Military Medicine Roman Military Medicine: Survival in the Modern Wilderness By Valentine J. Belfiglio and Sylvia I. Sullivant Roman Military Medicine: Survival in the Modern Wilderness By Valentine J. Belfiglio and Sylvia I. Sullivant This book first published 2019 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2019 by Valentine J. Belfiglio and Sylvia I. Sullivant All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-3087-6 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-3087-4 To Ellie and Brent. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations .................................................................................... ix Foreword ................................................................................................... xi Chapter I ..................................................................................................... 1 Introduction Chapter II .................................................................................................... 5 Sanitation in Ancient Roman Military Hospitals Chapter III ................................................................................................ 13 Control of Epidemics Chapter IV ............................................................................................... -
Ludus Militis
Ludus Militis Tactica Tactical Drill Handbook Kal. Maius ©MMDCCLXIII a.u.c. (©2010 A.D.) Lesson I Lesson III Stationary Commands Open Order Evolutions Reverte As you were! or, Revert to Original Position Movete. State Forward March! Halt! State Stand Fast! (or Rest in Place) Ad Contum [Scutum], Clina. Move. State. Redi Silentium Silence! Muta Locum Change Places! Mandata Captate Attention to Orders. Opening and Closing while Marching Captate Attention Iunge Close Order! Arma, Portate Carry Arms! Largi Open Order! Arma, Demittite Lower Arms! Ad Latus, Stringe By Flank, Draw In! Signum Demittite Leave the Standard! Largi ad Ambas Partes Open Up to Both Sides Commands to Adjust Formation Dirige Frontem Dress the Front! Move Ad Scutum Move Toward the Shield! Evolutions in Close Order Move Ad Contum Move Toward the Spear! Dirige, Frontem Dress the Front! Movete Forward March! Cede Give Way! Move ad Contum/Scutum Incline to the Right/Left Facings Lesson IV Ad Contum, Clina To the Spear, Face! Redi Return to Front! Change of Front Ad Scutum, Clina! To the Shield, Face! Ad Signum. Deponite To the Standard. Change Front by Files! Transforma About Face! Ad Contum, Iunge To the Spear, Close Up! Ad Contum Oblique, Clina! Right Oblique, Face! Ad Contum, Depone To the Spear, Change Front!. Ad Scutum Oblique, Clina! Left Oblique, Face! Ad Scutum, Largi To the Left Flank, Open Up! Doubling and Undoubling files Ad Scutum, Iunge To the Shield, Close Up! Ad Scutum, Depone To the Shield, Change Front!. Ad Duo. Exi To Two Ranks, File Out! Ad Contum, Largi To the Right Flank, Open Up! Ad Quattuor. -
University „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iaşi Faculty of History
UNIVERSITY „ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA” IAŞI FACULTY OF HISTORY ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS THE ORIGIN OF THE LEGIONARIES IN MOESIA INFERIOR PhD SUPERVISOR: PROF. UNIV. DR. LUCREŢIU MIHAILESCU BÎRLIBA Student – PhD: ELENA ADAM IAŞI 2013 THE ORIGIN OF THE LEGIONARIES IN MOESIA INFERIOR Elena ADAM CONTENTS Introduction 2 I. Legio V Macedonica 1. Short history of the legion 3 2. The analysis of the inscriptions 4 3. Conclusions 5 II. Legio I Italica 1. Short history of the legion 6 2. The analysis of the inscriptions 7 3. Conclusions 8 III. Legio XI Claudia 1. Short history of the legion 9 2. The analysis of the inscriptions 10 3. Conclusions 10 IV. Criteria of recruitment 1. Fighting for Rome 11 2. Considerations regarding recruitment in the 12 Roman Empire 13 The pattern of recruitment in Moesia Inferior 15 Supplementum epigraphicum 15 References 2 THE ORIGIN OF THE LEGIONARIES IN MOESIA INFERIOR Elena ADAM INTRODUCTION This paper is situated in the series of studies that follow the transition of the perspective over the Roman army seen as an institution, towards the analysis of individuals. The title suggests a composite approach of the subject, without claiming to unravel all the aspects of the issue. The topic can be seen as an equation with multiple variables that this thesis will try to define along the way. The submitted task is based on the necessity of establishing a pattern of recruitment for the province Moesia Inferior. Even though there are many studies where certain aspects of the legionary recruitment in the Roman provinces have been discussed, for example, Germania, Gallia, Britannia, or analyses of recruiting different ethnic groups in the Roman army (the Batavians, the Thracians, the Dacians, etc.), the analysis of the imperial recruitment system in the Danubian province debated here will underline interesting elements concerning the mobility and also the immobility of the legions. -
Salvētē, Omnēs
Latin 3H Nōmen Dr. McGay OLC: Ch. 35 worksheet on the Roman Army I, p. 1 Questions on Roman Army: (Read pages 16-17 and answer the following thoroughly & conscientiously) 1. Male citizens signed up to serve for how many years initially? 2. What did soldiers expect to get from their generals, to whom they swore an oath of allegiance, upon retirement? 3. What was the danger in swearing an oath of allegiance to a general? 4. What was the largest unit in a Roman army? 5. How many soldiers made up a legion at its greatest and fewest number? 6. The legion was divided into 10 ; 7. How many centuries made up a cohort? 8. Roughly how many soldiers made up a century? 9. The army commanders were usually ex- or ex- . 10. Define the term imperium: 11. What was the tent of the senior magistrates called which was located in the center of the camp? 12. Who commanded each legion? 13. How many young aristocratic tribuni usually helped the legatus legionis? 14. Centurions are like in a modern army. 15. Explain what primus pilus is: KEY TERMS: centurio, cohorts, imperium, legatus, legion, tribune, optio, praetorium, primus pilus, scutum, tesserarius. 16. What were the responsibilities of the centurions? 17. Who is Lucilius? 18. Who was the centurion’s second-in-command? 19. Who was the tesserarius? 20. What did the legionary soldier wear? 21. Why did the soldiers shave their beards? 22. The galea is the Latin word for a helmet. Describe the leginary helmet: 23. Describe and/or draw the scutum or shield: 24. -
Origins of Roman Infantry Equpiment: Innovation and Celtic Influence
ORIGINS OF ROMAN INFANTRY EQUPIMENT: INNOVATION AND CELTIC INFLUENCE Ian A. Martin Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS December 201 9 APPROVED: Christopher J. Fuhrmann, Major Professor Walter Roberts, Co-Major Professor Guy Chet, Committee Member D. Keith Mitchener, Committee Member Reid Ferring, Committee Member Jennifer Jensen Wallach, Chair of the Department of History Tamara L. Brown, Executive Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Victor Prybutok, Dean of the Toulouse Graduate School Martin, Ian A. Origins of Roman Infantry Equpiment: Innovation and Celtic Influence. Doctor of Philosophy (History), December 2019, 276 pp., 1 table, 35 figures, 1 appendix, bibliography, 23 ancient sources, 176 secondary sources. The Romans were known for taking technology and advancements from other peoples they encountered and making them their own. This pattern holds true in military affairs; indeed, little of the Roman military was indigenously developed. This dissertation looks at the origins of the Roman’s mainline weapons systems from the beginning of Roman Republic expansion in the fourth century BC to the abandonment of Western-style armaments in favor of Eastern style ones beginning in the late-third century AD. This dissertation determines that the Romans during that time relied predominately on the Celtic peoples of Europe for the majority of their military equipment. One arrives at this conclusion by examining at the origins of the major weapons groups: armor, shields, spears, swords, and missile weapons. This determination is based on the use of ancient written sources, artistic sources, and archaeological sources. It also uses the large body of modern scholarship on the individual weapons. -
Standing by the Standards
STANDING BY THE STANDARDS: MILITARY RANK AND SOCIAL STATUS IN THE ROMAN WEST FROM AUGUSTUS TO DIOCLETIAN Charles Henry Manklow Pembroke College Faculty of Classics University of Cambridge This thesis is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 2020 i DECLARATION This thesis is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted or is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my thesis has already been submitted, or is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the relevant Degree Committee. ii iii ABSTRACT Standing by the standards Military rank and social status in the Roman west from Augustus to Diocletian This thesis broadly conceived is about the relationship between military and civil society in the time of the Roman Principate. It is about making sense of the tensions experienced by the soldiers and veterans of the Roman army between their lives as milites and as cives. This thesis weaves soldiers and veterans back into the wider social fabric of the Roman world – the social environments from which they commenced their military service, and into which they would settle upon their discharge. -
The Auxilia of the Roman Imperial Army
OF THE IMfEai:^E ARMY BY G. L. CHEESMAN Price Five ShflHngs net OXFORD THE CLARENDON PRE5: T-;:'^;ifc^:fc7; ^v Tombstone of C. Romanius of the Ala Xoricoklm. (By kind permission of the authorities of the Stadtmuseum, Mainz.) J'roiitixJ>ie,r THE AUXILIA OF THE ROMAN IMPERIAL ARMY BY G. L. CHEESMAN, M.A. FELLOW AND LECTURER OF NEW COLLEGE, OXFORD OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1914 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON EDINBURGH GLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE BOMBAY HUMPHREY MILFORD M.A. PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY \ 'C^ ' ^^P- 1637 PREFACE The following essay is an attempt to deal with an interesting branch of Roman military history which has not previously been made the subject of an independent treatise. In a study of this kind, which relies largely upon epigraphical evi- dence to which additions are constantly being made, it is equally necessary that the scattered material available should at intervals be collected and utilized, and that the unfortunate collector should realize that his conclusions will inevitably be revised in the future in the light of fresh evidence. I hope, accordingly, that I have made some use of all sources of information available without acquiring or expressing excessive confi- dence in the finality of my deductions. Students of the military system of the Roman Empire may complain that a certain number of complicated questions are too summarily disposed of in the following pages, but if discussion of the evidence in detail has been occasionally omitted with the idea of keeping the size of this book within reason- able limits, I hope that I have been careful to indicate where uncertainty lies. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from anytype of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adverselyaffect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyrightmaterial had to be removed, a note willindicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. V-M=l University Microfilms International A Beil & Howell tntorrnation Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 --_._---- Order Number 9215033 The legionary horsemen: An essay on the equites legionis and equites promoti Pavkovic, Michael Frederick, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1991 Copyright @1991 by Pavkovil, Michael Frederick. -
THE DEPICTION of SOLDIERS on FUNERARY MONUMENTS of the 3RD CENTURY AD Jon Coulston by Far the Most
ART, CULTURE AND SERVICE: THE DEPICTION OF SOLDIERS ON FUNERARY MONUMENTS OF THE 3RD CENTURY AD Jon Coulston By far the most numerous depictions of soldiers in Roman art are to be found sculpted on the state ‘propaganda’ monuments of the 1st to 4th centuries ad, whether still standing, as in the cases of the Column of Trajan and the Arch of Severus in Rome, or represented by disiecta membra, as with the fragments of the Columns of Theodosius and Arcadius in Istanbul.1 However, these works were the products of metropolitan workshops and of sculptors whose rst priority might not necessarily have been to accurately reproduce the contemporary appearance of soldiers.2 At the very least, the sheer scale of these sculptural projects enforced some degree of stylisation and simpli\ cation going beyond the 1 Trajan’s Column involved the sculpting of 2,640 human gures on its helical frieze, 1,732 of which are Roman soldiers. See J.C.N. Coulston, All the Emperor’s Men: Roman Soldiers and Barbarians on Trajan’s Column (Oxford forthcoming). Later columns eschewed the same numbers, simplifying detail and scenery in favour of visibility from a distance. The frieze of the Column of Marcus Aurelius bore approximately 1,766 \ gures (E. Petersen, A. von Domaszewski and G. Calderini, Die Marcus-Säule auf der Piazza Colonna in Rom (Munich 1896)). The Arch of Severus in the Forum Romanum has gural representations on its ‘siege’ panels (485), its triumphal friezes (124) and on its pedestals (65) of which a total of 461 are soldiers (R.