Ants of the Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 1. Two New Myrmicine Genera and an Aberrant Pheidole
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Appreciably Modified
VI1.-KEYS TO THE GESER.1 AND SUBGEKERA OF ASTS BY WM. 31. WHEELER KEYTO THE SUBFAMILIES~ 8, 0 1. Cloacal orifice round, tefminal, surrounded by a fringe of hairs; sting transformed into a sustentacular apparatus for the orifice of the poison vesicle, which has a peculiar structure called by Fore1 '' pulviniferous vesicle" (vessie 2 coussinet) . Abdominal pedicel consisting of a single segment; no constriction between the second and third segments. Male genitalia not retractile. Nymphs rarely naked, most frequently enclosed in a cocoon. FORMICINA3. Cloacal orifice in the shape of a slit. ........................ .2. 2. Sting rudimentary (except Aneuretus) ; abdominal pedicel con- sisting of a single segment; no constriction between the second and third segments of the abdomen; the poison glands are often vestigial and there are anal glands which secrete an aromatic product of characteristic odor (Tapinoma-odor). Nymphs without a cocoon. ..........DOLICHODERINAE. Sting developed, though sometimes very small, but capable never- theless of being exserted from the abdomen. The first two segments of the abdomen usually modified, either forming together a two-jointed pedicel, or the first alone (petiole) forming the pedicel, the second (postpetiole) being merely constricted posteriorly and articulating with a spheroidal surface of the third segment, which is usually transversely striated (stridulatory organ) ; rarely the second segment is not appreciably modified. .................................... .3. 3. Pedicel of two segments, the petiole and the postpetiole; rarely (in Melissotarsus, e. 9.) the postpetiole is attached to the follow- ing segment over its whole extent. Frontal carin= usually separated from each other (except in the Melissotarsini and certain Attini). In the male the copulatory organs are almost always exserted (being entirely retractile in certain genera of the Solenopsidini only) ; cerci nearly always present (except Anergates) . -
Report on Pitfall Trapping of Ants at the Biospecies Sites in the Nature Reserve of Orange County, California
Report on Pitfall Trapping of Ants at the Biospecies Sites in the Nature Reserve of Orange County, California Prepared for: Nature Reserve of Orange County and The Irvine Co. Open Space Reserve, Trish Smith By: Krista H. Pease Robert N. Fisher US Geological Survey San Diego Field Station 5745 Kearny Villa Rd., Suite M San Diego, CA 92123 2001 2 INTRODUCTION: In conjunction with ongoing biospecies richness monitoring at the Nature Reserve of Orange County (NROC), ant sampling began in October 1999. We quantitatively sampled for all ant species in the central and coastal portions of NROC at long-term study sites. Ant pitfall traps (Majer 1978) were used at current reptile and amphibian pitfall trap sites, and samples were collected and analyzed from winter 1999, summer 2000, and winter 2000. Summer 2001 samples were recently retrieved, and are presently being identified. Ants serve many roles on different ecosystem levels, and can serve as sensitive indicators of change for a variety of factors. Data gathered from these samples provide the beginning of three years of baseline data, on which long-term land management plans can be based. MONITORING OBJECTIVES: The California Floristic Province, which includes southern California, is considered one of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al. 2000). The habitat of this region is rapidly changing due to pressure from urban and agricultural development. The Scientific Review Panel of the State of California's Natural Community Conservation Planning Program (NCCP) has identified preserve design parameters as one of the six basic research needs for making informed long term conservation planning decisions. -
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MANNINGHAM BIOSITES MANNINGHAM CITY COUNCIL SITES OF (BIOLOGICAL) SIGNIFICANCE REVIEW Report by Paul Foreman Economic and Environmental Planning Unit, Manningham City Council With chapters on Bryophytes by David Meagher of Zymurgy Consultants and Invertebrates by Alan Yen and John Wainer of the Department of Primary Industries November 2004 Front Cover: Fringed Helmet Orchid (Corysanthes fimbriata). “an uncommon species of sparadic distribution in Victoria” (Backhouse and Jeans 1995). Listed as rare on the Victorian Rare or Threatened species list. Recorded from one Manningham biosite. Image supplied by Justin Welander Table of Contents PREFACE .....................................................................................................................1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................................................2 ABBREVIATIONS .....................................................................................................................3 SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................4 1 BACKGROUND ...............................................................................................................6 1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Study aim......................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 -
ANT ECOLOGY. 2010. Edited by L. Lach, C. L. Parr & K. L. Abbott
Revista174 Colombiana de Entomología 39 (1): 174-176 (2013) Book review ANT ECOLOGY. 2010. Edited by L. Lach, C. L. Parr & K. L. Abbott. Oxford University Press, xviii + 402 pp. US $ 53 paperback Ants are among the most conspicuous and important insects competition is often difficult to demonstrate with confidence, in terrestrial ecosystems, due to their abundance, long history and that the strength of competitive interactions is highly con- and diversity with over 12,000 extant species described so text-dependent. Although Parr and Gibb conclude that com- far. Their presence and dominance are key factors influencing petition is undoubtedly an important factor in ant ecology, the the structure and dynamics of tropical forests and even agro- reader understands that competition is not the predominant ecosystems. The literature on ant ecology, like the literature structuring factor as it was suspected to be (e.g. Hölldobler & on other aspects of ant biology, is naturally enormous, with Wilson (1990) described competition as the “hallmark of ant thousands of publications. In 1990, Hölldobler and Wilson ecology”). This feeling was confirmed by recent papers (Parr published “The Ants”, a wonderful treatise which has exalted and Gibb 2012; Cerdá et al. 2013; Stuble et al. 2013). Ness young scientists and stimulated them to do research on these et al. review one of the most interesting topics of ant biol- insects. Lach, Parr and Abbott clearly belong to this new gen- ogy, namely mutualistic interactions between ants and other eration of enthusiast myrmecologists. With their book, they organisms such as Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, plants, fungi, and provide the first comprehensive review focusing on ant ecol- bacteria. -
Description of a New Genus of Primitive Ants from Canadian Amber
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 8-11-2017 Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Leonid H. Borysenko Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Borysenko, Leonid H., "Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" (2017). Insecta Mundi. 1067. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/1067 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0570 Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Leonid H. Borysenko Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes AAFC, K.W. Neatby Building 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, K1A 0C6, Canada Date of Issue: August 11, 2017 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Leonid H. Borysenko Description of a new genus of primitive ants from Canadian amber, with the study of relationships between stem- and crown-group ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Insecta Mundi 0570: 1–57 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C6CCDDD5-9D09-4E8B-B056-A8095AA1367D Published in 2017 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. -
Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae
support with databasing, imaging processing, proofreading, and her overall support in the lab. We are very thankful to our current and past AntWeb imagers Ms. April Nobile, Ms. Estella Ortega, and Ms. Shannon Hartman. We appreciate the support from Dr. Bernhard Merz (MHNG) who loaned important type material and welcomed us to image type material. We also want to thank Prof. Phil S. Ward (University of California, Davis, U.S.A.) for providing material collected in Madagascar. Moreover, the fieldwork on which this study is based could not have been completed without the gracious support of the Malagasy people and the Arthropod Inventory Team (Balsama Rajemison, Jean-Claude Rakotonirina, Jean-Jacques Rafanomezantsoa, Chrislain Ranaivo, Hanitriniana Rasoazanamavo, Nicole Rasoamanana, Clavier Randrianandrasana, Dimby Raharinjanahary, Njaka Ravelomanana, Manoa Ramamonjisoa, and Mihary Razafimamonjy). Research, collecting and export permits were obtained through collaboration with the “Ministère de l' Environnement et des Forêts” and the Madagascar National Parks. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB-0072713, DEB-0344731, and DEB-0842395. REFERENCES Anderson, A.N., Azcárate, F.M. & Cowie, I.D. (2000) Seed selection by an exceptionally rich community of harvester ants in the Australian seasonal tropics. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69, 975–984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2000.00452.x Anderson, A.N. (2006) A systematic overview of Australian species of the myrmicine ant genus Meranoplus F. Smith, 1853 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecologische Nachrichten, 8, 157–170. André, E. (1892) Matériaux myrmécologiques. Revue d'Entomologie (Caen), 11, 45–56. Bernard, F. (1953) La réserve naturelle intégrale du Mt Nimba. -
Hymenoptera, Formicidae) 1 Doi: 10.3897/Zookeys.700.11784 Research Article Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 700: 1–420 (2017)Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.700.11784 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Brian E. Heterick1,2, Mark Castalanelli3, Steve O. Shattuck4 1 Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA, Australia, 6845 2 Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC. WA, Australia, 6986 3 EcoDiagnostics Pty Ltd, 48 Banksia Rd, Welshpool WA 6106 4 C/o CSIRO Entomology, P. O. Box 1700, Canberra, Australia, ACT 2601 Corresponding author: Brian Heterick ([email protected]) Academic editor: B. Fisher | Received 17 January 2017 | Accepted 22 June 2017 | Published 20 September 2017 http://zoobank.org/EBA43227-20AD-4CFF-A04E-8D2542DDA3D6 Citation: Heterick BE, Castalanelli M, Shattuck SO (2017) Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 700: 1–420. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784 Abstract The fauna of the purely Australian formicine ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is revised. This project involved integrated morphological and molecular taxonomy using one mitochondrial gene (COI) and four nuclear genes (AA, H3, LR and Wg). Seven major clades were identified and are here designated as the M. aeneovirens, M. anderseni, M. biroi, M. fulvihirtus, M. ludius, M. majeri and M. potteri species-groups. Within these clades, smaller complexes of similar species were also identified and designated species-complexes. The M. ludius species-group was identified purely on molecular grounds, as the morphol- ogy of its members is indistinguishable from typical members of the M. -
Revision of the Ant Genus Calyptomyrmex (Hymenoptera
(ANIC, Canberra). Helpful comments on the manuscript were received from Barry Bolton, Katsuyuki Eguchi and Eli Sarnat. This project was supported by CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and the Commonwealth Environment Research Facilities Taxonomy Research & Information Network. References Baroni Urbani, C. (1975) Primi reperti del genere Calyptomyrmex Emery nel subcontinente Indiano. Entomologica Basiliensia, 1, 395–411. Bolton, B. (1981) A revision of the ant genera Meranoplus F. Smith, Dicroaspis Emery and Calyptomyrmex Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Ethiopian zoogeographical region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology, 42, 43–81. Bolton, B., Alpert, G., Ward, P.S. & Naskrecki, P. (2006) Bolton’s Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758–2005. Harvard Univer- sity Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (CD-ROM). Brown, W.L., Jr. (1949) Revision of the ant tribe Dacetini. 4. Some genera properly excluded from the Dacetini, with the estab- lishment of the Basicerotini, new tribe. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 75, 83–96. Brown, W.L., Jr. (1951) New synonymy of a few genera and species of ants. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 46, 101–106. Dlussky, G.M. & Radchenko, A.G. (1990) The Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Vietnam. Subfamilies Pseudomyrmicinae and Myrmicinae (tribes Calyptomyrmecini, Meranoplini and Cataulacini), pp. 119–125 in Akimov, I.A., Emelianov, I.G. & Zerova, M.D. (eds.). News of Faunistics and Systematics, Kiev (Naukova Dumka) [in Russian]. Donisthorpe, H. (1949a) A new genus and species of dacetine ant from New Guinea. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 84 (1948), 281. Donisthorpe, H. (1949b) A species of Calyptomyrmex Emery from New Guinea. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 85, 186. -
A New Species of the Ant Genus Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) from Laos and New Records of C
NAT. HIST. BULL. SIAM SOC. 62 (2): 131–139, 2018 A NEW SPECIES OF THE ANT GENUS CALYPTOMYRMEX EMERY, 1887 (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE: MYRMICINAE) FROM LAOS AND NEW RECORDS OF C. RECTOPILOSUS FROM THAILAND AND HONG KONG Weeyawat Jaitrong 1*and Seiki Yamane 2 ABSTRACT A new species of the ant genus Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887 is described from Laos under the name C. laotius sp. nov. based on the worker caste. This species is easily distinguished from RWKHUFRQJHQHUVE\KDYLQJVSDUVHYHU\ORQJKDLUVDQGGHQVHÀQHGHHSSXQFWXUHVRQWKHKHDGDQG promesonotum. Calyptomyrmex rectopilosus Dlussky & Radchenko, 1990 is recorded from Hong .RQJDQG7KDLODQGIRUWKHÀUVWWLPH$NH\WRWKHVSHFLHVRIWKHJHQXVRI&RQWLQHQWDO6RXWKHDVW Asia is provided. The distributional pattern of Calyptomyrmex in continental Southeast Asia is also discussed. Keywords: ant, Calyptomyrmex laotius, new species, new record, distribution, Laos, Continental Southeast Asia INTRODUCTION Members of the genus Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887 are rare ants which are most often encountered as ground foragers or in leaf litter (SHATTUCK, 2011). Currently, 37 valid species names are known (ANTWEB, 2017). The genus is distributed in the Old World tropics and sub- tropics occurring in tropical Africa, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, China, Indo-China, Sundaland and Australasian region (BARONI URBANI, 1975; BOLTON, 1981; JAITRONG & NABHITABHATA, 2005; SHATTUCK, 2011; EGUCHI ET AL., 2011; AKBAR & BHARTI, 2015; BHARTI ET AL., 2016). The distribution of most species of the genus seems to be restricted. So far, eight species have been recorded from Southeast Asia (SHATTUCK, 2011). Among them only two species, C. beccarii Emery, 1887 and C. rectopilosus Dlussky & Radchenko, 1990 were recorded from Continental Southeast Asia (JAITRONG & NABHITABHATA, 2005; SHATTUCK, 2011; EGUCHI ET AL., 2011; HOSOISHI ET AL., 2013). -
Re Think Home
Re think home gabriella ebbesson Re think Home a sustainable sanctuary inspired by animals master thesis gabriella ebbesson April 2017 University of Florida Master of Architecture College of Design, Construction and Planning 1480 Inner Road, Gainesville, FL 32601 Chair: Nawari Nawari Co-chair: Martin Gold contents 01 abstract 35 case studies barndominium 03 introduction earth house history and impact redwoods treehouse restaurant 09 problem 43 location 11 methodology 55 design concept program and process 13 animal architecture building for expansion social behavior connection to nature water management recyclable materials temperature control de-mountability waste management social interaction energy passive design strategies materials neighborhood transformation 23 building strategies 91 conclusion sustainable principles 95 bibliography abstract 01 “Home isn’t a place; it’s a feeling.” - Cecelia Ahern Through the exploration of animal structures, Utilizing the single-family home typology valuable sustainable building strategies ubiquitous in Florida (3 bedroom 2 bath with can be extracted and applied to our own yard and garage), this work reconsiders buildings to achieve ecological functionalism the introverted nature of current housing by and an improved relationship with nature. extending living into the nominally temperate This thesis seeks to adapt these strategies subtropical landscape – akin to animal toward sustainable housing that is affordable inhabitation – toward more sustainable and and accessible to working families while resource efficient living. advancing environmental stewardship. It is vital that we make sustainable housing To approach these problems, a variety of available to the majority of community animal species have been studied, including residents to significantly improve our their building methods and lifestyles to learn relationship with our environment and ensure what makes their communities successful. -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of a Hyperdiverse Ant Clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title The evolution of myrmicine ants: Phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc8r8w8 Journal Systematic Entomology, 40(1) ISSN 0307-6970 Authors Ward, PS Brady, SG Fisher, BL et al. Publication Date 2015 DOI 10.1111/syen.12090 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 61–81 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12090 The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) PHILIP S. WARD1, SEÁN G. BRADY2, BRIAN L. FISHER3 andTED R. SCHULTZ2 1Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A., 2Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A. and 3Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. Abstract. This study investigates the evolutionary history of a hyperdiverse clade, the ant subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), based on analyses of a data matrix comprising 251 species and 11 nuclear gene fragments. Under both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of inference, we recover a robust phylogeny that reveals six major clades of Myrmicinae, here treated as newly defined tribes and occur- ring as a pectinate series: Myrmicini, Pogonomyrmecini trib.n., Stenammini, Solenop- sidini, Attini and Crematogastrini. Because we condense the former 25 myrmicine tribes into a new six-tribe scheme, membership in some tribes is now notably different, espe- cially regarding Attini. We demonstrate that the monotypic genus Ankylomyrma is nei- ther in the Myrmicinae nor even a member of the more inclusive formicoid clade – rather it is a poneroid ant, sister to the genus Tatuidris (Agroecomyrmecinae). -
The Coexistence
Myrmecological News 16 75-91 Vienna, January 2012 Convergent evolution of wingless reproductives across all subfamilies of ants, and sporadic loss of winged queens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Christian PEETERS Abstract Flight is a one-off event in ants, hence after mating, the wing muscles of winged queens can function as protein reserves during independent colony foundation (ICF). Another strategy occurring in many unrelated lineages is dependent colony foundation (DCF). DCF does not require queens with expensive wing muscles because dispersal is on foot, and a found- ress relies on nestmate workers to feed her first brood of workers. The shift to DCF seems the reason why wingless reproductives (ergatoid queens, short-winged queens, and gamergates) evolved independently in more than 50 genera belonging to 16 subfamilies. In various species they occur together with winged queens (in the same or different popu- lations), in other species winged queens were replaced completely. Because wingless reproductives are the product of convergence, there is tremendous heterogeneity in morphological characteristics as well as selective contexts. These novel reproductive phenotypes cannot function without nestmate workers (foundresses forage in only few species), hence addi- tional investment in workers is needed. Key words: Colony foundation, flight, reproduction, dispersal, brachyptery, ergatoid queens, gamergates, review. Myrmecol. News 16: 75-91 (online 4 November 2011) ISSN 1994-4136 (print), ISSN 1997-3500 (online) Received 3 November 2009; revision received 25 July 2011; accepted 1 August 2011 Subject Editor: Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner Christian Peeters, Laboratoire Ecologie & Evolution, CNRS UMR 7625, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.