Forest Matters
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Issue No: 8 Spring/Summer 2020 FOREST MATTERS In the news 1–3 Franchises Lodge RSPB Reserve: an update; An account of the reappearance of pine martens in the New Forest. A history of Britain’s forests 4 The law governing the UK’s forests has changed over time, affecting life in the New Forest, as Gale Gould explains. Commoners Defence Association 7 As we enter a new decade, Tony Hockley looks at what planned policy changes may hold for Commoners in the future. 2020 AGM Papers 9–12 Agenda, Reports and 2019 Minutes. Opinion: National Park Signage 13 Peter Frost considers a lost opportunity to formulate a signage policy suitable for the whole of the New Forest National Park. Fixing carbon in the New Forest 14 Clive Chatters explains how the New Forest’s landscapes provide a rather effective means for preventing the gas’s harmful release. Long-term plans at the National Trust 16 Jacob White tells of a bold ambition to help reverse the decline in wildlife on all the New Forest lands in its care. Through the eyes of a Commoner 19 Our resident Commoner commentator Ann Sevier writes about her old grey mare. Book review 20 Re-Birding, by Benedict Macdonald. FOREST MATTERS Letter from our Chairman is the magazine of Friends of the New Forest. The end of 2019 saw “Climate Change” morphing into a much more urgent “Climate Issue 8: Crisis”, with media attention spanning from 93-year-old David Attenborough to 16- Spring/Summer 2020 (now 17-) year-old Greta Thunberg and news reports of Extinction Rebellion carrying out a campaign of civil disobedience on the streets of London. Awareness of climate change has been with us for more than a decade, so in one Views expressed in sense this was not “new” news, but it is a timely wake-up reminder for those of us Forest Matters are not who are trustees or members of an organisation whose guiding purpose for 150 years has been to protect, conserve and enhance the flora, fauna and heritage of the necessarily those of New Forest, with an emphasis on taking a long-term view in its campaigning. We have Friends of the New Forest. no excuse for not asking what a changing climate might mean for the future of the New Forest. Editor: Robert Whiting Answering the question will be much harder. Different scenarios may be constructed but we really are entering new territory. Put rather simply, for most of the post-glacial Please contact the editor period the amount of water in the terrestrial environment has been small and, despite at [email protected] periodical oscillations, the present relatively dry temperate climate has probably not with any contributions for changed in its essentials for two millennia. The landscape mantle clothing the New or comments concerning Forest’s geomorphology has, however, changed significantly over time, initially with impoverishment and the spread of open habitats, but this is almost entirely due to this publication. changing human activity recorded at least from the Bronze Age onwards. This activity has altered the distribution, character and extent of otherwise “natural” features; and from the beginning of the modern industrial age (c 1800) the Open Forest has shrunk The deadline for the by about one half, along with enclosed farmland being progressively industrialised. Autumn/Winter 2020 issue The consequence is that today we have a New Forest made up of different scarce is: 30 June 2020. habitats, ranging from ancient woodland, though lowland heath to valley mires, many of which are intrinsically incredibly valuable as well as now being rare in Europe. In a world where, in addition to climate change, there is also a crisis of species extinction, Unattributed photographs in part caused by the same human activities, we cannot undervalue all of these New are understood to have Forest protected habitats. been taken by the author Returning to the question of what to do, we might ask, for example, whether long- or submitted with the term policies such as Forestry England’s “New Forest Inclosures Forest Design Plan” photographer’s permission. should be adapted to foster a landscape better suited to a changing climate or better able to mitigate some of the causes driving the change? And, related to this, should we as Friends of the New Forest re-visit our Association’s key policy statements such Cover image: Pigs as “Recovering Lost Landscapes”? Probably the answer is yes, but perhaps more importantly in the medium term will be to recognise the very important role the New slumbering in late autumn Forest plays in providing carbon sequestration. sunshine near Millyford Trees are important and, in the face of Amazonian rainforest destruction, have become Bridge by Sheila Ward totemic, with election-campaigning politicians outbidding each other over the numbers of trees they will plant…. But – and despite the National Park logo – the New Forest is not just “Trees and Ponies”. Our heathland and valley mire landscapes are not only valuable habitats but are also very good at carbon sequestration. Wetland restoration, Design and layout by including removal of invasive vegetation that is drying out their organic-rich soils, will Philippa Firth further enhance their capacity to absorb and retain carbon. So, for the immediate Tel: 07740 289 411 future, supporting a continuing programme of stream restoration and wetland recovery that has been so successful in recent years in the New Forest will not only improve carbon sequestration but will help to reduce downstream flash flooding in the likely increasing periods of heavy rainfall. Printed by Document Despatch, But remember that, just as it has been human intervention that has moulded the Forest’s special landscapes, the biggest contribution the New Forest might make to Basingstoke, Hampshire mitigating the causes of the climate crisis would be for those 34,000 people who live www.documentdespatch. in the New Forest and the 13 million who visit every year to modify our com everyday behaviour. Like many organisations, we have been following the spread of the Coronavirus and considering its implications. In March, at the time of writing this, the country is on the Copyright © 2020 edge of an epidemic being declared. With regret, but to avoid last-minute decisions The New Forest Association and uncertainty, we have postponed our intended event about the Climate Crisis, Registered Charity which was due to take place on 4 April, until later this year. We have also cancelled the No. 260328 Members’ Event, which was due to follow immediately after our AGM on 16 May. Please see page 8 for more information. John Ward NEWS Update on the RSPB’s Franchises Lodge As RSPB volunteers, Peter Natural England. He advised us The Decoy Pond Roberts and Georgina that common lizards, slow worm, Mabey recently attended an grass snake and adders were all Georgina and I volunteered to information exchange evening, present but no smooth snakes research the history of the site where the various groups have been recorded as yet. Tens and have found that the lake was involved in monitoring the of thousands of common toads actually a Decoy Pond, which area reported briefly on their have been recorded at the lake. He appears to be the only one ever findings to date. believes it to be one of the largest made in Wiltshire. It was also concentrations in the country. It worked by what seems to be a I write in the heading to this piece is likely that they survive because unique method. Two “pipes” – “the RSPB’s Franchises Lodge”, but they are so far from roads. Frogs curving passage-ways leading from Friends of the New Forest made and common newts have also been the lake in which the ducks were an early contribution to encourage seen in numbers. trapped – along with some of the others to take part in this original netting hoops, still remain. important acquisition of 953 acres of largely unimproved woodland, adjacent to the north-east of the Forest, near Bramshaw Telegraph. Flora and fauna counts Nine species of bat have been noted, with the unconfirmed possibility of two others. This constitutes a large proportion of the bat species found in Britain. In contrast, just one hundred and twenty-six varieties of fungi have The Decoy Pond – showing both “pipes” been recorded so far, compared with the two thousand six hundred A butterfly report indicated that Accounts of the four-acre Decoy to be found in the New Forest as twenty-three species have been Pond exist in a couple of books a whole. recorded by volunteers who written more than a century walked small transects once a ago, which add greatly to our It is fair to say, though, that these week for twenty-five weeks. Many knowledge of how it worked. surveys have been taking place of the groups suggested that even We were intrigued by this over a period of eighteen months small improvements to the habitat description made of the lake by or so, whereas the Forest has would encourage greater variety Joseph Whitaker in his book, been monitored for well over a – as well as numbers – of species. British Duck Decoys of Today, century. One of the difficulties for Another group spoke about published in 1918: fungi recording is identification. birdlife on the lake. Mallards, A simplified system of recording “I never saw a more attractive Mandarin and tufted ducks, as is being developed by one of the piece of water, and King told me well as migrants, were observed, three volunteers who are now large quantities of ducks were along with coot, moorhen, living on site in Franchises there all the winter, but only taken heron, common sandpiper and Lodge itself.