DOCSLIB.ORG

Asleep at the Wheel

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Asleep at the Wheel ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL A NATIONAL COMPENDIUM OF EFFORTS TO ELIMINATE DROWSY DRIVING CONTENTS Background to the Issue ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 How We Got Here .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Research and Development ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Partnering With Public and Private Stakeholders ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Public Education and Awareness Needs ......................................................................................................................................................5 Vehicle Technology Needs ..............................................................................................................................................................................5 Organizations .............................................................................................................................................................................................................5 Research and Development .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 Quantifying Drowsy Driving ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6 National Survey of Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors ....................................................................................... 6 Drowsy-Driving Data Collection and Reporting by Law Enforcement ..............................................................................................7 Driver Physical Factors Leading to Unintentional Lane-Departure Crashes ......................................................................................7 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System .................................................................................................................................................7 Sleep in America Poll ........................................................................................................................................................................................7 Crash Avoidance Systems Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Biomarker Development ................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Approaches To Address Drowsy Driving .......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Drowsy Driving at Work ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Helping Employers Address Drowsy Driving at Work ............................................................................................................................ 10 Fatigue Training and Intervention Research .............................................................................................................................................11 Fatigue Risk Management Guidelines for Emergency Medical Services .........................................................................................11 Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators and Rail Workers ......................................................................................................................11 Legislation and Enforcement .............................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Current State Laws........................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Future State Laws ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Law Enforcement ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Highway Safety in the States ........................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Public Education and Awareness ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Public Meetings ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Education and Awareness Programs ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Vehicle Technology ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Foundations of Drowsy Driver Feedback ................................................................................................................................................. 18 Vehicle Technology Adoption and Education ......................................................................................................................................... 18 Automated Technologies and Vehicles ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 Partnerships and Future Coordination .............................................................................................................................................................20 ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL: A National Compendium of Efforts to Eliminate Drowsy Driving 1 2 ASLEEP AT THE WHEEL: A National Compendium of Efforts to Eliminate Drowsy Driving BACKGROUND TO THE ISSUE Fatigue has costly effects on the safety, health, and quality that in 2015, over 72,000 police-reported crashes involved of life of the American public. Whether fatigue is caused drowsy drivers. These crashes led to 41,000 injuries and by sleep restriction due to a new baby waking every more than 800 deaths. However, there is broad consensus couple of hours, a late or long shift at work, hanging out across the traffic safety, sleep science, and public health late with friends, or a long and monotonous drive for communities that this is an underestimate of the impact of the holidays – the negative outcomes can be the same. drowsy driving. These include impaired cognition and performance, The broader community’s best estimate of drowsy-driving motor vehicle crashes, workplace accidents, and health crashes is that 7 percent of all crashes and 16.5 percent of consequences. Addressing these issues can be difficult fatal crashes involve a drowsy driver. This estimate suggests when our values frequently do not align with avoiding that approximately 6,000 people died in drowsy-driving- drowsy driving. In a 24/7 society, with an emphasis on related motor vehicle crashes across the United States work, longer commutes, and exponential advancement last year. This study performed by the AAA Foundation of technology, many people do not get the sleep they for Traffic Safety (Tefft, 2012) used a statistical multiple need.1 Effectively dealing with the drowsy-driving problem imputation process to estimate drowsy driving incidence requires fundamental changes to societal norms and in the NHTSA NASS Crashworthiness Data System (CDS). especially attitudes about drowsy driving. Some researchers feel this may still be an underestimate Drowsy-driving crashes can happen any time, but most and that there may be more than 8,000 deaths attributable frequently occur at night in the early pre-dawn hours or to drowsy driving each year. in the mid-afternoon. Age also plays a significant factor. While estimates differ on the exact incidence of drowsy Research conducted in 2012 by the AAA Foundation for driving, we can all agree it is a critical traffic safety Traffic Safety shows that crash-involved drivers 16 to 24 issue that leads to thousands of deaths each year and years old were nearly twice as likely to be drowsy at the causes an estimated $109 billion of societal harm.2 A time of the crash compared to drivers 40 to 59 years old. 2002 NHTSA-sponsored Gallup survey showed that 95 Drivers 24
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investigation and Prosecution of Distracted Driving Cases
    Investigation and Prosecution of Distracted Driving Cases 12949-Covers_Final.indd 1 5/16/17 4:19 PM Disclaimer This publication was developed in part with funding from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation and is distributed by the NHTSA in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of NHTSA or DOT. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use there- of. If trade or manufacturers’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. This publication is intended to provide a general overview of the investigation and prose- cution of distracted driving cases. While some sections of this publication address issues that are inherently legal, this publication is not intended to provide legal advice. There- fore, it is important to seek out legal advice from a licensed attorney on specific issues or questions the reader may have. Suggested APA Format Citation: National Traffic Law Center. (2017, May). Investigation and prosecution of distracted driving cases (Report No. DOT HS 812 407). Washington, DC: National High- way Traffic Safety Administration. i Acknowledgments The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration gratefully acknowledges the assis- tance and efforts of the individual traffic safety experts brought together as a team to draft this monograph for use by prosecutors and law enforcement. The team was com- prised of prosecutors and law enforcement professionals from around the country with significant backgrounds in distracted driving enforcement, prosecution, and program management.
    [Show full text]
  • Distracted Driving Promising Practices and Lessons Learned from the Field DISTRACTED DRIVING PROMISING PRACTICES and LESSONS LEARNED for the FIELD
    Distracted Driving Promising Practices and Lessons Learned from the Field DISTRACTED DRIVING PROMISING PRACTICES AND LESSONS LEARNED FOR THE FIELD This publication was sponsored by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, an operating administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. The U.S. Department of Transportation desires widespread dissemination in the interests of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the subject of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. DISTRACTED DRIVING PROMISING PRACTICES AND LESSONS LEARNED FOR THE FIELD TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . 1 Community Education and Enforcement Dalton, Georgia, Police Department . 4 Montgomery County, Maryland, Police Department . 6. Ohio State Highway Patrol . 7 . Oro Valley, Arizona, Police Department . 9. Officer Safety and Wellness New York State Police . 12 Training, Research, and Education for Driving Safety (TREDS) . 14 Distracted Driving Resource List IACP Resources . 16 . Police Chief Magazine . 16 . Federal Resources . 17. Advocacy Organization Resources . 17 Additional Resources . .18 . Resolutions Community Support for Traffic Safety . 19 Support for Continued Development of Technology to Reduce Distracted Driving . 20 . Urging Elected Officials to Work with Law Enforcement to Ensure that Proposed Legislation is Clear, Enforceable and Does Not Discourage and/or Impede Traffic Enforcement Efforts .
    [Show full text]
  • The Dangers of Distracted Driving
    The Dangers of Distracted Driving The popularity of wireless devices has had some unintended and sometimes deadly consequences. An alarming number of traffic accidents are linked to driving while distracted, including the use of cell phones while driving, resulting in injury and loss of life. The national statistics are sobering: • More than nine percent of fatal crashes in the United States in the past seven years involved a distracted driver, according to data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. • More than 2,800 people were killed as a result of distracted driving in 2018, the latest year for data reported by the NHTSA. • An estimated 400,000 people were injured in crashes involving distracted drivers in in 2018. • A National Occupant Protection Use Survey reports that handheld cell phone use continues to be highest among 16-24-year-old drivers. How can you help? Give clear instructions: Give new drivers simple, clear instructions not to use their wireless devices while driving. Before new drivers get their licenses, discuss how taking their eyes off the road – even for a few seconds – could cause injury or even death. Lead by example: No one should text and drive. Be an example for others and if you need to text or talk on the phone, pull over to a safe place. Set rules for yourself and your household regarding distracted driving. Become informed and be active: Tell family, friends and organizations to which you belong about the importance of driving without distractions. Take information to your kids’ schools and ask that it be shared with students and parents.
    [Show full text]
  • Distracted Driving Behaviors and Beliefs Among Older Adults: a Longroad Analysis of the Training, Research, and Education for Driving Safety Study
    RESEARCH BRIEF Distracted Driving Behaviors and Beliefs among Older Adults: A LongROAD Analysis of the Training, Research, and Education for Driving Safety Study Distracted driving is an established cause of motor vehicle crashes, for all ages. Nearly 60% of crashes involving younger drivers are linked to distraction (AAAFTS, 2015). This research brief provides evidence from a recent survey that as more older adults embrace technology, distracted driving—in particular, using cell phones behind the wheel—is prevalent among them as well. According to a recent survey conducted by AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety and the University of California San Diego, the majority of drivers aged 65 and older—nearly 60%—have used their cell phone in some capacity (i.e., texting, making calls, and answering calls) while driving. More than a quarter of these older drivers have engaged in distracting behaviors while driving with a minor in the car. Among those, 32% have talked on the phone—either with hands-free or hand-held devices—with younger children (under age 11) in the car, while 42% have done so when accompanied by older children (12- to 17 year-olds). While distracted driving encompasses a wide range of risky behaviors including but not limited to eating, talking with passengers, reaching for belongings, etc., this survey focused solely on cell phone use while operating a vehicle. The findings suggest the need for interventions to reduce distracted driving behaviors among older adults, especially given the rapidly growing older adult population, with their age-associated physiologic changes, such as slower reflexes, reduced contrast sensitivity, and other driving-impairing conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations
    DRIVER DISTRACTION IN COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATIONS September 2009 FOREWORD The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration awarded a contract to investigate driver distraction in commercial motor vehicle drivers. The purpose of this study was to characterize driver inattention in safety-critical and baseline events and to determine the relative risk of driving while distracted. The purpose of this report was to document the method, results, and conclusions from this study. NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein only because they are considered essential to the objective of this document. Technical Report Documentation Page—Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FMCSA-RRR-09-042 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date September 2009 DRIVER DISTRACTION IN COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATIONS 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Rebecca L. Olson, Richard J. Hanowski, Jeffrey S. Hickman, and Joseph Bocanegra 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Center for Truck and Bus Safety Virginia Tech Transportation Institute 11. Contract or Grant No. 3500 Transportation Research Plaza (0536) DTMC75-07-D-00006 Blacksburg, VA 24061 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered U.S. Department of Transportation Final Report Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration July 2007–July 2009 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590 14.
    [Show full text]
  • Lower Speed Limit 52 Respondents Mentioned This Solution
    Question 1 Response: Lower Speed Limit 52 respondents mentioned this solution. 75.00% were for lowering the speed limit, and 25.00% were against this solution. For Against Slower speed limit in the area Speed limit does not matter if it's not enforced. Reduce speed limit to 20 and make the road ONE-WAY with Block it off to traffic were you cant go around the lake double yellow striping to indicate a single traffic lane. in cars, walkers and bikes only, dropping the speed Have law enforcement monitoring during peak hours and drop limit by 5 miles will do nothing but cost u money for the speed limit around the lake. the new signs or stickers. Make it a one way with parking on the lake side. 10 MPH That'll work. Distracted drivers are always looking for speed limit within lake zone. the speed limit signs Lower speed limit to 20 mph, and install stop signs at busiest So, the recent study showed the actual average speed intersections such as Palmetto, Success, Mass. etc, which is 18 MPH and that "distracted drivers" were should slow traffic even more. Lake Morton Dr should NOT be responsible for the recent string of incidents. So, used as a North/South thoroughfare. When/if South Fl Ave clearly this 20 MPH speed limit will "fix" the budget, I becomes two lane thru that area, it will only get worse. I live mean problems. SMH. Who makes these decisions? in S Lake Morton area, and use Lake Morton Dr, but willing to Really? So now, people will still average less than the put up with whatever changes necessary to improve the new speed limit and by some miracle the incidents will situation.
    [Show full text]
  • National Survey of Speeding and Unsafe Driving Attitudes
    National Survey of Speeding and Unsafe Driving Attitudes and Behaviors: 2002 VOLUME II – FINDINGS REPORT National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 400 7th Street, SW Room 5119 Washington, D.C. 20590 Final Report – November 2003 Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. DOT HS 809 688 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Volume II: Findings National Survey of Speeding and Unsafe Driving October, 2003 Attitudes and Behavior: 2002 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Dawn Royal 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) The Gallup Organization 901 F Street, NW – Suite 400 11. Contract or Grant No. Washington DC 20004 282-00-0017 202-715-3030 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered U.S. Department of Transportation Final Report National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Office of Research and Technology Washington, D.C. 20590 15. Supplementary Notes Paul J. Tremont, Ph.D. was Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative 16. Abstract This report represents findings from a survey on speeding and unsafe driving attitudes and behaviors. The data come from a pair of studies undertaken by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to better understand drivers’ behaviors and attitudes regarding speeding, unsafe driving, distracted and drowsy driving. This report, Volume II: Findings Speeding and Unsafe Driving presents the data on American driver’s reported behaviors and attitudes surrounding speeding and other unsafe and aggressive driving behaviors. Volume I: Findings National Survey of Distracted and Drowsy Driving reports respondent’s behaviors and attitudes on various topics related to distracted and drowsy driving, while Volume III: Methods Report describes the methods used to conduct the interviews and analyze the data, and also contains the questionnaires.
    [Show full text]
  • Distracted Driving: Strategies and State of the Practices
    Louisiana Transportation Research Center Technical Assistance Report 17-02TA-SA Distracted Driving: Strategies and State of the Practices by Elisabeta Mitran, Ph.D. Tess Ellender Dortha Cummins LTRC 4101 Gourrier Avenue | Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808 (225) 767-9131 | (225) 767-9108 fax | www.ltrc.lsu.edu TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA/LA.18/17-02TA-SA 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date February 2019 Distracted Driving: Strategies and State of the 6. Performing Organization Code Practices LTRC Project Number: 17-02TA-SA 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Elisabeta Mitran, Tess Ellender, and Dortha Cummins 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Louisiana Transportation Research Center 11. Contract or Grant No. 4101 Gourrier Avenue, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Louisiana Department of Transportation and Technical Assistance Report Development October 2017 - July 2018 P.O. Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9245 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes Conducted in Cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration 16. Abstract This technical assistance report conducted an extensive literature review to obtain the state of knowledge on existing research on distracted driving in the US. The objective of this report was to review relevant studies on distracted driving including measurements, strategies, legislation, employer policies, and technologies used nationally to prevent distracted driving, to acquire the information needed to address distracted driving in Louisiana. Distracted driving has been measured in several type of studies, including crash data, observational, attitudinal, enforcement, naturalistic driving, and driving simulators.
    [Show full text]
  • Driving Distracted – KILLS
    Driving Distracted – KILLS What is Distracted Driving, “...any activity that could divert a person’s attention away from the primary task of driving. All distractions endanger driver, passenger, and bystander safety.” – Distraction.gov There are three main types of distractions you face as a driver: MANUAL: Taking your hands off the wheel. VISUAL: Taking your eyes off the road. CONGNITIVE: Taking your mind off the task of driving. Some common distractions are: Texting Using a cell phone In only one year (2012) – Eating and drinking 3,328 people were KILLED Talking to passengers on America’s roads in DISTRACTED DRIVING Grooming crashes Reading, including maps Using a navigation system Watching a video Any of the three can kill you, but when you couple them together your odds of death increase. Texting and Driving Involves all THREE! – Distractive Driving is the LEADING cause of DEATH for people between the ages of 16 to 20. PUT THE PHONE DOWN You can’t predict when or where you might have a traffic crash, but you can work on a strategy that helps you to avoid a potential crash. First, keep your eyes on the road when you drive. A cell phone, the radio, even a drink can take your eyes of the road for just a second. That’s enough time to cause a serious or even fatal crash. Second, keep distractions to a minimum. If you use GPS, set it before you leave your driveway. Need to make a call, just stop in a parking lot. Finally, remember to set a good example for your children.
    [Show full text]
  • Taking Action Against CMV Driver Distraction
    CMV Driver Education Programs can Target the Driving Population in Training Schools Before They Hit the Road NETTTS has been in business for over 50 years, training men and women from across the New England states. NETTTS has 4 locations throughout New England, including: North Andover, MA Pawtucket, RI Bridgeport, CT Somers, CT Each year NETTTS’ locations train between 3 to 4 thousand Commercial Drivers. Many of these students take jobs with major trucking companies as well as smaller, localized companies. Many must go through a finishing program once they accept employment with their chosen company. NETTTS is a Nationally Accredited Institution and offers it’s students financial aid options to pay for their training if they qualify. Each location is also licensed by the state in which they do business. The CVTA is the largest trade association representing the interest of commercial truck driving schools and their students across North America. Its mission is to promote excellence in training, develop safety in the transportation industry, and enhance driver professionalism. It is comprised of 200 member schools operating in 43 states, 20 motor carrier members, and trains over 50,000 drivers each year. Driving distractions have been around as long as the act of driving. Distractions from the good old days are nothing compared to what’s capturing our attention today. We at NETTTS try to educate the future CMV Operator on how to limit distractions while operating commercial and personal motor vehicles so that it becomes second nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Distracted Driving 4511.991 [Effective 10/29/2018] "Distracted" Defined; Violations Committed While Distracted
    Outline Prepared by Judge Deborah Nicastro 10/18/2018 Distracted Driving 4511.991 [Effective 10/29/2018] "Distracted" defined; violations committed while distracted. 1. Definitions: a. “Distracted" means doing either of the following while operating a vehicle: i. Using a handheld electronic wireless communications device, as defined in section 4511.204 of the Revised Code, except when utilizing any of the following: 1. The device's speakerphone function; 2. A wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances; 3. A "voice-operated or hands-free" device that allows the person to use the electronic wireless communications device without the use of either hand except to activate, deactivate, or initiate a feature or function; 4. Any device that is physically or electronically integrated into the motor vehicle. ii. Engaging in any activity that is not necessary to the operation of a vehicle and impairs, or reasonably would be expected to impair, the ability of the operator to drive the vehicle safely. b. "Distracted" does not include operating a motor vehicle while wearing an earphone or earplug over or in both ears at the same time. A person who so wears earphones or earplugs may be charged with a violation of section 4511.84 of the Revised Code. c. “Distracted" does not include conducting any activity while operating a utility service vehicle or a vehicle for or on behalf of a utility, provided that the driver of the vehicle is acting in response to an emergency, power outage, or a circumstance affecting the health or safety of individuals. d. “Utility" means an entity specified in division (A), (C), (D), (E), or (G) of section 4905.03 of the Revised Code.
    [Show full text]
  • Laws & Law Enforcement
    Question 1 Response: Laws & Law Enforcement 89 respondents mentioned this solution. 100.00% were for stronger laws and/or stricter law enforcement, and 0.00% were against this solution. For Against Cameras around the lake. More police presence during high volume traffic times. Increase the presence of law enforcement in the area. People use the area to avoid S FL Ave and speed though the neighborhoods. Or maybe increase the number of cameras on the lake and direct them towards the street in an attempt to catch who is hitting the swans. Raised crosswalks and/or speed bumps at regular intervals around the lake would slow traffic down. More signage and greater enforcement of speed limits are necessary. I feel as though this lake should be one way only! Put a raised concrete barrier in between the two lanes with removable sections for pedestrian Crossing for when events are held at this Lake. And have police presence to enforce the one way and the speed. Have law enforcement monitoring during peak hours and drop the speed limit around the lake. Lakeland PD needs to set up random “surprise” radar detection and distracted driving checkpoints. What are the needs of the Swans. Why do they cross the road? Is there something amiss about their current environment, Are there to many swans in the lake? When's the last time we had a serious ticketing campaign? Put police officers around the lake !! Brick! If not the entire road then intersections or raised walks. More police patrols. None at all. The only thing that will make it better is more enforcement if current laws.
    [Show full text]