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Turkey-Leyla Zana Appeal-Trial Observer-Report-2004
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS Commission internationale de juristes - Comisión Internacional de Juristas " dedicated since 1952 to the primacy, coherence and implementation of international law and principles that advance human rights " REPORT OF THE APPEAL OF LEYLA ZANA AND THREE OTHER KURDISH FORMER PARLIAMENTARIANS Before THE COURT OF CASSATION, ANKARA on 8 July 2004 14 July 2004 October 2004 A report published by the International Commission of Jurists’ (ICJ) Centre for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers (CIJL) Geneva, Switzerland International Commission of Jurists, 81A, avenue de Châtelaine, P.O. Box 216, 1219 Châtelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41(0) 22 979 3800 – Fax: +41(0) 22 979 3801 – Website: http://www.icj.org - E-mail: [email protected] ICJ/CIJL Report of the Appeal of Leyla Zana and Three Other Kurdish Former Parliamentarians before Ankara’s Court of Cassation TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................... 3 II. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 5 III. Legal Framework .............................................................................................................................. 7 IV. The Appeal Hearing .......................................................................................................................... 7 (1) The Layout of the Court .............................................................................................................. -
The Functioning of Democratic Institutions in Turkey
http://assembly.coe.int Doc. 15272 21 April 2021 The functioning of democratic institutions in Turkey Report1 Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) Co-rapporteurs: Mr Thomas HAMMARBERG, Sweden, Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group, and Mr John HOWELL, United Kingdom, European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance Summary The Monitoring Committee is deeply concerned about recent developments in Turkey which have further undermined democracy, the rule of law and human rights. Procedures seeking to lift the parliamentary immunity of a third of the parliamentarians (overwhelmingly from opposition parties), the attempt to close the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) and the continued crackdown on its members put political pluralism and the functioning of democratic institutions at risk. The presidential decision of 20 March 2021 to withdraw from the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (CETS No.210, the Istanbul Convention) to combat violence against women and domestic violence is a regrettable step backwards, made without any parliamentary debate, which raises the question of the modalities of denunciation of conventions in democratic societies. The committee also urges the immediate release of Selahattin Demirtaş and Osman Kavala following the final judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. In order to reverse these worrying trends, the Turkish authorities should seize the opportunity of implementing the Human Rights Action Plan and revising the legislation on elections and political parties to take meaningful steps, put an end to the judicial harassment of opposition and dissenting voices, improve freedom of expression and media and restore the independence of the judiciary, in co-operation with the Council of Europe 1. -
The World's Women 2010 Trends and Statistics
ST/ESA/STAT/SER.K/19 Department of Economic and Social Affairs The World's Women 2010 Trends and Statistics asdf United Nations New York, 2010 Department of Economic and Social Affairs The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. Note The designations employed and the presentation of material in the present report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The term “country” as used in the text of this report also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. The designations “developed” and “developing” countries or areas and “more developed” and “less developed” regions are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. -
Empowering Women in Turkey: a Priority in the Pre-Accession Process
EMPOWERING WOMEN IN TURKEY: A PRIORITY IN THE PRE-ACCESSION PROCESS Empowering women must be a priority in the pre-accession process and all stakeholders must be mobilized to ensure effective progress and implementation on the ground of the new rights. This means strengthening the administrative capacity of relevant bodies and appropriate structures to monitor women’s situation. Member States have a lot to share with Turkey and exchanges of best practices in different fields will enable the various actors to face the challenges brought by the need to adapt the welfare system. Vladimír Špidlax x Mr Vladimír Špidla is member of the European Commission in charge of Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities since November 2004. Prior to his functions at EU level, he was Prime Minister of the Czech Republic. he European Union is not only a gathering of States, it is above all a Union of people where both women and men enjoy rights, have an active role to play and benefit from policies. In this context, gender equality is an essential value of the T European Union and a core element of the European Social Model. Indeed, empowering women in social, economic and political fields relates to questions of effective democracy, equality of rights for all citizens and the sustainable development of pluralist societies. Equality between women and men is enshrined in the European Treaties and is the objective of various legal texts that must be fully applied in the Member States. In addition, the European Union has adopted a positive approach to mainstream gender in all policies and to fight against discrimination on the ground of sex. -
Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019
INSTITUT KURDDE PARIS E Information and liaison bulletin N° 414 SEPTEMBER 2019 The publication of this Bulletin enjoys a subsidy from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Ministry of Culture This bulletin is issued in French and English Price per issue : France: 6 € — Abroad : 7,5 € Annual subscribtion (12 issues) France : 60 € — Elsewhere : 75 € Monthly review Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tel. : 01-48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01-48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: bulletin@fikp.org Information and liaison bulletin Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 414 September 2019 • TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... • TURKEY: MANY DEMONSTRATIONS AFTER FURTHER DISMISSALS OF HDP MAYORS • ROJAVA: TURKEY CONTINUES ITS THREATS • IRAQ: A CONSTITUTION FOR THE KURDISTAN REGION? • IRAN: HIGHLY CONTESTED, THE REGIME IS AGAIN STEPPING UP ITS REPRESSION TURKEY: DESPITE SOME ACQUITTALS, STILL MASS CONVICTIONS.... he Turkish govern- economist. The vice-president of ten points lower than the previ- ment is increasingly the CHP, Aykut Erdoğdu, ous year, with the disagreement embarrassed by the recalled that the Istanbul rate rising from 38 to 48%. On economic situation. Chamber of Commerce had esti- 16, TurkStat published unem- T The TurkStat Statistical mated annual inflation at ployment figures for June: 13%, Institute reported on 2 22.55%. The figure of the trade up 2.8%, or 4,253,000 unem- September that production in the union Türk-İş is almost identical. ployed. For young people aged previous quarter fell by 1.5% HDP MP Garo Paylan ironically 15 to 24, it is 24.8%, an increase compared to the same period in said: “Mr. -
Making the Connection
MAKING THE CONNECTION Intimate partner violence and violence against children in Eastern Europe and Central Asia EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Cover photo © UNICEF/UN040850/Bicanski EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MAKING THE CONNECTION Intimate partner violence and violence against children in Eastern Europe and Central Asia 2018 Acronyms ACE Adverse Childhood Experiences Survey DHS Demographic and Health Survey IPV Intimate partner violence MICS Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNICEF United Nations Children Fund UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UN Women United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women VAC Violence against children VAW/G Violence against women and girls WHO World Health Organization Acknowledgments The Study on Violence against Women and Violence against Children is a collaboration between the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) regional offices in Europe and Central Asia. This report is a summary of a larger study, which has benefited from the data and analysis contributed by UNFPA and UNICEF regional office and country office staff. UNFPA and UNICEF are also grateful to the lead researcher, Emma Fulu, Director of the Equality Institute, and to the colleagues who provided peer review to the Study: Alina Potts of the UNICEF Office of Research, Innocenti; Yolanda Iriarte of UN Women; and Isabel Yordi Aguirre and Stine Kure of the World Health Organization (WHO). Project management and report team: UNFPA EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGIONAL OFFICE: Nigina Abaszade, Regional Gender Advisor Nurgul Kinderbaeva, Gender Specialist Marta Diavolova, Regional Adviser, Strategic Partnerships UNICEF EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGIONAL OFFICE: Maha Muna, Regional Gender Advisor Guzal Kamalova, Child Protection Specialist Siraj Mahmudlu, Data Specialist Nurve Eren, Office Assistant Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................................ -
A Comparative Analysis of the Headscarf in France, Turkey, and the United States Hera Hashmi
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class Volume 10 | Issue 2 Article 8 Too Much to Bare? A Comparative Analysis of the Headscarf in France, Turkey, and the United States Hera Hashmi Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/rrgc Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Hera Hashmi, Too Much to Bare? A Comparative Analysis of the Headscarf in France, Turkey, and the United States, 10 U. Md. L.J. Race Relig. Gender & Class 409 (2010). Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/rrgc/vol10/iss2/8 This Notes & Comments is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TOO MUCH TO BARE? A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HEADSCARF IN FRANCE, TURKEY, AND THE UNITED STATES BY HERA HASHMI* INTRODUCTION In July 2009, a man stabbed and killed a pregnant woman wearing a headscarf in a German courtroom during an appellate trial for his Islamophobic remarks against her.1 Her death led to outrage around the world, and she became known as the "martyr of the veil," a woman killed for her religious belief.2 Yet it was just a simple piece of cloth that evoked this violent reaction. Such Islamaphobic sentiments seem to be spreading throughout various parts of the world. In 2004, France banned headscarves and all conspicuous religious symbols from public classrooms.3 In 2005, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)4 upheld Turkey's headscarf ban barring thousands of headscarf-wearing women from attending schools, universities, and entering government buildings in a country where a majority of the population is Muslim. -
Coordinating for Gender Equality Results
COORDINATING FOR GENDER EQUALITY RESULTS RESULTS GENDER EQUALITY FOR COORDINATING COORDINATING FOR GENDER EQUALITY RESULTS Regional evaluation of UN Women’s contribution to UN system coordination on gender equality and the empowerment of women in Europe and Central Asia ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The evaluation team wishes to thank the many individuals UN Women ECA RO Regional Director, Alia El-Yassir, and organizations who supported the evaluation process UN Women ECA RO Deputy Director and Fumie Nakamura, by making themselves available for interviews and surveys UN Women ECA RO Coordination and Planning Specialist. and by providing helpful feedback on draft deliverables. Special thanks to the UN Women Europe and Central We thank the country representatives and staff of the Asia Regional Office (ECA RO) and to UN Women country four offices visited for all the dedicated time they invested offices, government and non-government partners in the in supporting the evaluation process and in facilitating four case study countries (Albania, Kyrgyzstan, Kosovo, the engagement and inclusion of a wide range of part- and Turkey) and the three countries interviewed virtually ners, stakeholders and beneficiaries of their work, in (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Georgia, and Serbia) for this evalua- particular Albania Country Office (David Saunders, tion. Their cooperation was essential in understanding the Country Office Representative), Kyrgyzstan Country Office nature of UN Women’s coordination mandate at regional (Gerald Gunther, Country Office Representative), Kosovo and national levels. We are also grateful to all 14 ECA Programme Office (Flora Macula, Head of Programme countries whose documentation was provided for review. Office), Turkey Programme Office (Zeliha Unaldi, Gender Finally, we could not have done this without the support Specialist Office of the UN Resident) Coordinator). -
Two Routes to an Impasse: Understanding Turkey's
Two Routes to an Impasse: Understanding Turkey’s Kurdish Policy Ayşegül Aydin Cem Emrence turkey project policy paper Number 10 • December 2016 policy paper Number 10, December 2016 About CUSE The Center on the United States and Europe (CUSE) at Brookings fosters high-level U.S.-Europe- an dialogue on the changes in Europe and the global challenges that affect transatlantic relations. As an integral part of the Foreign Policy Studies Program, the Center offers independent research and recommendations for U.S. and European officials and policymakers, and it convenes seminars and public forums on policy-relevant issues. CUSE’s research program focuses on the transforma- tion of the European Union (EU); strategies for engaging the countries and regions beyond the frontiers of the EU including the Balkans, Caucasus, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine; and broader European security issues such as the future of NATO and forging common strategies on energy security. The Center also houses specific programs on France, Germany, Italy, and Turkey. About the Turkey Project Given Turkey’s geopolitical, historical and cultural significance, and the high stakes posed by the foreign policy and domestic issues it faces, Brookings launched the Turkey Project in 2004 to foster informed public consideration, high‐level private debate, and policy recommendations focusing on developments in Turkey. In this context, Brookings has collaborated with the Turkish Industry and Business Association (TUSIAD) to institute a U.S.-Turkey Forum at Brookings. The Forum organizes events in the form of conferences, sem- inars and workshops to discuss topics of relevance to U.S.-Turkish and transatlantic relations. -
The Position of the US House of Representatives on the Kurdish Issue in Turkey 1993-2000
PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(5), ISSN 1553 - 6939 Article Received: 22th November, 2020; Article Revised: 26th March, 2021; Article Accepted: 26th April, 2021 The Position of the US House of Representatives on the Kurdish Issue In Turkey 1993-2000 Asst. Prof. Dr. Manhal Elham Abdel Duhok Technical University [email protected] Asst.Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hamzah Hussein College of Education,University Of Al-Hamdaniya [email protected] Asst.Prof. Dr. Ahmed Mahmood Alaw University Of Samarra / College of Education [email protected] Summary: The interest of the members of the US House of Representatives, through their files and the minutes of their sessions, in the focus of their country's relations with Turkey on the issue of human rights and democracy. As well as that,the annual reports of the US State Department have recorded widespread and increasing violations regarding the issue of dealing with Kurdish citizens in Turkey, and how American lawmakers have become more Aware of and interest in these issues in their country's foreign policies. The effects of the Kurdish issue in Turkey on the position of Congress appeared through the nature of US-Turkish relations, and directly from the US financial aid granted to Turkey, as well as the US arms deals with Turkey, their quality and quantity. Introduction: The Kurdish issue in Turkey is receiving great international attention, and this concern has entered the corridors of The position of the US House of Representatives as part of the nature of Turkish-American relations, and its implications and direct effects on the nature of those relations. -
Democracy and Good Governance in the Black Sea Region Policy Report IV
Franz-Lothar Altmann Johanna Deimel Armando García Schmidt Democracy and Good Governance in the Black Sea Region Policy Report IV www.blackseacom.eu An initiative of The Black eaS Trust for Regional Cooperation IV About this report The Black Sea region is increasingly becoming a priority on the international agenda. In fact, a regional approach is emerging as actors understand that common problems need to be addressed jointly. Nevertheless, cooperation efforts are hampered by a number of factors, such as uneven economic and political development within and among countries, nationalist forces, and longstanding animosities between regional players. In this context, it is imperative to foster sound policies aimed at strengthening dialogue and cooperation so as to contain and ultimately resolve conflicts with peaceful means. However, there is little policy-oriented research on the challenges and opportunities for cooperation in the Black Sea region. The Commission on the Black Sea aims to redress this imbalance by presenting a series of four policy-oriented reports which reassess the economic, social, regional political and military developments in the region. This report is the fourth one, providing a better understanding of the current status of transformation towards democracy and good governance in the countries of the Black Sea region. The Commission on the Black Sea does not take a collective position with this paper. This text represents only the views of its authors. About the authors Franz-Lothar Altmann is Associate Professor for Intercultural Relations, Bucharest State University. Among many other engagements he served as deputy director of the Southeast Institute in Munich and head of the research unit Western Balkans at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP). -
2015 Table of Contents
"WOMEN, LIFE, FREEDOM": THE STRUGGLE OF KURDISH WOMEN TO PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS By SARAH SIQUEIRA DE MIRANDA A Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfilments of the requirements for the MA IN UNDERSTANDING AND SECURING HUMAN RIGHTS Institute of Commonwealth Studies University of London September 2015 Table of contents INTRODUCTION 6 1. THE EMERGENCE OF THE KURDISH PROBLEM: AN INTERNATIONAL ISSUE 11 PKK: THE SEARCH FOR SOCIAL CHANGE 13 2. OCALAN AND WOMEN'S LIBERATION IDEOLOGY 19 3. THE KURDISH WOMEN'S MOVEMENT: A HISTORY OF RESISTANCE 24 FROM THE MOUNTAINS TO EUROPE: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TRANSNATIONAL KURDISH WOMEN'S NETWORK 26 "LIBERATION FOR SINJAR WOMEN IS LIBERATION FOR HUMANITY": THE ROLE OF THE DIASPORA IN PROMOTING HUMAN RIGHTS 35 INTERNATIONAL REPRESENTATION OF THE KURDISH WOMEN'S MOVEMENT 38 WOMEN'S MEETING UTAMARA 43 CONCLUSION 49 REFERENCES 51 ABSTRACT The Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK), one of the most important secular socio-political movements of the Middle East, has addressed gender issues since its foundation in the late 1970s. However, the question of women's freedom acquired a central position after the 2000s, when the PKK underwent a deep ideological and structural transformation. A foundational tenet is "democratic confederalism", based on a democratic, ecological and gender-emancipatory system. For Abdullah Ocalan, the main leader of the PKK, democracy and freedom can only be achieved through the emancipation of women. Kurdish women have appropriated Ocalan's ideas and to a considerable extent, succeeded in promoting the empowerment of women and advancement of gender equality in the Kurdish societies directly influenced by the PKK: the diaspora and territories in Turkey and Syria.