World Church History
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: the Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Honors Theses Student Research 5-6-2021 Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State Keeley Harris University of Richmond Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses Part of the Political Science Commons, and the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation Harris, Keeley, "Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State" (2021). Honors Theses. 1577. https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses/1577 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State By Keeley Harris Honors Thesis Submitted to: Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond Richmond, VA May 6, 2021 Advisor: Dr. Kristin M. S. Bezio Harris 1 Abstract Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State Keeley Harris Committee members: Dr. Kristin M. S. Bezio, Dr. George R. Goethals and Dr. Douglas L. Winiarski This research focuses on a sect of Christian thinkers who originated in mid-16th century Poland called Socinians. They had radical Christian views built upon ideas from humanism and the Protestant Reformation, including Anti-Trinitarianism and rejecting the divinity of Christ. -
A Rehabilitation of Scholasticism? a Review Article on Richard A. Muller's Post-Reformation Reformed Dogmatics, Vol
A REHABILITATION OF SCHOLASTICISM? A REVIEW ARTICLE ON RICHARD A. MULLER'S POST-REFORMATION REFORMED DOGMATICS, VOL. I, PROLEGOMENA TO THEOLOGY* DOUGLAS F. KELLY REFORMED THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI For decades the idea of scholastic theology has tended to raise very nega tive images, especially among Protestants. The very words 'Protestant scholasticism' or 'seventeenth-century Orthodoxy' conjure up mental pic tures of decaying calf-bound Latin folios covered with thick dust. Of forced and inappropriate proof-texting inside, of abstract and boring syl logisms, far removed from the dynamism of biblical history and concerns of modem life, of harsh logic, a polemical spirit and an almost arrogant propensity to answer questions which the ages have had to leave open. The 'Biblical Theology' movement inspired by Barth and Brunner earlier this century, and the great flowering of sixteenth-century Reformation studies since World War 11 have given seventeenth-century Protestant scholasticism very poor marks when compared with the theology of the original Reformers. The fresh emphasis on the dynamic development of the theology in tfie Scriptures among Evangelicals (post-V os) and vari ous approaches to the 'New Hermeneutics' among those in the more lib eral camp have raised serious questions about the scriptural balance (if not validity) of the more traditional Protestant text-book theology. R. T. Kendall, for instance, has quite negatively evaluated the seventeenth-cen tury Westminster confessional theology in light of the very Calvin whom the Westminster divines certainly thought they were following. 1 Can anything good, therefore, be said these days about Protestant scholasticism? Is it even legitimate to reopen this subject in a serious way? Richard A. -
Antoine De Chandieu (1534-1591): One of the Fathers Of
CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY ANTOINE DE CHANDIEU (1534-1591): ONE OF THE FATHERS OF REFORMED SCHOLASTICISM? A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY THEODORE GERARD VAN RAALTE GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN MAY 2013 CALVIN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY 3233 Burton SE • Grand Rapids, Michigan • 49546-4301 800388-6034 fax: 616 957-8621 [email protected] www. calvinseminary. edu. This dissertation entitled ANTOINE DE CHANDIEU (1534-1591): L'UN DES PERES DE LA SCHOLASTIQUE REFORMEE? written by THEODORE GERARD VAN RAALTE and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy has been accepted by the faculty of Calvin Theological Seminary upon the recommendation of the undersigned readers: Richard A. Muller, Ph.D. I Date ~ 4 ,,?tJ/3 Dean of Academic Programs Copyright © 2013 by Theodore G. (Ted) Van Raalte All rights reserved For Christine CONTENTS Preface .................................................................................................................. viii Abstract ................................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1 Introduction: Historiography and Scholastic Method Introduction .............................................................................................................1 State of Research on Chandieu ...............................................................................6 Published Research on Chandieu’s Contemporary -
Ancient and Modern
Ancient and Modern: What the History of Religion Teaches Us About Contemporary Global Trends Philip Jenkins Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Humanities at Pennsylvania State University Distinguished Senior Fellow at Baylor University’s Institute for Studies of Religion ARDA GUIDING PAPER Ancient and Modern: What the History of Religion Teaches Us About Contemporary Global Trends Religious developments in the contemporary world attract a great deal of scholarship drawing on a wide range of methodologies — ethnographic, economic, and sociological — but the historical component is still not as prominent as it should be. Certainly modern scholars have traced the historical origins of modern conditions, for example in terms of the Christian missions that created the flourishing churches of Africa and Asia, or the contemporary rise of Islamic fundamentalism. Having said this, surprisingly little work on contemporary conditions draws on the vast and flourishing scholarly literature concerning religion in earlier centuries, in the ancient, medieval and early modern worlds. Historians dwell in one academic world while scholars of contemporary religion inhabit another, and the two sides have little contact.1 Yet such a separation is unfortunate, in that the earlier history contains a vast amount of information and case-studies that are highly relevant to contemporary conditions. More important, perhaps, these studies tell us repeatedly that contemporary trends that we believe to be modern and unprecedented are in fact no such thing, and that they have often appeared in earlier eras. It is futile, then, to try and explain these supposed novelties in terms of strictly modern developments. Moreover, contemporary scholarship often describes processes that assume a historical trajectory, but often, the historical pattern is assumed rather than demonstrated. -
Anglican Reflections on Justification by Faith
ATR/95:1 Anglican Reflections on Justification by Faith William G. Witt* This article reexamines the Reformation doctrine of justification by faith alone in the light of traditional criticisms and misunder- standings, but also of recent developments such as agreed ecu- menical statements and the “New Perspective” on Paul. Focusing on formulations of justification found in Anglican reformers such as Thomas Cranmer and Richard Hooker, the author argues that justification by grace through faith is a summary way of saying that salvation from sin is the work of Jesus Christ alone. Union with Christ takes place through faith, and, through this union, Christ’s atoning work has two dimensions: forgiveness of sins (jus- tification) and transformation (sanctification). Union with Christ is sacramentally mediated (through baptism and the eucharist), and has corporate and ecclesial implications, as union with Christ is also union with Christ’s body, the church. The Reformation doctrine of justification by faith is much misun- derstood. Among Roman Catholics, there is the caricature of justifica- tion by faith as a “legal fiction,” as if there were no such thing as a Protestant theology of either creation or sanctification. Similar to the accusation of “legal fiction” was the older criticism that justification by faith was an example of the tendency of late medieval Nominalism to reduce salvation to a matter of a divine voluntarist command, with no correlation to any notion of inherent goodness. For Luther, it was said, the Nominalist God could declare to be righteous someone who * William G. Witt is Assistant Professor of Systematic Theology at Trinity School for Ministry, where he teaches both Systematic Theology and Ethics. -
IMW Journal of Religious Studies Volume 6 Number 1
Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies Volume 6 Number 1 Spring 2015 Article 1 2015 IMW Journal of Religious Studies Volume 6 Number 1 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal Recommended Citation "IMW Journal of Religious Studies Volume 6 Number 1." Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies 6, no. 1 (2015). https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/imwjournal/vol6/iss1/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Intermountain West Journal of Religious Studies is designed to promote the academic study of religion at the graduate and undergraduate levels. The journal is a student initiative affiliated with the Religious Studies Program and the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at Utah State University. Our academic review board includes professional scholars specializing in Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Mormonism, as well as specialists in the fields of History, Philosophy, Psychology, Anthropology, Sociology, and Religion. The journal is housed in the Intermountain West, but gladly accepts submissions from students throughout the United States and around the world. INTERMOUNTAIN WEST JOURNAL Of RELIGIOUS STUDIES ‡ Advisors PHILIP BARLOW RAVI GUPTA Managing Editor CORY M. NANI Editor JEDD COX Associate Editor CHRISTOPHER WILLIAMS Emeritus Editors CHRISTOPHER BLYTHE MARK BULLEN RASMUSON DAVID MUNK Cover Design CORY M. NANI ________________________________________________________________ Academic Review Board RAVI GUPTA Utah State University REID L. NIELSON LDS Church Historical Department KAREN RUFFLE University of Toronto ANNE-MARIE CUSAC Roosevelt University STEPHEN TAYSOM Cleveland State University KECIA ALI Boston University PETER VON SIVERS University of Utah R. -
Sola Fide and Sola Gratia in Early Christianity
Salvation sola fide and sola gratia in early Christianity Published in: P.N. Holtrop, F. De Lange, R. Roukema (eds), Passion of Protestants, Kampen 2004, 27-48 Riemer Roukema Martin Luther‟s passion was to proclaim his discovery that man is justified by faith in Christ. This meant to him that, in man‟s relationship with God, he does not have to correspond to God‟s „righteousness‟ by his own „works‟ or efforts, but that God freely bestows the righteousness of Christ on everyone who believes in Christ as Saviour.1 Luther even intro- duced his discovery into his translation of Rom. 3:28. Whereas Paul wrote there that „man is justified by faith apart from works of the law‟, Luther translated that „man is justified without works of the law, only by faith‟.2 Although this translation was fiercely criticized, he vigorously defended it, saying that a version including „only‟ made up a more natural German sentence than without this adverb. Moreover, he referred to Ambrose and Augustine who said before him that faith alone makes one righteous.3 In Latin, „only by faith‟ is sola fide; combined with sola gratia, „only by grace‟, these words became important slogans of Lutheran and Calvinist Protestantism. For sola gratia, one may refer to Rom. 3:24, „justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus‟ (RSV), and to Eph. 2:8-9a, „For by grace you have been saved through faith; and this is not your own doing, it is the gift of God, not because of works‟ (RSV). -
'Enthusiasm for Liberty': the Great Awakening As the Key to the Revolution
'Enthusiasm for Liberty': The Great Awakening as the Key to the Revolution WILLIAM G. McLOUGHLIN J.HERE ARE VERY Severe challenges facing the historian who tries to deal with the question of religion and the Revo- lution. In the first place most contemporary accounts state emphatically that during the Revolution the people were so busy fighting for independence and survival that the churches were almost deserted. In the second place the literature ofthe Revolutionary Era is concerned almost entirely with ques- tions of politics. In the third place most of the prominent leaders of the new nation, the so-called Founding Fathers, were not very religious men, at least in the sense of being devout or orthodox believers in Christianity. One can, of course, talk about the importance of freedom of conscience as one ofthe inalienable rights of man or about the separation of church and state, but these did not loom very large among the causes of the Revolution since neither king nor Parliament took much interest in them. It would be hard work to prove that the remote possibility of sending a bishop to head the Anglican churches in America was a central issue in the decision of the colonists to seek independence. No one doubts that the Americans were basically a very religious people. The First Great Awakening in the 1730s This paper was read May 3, 1977, at the Worcester Art Museum as one of a series of public lectures held in conjunction with the American Antiquarian Society exhibition 'Wellsprings of a Nation: America before 1801.' The exhibition and lectures were made possible by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. -
The Five Solas of the Reformation
The Five Solas of the Reformation Contents Background ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Sola Gratia ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Indulgences .................................................................................................................................. 6 Definition of Grace ...................................................................................................................... 7 Grace Alone ................................................................................................................................. 9 Grace is Part of the Character of God ...................................................................................... 9 Grace is Clearly Displayed by the Cross of Jesus .................................................................. 11 Grace is Expressed in Different Ways ................................................................................... 12 Grace is Pure .......................................................................................................................... 14 Grace is Sovereign ................................................................................................................. 14 Grace in Relation to the Law ................................................................................................. 16 Grace is Given -
The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut
TERCENTENARY COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut (DOUBLE NUMBER) XXV/ PUBLISHED FOR THE TERCENTENARY COMMISSION BY THE YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS *934 CONNECTICUT STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION LIBRARY SERVICE CENTER MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTION . TERCENTENARY COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut MARY HEWITT MITCHELL I HE Puritan founders of Connecticut, like those of Massachusetts, were the offspring of a remarkable revival of religious fervor in England. They moved across the Atlantic to Tset up their religious Utopia in the New World. Spiritual exaltation and earnestness sustained them amid the perils and pains of establishing homes and churches in the New England wilderness. Clergymen were their leaders. On the Sabbath, the minister, in gown and bands, preached to his flock beneath a tree or under some rude shelter. On other days, in more practical attire, he guided and shared the varied labors incident to the foundation of the new settlement. The younger generation and the later comers, however, had more worldliness mingled with their aims, but re- ligion continued a dominant factor in the expanding colonial life. Perhaps the common man felt personal enthusiasm for religion less than he did necessary regard for provisions of the law, yet as he wandered into un- occupied parts of the colony, he was not leaving the watch and ward of the church. Usually, indeed, he did not wish to, since even the most worldly-minded desired the honors and privileges attached to membership in the church-state. -
Turning Point: Luther at the Diet of Worms (1521)
Turning Point: Luther at the Diet of Worms (1521) Mark Noll, Turning Points, ch. 7 Key texts to start with: The Freedom of a Christian, On the Bondage of the Will, The Babylonian Captivity of the Church, The 95 Theses. Augsburg Confession of the Lutheran churches (1530). Luther on reading and teaching the Gospel narratives. Luther's amazing sermon on John 1:29. Luther's blistering commentary on Galatians. Guys who blog quite a bit on Luther - Ron Frost, Peter Mead, Glen Scrivener. Carl Trueman on Luther at the Clarus Conference 2005 - audio. Martin Luther in 30 minutes from MTC. A Mighty Fortress is Our God: The Story of Martin Luther - available at iServe Africa bookstore Graham Tomlin, Luther and his World – available in the iServe Africa library Michael Reeves, Unquenchable Flame / On Giant’s Shoulders Some of the key issues: Authority of Church versus authority of Word – “my conscience is captive to the Word of God” Against Papacy that Luther saw to be slamming the door to the kingdom in people’s faces, not going in and preventing others from entering Sacraments reduced to Baptism and Lord’s Supper (versus 7 catholic sacraments) Luther’s ‘theology of the Cross’ (from 1517 onwards) - increasingly seeing that the will is bound, can do no good of ourselves (and if we think that we can, that is evil); it is in powerlessness that there is power. This was an extension of Augustinianism that the church could no longer contain. Summary of Alister McGrath’s Luther’s Theology of the Cross, 1985 McGrath starts by placing Luther is his setting as a late medieval theologian of the via moderna. -
Sola Fide the Relevance of Remembering the Reformation
Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary ConcordiaPages Resources for Ministry 1-1-2018 Sola Fide The Relevance of Remembering the Reformation Erik Herrmann Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/concordiapages Part of the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Herrmann, Erik, "Sola Fide The Relevance of Remembering the Reformation" (2018). ConcordiaPages. 6. https://scholar.csl.edu/concordiapages/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Resources for Ministry at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in ConcordiaPages by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SOLA FIDE THE RELEVANCE OF REMEMBERING THE REFORMATION ERIK HERRMANN pages SOLA FIDE THE RELEVANCE OF REMEMBERING THE REFORMATION ERIK HERRMANN About the Author Erik Herrmann r. Erik Herrmann is associate professor of historical theology, chairman of the Department of Historical Theology, director of Concordia Theology, and director of the Center for Reformation Research at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis. DHerrmann joined the faculty of Concordia Seminary in 2005 after serving as an assistant pastor at Timothy Lutheran Church in St. Louis. He received his Ph.D. (2005) and Master of Divinity (2000) from Concordia Seminary. His earned his bachelor’s degree (1995) from Concordia University Wisconsin. His areas of interest and expertise include the history of biblical interpretation, with a particular focus on Martin Luther and the Reformation period; history of Medieval and Reformation/early modern Europe; 20th–century interpretations of Martin Luther and his theology; and the history of American Lutheranism.