Part III. Master Plan The Study on Integrated Urban Transportation Master Plan for Istanbul Metropolitan Area in the Republic of Turkey Interim Report Chapter 12 Chapter 12 Preparatory Works for Master Plan Formulation 12.1 Network Planning Approach 12.1.1 Definitions of Transport Network For the transport network planning purpose, the following terms were defined. 1) Present Network Transport network as of March 2008, including road and highway, railways (Mtero, LRT, tramway and others) and ferry/sea-bus route. 2) Base Network Base network is the present network added with committed projects of which implementation was already decided. The committed projects consist of projects under construction, bidding and design after approval. The base network is used as the basis of planning and its component projects are not evaluated in this Study. 3) Maximum Network Maximum network is a network with new projects added to the base network. There are three groups of new projects: one is a group of projects planned by IMM but not approved yet, second is the projects planned or proposed by organizations other than IMM, such as KGM, DLH and IMM’s transport-related affiliate organizations, and the third group is projects planned in this Study. A new project can be added at any time of the planning stage. Component projects of the maximum network will be examined and evaluated from traffic, economic, financial or environmental point of view. Several alternative networks will be derived from the maximum network. 4) Master Plan Network Through repetitive analyses on the maximum network and alternative networks, the master plan network will be elaborated. 12.1.2 Network Planning Process Network planning was conducted according to the process shown in Figure 12.1.1. Firstly, the base network was composed by reviewing existing projects and confirming their stages for implementation. Secondly, all the non-approved projects and other planned or proposed projects were added. After making analysis on demand/ capacity gaps, new projects were created to fill the gaps and improve the network configuration to form the maximum network. In addition, road and railway network was planned for the suburban areas expected to be newly urbanized in the future. Thus, the maximum network was formulated which is presented in Chapter 13 and Chapter 14. In the next step, the maximum network will be tested to the future demand. Especially, large-scale projects will be evaluated by with and without comparison or by comparison of alternatives developed by their combination. All the component projects of the maximum network will be evaluated and prioritized. Finally, the Master Plan network will be composed, considering the financial constraints. In case the Master Plan Network can hardly cope with future demand, some TDM measures will be studied on their applicability and efficiency in demand reduction. In the 12-1 The Study on Integrated Urban Transportation Master Plan for Istanbul Metropolitan Area in the Republic of Turkey Interim Report Chapter 12 last step of the Study, Implementation Plan of the Master Plan will be prepared, covering investment schedule, executing agency and implementation schemes. Loading Future Demand Demand & Project Development Supply Finding & Goals and Targets Analysis Formulation (Do Nothing) (Do Something) Present Base Do Max 2023 M/P Network Network Network Network On-Going & Regional Financial Committed Network Envelope Projects Projects Regional Development Plan Implementation ・Thrace Dev. Plan Plan ・Logistic Plan ・Marmara region Dev. Plan Source : Study Team Figure 12.1.1 Network Planning Process 12.2 Base Network 12.2.1 Base Network of Road The Municipality of Istanbul has steadily developed the road network in Istanbul during the past decades. Those efforts are still ongoing at present and there are many projects at various stages. They are classified as follows: A type: Under Construction B type: Tendering Stage C type: Detailed Design completed D type: Designing (D/D) Stage The road project of IMM is generally carried out through the steps shown in Figure 12.2.1. At first, road projects are mainly planned by the Directorate of Transport Planning of the IMM. If they are approved by UTK (Transport and Traffic Commission) or UKOME (Transport Coordination Center) in the municipality, The Directorate of Transport Planning will proceed to more detailed study at the scale of 1/5,000 or 1/1,000. The detailed study results are sometimes discussed again and approved in UTK or UKOME. The plan is submitted to the City Council and will be approved unless any problem is anticipated. The plan will be announced to the public and proceed to the bidding process. From the bidding to the actual implementation, the Department of Science Affairs is responsible for the project. 12-2 The Study on Integrated Urban Transportation Master Plan for Istanbul Metropolitan Area in the Republic of Turkey Interim Report Chapter 12 Road development Plan by Directorate of Transport Planning /Directorate of Transport Coordination with scale of 1/100,000 or 1/25,000 Approval of UTK (Transport and Traffic Commission) for small project or UKOME (Coordination of Transport Department) for large project Detailed Study on the Plan with scale of 1/5,000 to 1/1,000 by Directorate of Transport Planning Discussion with related agencies and Modification of the Plan if necessary Approval of City Council Announcement to the Public Nationalization of the Project Bidding process by Department of Science Affairs Implementation of the Project Source : Directorate of the Transport Planning of IMM Figure 12.2.1 Procedure of the Road Project Implementation for Municipality Roads According to the Directorate of the Transport Planning of IMM, the road and intersection projects are as shown in Table 12.2.1. Projects are generally approved by city council based on the above procedure. Table 12.2.1 shows the development stage of each project as of June 2008. The approval is usually given based on the above mentioned procedure, however, there are some projects already approved in spite of the fact that the development stage is still at under design. According to IMM, there are special project cases where the approval is given in advance. Table 12.2.1 Road and Intersection Projects of IMM Stage Project List Approved Projects Road Intersection Road Intersection Under Construction 18 39 18 39 Tendering Process 9 14 9 14 Design Completed 43 21 42 13 Design on-going 43 39 23 2 Under Study 32 9 0 5 Total 145 122 92 73 Source : Directorate of the Transport Planning of IMM Most of the road projects are of small-scale with only a few km in length. Among them, relatively large-scale prominent projects are as follows: 12-3 The Study on Integrated Urban Transportation Master Plan for Istanbul Metropolitan Area in the Republic of Turkey Interim Report Chapter 12 1) Kagithane - Piyalepasa - Dolmabance (Inonu Stadium) Tunnel Project (A09) (C26) This is composed of two tunnel construction projects linking Imrabor St. at the south-west part of Kagithane district with Dormabance St. running along the Bosporus via Piyalepasa St., which is an arterial of the new CBD area in the N – S direction. There is no main road crossing the central area in this east-west direction, therefore it is expected to contribute to the traffic dispersal of the congested area. This is already under construction as a 4-lane road. 2) Cendere-Ayazaga-Buyukdere Street project (C06) This is a new connection road between Saryer District and TEM highway at Hasdal as well as Sisli Ayazaga District. It is expected to alleviate traffic concentration to the parallel road, Buyukdere St., which is the main arterial connecting the central area with the northern part. This project is still at the stage of D/D completed according to the project list, and has been approved by the city council already. 3) New road project in Basaksehir 4th Stage between Old Edirne Road and TEM highway (C17) This project is to construct a new access road to Basaksehir area, a big residential development area in Kucukcekmece district from TEM highway in the south and Old Edirne Road in the north. The project road length is 7.6km with 4 lanes. It contains many bridges and junctions. Some junctions are planned for future needs. It is also still at the stage of design completed, and has been approved already. 4) Widening of D-100 Highway between Kucukyalı - Kartal (C27) This is a widening project of D100 highway for the section from Kucukyali to Kartal of 8.8 km in length. This freeway is a main axis in Istanbul together with TEM highway. It aims to cope with the expanding traffic growth in the Asian region by widening from 4 lanes at present to 6 lanes. The widening of D-100 is planned to be extended from Kartal to Cayirova near Gebze in the next stage (D01). This project has been approved already and is at the tendering stage at present. 5) Gaziosmanpasa County Bogazkoy Town road and related infrastructure project (A14) This is a widening project of Old Edirne Road and its extension from 2 lanes to 6 lanes in Gaziomanpasa district. This is the most important arterial in this district and connecting with TEM highway at the southern end. The project length is 9.8km. It aims to cope with the traffic demand growth in accordance with the rapidly expanding residential development. This project has been approved already and is now under tendering process. 6) Avcilar - Firuzkoy Tahtakale Road Project (C04) This project is a new road construction between Avicilar and TEM highway along the west area of Kucukcekmece Lake. The surrounding area is partly residential, but the density is still low. In the Istanbul Master plan of 1/25,000, the area is to be developed as a big fair area including convention or exhibition facilities or cultural facilities and some residential area.