DOCSLIB.ORG

SECURING BRITISH BORNE O Y 16Th June Brunei and Labuan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

CHAPTER 20 SECURING BRITISH BORNE O Y 16th June Brunei and Labuan Island, except for the Pocket, had B been won and two subsidiary operations had been ordered . One, as mentioned earlier, was the landing of a reinforced battalion about Miri . The other was the seizure of Weston, on the mainland east of Labuan . This task was given to the 2/32nd Battalion, part of the divisional reserve; it had landed on Labuan on the 12th. The 2/32nd and troops attache d to it were now to land and take Weston and thence reconnoitre across country and by river to- wards Beaufort with a view to the eventual capture of that town by the 24th Brigade. The principal remaining element of the divisional reserve—the 2/ 12th Com- mando Squadron — was given the task of making sure that the outlying parts of Labuan Island were cleared of Japanese, while the 2/28th Battalion, with air and artillery support , reduced the Pocket. The squadron had embarked under the command of th e 2/32nd Battalion, and ha d now been on Labuan Island for nine days . The island was divided into -- troop areas and patrolling 3°° 400 began. In the next eleven 14th-21st June days patrols took one prisoner and killed 27 Japanese, most of them after an enemy raid on th e B .B.C.A.U. area on 24th June. On the 26th Lieutenant Johnstone's1 section found a party of Japanese, evidently those who had made the raid , and killed 14 in a swift skirmish in which two Australians were wounded . Meanwhile the pressure against the Pocket had continued . On the after- noon of 14th June a company of the 2/28th had attacked the Pocket after the artillery had fired 250 rounds . The company met heavy fire fro m mortars and machine-guns, a flanking attack failed, and it withdrew . On Lt W. P. Johnstone, VX100050 ; 2/12 Cdo Sqn. Clerk ; of Colac, Vic ; b . Colac, 8 Aug 1921 . 14-18 June BOMBARDING THE POCKET 473 the 15th the 2/12th Field Regiment continued bombarding the Pocke t and in the next five days and nights hurled 140 tons of shells into it . Within the Pocket were three main areas of high ground : Eastman Spur overlooking the northern approaches, particularly Lyon Ridge which le d in from the north ; Lushington Ridge which dominated the easter n approach; Norman Ridge overlooking the whole area from the west . There were only two feasible approaches : a heavily-mined track on Lyo n Ridge along which it would be possible for tanks to move, and a trac k through swamp to the razor-backed Lushington Ridge and along it to Norman Ridge. On 15th June the 2/11th Commando Squadron had probed from th e north and reported that the track on Lyon Ridge was suitable for tanks provided a large bomb crater was filled. So, on the morning of the 16th , Major Lyon's company of the 2/28th with a troop of tanks (Lieutenan t Ha112 ) attacked this side of the Pocket. The advance began at 8 .45. One platoon moved forward and protected a bulldozer while it filled in th e crater. Then the advance was continued, and by 10 .20 the first ridge had been taken, but heavy fire from the next one pinned the infantry down and damaged a tank. Lieutenant Sweet's3 section of the 2/11th Com- mando which was protecting Colonel Norman ' s tactical headquarters wa s sent forward on the left of Lyon's company . It came under sharp fire , the two leading men were killed and Sweet wounded . Corporal Carland 4 took command, coolly reorganised the men, and put them in a defensiv e position. At midday Lieutenant Avern's troop of tanks relieved Hall's whos e tanks remained with a fresh company (Captain Eastman) which was dig- ging in on the ground that had been taken . The tanks pushed 150 yard s ahead of the infantry and killed 8 or 10 Japanese . One tank was hit with a bomb, which jammed the turret and wounded the driver; another was bogged 50 yards ahead of the infantry . In the day the six tanks fired 268 shells and 16,000 rounds of machine-gun ammunition . In the fight, which went on all day, Lyon and Padre W . E. Holt who was helping the wounded were hit, Holt mortally . Padre Ballard,5 who was with the 2/11th Commando, also went forward with stretcher bearers and organised the rescue of wounded. By 6.15 p.m. Eastman's company had relieved the leading company, now under Lieutenant Graffin° ; it had lost 5 killed and 23 wounded. It was decided to continue bombarding the area unti l it could be taken with fewer casualties. The field guns bombarded the Pocket heavily for two days ; and on the 18th the cruiser Shropshire also shelled it with its 8-inch guns, a spotter 2 Lt J . S . Hall, NX122887 ; 2/9 Armd Regt . Insurance clerk; of Roseville, NSW; b. Bondi, NSW, 3 Nov 1922 . a Lt J . Sweet, WX28581 ; 2/11 Cdo Sqn . Clerk ; of Maylands, WA ; b. Dwellingup, WA, 2 1 Dec 1919 . Cpl J . G . V . Carland, MM, VX33023 . 9 Cav Regt and 2/11 Cdo Sqn . Truck driver ; o f Nathalia, Vic ; b . Nathalia, 9 Oct 1916 . a Chaplain Rev H. R. Ballard, MC, SX22714. 2/4 LAA Regt and 2/11 Cdo Sqn . Congregational minister ; of Renmark, SA ; b . Nairne, SA, 23 Sep 1910. a Lt L. R . Grafrm, WX18204; 2/28 Bn . Accountant ; of Darwin ; b. Kalgoorlie, WA, 5 Oct 1916. 474 SECURING BRITISH BORNEO 18-21 June in an Auster aircraft directing the fire ; shell splinters weighing more than a pound fell hundreds of yards from the shell-bursts. On the 19th the infantry continued to probe the area, supported by Avem's tanks, an d killed 10 Japanese, Avern, who was directing fire from the ground b y walkie-talkie, and two others being wounded. On 20th June the bom- bardment was intensified : the 12th Battery fired 1,440 shells into th e Pocket and six bombers struck it . The battery brought its fire to withi n 40 yards of the forward weapon-pits without mishap . It was decided that the Pocket had now been "sufficiently softened up" and would be capture d next day by two companies supported by tanks, including flame-throwers . At 4.30 a.m. next morning troops in and round Labuan town were awakened by the sound of firing close by . For an hour or two there was confused fighting in which the engineers, pioneers and other troops of the Beach Group were involved . It eventually appeared that about 50 Japanese had stealthily moved out from the Pocket through the swamps and raided the base at Labuan. One small group attacked the guard of the prisoner- of-war cage where one Australian and two Japanese, armed with swords , were killed . The detachment of the American Boat and Shore Regimen t was attacked and lost 3 killed and 8 wounded. One group attacked the lines of the 2/ 1st Docks Operating Company. Sergeant Antill7 organised a small party which, armed only with rifles, held the raiders off fo r two hours and then Antill organised a party which mopped up the remain- ing Japanese. This swiftly-arranged defence by a few men of a non - combatant unit probably saved heavy losses among large numbers of men sleeping in the area . Altogether 32 Japanese were killed round Labuan . The 2/7th Field Company withstood attack by a subsidiary raiding party equipped with aerial bombs which thrust at the northern end of th e airstrip, evidently with the object of destroying the Spitfires there . The engineers killed 11 and had one man killed and 4 wounded by Japanes e bayonets. At 9 a.m. Colonel Norman sent a platoon into the town in trucks to help in the mopping up, but by that time they were not needed . Meanwhile the 2/28th had opened its two-company attack on th e Pocket, whose garrison had now been much reduced by the loss of th e raiding parties . The artillery again bombarded the small area and at 10 a.m. on the 21st Captain Lushington's company with a troop of tank s thrust westward along the track on Lushington Ridge while Major Lyon's company with one troop of tanks and two flame-throwing Frogs thrus t into the Pocket from Eastman Spur . In an hour and a half Lushington' s company was half way through the Pocket and under rifle fire . They were then halted by Norman lest they come under fire from Lyon moving down from the north, and now half way into the Pocket . The Frogs then overcame all opposition. The enemy offered little resistance and appeared completely dazed as a result o f the "softening up" process . Any offensive spirit which he had left was quickly 4 Sgt E . J . Antill, MM, NX88163 ; 2/1 Docks Operating Coy. Haulage contractor ; of Wagga Wagga, NSW; b . Adelong, NSW, 13 Jan 1910. June1945 ALONG THE RAILWAY 475 lost when the Frogs commenced projecting streams of flame at medium machine-gu n positions. During the day 60 Japanese were killed and a considerable quantity o f equipment of all types was captured .8 Later in the afternoon bulldozers were burying the Japanese dea d of whom about 100 were counted, about 40 of these evidently having been killed in the earlier fighting and bombardments.
Recommended publications
  • 6 X 10.5 Three Line Title.P65

    6 X 10.5 Three Line Title.P65

    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19480-8 - Armies of Empire: The 9th Australian and 50th British Divisions in Battle 1939-1945 Allan Converse Frontmatter More information Armies of Empire The 9th Australian and 50th British Divisions in Battle 1939–1945 Armies of Empire uniquely reflects upon the experience of two divisions from different armies facing similar challenges in the Second World War. The 9th Australian Division and the British 50th (Northumbrian) Division both saw long service and suffered heavy casualties, and both encountered morale, discipline and battlefield effectiveness problems. In this illuminating, comparative study of Australian and British divisions at war, Allan Converse draws extensively on primary sources as well as recent scholarship on morale and combat efficiency. His fresh approach questions the popular mythology surrounding the Australian Digger and the British Tommy, and shows how it was a combination of leadership, loyalty and tactics, rather than intrinsic national qualities, which resulted in victory for Churchill’s armies. Allan Converse is Lecturer in the Department of History at Bentley University, USA. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19480-8 - Armies of Empire: The 9th Australian and 50th British Divisions in Battle 1939-1945 Allan Converse Frontmatter More information Other titles in the Australian Army History Series Series editor David Horner Phillip Bradley The Battle for Wau: New Guinea’s Frontline 1942–1943 Mark Johnston
  • Existing Environment

    Existing Environment

    Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment for the Proposed Reclamation for the Development Chapter 3 of Oil and Gas Industrial Base at Kg. Rancha-Rancha, Labuan, F.T., Malaysia Existing Environment Chapter 3 Existing Environment 3.1 Introduction This chapter outlines and records the existing conditions, in qualitative and quantitative terms, of the physico-chemical, biological and socio-economics environment at the project site (reclamation and sand borrow) and its surrounding areas (within 5-km radius) prior to implementation of the Project. As mentioned in Chapter 2, this Project two (2) sites, i.e. 1) the reclamation site, where proposed reclamation and capital dredging in near vicinity to attain the required draft; and 2) the proposed sand borrow site, where sand materials will be extracted and transported to the reclamation site. The purpose of describing the existing environmental setting is to establish a reliable “baseline”, which is an important pre-requisite for undertaking an environmental impact assessment and future project monitoring. 3.2 Physico-Chemical Environment 3.2.1 Bathymetry The bathymetrical database for this DEIA study is derived from the C-Map electronic chart. All depths are referred to chart datum and reference in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM-50) coordinate system. Reclamation site: This site is located on the western side of Rancha-Rancha Industrial area facing the Sg Kina Benuwa bay. The bay morphology is composed by a mixture of sand mud and low lying rocks. The bathymetric at this site ranges from -1 MSL to -7 MSL. Sand borrow site: The bathymetric at this site ranges between -5 MSL and -12 MSL (from north to south).
  • M.V. Solita's Passage Notes

    M.V. Solita's Passage Notes

    M.V. SOLITA’S PASSAGE NOTES SABAH BORNEO, MALAYSIA Updated August 2014 1 CONTENTS General comments Visas 4 Access to overseas funds 4 Phone and Internet 4 Weather 5 Navigation 5 Geographical Observations 6 Flags 10 Town information Kota Kinabalu 11 Sandakan 22 Tawau 25 Kudat 27 Labuan 31 Sabah Rivers Kinabatangan 34 Klias 37 Tadian 39 Pura Pura 40 Maraup 41 Anchorages 42 2 Sabah is one of the 13 Malaysian states and with Sarawak, lies on the northern side of the island of Borneo, between the Sulu and South China Seas. Sabah and Sarawak cover the northern coast of the island. The lower two‐thirds of Borneo is Kalimantan, which belongs to Indonesia. The area has a fascinating history, and probably because it is on one of the main trade routes through South East Asia, Borneo has had many masters. Sabah and Sarawak were incorporated into the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 and Malaysia is now regarded a safe and orderly Islamic country. Sabah has a diverse ethnic population of just over 3 million people with 32 recognised ethnic groups. The largest of these is the Malays (these include the many different cultural groups that originally existed in their own homeland within Sabah), Chinese and “non‐official immigrants” (mainly Filipino and Indonesian). In recent centuries piracy was common here, but it is now generally considered relatively safe for cruising. However, the nearby islands of Southern Philippines have had some problems with militant fundamentalist Muslim groups – there have been riots and violence on Mindanao and the Tawi Tawi Islands and isolated episodes of kidnapping of people from Sabah in the past 10 years or so.
  • Sandakan Death March Labuan War Cemetery Featuring

    Sandakan Death March Labuan War Cemetery Featuring

    2019 Featuring: Sandakan Death March Labuan War Cemetery Sandakan Death March Mount Kinabalu This tour begins at Sandakan and follows the true Death March route to Ranau. End- Mt Kinabalu is a particularly strenuous climb. You will commence at 1800 metres ing at Labuan Island where the POW’s are buried in the Commonwealth War Graves - unrelenting. The second day commences in the early hours of the morning, and you kan Death March has been a “Conspiracy of Silence” until recent years. The story needs to be told. The views from Mt Kinabalu of the surrounding regions is stunning and worth every bit of exertion! This trek is the next step that all Australians who have walked with us along the Kokoda Trail should consider taking. The trek should be considered strenuous. A high Prices: - tainous, the conditions can often be extreme – you will be walking in high tempera- Sandakan Death March (ex Borneo) tures, often in full sun and with a high level of humidity. AUD$3250 per person (4 trekkers or more) The trek is vehicle supported and provides an exit option each day for trekkers not wishing to undertake walking the whole track. Trekking the Sandakan Death March Mount Kinabalu (ex Borneo) is unlike trekking in Papua New Guinea. Due to large tracks of land now growing Oil Palm and Saba becoming heavily populated a lot of the Sandakan Death March is AUD$600 per person through private oil palm plantations, along main roads or not far from roads. There is See page 4 for inclusions & exclusions.
  • 7 Australian Infantry Division (1940 – 41)]

    7 Australian Infantry Division (1940 – 41)]

    14 January 2019 [7 AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY DIVISION (1940 – 41)] th 7 Australian Infantry Division (1) Advanced Headquarters. 6th Australian Division, Signals & Employment Platoon Rear Headquarters, 6th Australian Division & Signals th 18 Australian Infantry Brigade (2) Headquarters, 18th Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘J’ Section Signals & 47th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/9th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/10th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/12th Australian Infantry Battalion 21st Australian Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 21st Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘K’ Section Signals & 59th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/14th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/16th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/27th Australian Infantry Battalion 25th Australian Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 25th Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘L’ Section Signals & 44th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/25th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/31st Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/33rd Australian Infantry Battalion Divisional Troops 7th Australian Divisional Cavalry Regiment (H.Q., ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Squadrons, ‘G’ Section Signals and 50th Light Aid Detachment) ©www.BritishMilitaryH istory.co.uk Page 1 14 January 2019 [7 AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY DIVISION (1940 – 41)] th Headquarters, Royal Australian Artillery, 7 Australian Division (7) 2nd/4th Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery (H.Q., 7th & 8th Field Batteries and 51st Light Aid Detachment) 2nd/5th Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery (H.Q., 9th & 10th Field Batteries and 52nd Light Aid Detachment) 2nd/6th Field Regiment, Royal Australian
  • 9 Australian Infantry Division (1941-42)

    9 Australian Infantry Division (1941-42)

    14 January 2019 [9 AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY DIVISION (1940 – 42)] th 9 Australian Infantry Division (1) Advanced Headquarters, 9th Australian Division, Signals & Employment Platoon Rear Headquarters, 9th Australian Division & Signals th 20 Australian Infantry Brigade (2) Headquarters, 20th Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘J’ Section Signals & 58th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/13th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/15th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/17th Australian Infantry Battalion 20th Australian Infantry Brigade Anti-Tank Company 24th Australian Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 24th Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘J’ Section Signals & 76th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/28th Australian Infantry Battalion nd nd 2 /32 Australian Infantry Battalion (3) 2nd/43rd Australian Infantry Battalion 24th Australian Infantry Brigade Anti-Tank Company 26th Australian Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 26th Australian Infantry Brigade, ‘J’ Section Signals & 78th Light Aid Detachment 2nd/23rd Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/24th Australian Infantry Battalion 2nd/48th Australian Infantry Battalion 26th Australian Infantry Brigade Anti-Tank Company Divisional Troops th 9 Australian Divisional Cavalry Regiment (3) 82nd Light Aid Detachment nd nd 2 /2 Australian Machine Gun Battalion (3) © w w w . BritishMilitaryH istory.co.uk Page 1 14 January 2019 [9 AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY DIVISION (1940 – 42)] th Headquarters, Royal Australian Artillery, 9 Australian Division 2nd/7th Australian Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery 2nd/8th Australian Field Regiment, Royal Australian
  • Last Counter-Attack and a Controversial Relief The

    Last Counter-Attack and a Controversial Relief The

    CHAPTER 8 LAST COUNTER-ATTACK AND A CONTROVERSIAL RELIEF HE men of the Tobruk garrison had always thought that the term o f T their confinement would be the time taken to drive off the besiegers . In the midsummer month of July when the prospect of relief by a frontie r offensive seemed indefinitely remote, General Blarney proposed anothe r kind of relief : relief by sea . His request provoked a strong disagreement between the British and Australian Governments ; but confidences were so well kept that to all but one or two of the Australians who were in the fortress the first intimation that their going thence had been th e subject of controversy was the publication after the war of Sir Winston Churchill's The Grand Alliance, in which he gave his own account of the dispute. There he declared that it gave him pain to have to relate the incident, but to suppress it indefinitely would have been impossible . "Besides, " he wrote, "the Australian people have a right to know what happened and why." 1 For that very reason it was unfortunate that, i n relating the differences between the two Governments, Sir Winsto n Churchill quoted extensively from his own messages to successive Aus- tralian Prime Ministers but did not disclose the text of their replies . If the Australian people had depended solely on Sir Winston Churchill 's account for knowledge of what happened and why, they might have been left with some erroneous impressions . In particular it might have been inferred that when Mr Fadden's Government insisted that the relief o f the 9th Division should proceed, it did so not because of a strong convic- tion based on broad considerations advanced by its military advisers bu t because it had been induced by "hard pressure from its political opponents " to turn a deaf ear to Churchill's entreaties .
  • Australians at the First Battle of El Alamein

    Australians at the First Battle of El Alamein

    Road to Ruin: The 9th Australian Division and the First Battle of El Alamein, July 1942. Nicole Townsend Abstract Throughout July 1942, the Allies made numerous attempts to break through the Axis lines at El Alamein, however, these operations were largely unsuccessful and failed to achieve a decisive victory. On 27 July, a final assault against enemy lines was launched with the aim of capturing the key feature of Miteiriya Ridge, commonly referred to as Ruin Ridge. Although the operation met with initial success, the operation ended in complete disaster as the British and Australian infantry involved were surrounded by German tanks and forced to surrender. During this single operation, over 1000 men were lost. The 2/28th Australian Infantry Battalion was virtually wiped out whilst the British 69th Brigade suffered casualties of more than 600 men. Using archival sources held by the Australian War Memorial, this paper analyses the disaster at Ruin Ridge to determine what went wrong. It will be argued that the failure of the operation was due largely to poor operational planning and the failure of armoured support to materialise as planned. Introduction A seemingly innocuous railway siding located approximately 100 kilometres west of the key port city of Alexandria on Egypt’s Mediterranean coast, El Alamein was the site of three key battles between July and November 1942. The 9th Australian Division played a significant role in each of the three battles, suffering particularly heavy casualties in both the first and third battles. Though the third and final battle (which the Allies would call the second battle of El Alamein) would live on in memory as the most significant, with the battle consistently heralded as a major turning point in the Mediterranean theatre, the July operations under Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck were equally significant.
  • Tour Code : SHK08 Tour Duration : APPROX. 11

    Tour Code : SHK08 Tour Duration : APPROX. 11

    SAMPLE ITINERARY 0540 Pick up from hotel and transfer by coach to Beaufort Railway Station. Located in interior division of Sabah, East Malaysia on the island of Borneo. Signing of liability Release Form before the rafting commences. 0730 Arrive at Beaufort, get onboard by train. The thrilling yet scenic ride will take around 1 ½ hours – 2 hours to get to Pangi Station (starting point). Train will depart at 0750 hours. You will have 10 minutes stop at Rayoh Station to keep your belonging and get change for rafting gears. 1030 When arrived at Pangi, light refreshment will be served. Safety briefing will be conducted by Riverbug crew.Rafting commence from starting point to Rayoh (ending point) which will take about 1 ½ - 2 hours (10km) includes of 8 points Tour Code : SHK08 of rapids namely Head Hunter Point, Scooby Doo Point, Cobra Point Lambada Tour Duration : APPROX. 11 HOURS Point, Washing Machine Point, Mary Go Round Point, Snake House Point and Minimum : 2 ADULTS PER DEPARTURE BBQ Rapids Point. 1230 Expected time of arrive at Rayoh (ending point) for sumptuous lunch and Padas river gushes through the spectacular Padas after lunch we will depart back by train to Beaufort at 1330 hours, estimated Gorge and is challenge to all who raft in this river. 2 – 2 ½ hours on train ride. The ultimate challenge will speak for itself as one 1545 Arrival at Beaufort Town and transfer by coach or van back to Kota Kinabalu shoots through and experience the nerve tingling city estimated 2 – 2 ½ hours. excitement ....... 1800 Estimated time of arrival in Kota Kinabalu.
  • INDIGENOUS GROUPS of SABAH: an Annotated Bibliography of Linguistic and Anthropological Sources

    INDIGENOUS GROUPS of SABAH: an Annotated Bibliography of Linguistic and Anthropological Sources

    INDIGENOUS GROUPS OF SABAH: An Annotated Bibliography of Linguistic and Anthropological Sources Part 1: Authors Compiled by Hans J. B. Combrink, Craig Soderberg, Michael E. Boutin, and Alanna Y. Boutin SIL International SIL e-Books 7 ©2008 SIL International Library of Congress Catalog Number: 2008932444 ISBN: 978-155671-218-0 Fair Use Policy Books published in the SIL e-Books series are intended for scholarly research and educational use. You may make copies of these publications for research or instructional purposes (under fair use guidelines) free of charge and without further permission. Republication or commercial use of SILEB or the documents contained therein is expressly prohibited without the written consent of the copyright holder(s). Series Editor Mary Ruth Wise Volume Editor Mae Zook Compositor Mae Zook The 1st edition was published in 1984 as the Sabah Museum Monograph, No. 1. nd The 2 edition was published in 1986 as the Sabah Museum Monograph, No. 1, Part 2. The revised and updated edition was published in 2006 in two volumes by the Malaysia Branch of SIL International in cooperation with the Govt. of the State of Sabah, Malaysia. This 2008 edition is published by SIL International in single column format that preserves the pagination of the 2006 print edition as much as possible. Printed copies of Indigenous groups of Sabah: An annotated bibliography of linguistic and anthropological sources ©2006, ISSN 1511-6964 may be obtained from The Sabah Museum Handicraft Shop Main Building Sabah Museum Complex, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah,
  • The Outlook of Rural Water Supply in Developing Country: Review on Sabah, Malaysia

    The Outlook of Rural Water Supply in Developing Country: Review on Sabah, Malaysia

    BORNEO SCIENCE 41 (1) : MARCH 2020 THE OUTLOOK OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY: REVIEW ON SABAH, MALAYSIA Rosalam Sarbatly1, Farhana Abd Lahin2*, Chel-Ken Chiam3 1, 2, 3 Membrane Technology Research Group, Material and Mineral Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA Email: [email protected], 2*[email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. This paper reviews the challenges in the water supply provision, water source availability and quality and the distribution approaches in rural Sabah. The main challenges to provide potable water in Sabah is the variance in terrain and geographical distance between populated regions. Review reveals that other than the river water, average annual precipitation of 3000 millimetres (mm) could be harvested for domestic and agricultural purposes. Numbers of aquifer uncovered in the eastern and western region of Sabah with underlying sandstone and Quaternary Alluvium have significant potential for groundwater reservoirs. Aquifer along the coastal areas and islands around Sabah also gives sufficient potable water supplies. Minimal pollutant content was found in all water sources and acceptable under the National Water Standard of Malaysia, except for contaminants coming from septic tanks and agricultural activities. A decentralized water system is more beneficial for Sabah’s rural areas. Smaller scaled plants are flexible to collect from any water sources and treat at the point of use. Expenditure is significantly decreased by a shorter distribution network and lower installation and maintenance cost. Nonetheless, the treatment utilized may be limited to a simpler process as semi- skilled or un-skilled personnel will be required to operate and maintain the system.
  • Diving in Borneo

    Diving in Borneo

    Discover Borneo EXPLORE NOW! SABAH • Kota Kinabalu • Labuan • Sandakan • Tawau SARAWAK • Kuching • Miri • Bintulu • Sibu BRUNEI BALIKPAPAN The name invokes curiosity and a vision of unexplored lush wilderness unknown to man. After 130 million The years of undisturbed sleep, Borneo is still one of the few remaining untouched territories on Earth, BorneoAdventure a wildlife mecca filled to the brim with magnificent flora and fauna. Beyond the vast greenery are world class beaches, waters clearer than crystal and a kaleidoscope of chromatic marine kingdom. The fiercely protected culture and heritage pave the way for the preservation of Borneo’s distinctive and diverse ancestry. At every turn, Borneo is where you’ll find life’s greatest adventure! LAND SIZE 743,300 km2 POPULATION 19,800,000 TIME ZONE UTC+8 (Brunei, Sarawak, Sabah, East & South Kalimantan) UTC+7 (West & Central Kalimantan) LANGUAGE Malay, Chinese, English, Indonesian, Iban, Bidayuh and other ethnic languages TELEPHONE CODE +60 (Malaysia) +673 (Brunei) +62 (Indonesia) RELIGION Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism All information in this guide is correct at press time and is subject to change without prior notice. CONTENTS PG 04 SABAH PG 24 BRUNEI PG 06 Kota Kinabalu PG 25 Brunei Events & Festivals PG 08 Labuan PG 09 Sandakan PG 26 PAMPERING IN BORNEO PG 10 Tawau PG 11 Sabah Events & Festivals PG 27 BALIKPAPAN PG 13 Diving in Borneo PG 14 SARAWAK PG 16 Kuching PG 18 Miri PG 20 Bintulu PG 21 Sibu PG 22 Sarawak Events & Carnival PG 23 Golfing in Borneo ©AirAsia Berhad 2013. All rights reserved. 3 Sabah The Land Below the Wind Home to the mighty Mount Kinabalu, Sabah is a beautiful eco-tourism destination for many who are seeking for thrills beyond the magnificent mountain.