Bulletin of the EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

. rssN t378.369ir

LEBffiffiRY Bulletin OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

uommtsstonArr

No 2 1984 Volum e 17 The Bulletin of the European communities reports on the activities of the commission and the other community institutions. lt is edited by the Secretariat-General of the Commission (rue de la Loi 200, 8-1049 Brussels) and published eleven times a year (one issue covers July and August) in the otficial Community languages Spanish and Portuguese'

Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.

The following reference system is used: the first digit indicates the part number, the second digit the chapter number and the subsequent digit or digits the point number. citations should therefore read as follows: Bull. EC 1-1979, point 1 .1 .3 or 2.2'36.

Suptements to the Bultetin are published in a separate senes at irregular intervals. They contain officiat Commission material (e.9. communications to the Council, Programmes, reports and prqosals). The Supple' ments do not aryear in Spnish and Portuguese.

Printed in Belgium Bulletin OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

ECSC_EEC-EAEC Commission of the European Communities Secretariat-General Brussels

No2 1984 Sent to press in April 1984 Volume 17 contents

PART ONE PET9Ii*'''

1. Draft Treaty establishing the European Union 7 2. Preparation for the Brussels European Council 28 3. lnformation technology Adoption of the first phase of the Esprit programme - 34 4. Future relations with Greenland 37 5. Commission programme 40

PART TWO fi,'IL'JILTRY 1e84 1. Building the Community 42 - Economic and monetary Policy 42 - lnternal market and industrial affairs 43 - lndustrial innovation and the information market 50 - Customs union 51 - Competition 52 - Financial institutions and taxation 58 - Employment, education and social policy 59 - Regional policy 62 - Environment and consumers 63 - Agriculture 65 - Fisheries 70 - Transport 72 - Energy 74 - Research and development 75 2. Enlargement and external relations 78 Enlargement and bilateral relations with applicant - countries 78 - Commercial policy 79 - Relations with industrialized countries 81 - Relations with other countries and regions 84 o Mediterranean countries 84 o Asia 85 o Latin America 85 - Development 85 - lnternational organizations and conferences 90 - Diplomatic relations 92 3. Financing Community activities 93 4. lnstitutional and political matters 94 - European political cooperation 94 - European policy and relations between the institutions 96 lnstitutions and organs of the Communities' 97 - o Parliament 97 o Council 't02 o Commission 103 o Court of Justice 105 o Economic and Social Committee 112 o European lnvestment Bank 115

PART THREE DOCU M ENTATION 1. ECU 120 2. Additional references in the Official Journal 121 3. lnfringement procedures 122 Publications of the European Communities Supplements 1 984

-1184 Unfair terms in contracts concluded with consumers

' l" p*p"r*- \

PART @[\[ E SPECIAL FEATURES

\ \ Standardized abbrevialions lor lhs designation ol cortain monetary units in the ditferent languages of the Community: ECU = European currenry unit BFR = Bolgische frank / Franc b€lg€ DKR = Dansk krone DM = Deutsche Mark DR : Greek drachma FF = Franc frangais HFL : Nederlandse gulden (Hollandse florijn) IRL = lrish pound / punt LFR = Franc luxembourgeois LIT : Lira italiana UKL = Pound sterling USD = United Siatss dollar 1 . Draft Treaty establishing the European Union

1.1.1. On 14 February Parliament appro- simply by the Member States. This would ved the draft Treaty establishing the Euro- mean that the matters currently dealt with pean Union, presented by its Committee on in European political cooperation could be Institutional Affairs, by 237 votes to 31 with associated more closely with the institutions 43 abstentions.l The accompanying resolu- of the Union than would have been the case tion was passed by 238 votes to 32 with 34 under the terms of the resolution. abstentions. Article 82, on ratification and implementa- This was the culmination of well over tivo tion, is undoubtedly one of the most contro- years' work,2 which had begun f,iith the' versial articles. Parliament has agreed that, setting-up of the Committee on Institutional once the Treaty has been ratified by a majority Affairs in July 1981.3 of the Member States representing two thirds of the population of the Com- President The of Parliament will now sub- munity, their governmenrs will meet at once mit the draft Treaty of Union to the national to decide on the procedures and date for governments parliaments. and The new Par- entry into force and on relations with the liament elected in June will take whatever Member States which have nor yet rarified. steps it thinks fit to take into account the Article 23(3), which, for a transitional expressed views by the national parlia- period of 10 years, sanctions unanimity vot- ments. ing within the Council of the Union in the The draft will be the mainspring of the event of a vital national interest being invo- forthcoming election campaign. ked by a Member Srate and recognized as such by the Commission, also caused con- There is Iittle difference in substance be- siderable dissent. tween the draft Treaty as finally adopted by Parliament and the original resolution4 Apart from these two major changes re- adopted in September 1,983.2 ferred tci above, the draft Treaty includes a number of other points that do not corre- However, two major changes have been spond entirely to the resolurion, notably: made. First, there is a new section contain- deletion of the clause 'The European Coun- ing general and final provisions, which were cil shall represent the identity of the Union' deliberately left out of the resolution. They (Article 737 of the resolution); deletion of lay down the procedures for entry into force the reference to framework laws, as all laws and revision of the Treaty and determina- are to be designed to leave as much leeway tion of the seat of the institutions, as well as possible for the authorities responsible as various technical provisions. for their implementation (Article 22 of rhe Second, important changes have been made resolution and Article 34(1) of the draft); to the section on international relations. elimination of the reference to 'potential The distinction made in the original resolu- competence' (Article 20 of the resolution) tion between economic external relations with the introduction of a procedure for on the one hand and diplomatic and politi- transferring new areas of competence to the cal relations on the other has been altered. Union; and tightening-up of the legislative Whereas the resolution places the former procedure of the Union ro eliminate loop- within the exclusive jurisdiction of the holes left in the preliminary draft (Article Union and provided for the latter to be dealt 130 of the resolution and Article 38 of the with by cooperation between the Member draft). States within the European Council, the draft Treaty introduces a more subtle dis- I OJ Cn, D.3.1984; for the views of the different political tinction, whereby matters dealt with by co- 2groups see point 2.4.12. operation could be delegated for purposes oJ c2n,17.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point t.l.l et seq. : Bull. EC7/8-1981, points 2.3.4 to 2.3.9. of implementation to the Commission and 4 Resolution conccrning the substance of the preliminary the Council rather than.being dealt with draft of the Trcaty estabhshing the European Union.

Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

The texts of Parliament's resolution on the rent degree of unity, is compatible with the draft Treaty, of the draft Treaty itself and guidelines it adopted in its resolution of 14 extracts from the speech by Mr Gaston September 1983: Thorn, President of-the Commission, are Approves the preliminary draft, which given below her-eby becomes the draft Treaty establishing the European Union, and instructs its President to submit it to the parliaments Resolution on the draft Treaty and governments of the Member States; establishing the European Union Calls on the European Parliament which will be elected on 17 June 1984 to arrange contacts and meetings with 1.1.2. The European Parliament, all appropriate the national parliaments and to take any Having regard to its decision of 9 July 1981 other useful initiatives to enable it to take settingup a Committee on Institutional Af- account of the opinions and comments of fairs,l the national parliaments; Having regard to its resolution of 5 July Hopes that the Treaty establishing the 1982 concerning the reform of the Treaties European Union will ultimately be appro- and the achieve-ment of European Union,2 ved by all the Member States in accordance Having regard to its resolution of 14 Sep- with their respective constitutional proced- tembei 1983 concerning the substance of ures. the preliminary draft Treaty establishing the European Union,3

Having regard to the report of the Commit- . Draft Treaty establishing the tee on Institutional Affairs, European Union Persuaded that, having regard to the present difficulties, there is an urgent and vital need Preamble for a revival of European integration; such a revival should include a further develop- With a view to continuing and reviving the ment of existing policies, the introduction democratic unification of Europe, of which of new policies and the establishment of a the European Communities, the European new institutional balance; Monetary System and European Political Recalling that European Union has been Cooperation represent the first achiev- designated as an objective by the Member ements, and convinced that it is increasinglv States in tlp Treaties establishing the Euro- important for Europe to assert its identity; oean Comlnunities. at the Coiference o[ Velcoming the positive results achieved so ih. H.rds df St"t. or Government of 20 far, but aware of the present need to redef- October 1972'and in the Solemn Declara- ine the objectives of European integration, tion of 19 June 1983, as well as by the and to confer on more efficient and more institutions of the Communities themselves; democratic institutions the means of attain- Conscious of its historic duty as the first ing them; Assembly directly elected by the citizens Basing their actions on their commitment of Europe, to put forward a proposal for to the principles of pluralist democracy, Union; respect for human rights and the rule of Noting that the preliminary draft Treaty law; establishing the European Union submitted by the Committee on Institutional Affairs, experience 30 which is based on the of I oJ c 234, 14.9.1981. years of Community activities and on the 2 oJ c 238, 13.9.1982. manifest need to progress beyond the cur- 3 oJ c 277, 17.10.1983.

8 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

Reaffirming their desire ro contribure to concluded in accordance with the procedure the construction of an international society laid down in Article 55 of this Triaty. based on cooperarion between peoples ani An accession between Stares, the peaceful sittlement of treaty which entails revison of this Treaty may disputes, sec.urity and the strengrhening not be concluded until the of procedure international organizations; revision laid down in Article 84 of this Treaty has been completed. Resolved to strengthen and preserve peace an_d liberty by an ever closLr union, and calling-on the other peoples of Europe who Citizenihip of the Union share their ideal to in their effoits; 16in 3. The citizens of the Member States shall Determined to increase solidarity between ipso facto be citizens of the Union. Citizen- the peoples of Europe, while respectine their ship of .the Ulion shall be dependent upon historical identity,-their dignify and-their citizenship of a Member State; it may not freedom within the framework of freely ac- be independenrly acquired or forfeited. Citi- cepted common institutions; zens of the Union ihall take part in rhe political Convinced of the need to enable local , life of the Union in the forms laid and down regional authorities ro parricipate by appro- .by this Treaty, enjoy the rights granred priate methods in the unification of'Euibpe; ro rhem by the legai iystem oithe Union and be subject to its laws. Desirous of attaining their common objectives progressively, accepting the requisite transitional periods and submittine ail fur- Fundamental rights ther development for the approvai-of their 4. 1. The Union shall protect the dignity peoples and States; of the individual and frant .r.ry p."rron Intending to entrust common institutions, coming within its jurisdiction the iunda- in accordance with the principle of subsidi- mental rights and freedoms derived in par- arity,.only with those poweis required to ticular from the common principles of rhe complete successfully the tasks they may Constitutions of the Member States and carry out more satisfactorily than the States from the European Convention for the pro- acting independently; tection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The High Contracting Parries, Member ltate-s of the European-Communities, have 2. The Union undertakes to maintain and decided to creare a European Union. develop, within the limits of irs comperen- c€s, the economic, social and cultural-rights derived from the Constitutions of the Mim- The Union ber States and from the European Social Charter. Creation of the Union 3- Within a period of five years, the Union shall take a decision 1. By this the High Contracting on its'accession to the -Treaty, international instruments referred Parties establish among themselves a Euro- to above pean Union. and to the United Nations Covenants on Civiland Political Rights and on Economic, Socialand CulturalRights. Within the same Accession of new members period, the Union shall adopt irs own decla- 2. Any democratic European State may ap- ration on fundamental rights in accordance ply to become a membef of the Union. The with the procedure for revision laid down procedures for.accession, together with any in Article 84 of this Treaty. adjustments which accession entails, shall 4. In the event of serious and persistent be the subject of a treaty between rhe Union violation of democratic principles or funda- and the applicant State- That treaty shall be mental rights by a Member Siate, penalties

Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union mav be imposed in accordance with the thev are not incompatible with this Treaty, prouitiont of Article 44 of this Treaty. until such time as ihey have been replaced bv acts or measures adopted by the institu- in acCordance with their Territory of the Union tibns of the Union respective comPetences. 5. The territory of the Union shall consist Union shall respect all the commit- of all the territories of the Member States 5. The ments the European Communities, in as specified by the Treaty establishing the of agreements or conventions Economic Community and by.the oarticular the European with 6ne or more non-member of accession, account being taken loncluded tr.rti.s with an international organiza- of obligations arising out of international States or law. tion. of the Union Legal personality of the Union Institutions 8. The fulfilment of the tasks conferred on Union shall have legal personality' 5. The the Union shall be the responsibility of its each of the Member States, the Union In institutions and its organs. The institutions enioy the most extensive legal capacity shall of the Union shall be: accorded'to legal persons under national leeislation. It mav, in particular, acquire or the European Parliament, diipose of mova'bie and immovable prop- the Council of the Union, erty and may be a party to legal -Unionproceedings. the Commission, relations, t-he shall In internatibnal the Court of Justice, legal capacity it requires.to per- enjoy the the European Council. forms its functions and attain its ob;ecttves'

The Community patrimonY The objectives, methods of action and competences of the Union 7. 1. The Union shall take over the Com- munity patrimony. Objectives 2. The provisions of the treaties establish- of the Union shall be: ins the E,rtopern Communities and of the 9. The objectives co"nventions and protocols relating thereto the attainment of a humane and harmoni- which concern their oblectives and scope ous development of society based princi- and which are not explicitly or implicity pally on endeavours to attain full employ- amended by this Treaty, shall constitute ment, the progressive elimination of the ex- part of the law of the Union. They may isting imbalances between its regio-ns, bnlv be amended in accordance with the protection and improvement in the quality protedure for revision laid down in Article bf the environment, scientific progress and 84 of this Treaty. the cultural development of its peoples, 3. The other provisions of the treaties, con- the economic.development of its peoples . ventions and- protocols referred to above with a free internal market and stable cur- shall also consiitute part of the law of the rency, equilibrium in external trade and Union, in so far as they are not incompatible constant economic growth, without discri- with ihis Treaty. They may onlY be mination between nationals or undertak- amended by the procedure for organic Iaws ings of the Members States by strengthening laid down in Article 38 of this Treaty. thE capacity of the States, their citizens,and their undertakings to act together to adiust 4. The acts of the European Communuties, organization and activities to econ- together with the measures adopted within their omic changes, thE context of the European Monetary Sys- tem and European Political Cooperation, the promotion in international relations of shall continue to be effective, in so far as. secuiity, peace, cooperation, d6tente, dis-

Bull. EC 2-1984 10 European Union armament and the free movement of per- Competences sons and ideas, together with the improv- 12. \Where this Treaty confers exclusive ement of international commercial and. l. competence monetary relations, on the Union, the institutions of the Union shall have sole power ro act; the harmonious and equitable development national authorities may only legislate to of all the peoples of the world to enable the extent laid down by the law of the them to escape from under-development Union. Until the Union has legislated, and hunger and exercise their full political, national legislation shall remain in force. economic and social rights. 2. !flhere this Treaty confers concurrent competence on the Union, the Member Sta- Methods of action tes shall continue to act so long as the Union 10. 1. To attain these objectives, rhe Union has not legislated. The Union shall only shall act either by common action or by act to carry out those tasks which may cooperation between the Member States; be undertaken more effectively in common the fields within which each method applies than by the Member States acting separat- shall be determined by this Treaty. ely, in particular those whose execution requires action by the Union because 2. Common action means all normative, their dimension or effects extend beyond national administrative, financial and judicial acts, frontiers. A law which internal or international, and the program- initiates or exrends common action in a field where action has mes and recommendations, issued by the not been taken hitherto Union itself, originating in its institutions by the Union or by the Communities must be adopted in and addressed to those institutions, or to accordance the procedure States, or to individuals. with for organic laws. 3. Cooperation means all the commitments which the Member States undertake within Implementation of the law of the Union the European Council. 13. The Union and the Member States shall The measures resulting from cooperation cooperate in good faith in the implementa- shall be implemented by the Member States tion of the law of the Union. Member States or by the institutions of the Union in accord- shall take all appropriate measures, whether ance with the procedures laid down by the general or particular, to ensure fulfilment European Council. of the obligations arising out of this Treaty or resulting from action taken by the institu- Transfer from cooperation tions of the Union. They shall facilitate to common action the achievement of the Union's tasks. They 11. 1. In the instances laid down in Articles shallabstain from any measure which could 54(1) and 68(2) of this Treaty, a marter jeopardize the attainment of the objectives subject to the method of cooperation be- of the Union. tween Member States may become the subject of common action. On a proposal from the Commission, or the Council of the lnstitutional provisions Union, or the Parliament, or one or more Member States, the European Council may The institutions of the Union decide, after consulting the Commission and with the agreement of the Parliament, The European Parliament to bring those matters within the exclusive 14. The European Parliament shall be ele- or concurrent competence of the Union. cted by direct universal suffrage in a free 2. In the fields subject to common a*ion, and secret vote by the citizens of the Union. common action may not be replaced by The term of each Parliament shall be five cooperation. years.

Bull. EC 2-1984 11 European Union

An organic law shall lay down a uniform Power to conduct inquiries electoral procedure; until such a law comes and right of petition into force, the procedure applicable shall be 18. The procedures for the exercise of the that for the election of the Parliament of power of the Parliament to conduct inquir- the European Communities. ies and of the right of citizens to address petitions to the Parliament shall be laid Members of Parliament down by organic laws. 15. The members of the Parliament shall Rules of procedure of the Parliament act and vote in an individual and personal capacity. They may not.be bound by any 19. The Parliament shall adopt its rules of lnstructlon nor recelve a binding mandate. procedure by an absolute maiority.

Functions of the Parliament The Council of the Union 20. The Council of the Union shall consist 15. The Parliament shall: of representations of the Members States participate, in accordance with this Treaty, appointed by their respective governments; in the iegislative and budgetary procedures each representation shall be led by a minis- and in thi conclusion of international agree- ter who is permanently and specifically re- ments, sponsible for Union affairs. enable the Commission to take office by approving its political programme, Functions of the Council of the Union exercise political supervision over the Com- 21. The Council shall: mlsston, participate, in accordance with this Treaty, have power to adopt by a qualified malority in the legislative and budgetary procedures a moiion of censure requiring the members and in the conclusion of international agree- of the Commission to resign as a body, ments, have the power to conduct inquiries and exercise the powers attributed to it in the receive petitions addressed to it by citizens field of international relations, and answer of the Union, written and oral questions tabled by members of the Parliament in this field, exercise the other powers attributed to it by this Treaty. exercise the other powers attributed to it by this Treaty.

Maiorities in the Parliament Weighting of votes in 17. 1,. The Parliament shall vote by a the Council of the Union simple majority, i.e. a majority of votes cast, 22. The votes of the representations shall abstentions not counted. be weighted in accordance with the provi- 2. Where expressly specified by this Treaty, sions of Article 1,48(2) o[ the Treaty estab- the Parliament shall vote: lishing the European Economic Com- munity. (a) either by an absolute majority, i.e. a majority of its members; In the event of the accession of new Member States, the weighting of their votes shall be (b) or by a qualified majority, i.e. a major- laid down in the treaty of accission. ity of its members and of two-thirds of votes cast, abstentions not counted. On the second reading of the budget, the qualified Majorities in the Council of the Union majority required shall be a majority of the 23. 1. The Council shall vote by a simple members of Parliament and three-fifths of maiority, i.e. a majority of the weighted votes cast, abstentions not counted. votes cast, abstentions not counted.

t2 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

7,. Where expressly specified by this Treaty, shall remain in office until the investiture the Council shall vote: of a new Commission. (a) either by an absolute majority, i.e. by a majority of the weighted votes casr, absten- Membership of the Commission tions not counted, comprising at least half of the representations; 26. The structure and operation of the Commission and the Statute of its members (b) or by a qualified majority, i.e. by a shall be determined by an organic law. Until malority of two-thirds of the weighted votes such a law comes into florce, the rules gover- cast, abstentions not counted, comprising ning the structure and operation of the a majority of the represenrarions. On the Commission of the European Communities second reading of the budget, the qualified and the Statute of its members shall apply majority required shall be a majority of to the Commission of the Union. three-fifths of the weighted vores casr, abstentions not counted, comprising a majority of the representations; Rules of procedure of the Commission (c) or by unanimity of representations, ab- 27. The Commission shall adopt its rules stentions not counted. of procedure. 3. During a transitional period of 10 years, where a representation invokes a vital Functions of the Commission national interest which is jeopardized by the decision to be taken and recognized as 28. The Commission shall: such by the Commission, the vote shall be define the guidelines for action by the Union postponed so that the matter may be rein the programme which it submits to rhe examined. The grounds for requesring a Parliament for its approval, postponement shall be published. introduce the measures required to initiate that action, Rules of procedure of have the right to propose draft laws and the Council of the Union participate in the legislarive procedure, 24. The Council shall adopt its rules of issue the regulations needed to implement procedure by an absolute majority. These the laws and take the requisite implement- rules shall lay down that meetings in which ing decisions, the Council is acting as a legislarive or submit the draft budger, budgetary authority shall be open ro rhe public. implement the budget, represent the Union in external relations in The Commission the instances laid down by this Treary, ensure that this Treaty and the laws of the 25. The Commission shall take office Union are applied, and within a period of six months following the election of the Parliament. exercise the other powers attributed to it by this Treaty. At the beginning of each parliamentary term, the European Council shall designate Responsibility of the Commission the President of the Commission. The Presi- to the Parliament dent shall constitute the Commission afrer consulting the European Council. 29. l. The Commission shall be respon- The Commission shall submit its prog- sible to the Parliament. ramme to the Parliamenr. It shall take office 2. It shall answer written and oral ques- after its investiture by the Parliament. It tions tabled by members of the Parliament.

Bull. EC 2-1984 t3 European Union

3. The members of the Commission shall Functions of the European Council resign as a body in the event of Parliament's 32. 1,. The European Council shall: adopting a motion of censure by a qualified majbrity. The vote on a motion of censure formulate recommendations and undertake shall be by public ballot and not be held commitments in the field of cooperation, until at leastihree days after the motion has take decisions in the cases laid down by this been tabled. Treaty and in accordance with the provi- 4. On the adoption of a motion of censure sions of Article 11 thereof on the extension a new Commiision shall be constituted in of the competences of the Union, accordance with the procedure laid down designate the President of the Commiision, in Article 25 of. this Treaty. Pending the to the other insti- investiture of the new Commission, the address communications tutions of the Union, Commission which has been censured shall be responsible for day-to-day business. periodically inform the Parliament of the ictivities of the Union in the fields in which it is competent to act, The Court of Justice answer written and oral questions tabled by 30. 1. The Court of Justice shall ensure the members of the Parliament, that in the interpretation and application of powers attributed to it by this Treaty, and of any act adopted pursu- exercise the other Treaty. ant thereto, the law is observed. this 2. The European Council shall determine 2. Half. the members of the Court shall be its own decision-making procedures. appointed by the Parliament and half by the 'Where Council of the Union. there is an odd number of members, the Parliament Organs of the Union shall appoint one more than theCouncil. 33. 1. The Union shall have the following 3. The orsanization of the Court, the num- organs: ber and St"tut. of its members and the the Court of Auditors, duration of their term of office shall be governed by an organic law which shall the Economic and Social Committee, ilso lay down the procedure and maiorities the European Investment Bank, Until such requirid for their ippointment. the European Monetary Fund. a law comes into force, the relevant provisions laid down in the Community Treaties Organic laws shall lay down the rules goJer- and their implementing measures shall ap- ning the competences and powers of these and mem- ply to the Court of Justice of the Union. organs, their organization their bership. 4. The Court shall adopt its rules of procedure. 2. Half the members of the Court of Audi- tors shall be appointed by the Parliament and half by the Council of the Union. The European Council 3. The Economic and Social Committee 31. The European Council shall consist of shall be an organ which advises the Com- the Heads of-State or Government of the mission, the Parliament, the Council of the Member States of the Union and the Presi- Union and the European Council; it may dent of the Commission who shall partici- address to them opinions drawn up on its pate in the work of the European Council own initiative. The Committee shallbe con- except for the debate on the designation of sulted on every proposal which has a deter- his successor and the drafting of communi- mining influence on the drawing up and cations and recommendations to the Com- implementation of economic policy and po- mission. licy for society. The Committee shall adopt

t4 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

its rules of procedure. The membership of plication of all the provisions of the law to the Committee shall ensure adequate r.pr.- all its addressees. sentation of the various categories of eionomic and social activity. Legislative authority 4-. The European Monetary Fund shall have 35. The Parliament and the the autonomy required to guarantee monet- Council of the ary stability. Union shall jointly exercise legislative a.uthority with the acive participition of 5. Each of the organs referred to above the Commission. shall be governed by the provisions applicable to the corresponding Community or- Right to propose draft laws gans at the moment when this Treaty enters and amendments thereto into force. 37. 1,. The Commission shall have the right The Union may create other organs neces- to propose draft laws. may withdraw a sary for its operation by meani It of an or- draft law it has ganic law. submitted at iny time until the Parliament or rhe Council oi the Union have expressly adopted it on first reading. Acts of the Union 2. On a reasoned requesr from the Parlia- ment or the Council, the Commission shall Definition of laws submit a draft law conforming to such request. If the Commission declines to do 34. 1. Laws shall lay down the rules gover- so, the Parliament or the Council may. in ning common acion. As far as poisible, accordance with procedures laid down in they-shaJl resrric_r themselves to derermining their rules of procedure, inrroduce a draft the fundamenral principles governing com- law conforming to their original request. mon action and entrust the responsi6le au- The Commission musr express its opinion thorities in the Union or rhe Member Srares on the drafr. with setting out in detail the procedures for their implementation. 3. Under the condirions laid down in Arri- cle 38 of this Treaty: 2. The organization ind operation of the institutions and other matters expressly the Commission may pur forward amendments provided for in this Treaty shall be governed to any draft law. Such amendments by organic laws adopted in accordance with must be put to the vote as a matter of the specific proceduies laid down in Article priority, 38 of this Treaty. members of the Parliament and national 3. Budgetary laws shall be adopted pursu- reprbsentations within the Council may similarly ant to the provisions of Article Zg of this put forward amendments durin[ the Treaty. debates within their respective institutions.

Differentiated application of laws Voting procedure for draft laws 38. 1. AII draft laws shall be submitted to 15, A law may subject to time-limirs, or link to transitional measures which the Parliament. Within a period of six mon- may ths, may approve vary according to the addressee, the imple- it the draft with or without amendment. mentation of its provisions where uniform In the case of draft organic laws the Parliament amend application thereof would encounrer sDec- may them by an absolute majority; their appro- ific difficulties caused bv the Darric;lar - - val shall require qualified situation of some of its addressees. How- a majority. ever, such time-limits and measures must !ilhere the majority required for approval be designed to facilitate the subsequenr ap- qf the draft is not secured, the Commission

Bull. EC 2-1984 15 European Union shall have the right to amend it and to which shall, within a period of three mon- submit it to the Parliament again. ths, take a decision by an absolute maiority or, in the case of organic laws, by a qualified 2. The draft law, approved by the Pa1l1a- maiority. Only amindments tabled by the shall be ment with or withouf amendment, Commission shall be admissible. Within a forwarded to the Codncil of the Union. period of three months, the Council may one month following Within a period of ieject by a qualified maiority the text ad.op- the Commis- aooroval 6v the Parliament, ted by the Pirliament. No amendments shall which shall riJn tnry ieliver an opinion then be admissible. also be forwarded to the Council. 5. rVithout prejudice to Article 23(3) of this 3. The Council shall take a decision within Treatv. wheie the Parliament or the Council a period of six months. \Where it approves fails tt'submit the draft to a vote within the thl draft by an absolute majority without time-limits laid down, the draft shall be amending ii, or where it reiects it unanim- deemed to have been adopted by the institu- ously, the legislative procedure is termin- tion which has not taken a decision. How- ated. ever, a law may not be regarded as having Where the Commission has expressly deliv- been adopted unless it has been expressly ered an unfavourable opinion on the draft, approved-either by the Parliament or by the or in the case of a draft organic law, the Council. Council shall by a qualified maiority ap- 5. \Where a particular situation so requires, Drove the draft without amending it or re- the Parliamint and the Council may, by ject it, in which cases the legislative proce- common accord, extend the time-limits laid dure is terminated. down in this Article. Where the draft has been put to the vote but has not secured the maiorities referred Publication of laws to above, or where the draft has been prejudice Article 76$) of amended-by a simple maiority or, in .the 39. Without to case of organic laws, by an absolute.major- this Treaty, the President of the arm of the itv. the conciliation procedure laid down in legislative-authority which has taken the p"irgtrph 4 below shall be oPened. lait express decision shall establish that the lesislafive ^causeprocedure has been completed 4. In the cases provided for in the final shall laws to be published above, the subparagraph of paragraph-] without",id delay in the Official Journal of the Concilialion Committee shall be convened. Union. The Committee shall consist of a delegation from the Council of the Union and a delegation from the Parliament. The Commission Power to issue regulations of the Com- shall participate in the work 40. The Commission shall determine the mittee. regulations and decisions required for the Where, within a period of three months, the i#olementation of laws in aciordance with Committee reaches agreement on a ioint the procedures laid down by those laws. text, that text shall be submitted for appro- Regulations shall be published in the Offi- val to the Parliament and the Council; they ciaiJournal of the Unlon; decisions shall be shall take a decision by an absolute majority notified to the addressees. The Parliament or, in the case of organic laws, by a qualified and the Council of the Union shall be imme- majority within a period of three months. diately informed thereof. No amendments shall be admissible. Where, within the period referred to above Hearing of persons affected the Committee fails to reach agreement' the text forwarded by the Council shall be 41. Before adopting any measure, the insti- submitted for approval to the Parliament tutions of the Union shall, wherever pos-

16 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union sible and useful, hear the persons thereby Sanctions affected. Laws of the Union shall lav down the procedures for such hearings. n. F the case provided for in Article ae) of this Treaty, ind in every other .rr.'oi serious and violation by a Mem- The law of -persistent the Union ber State 9{ the- provisions of the Treaty, established by the Court 42. The law of the Union shall be directly of Justice ar rhe request of the Parliament applicable in the Member States. shail or rhe Commis- It sion, the European take precedence over national law. Vithout Council may, after hearing the Member State concerned prejudice to the powers conferred on the and with the approval of the Parliament, Commission, the implementation of the take meas- law ures: shall be the responsibility of the authorities of the Member States. An organic law shall suspending the rights deriving from the ap- lay down the procedures in aicordance with plication of part or rhe whole of the Trea-ty which the Commission shall ensure the im- provisions to the State in question and its plementation of the law. National courts nationals. without prejudicl to the rights shall apply the law of the Union. acquired by the lamer, which Tay go as far as suspending participation Judicial review by the State in quesrion in t-hi Euro- pean Council, the Council of the Union 43. The Community rules governing judi- and any other organ in which that State is cial.review shall apply to rhe Union. They represented as such. shall be supplemented by an organic law on The State question the basis of the following principles: in shall not parricipate in the vote on the sanctions. extension of the right of acrion of individuals- against acts of the Union adversely affecting them, The policies of the Union equal right of appeal and equal treatmenr for all the institutions before the Court of General provisions Justice, 45. 1,. Starting from the Communiry patri- ju-risdiction of the Court for the prorecion mony, the Union shall continue the actions of fundamental rights uis-d-uis th-e Union, already undertaken and undertake new actions in compliance with this Treaty and, jurisdiction of the Courr to annul an act of in particular, with Article 9 thereof. the Union within the contexr of an applica- t!9n f.or a preliminary ruling or of a fiea of 2. The structural and conjunctural policies illegality, of the Union shall be drawn up and implemented so as to promote, together with creation of a right of appeal ro rhe Courr balanced expansion throughoui the Union, against the decisions of national courts of the progressive elimination of the existing last instance where reference to the Court imbalances betweens its various areas and for a preliminary ruling is refused or where regions. a preliminary ruling of the Court has been disregarded, Homogeneous iudicial area jurisdiction of the Court ro impose 46. ln addition to the fields sanctions on a Member State failing to fulfil subjecr ro common action, its obligation under the law of the Union, the coordination of national law with a view to constituting a homogen- compulsory jurisdiction of the Courr ro rule eous judicial area shall be carried oui in on any dispute between Member States in accordance with the method of cooperation. connection with the objectives of the Union. This shall be done in particular:

Bull. EC 2-1984 t7 European Union to take measures designed to reinforce the the need to establish a system for the autho- feeling of individual citizens that they are rization of concentrations of undertakings citizens of the Union, based on the criteria laid down by Article of the Treaty establishing the European to fight international forms of crime, in- 56 Coal and Steel Community, cluding terrorism. the need to restructure and strengthen the The Commission and the Parliament may industry of the Union in the light of the submit appropriate recommendations to the profound disturbances which may be caus- European Council. ed by international competition, the need to prohibit any form of discrimination between private and public undertak- Economic policy lngs.

Internal market and freedom of movement Approximation of the laws 47. 7. The Union shall have exclusive com- relating to undertakings and taxation petence to complete, safeguard and develop 49. The Union shall take measures designed free movement persons, services, the of to approximate the laws, regulations and goods capital within its territory; it and administrative provisions relating to under- have exclusive competence for trade ihall takings, and in particular to companies, in between Member States. so far as such provisions have a direct effect 2. This liberalization process shall take on a common action of the Union. A law place on the basis of detailed and binding shall lay down a Statute for European Un- programmes and timetables laid down by dertakings. ihe legislative authority in accordance with In so far as necessary for economic integra- the procedures for adopting laws. The tion within the Union, a law shall effect Commission shall adopt the implementing the approximation of the laws relating to procedures for those programmes. taxation. 3. Through those programmes, the Union must attain: Coniunctural policy within a period of two years following the 50. 1. The Union shall have concurrent entry intb force of this Treaty, the free competence in respect of conjunctural pol- movement of persons and goods; this im- icy, with a particular view to facilitating the plies in particular the abolition of personal coordination of economic policies within checks at internal frontiers, the Union. within a period of five years following the 2. The Commission shall define the guide- entry into force of this Treaty, the free lines and objectives to which the action of movement of services, including banking the Member States shall be subject on the and all forms of insurance, basis of the principles and within the limits within a period of 10 years following the laid down by laws. entry into force of this Treaty, the free 3. Laws shall lay down the conditions movement of capital. under which the Commission shall ensure that the measures taken by the Member Competition States conform with the objectives it has defined. Laws shall authorize the Commis- 48. The Union shall have exclusive com- sion to make the monetary, budgetary or petence to complete and develop competi- financial aid of the Union conditional on tion policy at the level of the Union, bearing compliance with the measures taken under in mind: paragraph 2 above.

18 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

4. Laws shall lay down the conditions the Parliament and the Council of the Union under which the Commission, in con- for fresh consideration. junction with the Member States, shall utilize the budgetary or financial mechanisms Sectoral policies of the Union for conjunctural ends. 53. In order to meet the particular needs Credit policy for the organization, development or coordination of specific sectors of economic acti- 51. The Union shall exercise concurrent vity, the Union shall have concurrent com- competence as regards European monetary petence with the Member States to pursue and credit policies, with the particular ob- sectoral policies at the level of the Union. jective of coordinating the use of capital In the fields referred to below, such policies market resources by the creation of a Euro- shall, by the establishment of reliable frame- pean capital market committee and the esta- work conditions, in particular pursue the blishment of a European bank supervisory aim of facilitating the decisions which authority. undertakings subject to comperirion musr take concerning investment and innovation. European Monetary System The sectors concerned are in particular: 52. 1. All the Member States shall partici- agriculture and fisheries, pate in the European Monetary Sysrem, transport, subject to the principle set out in Article 35 telecommunications, of this Treaty. research and development, 2. The Union shall have concurrent com- industry, petence for the progressive achievement of energy. full monetary union. (a) In the fields of agriculture and fisheries, 3. ln organic law shall lay down rules gov- the Union shall pursue a policy designed to ernlng: attain the objectives laid down in Article the Statute and the operation of the Euro- 39 of the Treaty establishing the European pean Monetary Fund in accordance with Economic Community. 33 Article of this Treaty, (b) In the field of transport, the Union shall the conditions for the effective transfer to pursue a policy designed to contribute to the European Monetary Fund of part of the the economic integration of the Member reserves of the Member States, States. It shall, in particular, underrake the conditions for the progressive conver- common actions to put an end to all forms sion of the ECU into a reserve currency and of discrimination, harmonize the basic a means of payment, and its wider use, terms of competition between the various modes of transport, eliminate obstacles to the procedures and the stages for attaining transfrontier traffic and develop the ca- monetary union, pacity of transport routes so as to create a the duties and obligations of the central transport network commensurate with banks in the determination of their obfecti- European needs. ves regarding money supply. (c) In the field of telecommunications, the 4. During the five years following the entry Union shall take common action to estab- into force of this Treaty, by derogation lish a telecommunications network with from Articles 35, 38 and 39 thereof, the common standards and harmonize tariffs; European Council may suspend the entry it shall exercise competence in particular into force of the organic laws referred to with regard to the high technology sectors, above within a period of one month follow- research and development activities and ing their adoption and refer them back to public procurement policy.

Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

(d) In the field of research and develop- Policy for society ment, the Union may draw uP common strategies with a view to coordinating and General provisions guiding national activities and encouraging ioooeration between the Member States 55. The Union shall have concurrent com- b.t*..n research institutes. It may pro- petence in the field of social, health, con- vide"nd financial support for joint tesearch, sumer protection, regional, environmen-tal, may take responsiHlity for some of the risks education and research, cultural and infor- involved ,nd ."y undertake research in its mation policies. own establishments. (e) In the field of industry, the Union may Social and health policy with a view draw up development strategies 55. The Union may take action in the field coordinating the policies to suiding and of social and health policy, in particular in States those industrial of i'he Member in matters relating to: branches which are of particular signifi- cance to the economic and political security employment, and in particular the establish- of the Union. The Commission shall be ment of general comparable conditions for responsible for taking the requisite imple- the maintenance and creation of jobs, menting measures. It shall submit to the the law on labour and working conditions, Parliarnent and the Council of the Union a men and women, periodic report on industrial policy prob- equality between lems. vocational training and further training, (0 In the field of energy, action by the social security and welfare, Union shall be designed to ensure security protection against occupational accidents of supplies, stability on the market of the and diseases, the extent that prices are Union-and, to work hygiene, regulated, a harmonized pricing policy compatible with fair competive practices. It trade union rights and collective negotia- shall also be designed to encourage the dev- tions between employers and employees, in elopment of alternative and renewable en- particular with a view to the conclusion of ersv sources. to tntroduce common techni- Union-wide collective agreement, caT standardi for efficiency, safety, the pro- forms of worker participation in decisions tection of the environment and of the affecting their working life and the organiz- population, and to encoura-ge the exploita- ation of undertakings, iion of European sources of energy. the determination of the extent to which . citizens of non-member States may benefit from equal treatment, Other forms of cooperation the approximation of the rules governing proper- 54. 1. ltrflhere Member States have taken research into and the manufacture, marketing of pharmaceutical prod- the initiative to establish industrial coopera- ties and tion structures outside the scope of this ucts, Treaty, the European Council may, if the the prevention of addiction, common interest justifies it, decide to con- the coordination of mutual aid in the event vert those forms of cooperation into a com- of epidemics or disasters. mon action of the Union.

2. In specific sectors subject to common Consumer policy action, laws may establish specialized Euro- pean agencies and define those forms of 57. The Union may lay down rules designed supervision applicable thereto. to protect the health and safety of consum-

20 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

ers and their economic interests, particu- The Union shall take measures designed to larly in the event of damage. The Union provide for animal protection. may encourage action to promote consumer education, information and consultation. Education and research policy Regional policy 50. In order to create a contexr which will help inculcate in the public an awareness of 58. The regional policy of the Union shall the Union's own identity and to ensure a aim at reducing regional disparities and, in minimum standard of training creating the particular, the under-development of the opportunity for free choice of career, job least-favoured regions, by injecing new life or training establishment anywhere in the into those regions so as ensure their to Union, the Union shall take measures con- subsequent devblopment and by helping to cerning: create the conditions likely ro pur in end to the excessive concentration of migration the definition of objectives for common or towards certain industrial centres. comparable training programmes, The regional policy of the Union shall, in the Union-wide validity and equivalence of addition, encourage transfrontier regional diplomas and school, study ind training cooperation. periods,

The regional policy of the Union shall com- the promotion of scientific research. pnse: the development of a European framework Cultural policy for the regional planning policies pursu.ed by the competent authorities in each Mem- 61. 1. The Union may take measures to: ber State, promote cultural and linguistic understand- the promotion of investment and infrastruc- ing between the citizens of the Union, ture projects which bring national programmes into the framework of an overall con- publicize the cultural life of the Union both cept, at home and abroad, the implementation of integrated program- establish youth exchange programmes. mes of the Union on behalf of certain re- 2. The European University Institute and gions, drawn up in collaborarion with the the European Foundation shall become es- representatives of the people concerned, tablishments of the Union. and, where possible, the direct allocation of the requisite funds to the regions concerned. 3. Laws shall lay down rules governing the approximation of the law of copyrighr and the free movemenr of cultural worki. Environmental policy

59. In the field of the environmenr, the Information policy Union shall aim at preventing or, taking account as far as possible of the 'polluter 62. The Union shall encourage rhe exch- pays' principle, at redressing any damage ange of information and accesi to informa- which is beyond the capabilities of the tion for its citizens. To this end, it shall individual Member States or which requires eliminate obstacles to the free movement of a collective solution. It shall encourige a information, whilst ensuring the broadest policy of the rational utilization of narural possible competirion and diversity of types resources, of exploiting renewable raw mat- of organization in this field. It shall encour- erials and of recycling waste which takes age cooperation between radio and tele- account of environmental protection requir- vision companiei for the purpose of produc- ements. ing Union-wide programmes.

Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union lnternational relations of the Union Conduct of common action 65. l. In the exercise of its competences, Principles and methods of action the Union shall be represented by the Com- with non-member 1. The Union shall direct its efforts in inter- mission in its relations organizations. In national relations towards the achievement States and international particular, Commission shall negotiate of peace through the peaceful settlement of the on behalf of the conflicts and towards security, the deter- international agreements be responsible for liaison rence of aggression, d6tente, the mutual bal- Union. It shalf organizations and anced and verifiable reduction of military with all international- the Council of Europe, forces and armaments, respect for human shall cooperate with sector. rights, the raising of living standards in the in particular in the cultural Third !florld, the expansion and improv- 2. The Council of the Union may issue the ement of international economic and mon- Commission with guidelines for the conduct etary relations in general and trade in par- of international aition; it must issue such ticular and the strengthening of interna- guidelines, after approving them by an ab- tional organization. iolute majority, where the Commission is and negotiating 2. In the international sphere, the Union involved in drafting acts which will create international shall endeavour to attain the objectives set agreements out in Article 9 of this Treaty. It shall act obligations for the Union. either by common action or by cooperation. 3. The Parliament shall be informed, in good time and in accordance with appropri- ite procedures, of every action of the insti- Common action tutions competent in the field of international policy. 64. 1. In its international relations, the Union shall act by common action in the 4. The Parliament and the Council of the fields referred to in this Treaty where it has Union, both acting by an absolute maiority, exclusive or concurrent competence. shall approve international agreements and instruct the President of the Commission to 2. In the field of commercial policy, the deposit the instruments of ratification. Union shall have exclusive competence. 3. The Union shall pursue a development aid policy. During a transitional period of Cooperation prog- 10 years, this policy as a whole shall 55. The Union shall conduct its interna- common ressively become the subiect of tional relations by the method of coopera- In so far as the Member action by the Union. tion where Article 54 of this Treaty is not continue to pursue independent prog- States applicable and where they involve: rammes, the Union shall define the framework within which it will ensure the coordi- matters directly concerning the interests of nation of such programmes with its own several Member States of the Union, policy, whilst observing current interna- fields in which the Member States acting tional commitments. or individually cannot act as efficiently as the 4. Where certain external policies fall Union, exclusive competence of the within the or fields where a policy of the Union appe- European Communities pursuant to the necessary to supplement the foreign pol- them, but where that ars Treaties establishing icies pursued on the responsibility of the competence has not been fully exercised, a Member States, law ihall down the procedures required for it to be fully exercised within a period which or matters relating to the political and econ- may not exceed five years. omic aspects of security.

22 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

Conduct of cooperation derogate from some of the measures taken within the context of common action. 67. ln the fields referred to in Article 55 of this Treaty: 3. By way of derogation from Article 11(2) of this Treaty, the European Council may 1. The European Council shall be respon- decide to restore the fields transferred to sible for cooperation; the Council of the common action in accordance with para- Union shall be responsible for its conductl graph 2 above, either to cooperation or to the Commission may propose policies and the competence of the Member States. actions which shall be^imflemented, at the Under the conditions laid para- request of the European Council the 4. down in or graph Council of the Union, either by the Com- 2 above, the European Council may decide to transfer a problem mission or by the Member States. specific to common action for the period required for its 2. The Union shall ensure that the inter- solution. In that event, paragraph 3 above national policy guidelines of the Member shall not apply. States are consistent. 3. The Union shallcoordinate the positions Right of representation abroad of the Member States during the negotiation 69. 7. The Commission may, with the ap- of international agreements and within the proval of the Council of the Union, establish framework of international organizations. representations in non-member States and 4. In an emergency, where immediate ac- international organizations. tion is necessary, a Member State particu- 2. Such representations shall be responsible larly concerned may act individually after for representing the Union in all matters informing the European Council and the subject to common action. They may also, Commission. in collaboration with the diplomatic agent presi- 5. The European Council may call on its of the Member States holding the President, on the President of the Council dency of the European Council, coordinate the diplomatic activity of the States of the Union or on the Commission to acr Member as spokesman of the Union. in the fields subject to cooperation. 3. In non-member States and international organizations where there is no representa- Extension of the field of cooperation tion of the Union, it shall be represented by and transfer from cooperation to the diplomatic agent of the Member State common action currently holding the presidency of the 68. 1. The European Council may extend European Council or else by the diplomatic the field of cooperation, in particular as agent of another Member State. regards armaments, sales of arms to non- member States, defence policy and disarmament. The finances of the Union

2. Under the conditions laid down in Arti- General provisions cle 11 of this Treaty, the European Council may decide to transfer a particular field of 70. 1. The Union shall have irs own finan- cooperation to common action in external ces, administered by its institurions, on rhe policy. In that event the provisions laid basis of the budget adopted by the budget- down in Article 23(3) of this Treaty shall ary authority which shall consist of the apply without any time-limit. Beaqing in European Parliament and the Council of the mind the principle laid down in Article 35 Union. of this Treaty, the Council of the Union, 2. The revenue of the Union shall be utili- acting unanimously, may exceptionally zed to guarantee the implementation of authorize one or more'Member States to common actions undertaken by the Union.

Bull. EC 2-1984 23 European Union

Anv imolementation bv the Union o[ a new economic imbalances between the regions. action that the allocation to the An organic law shall lay down the procedu- Union of"rru..t the financial means required shall res for the application of this system. be sublect to the procedure laid down in Article 7l(2) of this Treaty. Financial programmes 74. 1. At the beginning of each parliamen- Revenue tary term, the Commission, after receiving its investiture, shall submit to the European 71. When this Treaty enters into force, l. the Council of the Union a the Union shall be of the Parliament and the revenue of report on the division between the Union same kind as that of the European Com- and the Member States of the responsibili- munities. However, the Union shall receive ties for implementing common actions and a fixed percentage of the basis for assessing the financial burdens resulting therefrom. value added tar established by the budget within the framework of the programme set 2. On a proposal from the Commission, a out in Article 74 of this Treaty. multiannual Tinancial programme, adopted the procedure for adopting may, by an organic law, according to 2. The Union Iaws, shall lay down the projected develop- or the basis of assessment amend the nature ment in the revenue and expenditure of of existing sources of revenue or create new the Union. These forecasts shall be revised may by a law authorize the Com- ones. It annually and be used as the basis for the mission to issue loans, without preiudice to preparation of the budget. Article 75(2) of this Treaty. 3. In principle, the authorities of the Mem- Budget collect the revenue of the ber Sfates shall 75. 1. The budget shall lay down and auth- be paid to the Union. Such revenue shall orize all the revenue and expenditure of the has been collected. Union as soon as it Union in respect of each calendar year. The down the implementing A law shall lay adopted budget must be in balance. Supple- procedures this paragraph and may set for mentary and amending budgets shall be revenue-collecting au- up the Union's own adopted under the same conditions as the thorities. general budget. The revenue of the Union Jhall not be earmarked for specific pur- Expenditure Poses. 72. 7. The expenditure of the Union shall 2. The budget shall lay down the maximum be determined annually on the basis of an amounts for borrowing and lending during assessment of the cost of each common the financial year. Save in exceptional cases action within the framework of the financial expressly laid down in the budget, bor- programme set out in Article 74 of this rowed funds may only be used to finance Treaty. investment. 2. At least once a year, the Commission 3. Appropriations shall be entered in spec- shall submit a report to the budgetary ific chiptErs grouping expenditure accord- authority on the effectiveness of the actions ing to its nature or destination and subdiv- undertaken, account being taken of their ided in compliance with the provisions of cost. the Financial Regulation. The expenditure of the institutions other than the Commis- expenditure by the Union shall be 3. All sion shall be the subject of separate sections budgetary procedure. subject to the same of the budget; they shall be drawn up and managed by those institutions and may only Financial equalization include operating expenditure. 73. A system of financial equalization shall 4. The Financial Regulation of the Union be introduced in order to alleviate excessive shall be established by an organic law.

24 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

Budgetary procedure the Parliament shall declare that the budger "b. stands adopted and shall cause to 76. l. The Commission shall prepare it rhe published without delay the Official draft budget and forward in it to thi budgetary of the Union. authority. Journal 2. Within the time-limits laid down by the Provisional twelfths Financial Regulation: 77. Ylhere (a) ,of the budget has not been adopted on first reading, rhe Council the by the beginning of the financial yeari e*- Union may approve amendments by a penditure- may be effected on a monthly simple majority. The draft budget, with or basis, under the conditions laid down in without the amendmenr, shall be folwarded to Financial Regulation, up to a maximum of the Parliament; one-twelfth of the appropriations entered (b) o! .first reading, rhe Parliament may in the budget of the preceding financial amend by an absolute majority the amendl year, account being taken of any supplements of the Council and approve orher mentary and amending budgets. amendments by a simple majority; At the end of the sixth monrh following the (c) if, within a period of fifteen days, the beginning of the financial year, the eom- Commission opposes the amendments ap- mission may only effect expenditure to en- proved by the Council or by rhe Parliament able the Union to comply with its existing on first reading, the relevant armn of the obligations. budgetary authority must take a fresh decision by a qualified majority on second Implementation of the budget reading; 78. The budget shall (d) be implemented by if the budget has not been amended, or the Commission on its own responsibility the amendments if adopted by the Parlia- under the conditions laid down 6y the Fin- ment and the Council ire identical, and if ancial Regulation. the Commission has nor exercised its right to opposethe amendments, the budget sh-all Audit of the accounts be deemed to have been finally adopted; (e) on- second reading, the Council may 79. The Court of Auditors shall verify the amend by a qualified majority the amend- implementation of the budget. It shall fulfil ments app-roved by the Parliament. It may its task independently and, to this end, en- by a qualified majority refer the whole draft joy powers of investigation with regard to budget as amended by the Parliament back the institutions and organs of the Union to the Commission and request it to submit and to the national authorities concerned. q nqw draft; where not so referred back, rhe draft budget shall at all events be forwarded Revenue and expenditure account to the Parliament; 80. At the end of the financial year, rhe (f) on second reading, the Parliamenr may Commission shall submir ro rhe budgetary reject amendmenrs adopted by the Council authority, in the form laid down by the only by a qualified majority. It shall adopt Financial Regulation, the revenue and ex- the budget by an absolute majority penditure accounr which shall set out all 3. Where one of the arms of the budgetary the operations of the financial year and be authority has not taken a decision within accompanied by the reporr of the Court of the time-limit laid down by the Financial Auditors. Regulation, ir shall be deemed to have adopted the draft referred to it. Discharge 4. Vhen the procedure laid down in this 81. The Parliament shall decide ro grand, Article has been completed, the President of postpone or refuse a discharge; the decision

Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union on the discharge may be accompanied- by the seat within two years of the entry into observations w-hich the Commission shall force of this Treaty, the legislative authority be obliged to take into account. shall take a final decision in accordance with the procedure applicable to organic laws. Genera! and fina! provisions Reservations Entry into force 85. The provisions of this Treaty may not be subject to any reservations. This Article be open for ratifica- 82. This Treaty shall does not preclude the Member States from Euro- tion by all the Member States of the maintaining, in relation to the Union, the pean Communities. declarations they have made with regard to Once this Treaty has been ratified by a the Treaties and conventions which form majority of the Member States of the Com- part of the Community patrimony. munities whose population represents two- thirds of the total population of the Com- Duration munities, the governments of the Member unli- States which have ratified shall meet at once 87. This Treaty is concluded for an to decide by common accord on the proced- mited period. ures by and the date on which this Treaty During the debate Mr Gaston Thorn, Presi- shall enter into force. dent oT the Commission, had this to say:l 1.1.3. '... Admittedly, Mr President, support for Deposit of the instruments of ratification your political ventuie, identification with your idealr, does not mean that we can give our unquali- 83. The instruments of ratification shall be fied approval to each and every one of the provi- deposited with the government of the first sions in your draft Treaty. Stite to have completed the ratification pro- My colleague, Mr Andriessen, and I did not fail cedure. last September in this very place to tell you, with the candour we owe the House, on which points the Commission's view differed from yours. And, Revision of the Treaty for my own part, I share some of -the regrets expressed today, particularly by Mr Pfennig. 84. One representation within the Council produced today's draft Treaty or one-third of the members The work which of the Union, from September's resolution took account of some of the Parliament, or the Commission may of the Commission's observations, and there we submit to the legislative authority a rea- can only applaud. one or more pro- soned draft law amending However, some of the reservations made by the visions of this Treaty. The draft shall be Commission in September still stand' This is par- submitted for approval to the two arms of ticularly true-let me quote this one example only which, albeit for the legislative authority which shall act in -with regard to the provisions ,..orirn.. with the procedure applicable a limited period, allow Member States to block a to organic laws. decision by pleading a vital interest. going to reiterate all the considerations thus approved, shall be submit- I am not The draft, that I pui to ihe House at length in September. ted for ratification by the Member States But I must say again loud and clear that that any and shall enter into force when they have move on your part, even with built-in limitations all ratified it. and qualiiications, to sanction the possibility of pleading vital interest to block decisions is to my The seat 85. The European Council shall determine the seat of the institutions. Should the Euro- I Provisional translation. Final version to be published in pean Council not have taken a decision on OJ Annex 1-309.

26 Bull. EC 2-1984 European Union

mind an unwarranted concession pernicious to a of those powers gradually in order to ensure a practice that Parliament and Commisiion have smooth changeover. both hirherto condemned. \flhat the Community has achieved you have res- That said, your Mr President, Treaty is indisnur- pecred and even consolidated, especiilly-and this ably a good Treaty, a fine'draft. I must acknowledge and emphaiize-with regard It is gratifying for the Commission to recognize in to the role of the Commislion. By allowin-e it it the underlying principles and key elemenls of its a prominent parr in legislative initiative and- by 1975 report on European Union. entrusting- it wirh the stewardship of common action you have endorsed the political nature and And it is_pleasing for me find philo- to my own irreplaceable function of the institution which sophy reflected in it. makes a substantial contriburion to the originality I think you were right to break with what has so of the Community venture, often been called the "softly. softly" aporoach Let me as I find. Those who in the early which consisred of expanding and par- lpeak enihanc'iig stages.of the election campaign are saying in thb liament's role wirhout ever overstepping thelnsti- same brea.th that rhey wanr to relaunch-Europe tutional bounds imposed by the Tieaties. It did but with the Commission playing a purely techni- indeed produce results in irs time, but ir has now cal and administrative rolt have not leained the clearly run our of steam. Though the Commission lessons of conremporary history or of 25 years of has always been ready to go along with any impro- Commulityexperience, since all they really want is vement in institutional relations compatible with to turn the Community into an intergoveinmental the Treaties, it would seem rhat the Council is institution. To negate rhe political role conferred now unwilling or unable ro commit itself further, on rhe Commission by the Treaty is to negare the in the absence of truly binding legal provisions. very narure of rhe Community... And you were right too not enlist the assistance of Soon the elec-tion campaign will be in full swing the Member States in elaboratins the small prinr and your draft Treaty will surely be its star atrrac- of the Constitution of European U-nion bur to press tion. And then it will be for the new parliamenr on and incorporate_ it yourielves in a draft Tieary to ensure that the Treaty is ratified by the Srates. in due and proper form. That will be rhe momeni of rrurh, when the uphill struggle begins in earnesr. In so doing you have shown that rhe debate between representatives of rhe people and between You have thus embarked on an ardous fight for transnational political forces can be more fruitful the future of Europe. I can assure you tE'ar rhe than negotiations between representatives of gov- Commission will always be right behind you. \r)fle, ernments. I believe rhis was essenrial. in turn, arecounting o_n your support in our struggle day-in day-our keep You also got the timing righr, since afrer some to our ailing Communiry alive and kicking. three- years' work your draft is now ready iust as the failure at Athens has removed any'possible A struggle, Mr Preside_nt, rhat is often unrewarding lingering doubts that Europe srands in need, in but, believe me, no less viral for thar, The adl desperate need, of renewed imbition. vent-soon, we hope-of a European Union based on a new Treary must sadly must not be allowed to serve as I admit that you have read rhe cards pretext all too well. a or an excuse for failing to deal with the immediate issues, ro face up to the here-and-now. Finally, you were righr roo ro remper ambirious Our present Community must resurrected vision with realism and not ro try ro start from be straightaway is scratch. if it ro live to keep the momenrous appointment you are making for it today. I think thar it is perfectly realistic today to think Our task here is twofold: in terms of Parliament sharing the Iegislaiive power with the Council. A quartei of a clntury lias al- (i) we must adapr what we have already achieved, ready passed since rie first moves weie made concentrating on reforming the common agricul- towards integration, and Parliament now com- tural policy and restoring peace on the budgerary mands full democratic legitimacy. And you have front; succeeded in democratizing the legislative process (ii) we musr engage the Europe of the Treaties in without blunting its edge. a. new phase of development, through enlargemenr, It seems to me no less realistic to integrare political thr-ough the creation of a European economic and cooperation into the Union's institutional machin- industrial area and through the provision of ad- ery. Similarly, ir makes sense ro limir the powers equate resources. vested in the Union to those it can exercisi more But if progress is ro be lasting rather than transient effectively than the States and to widen the exercise we must return ro the paths of institutional ortho-

Bull. EC 2-1984 27 Preparations for Brussels European Council doxy and reqain the ability, lacking today more For this House represents the people of Europe, than eu.r beiore, to take decisions and, above all, and they-as all the opinion polls demonstrate- to take them in good time. The decision-making want integration, and quickly. mechanism rusteii over the years by the practice for its part is an institution inde- unanimity must be made to work smoothly The Commission of oendent of the Member'States whose role it is to again... identify, interpret and make good the common So we have a dual struggle on our hands: to keep interest. the Community alive and viable and to Prepare for its conversion into a true European Union. I am therefore convinced, ladies and gentlemen, that a joint attempt to tackle the complementary are not conflicting tasks; nor are they separ- These tasks of our two institutions offers the best guaran- are simply two sides of the same coin. ate. They tee for the immediate future of Europe. In that strusgle, Mr President, Parliament and the CommissioilJ by the very roles in which they are So let me wish you, and by the same token us, cast and by the interests which they represent, can good cheer, a good fight and every success.' only be natural allies.

2. Preparations for the Brussels European Council

1.2.1. The future financing of the Com- procedures of a kind which complemer:'t, munity, which will be at the centre of the while still respecting, the provisions of the stage at the European Council in Brussels Treaty in this field. on-19 and 20 March, has three aspects: One of the proposals was for a prior phase budgetary discipline, thg correction of of conciliation between the Council, Parlia- bud[etary imbalinces and increased own ment and the Commission, before the begin- resources. ning of the budget procedure proper, on the In February the Commission sent the Coun- structure and volume of the Community's cil communications on two of these. The budget for the coming year. The Commis- first, on budgetary discipline, clarified and sion also suggested the introduction of spec- amended the proposals made last Novem- ific rules for the various types of Commun- ber and added special provisions for the ity expenditure. For agricultural expendi- agriculture sector.l The second' on new ture, which currently represents nearly two oirn resources for the CommunitY,2 thirds of the Community budget, the Com- amended the proposals made in May 1983.3 mission proposed as a guideline keeping its By sending the Council its own proposals, growth, expressed as a three-year moving which wil'l form the sole basis for discus- iverage, below the growth of the Communi- sion, the Commission intends to ensure that ty's own resources. If, in the Commission's preparations for the Brussels European view, the Agriculture Ministers looked like Council are carried out strictly in accord- reaching a decision whose cost would ance with Community rules. budget 1.2.2. In its communication on I COM(84) 83 finall3. discipline the Commission proposed certain 2 coM(84) 1,10 final. improvements to the existing budgetary 3 Bull. EC 5-1983, point 1.1,1 er se4.

28 Bull. EC 2-1984 Preparations for Brussels European Council exceed the Commission's initial proposals, which it has refined by the incorporation of certain the decision would be remitted to a special adjustments_the need for which has become appar- Council meeting of Foreign and Agriculture ent during the course of discussion (see 'Common Ministers. agricultural policy: Financial guidelines' below). As regards other types.of expenditure, the Com- In the Commissions's opinion, agreement mission proposes to introduce certain specific on budget discipline would assist agreemenr forms of framework, by drawing a distincti-on be- on the other two aspects. Guarantees that tween expenditure whose normal rhythm is stable the management of expenditure was subject (administrative appropriations), expenditure which to fair and binding rules would acr as a can be the subject of qualitative guidelines (in parricular structuial powerful stimulus agreemenr the expenditure) aild finally for on expcnditure which by its nature is dependent upon-the Community's financial resources. multiannual programming. The aim is that budget authority should be provided, on 1.2.3. In sending the Council amended the basis of a proposal from the Commission and before the proposals on new own resources, the Com- start of the budget procedure proper, with all mission recognized that its May 1983 pro- the information necessary in order to define the posals to remove the ceiling on VAT own priorities in the Community's obiectives and to resources did not have adequate supporr in assess the means required in order to attain them. the Council. It therefore agreed to imend The Commission therefore submits the following them by accepting the principle of a new draft conclusions for adoption by the European ceiling, while arguing in favour of a suffici- Council. ently high figure. If the ceiling were set ar L The European Council requesrs the Council to 2%, instead of the present 1%, the Com- agree with Parliament and the Commission on an munity would have sufficient resources for a improvement in the budget procedure (with due considerable period, as happened following respect for Article 203, and in particular paragraph the 7970 decision, which has proved ad- 9 thereof) so as ro provide a grearer rationalizltibn equate to meet Community expenditure un- of budgetary options in line wirh the oblecrives of til now. the Community. To this end it submits the following provisions: 2. Before the opening of the budget procedure Budget discipline proper a conciliation between the rhree institutions will take place, on the basis of a report from the 'The need for discipline which applies to the Com- Commission quantifying the main budget community as much as to its Member States is of a ponents for the year ahead: the estimatedlevenues general nature. Optimum use of the Community's and volume of the budget as a whole compared resources can be ensured only if the budget as a with the previous year, together with the esrimated whole is managed in a rigorous fashion, in line volume compared with the previous year of each with clearly defined forecasts and priorities and of the major budget parameters.l on the basis of precise rules applicable to all types 3. As regards agricultural expenditure, of expenditure. Such a discipline has to be impoied rhe Euro- pean Council endorses guidelines in agreement with Parliamenr, given the role which the financial proposed the latter plays in the budget procedure. by the Commission with regard to agricul- rural expenditure, in the form in which the Com- In the Commission's view there would be advan. mission has refined them as a result of the tage in introducing certain improvements into the Council's discus'sions (see'Common agricultural existing budget procedure which, while complying policy: Financial guidelines' below). In this way with the Treaty, would enable'a.better choic'e o-f the common agricultural policy will be better inte- budgetary options to be made on the basis of rhe : ' grated into the budget protedure of the Com- Community's aims and priorities. The Co'mmis- - munlty. sion is therefore proposing a set of rules to be . The Commission's forecasts will be drawn up in applied to the whole of the budget which will be . supplemented with thg guideline.thus laid down. . by special rules reldvan( to the' .accordanc6 nature of the particular expenditure or new'development of the Community in question. Thus as regards agricultural expenditure the Comrnission I The repon will be drawn, up within the coniext of the is asking the European Council to approve rhe three-year forecasts which thc Commission submits each financial provision which it has proposed and year for the three financial years following.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Preparations for Brussels European Council

4. As regards other expenditure: Common agricultural policy: (i) The Council will seek with Parliament' on the Financial guidelines proposals from the Commission, agrge- basis of 'The which the Commission has programming in all fields 1. amendments ment on-multiannual proposed to the rules governing the variogs com- where this is appropriate, in line with Community mon agricultural market organizations will, if im- objectives. plemented, ensure control of agricultural expendi- (ii) In the case of actions or policies which have iure and act as a brake on its future growth. It is already been the subiect of such multiannual prog- on the assumption that the Council will endorse ramming, or which have been subiect to qualitative all these measures that the Commission now sub- guidelinEs (to be established also through concili- mits the following financial guidelines. ition between the Council, Parliament and the Commission give the European Coun- Commission), the main budget Parameters will be 2. The will guideline costed on the basis of a normal implementation of cil an undertaking to adopt a qualitative these programmes or guidelines. with respect to its own management, namely that the rate bf growth of agricultural expenditure,l as (iii) In the case of other actions (including new an average calculated over several years, is to actions) the main budget parameters will be costed remain below the rate of growth of the Communi- on the basis of the clearly defined aims which ty's own resource basez calculated on a similar the Commission proposes should be achieved. In basis. The average in each case shall be that of the orooosins these aim! the Commission will take current year and-the two preceding years.3 irrop.. of the need to apply to the Com- munity ".lorrtbudget a discipline compatible with that 3. The Commission suggests that the European applied to the budgets of its Member States. Council expressly request the Council to adopt the If the total volume of non-obligatory expenditure costed in the above manner would lead to the I The amounts to be taken into account are the cxpendi- maximum rate being exceeded, the Commission ture chargeable to Section IIl, Part B, Titles I and 2 (EAGGF will submit a full andreasoned iustification, taking Guarantee) of the budget. This expenditure is currently into consideration not only the requirements of presented in the budget in a manner which includes 'negative the development of the Community but also the expenditure', i.e. is already reduced by the incidence of the economic and financial situation of the Commun- financial contribution by milk producers (co-responsibrlity ity and the Member States. levy). The calculation of agricultural expendtturc for the purposes of the guideline shall be this expendrture, further 5. The aim of the conciliation is to secure the reduced by the sum of amounts corresponding to the market- greatest possible measure of agreement among the ing of ACP sugar and refunds in connection with food aid, i-nstitutions on the structure and volume of the the payments by producers in respect of the sugar and budget. isoglucose levies as wcll as the revenues from any future internal agricultural charges. The Commission shall draw up the preliminary 2 The amounts to be taken into account are the potential draft budget upon completion of the conciliation, revenues upon which Titles 1 and 2 of Section III (Revenue) within the limiis of the tbtal volume of expenditure of the budget are determined. Thc calculation of the Com- proposed in its report; it shall incorporate the munity's own resource base for the purposes of the guideline ooints on which aeieement had been reached and shall be the total VAT base upon which the VAT rate of ihall take account- of the discussions which will the year in question is calculated, the amount of financial have taken place on other issues. contributions (if any) included in the budget of the year together with the own resources, other than those derived 5. The preliminary draft budget shall also contain from VAT, set out in Revenue Title 1 less the sugar and a contingency reserve. The primary purpose of isoglucose levies. For the purpose of calculating the VAT this reseive shall be to provide for coniunctural base account shall not be taken of any abatements on the it VAT payments of individual Member States. fluctuations in agriculturil expenditure; but shall 3 also be available in the case of a shortfall in the In calculating the rates of growth in the own-resource actual receipts from the Community's own resour- base and in agricultural expenditure, due account will need be of: ces by comparison with the budget forecasts. to taken (i) Changes in the own-resource base, e.g. as a result of an increase in the VAT ceiling; 7. The Commission will continue to report regul- (ii) any discrepancy in timing between the full availability arly to the Council and Parliament on the imple- to the Community of the additional own resources derived mentation of the budget, as regards both agricul- in the two new Member States and changes in agricultural tural and non-agricultural expenditure. In the expenditure occasioned by their accession. (One possible event of an overiun or the likelihood thereof it solution would be the neutralization, for the purposes of shall submit appropriate proposals to the Council the calculation of this guideline, of the effects of enlargement and Parliament.' during the first years of the transitional period.)

30 Bull. EC 2-1984 Preparations for Brussels European Council

same qualitative guideline in the decisions falling risk during the year of budgetary overruns and wlthln lts competence. report to the Council and Parliamint forthwith.l 4. The Commission requests the Council to adopt It will in any evenr report to the Council and special procedural rules in order better to ensure Parliament each month on the trend of agricultural strict budget discipline in the management of the expenditure. common agricultural policy. After making use of all the opportunities afforded by the routine management bi the CAp it will if 5. As regards'the decisions which have a determin- need be propose to the Council and Parliament ant effect on the volume of agricultural expendi- measure-s designed, without detriment to the prin- ture, thar is the decision on-agricultural orices ciples of the CAP, to restrict increases in aericul- which the Council of Agriculturi Ministers'must tural expenditure. It will be incumbent on-those take each year on a proposal from the Commis- institutions to take the necessary decisions as sion, Commission proposes the the following speedily as possible so that these measures can rules: achieve their purpose. Where appropriate the Q) When submitting its agricultural proposals the Council's decisions could be taken af a special Commission will supply a quantified estimate of session of the kind referred to in paragraph .i(c). their budget impact in relation to the movemenr The Commission will not introduce a suDDlemen- in the growth of the Community's own resource tary budget until it has exhausted all the opportun- base calculated according to a common and con- ities for- savings afforded by the routine'manage- stant formula-, namely the sliding average of the ment of the CAP and by any additional Council grortrth rate_s tor the current year, the year immedi- decisions. ately preceding and the yeai ahead. ihese fisures (c) will allow a judgment to be made of the comiati- -In the ev-ent offailure ro respecr the qualitative bility of the proposals with the guideline referred guideline referred to in paragiaph 2 (by reason to in paragraph 2 of this secrion. either of a special Council dlciiion [5(i)] or of a supplementary (b) budget), adherence ihereto will The Commission will draw up its proposals mean that both the Council and rhe Commission on prices (and related measures) inihe lightbf the must during the following two financial years guideline en- referred to in paragraph 2. To this end sure.that, barring aberrant developments, agricul- the Commission confirms tfiat-it intends in the tural expenditure is brought back within thelimits coming yeaJs pursue to a -restrictive price policy imposed by the qualitative guideline. In so doing for sectors in surplus and for those where a'rapid they must concentrate primarily on the production growth in expenditure is coupled with Iimited out- sectors responsible for the failure to adhere to the lets for disposal. guideline. (c) On this basis the Commission susgests that the European Council request the Couniil to adopr the following rule: if in the Commission's opinion Future financing of the Community the Council of Agriculture Ministers see-j likely to take decisions whose cost would exceed that o? 'Th-e Commission proposed in May 1983 that the original proposals of the Commission, the final under the 1970 decision on own resources a new decision musr be referred to a special' Council Community decision-making procedure should be session attended by both Finance and Agriculture instituted for setting the rate of call-up applicable Ministers and can be taken only by thit special to the basis of assessment for VAT. session. The procedure would be operated for the first time 5.- As regards the preparation and implemenration before the setting of a VAT call-up rate above of the budget the Commission proposis the follow- 7.4o/o. ing rules: The Commission's proposal received the support (a) In-submitting its budget proposals in the con- of the European Pariiament, with the qualification that text of _its preliminary drift bud-get the Commis- the matter musr be dealt with in the frame- sion will take account of all foreieeable expenditure in the- budget year concerned, including that stemming from its price proposals. I The aim of the Commission and the Council will Apart from a Council dccision on prices in excess of the thus be to keep EAGGF Guarantee expenditure Commissio.n's proposals (when the special decision-making within the appropriations for the year. procedure in paragraph 5(c) would apply), such 'overruns' could only occur as a result of compelling economic develop- (b) The Commission will institute an early-warn- ments which could not have been foreseen when the budgit ing procedure enabling it to detect promptly any was adopted.

Bull. EC 2-1984 3t Preparations for Brussels European Council work of the powers pertaining to national ratifica- The annual profile of the budgetary effects of tion procedures. From the Council discussions it enlargement iannot be determined at the Present emereed that the overwhelming maiority of the stage of the negotiations with Spain and Portugal. Memf,er States wished to continue the principle of To start with, the increase in Community expendi- a ceilins rate laid down in the 1970 decision and ture will stem mainly from higher structural exPen- the reqiirement that any increase in the ceiling diture for the benefit of the acceding countries and rate is io be agreed by the Member States unanim- the Mediterranean regions of the Community; Iater ously and ratified by the national Parliaments. on, enlargement might involve a net increase in the Community budget of 0.1-0.2o/o of VAT. This being so, the Commission would now make the point-that the Community is consequlntly in the iame oosition as at the time of the 1970 deci- Rate of growth of own resources sion; the Community has accordingly to set a new ceiling on the increase of VAT own resources. 3. Prudence demands that we should not bank on a real growth rate in Community GDP of more The 1970 decision gave the Community financial than 2.5% p.a. over the coming years. securitv for 13 vears'l A decision of like scope is The average annual growth in the VAT basis of called ?or now, taking account of a number of assessmeni should not exceed that in GDP. More- considerations that did not apply when the 1970 over, the trend in movement of the other revenues decision was taken. is sluggish: in fact in real terms their value has actually declined.z In 1978 customs duties and the other common Future development of policy-related revenues accounted for 451o of the Community budget ivailible own resources, but in 1984 the figure is in the context of budget discipline only 42oh. This trend can be expected to continue, and indeed 1. Raising the own-resources ceiling is this time to gather pace, in the years ahead. Most customs proposed part and iarcel of a set of arrangements dut'ies are bound in GATT and come under a Lv the Commission for containing farm spending dismantling schedule which could be speeded up generally. and establishing strict budget discipline in accordance with the progress of world efforts The strict budget management guaranteed by the to liberalize international trade. decisions whic[ the Council takes on the basis of As for the agricultural levies, they are a Particularly the Commission's proposals will ensure that the erratic sourie of finance, whose yield will be adver- new resources are of i permanent nature by ena- sely affected by the implementation of the Com- bling the growth of the-Community budget to be miision's proposed CAP reforms. kept within bounds. / Care must be taken therefore not to equate an At the same time the European Council's decision increase in the Community budget with an increase on the future financing of the Community must in the VAT revenues required. The relative diminu' show a dynamic approach and offer a real prospect tion in the other resources automatically involves, of fu.rther development in the medium term. for a given real increase in the budget, a faster increaie in the VAT revenues called up. Thus is by the Mem- For there are cases where ioint action has been estimated that tariff dismantling and the ber States is more effective and economical than fall in the agricultural levies consequent on CAP piecemeal national measures. With all due respect ior the constraints on public spending throughout the Community, the financing system of the Com- munity must therefore be given sufficient flexibility I Whereas in 1981 the VAT call-up rate was strll the same to takb on further developments in line with these as in 1979, namely, 0.78, in 1982 it suddenly moved ro over economy requirements, particularly as they -mean 0.9. Since 1983 the Csmmunity budget has been up against in practice that the demands on thenational budg- the own-resources ceiling, as'the combinid result of farm ets are less. spending and offset payments to cor.ect the imbalances in the distribution of bu'dgi:r chargei. (Had it not bben for the. . offset payments the 1983 call-up rate- would have been 0.875.) Enlargement 2 The traditional own resources (a'gricultural levi'es, sugar and isoglucose levies, customs duties) rose in face value by z. itre raising of the own-resources ceiling must an average 5.8% p.a. in the period 7978-83, while during also enable tfie Community budget to cover the the same period GDP implied prices roso by 8.9olo p.a. The financial implications of Spanish and Portuguese real value of the traditional own resources thus fell by an accesslon. average 1.9% p.a. during those five years.

32 Bull. EC 2-1984 Preparations for Brussels European Council reform could mean, at a time-scale of 10-15 years, own-resources ceiling were not consonant with the a 0.2o/o increase in the VAT call-up rate merely to long-term context and in fact only afforded the maintain the real value of available own resources. Community a breathing space.

Time needed 5. In view of ,fr. for.gling, the Commission is proposing that the Council today take a decision 4. To gain the Council's agreement to a proposal of like importance to that of 1970, raising by one for going above the own-resources ceiling, and point the maximum rate determining the revenue after that to obtain ratification by the national from value-added tax which may .be assigned to parliaments (12 of them after enlargement), will the Community. take at least two years. This cuts two years off the period during which the higher own-resources The Commission is of the opinion that this increase ceiling will allow trouble-free Community budget- of the ceiling rate from I to 2o/o of the basis of lng. assessment for VAT would give the Community secure financing for long enough to cover the Moreover the credibility of the Community system whole transitional period of its enlargement to parliaments would suffer severely if the national include Spain and Portugal.l had to be constantly applied to in order to obtain the wherewithal to go ahead with the common In asking the European Council to give the Com- venture. munity this financial security monitored in accordance with the budget discipline- rules it is In the two financial years that will elapse between thus asking the Member States to have the- same the exhaustion of own resources within the 1% degree ofconfidence in Europe as they did in 1970. ceiling and the advent of the new resources, budget growth will be completely straitjacketed. Hence It is not asking them to accept the principle of there is bound to be an accumulation of commit- automatic, regular increases in Community reven- ments and deferments of expenditure which will ue-generation. have to be honoured later. This is inevitable even By deciding to make available to the Community if the Commission's proposals for the reform of a certain range of potential resources the Member the CAP are adopted in full in principle by the States will not be authorizing their deployment; the Brussels European Council in March, for even then actual expenditure and revenue of the Community it would still take time to turn the decisions-in- will be determined through the annual budget pro- principle into operational regulations, and time cedure, strictly within the framework of the rules again for the regulations to have their full budget- on budget discipline proposed by the Commission.' ary impact. So it could be that the Community budget will have to be temporarily increased for so long as it takes to implement the arrangements for properly containing farm spending. This factor, which may be discounted in a long-term context, I During that period it is also necessary to allow for thc would become very relevant indeed if the new effects, at the appropriate time, of budgetizing the EDF.

Bull. EC 2-1984 33 3. lnformation technology

Adoption of the first phase The need for a programme of the Esprit programme 1.3.2. One fact justifies the special effort to be put into information technology as 1.3.1. On 28 February the Council adop- the industry of the future: in a world of ted a Decision setting out the European fast-moving industrial change Europe, for strategic programme for research and devel- the first time in the industrial age, is no opment in information technologies (Es- longer the main source of scientific and piit)l after the last reservations about the technological innovation. In most of the appropriations for the first phase (1984-88) advanced technologies that will shape to- had been overcome.2 It also adopted the morrow's industry it has been far outstrip- work programme for 1984.3 ped by its US and Japanese competitors. European (information technology) Esprit is a 1O-year programme which should The IT enable Europe to close the technological industry now holds only 10% of the world has most gap and perhaps overtake its American and market, and Europe to iinport of japanese competitors in this key area of its data-processing hardware and more than strategic importance for the Community. three quarters of its consumer electronics It calls for cooperation between industry, products. universities, and research centres and lab- The bare fact that Europe has fallen behind oratories. The total outplay in the first years in this field needs to be qualified, however. will be 1500 million ECU, evenly divided On the credit side the Community has a between the Community budget and con- research capacity twice that of Japan and tractors. equal to that of the United States, while on As was made clear in the Commission's the debit side its weakness is structural: its lack proposals, Esprit is not a scheme for aiding research is fragmented and there is a research already in progress but a complet- of industrial and technological cooperation ely new instrument to encourage coopera- between public institutions and private in- tion between the Community's computer dustrial firms. Also, links between research effective industries on agreed topics following a con- and industrial application are not research programmes extend sistent strategy and a coordinated and selec- enough. Few projects tive approach. beyond national boundaries, and do not have sufficient industrial relevance The first phase of the programme will rep- or a big enough commercial spin-off. resent some 10 000 man-years of scientific and technical work. Research will centre on Esprit tackles these two shortcomings by generic information technologies (micro- bringing potential users into the programme giving electronics, advanced information process- and them a financial stake in it. With ing and software technology) and two fields the resources and machinery at its com- of application (office systems and comput- mand, Esprit is designed to promote the er-integrated manufacturing). competitiveness of IT in Europe and thereby provide support for the companies' own Expressing his satisfaction at the Council innovation efforts. Decision, Mr Davignon described the adoption of this programme as the first optimis- tics decision taken in 1983-84, adding that the Community had set its sights on a level matching that of and the of activity Japan I oI L 67,9.3.1984. United States, and had given itself the res- 2 Point 1.3.11. sources to succeed. 3 oJ L 81, 24.3.1984.

34 Bull. EC 2-1984 Esprit programme

The content of the programme for IT and the scientific knowledge underlying them, and integrating them into a con- 1.3.3. The Esprit programme, the first sistent technology. It is founded on tradi- phase .of which runs from 1984 to 1988, tional mathematics, economics and engi- comprises precompetitive RErD projects neering practices. carried out by means of contracts to be Three complementary research approaches concluded with companies, including small will have to be combined. These emphasize: firms, universities and other bodies estab- (i) the scientific foundations (formal math- lished in the and the Community, coordina- ematical techniques, taxonomy and metrics, tion activities of R&D carried out under including empirical techniques and mod- Member program- State and Community . elling); mes. The projects are included in an annual work programme drafted by the Commis- (ii) the software production process sion, the first of which (for 1984) was adop- (methods and tools in software engineering, ted by the Council on 28 February.l integration into complete systems for The projects will as a rule be submitted in software production); reply to an open invitation and involve the (iii) the development of software as a prod- participation of at least two independent uct (interdependence of the commercial industrial partners, not all established in the goals and the technical characteristics and same Member State. Each contractor will performance requirements of software). be expected to bring a significant contribution to the project and to bear a substantial Advanced information processing proportion of the costs, 50o/o of which may normally be put up by the Community. 1.3.7. The objective is to create an industrial exploitation basis for the transition Esprit programme The will be reviewed from data processing to knowledge process- either after months 60o/o 30 or as soon as ing, which is the key to the next computer of the amount has been committed. generation. 1.3.4. The programme covers the follow- Objectives include the provision of more ing areas of R6cD activity and infrastruc- user-friendly interfaces to non-expert users, ture actions: intelligent sensors and utilization of VLSI circuits. Advanced microelectronic capability Office systems 1.3.5. The main objective is to provide the technological capability to design, manufac- 1.3.8. The objective is to carry out re- ture and test the very high-speed and very search on the information systems that will large-scale integrated cirluiti (VLSIC) that support the wide range of non-routine tasks will be needed in the next two decades. performed by humans in the office environment. The RBcD activities to be pursued A concurrent objective is to stimulate R& include: D on novel materials and devices for special (i) description of office procedures, defini- applications (including optical switching tion of standards and the design of office and storage and the use of novel organic products; and inorganic materials). (ii) document description languages, document creation and distribution; Software technologies (iii) office communication systems; 1.3.6. Software technology aims at pro- (iv) office filing and retrieval systems; viding the basic engineering, methods and tools that are needed in the software development process, the management principles I oJ L Bt,24.3.1984; oJ c 47 , 20.2.1984.

Bull. EC 2-1984 35 Esprit programme

(v) human factors (man/machine interac- The background to the tion, communications between people). programme and its adoption

1.3.11. ln 7982, working closely with rep- Computer-integrated manufacture resentatives of the industry and in consulta- 1.3.9. The objective is to establish the tion with the Member States and other in- technology base for progressive introduc- terested circles, the Commission identified justifying tion of IT to all phases of the manufacturing five priority areas of IT a special cycle leading ultimately to fully integrated Community effort: advanced microelec- production systems. tronics, software technology, advanced information processing, office systems and The main emphasis will be on manufactur- computer-integrated manufacture (robot- ing elements is they are needed for discrete ics). In August 7982 it proposed to the batch manufacturing, as this is technologi- Council a pilot scheme to help finalize co- cally the most demanding problem. operation and management arrangements The R&D will concentrate mainly on: for the Esprit programme,l which was decided on by the Council in December 79822 design, engineering, (i) computer-aided and ran throughout 1983. From on- manufacture, test and repair systems; June wards, 38 projects were launched, 50% of (ii) real-time control of machines and sys- the funds coming from the Community tems (including automated assembly, ro- budget and the remainder from industry bots, numerically controlled machine tools and other contracting bodies.3 and entire flexible manufacturing systems); In May 1983 the Commission sent the (iii) subsystems and components (real-time Council a proposal for the first European imaging and control systems, microelec- strategic programme for research and devel- tronic subsystems, sensor systems); opment in information technologies.a Al- (iv) demonstration models of computer-in- though planning a 10-year programme, the tegrated manufacture for experiments in Commission nevertheless requested financ- real-life situations. ing (750 million ECU) only for the first phase (1984-88) on the grounds that reliable forecasts could not be made more than five Infrastructure actions years ahead because of the technological requirements and the scale of the work to 1.3.10. The infrastructure actions that will be done. enable maximum benefit to be obtained from Esprit programme as a whole include; The Council at once recognized the need for a programme of this kind and endorsed (i) coordination of Community and Mem- the priorities and goals set by the Commis- ber States' RBcD programmes, acquisition sion. Although the operational aspects of of information, both within Esprit and from the programme (management, beneficiaries, the world at large, and its appropriate disse- level of Community aid, etc.) were settled mination; without great difficulty, the appropriations (ii) coordination and documentation of for Esprit were long a stumbling block. standards within Esprit and their relation- Certain Member States linked the funds to ship with national and international stand- be allocated to Esprit with the debate on ards; (iii) an information exchange system (lES) I for the good technical execution and mana- 2 Bull. EC 7/8-1982, point 2.1.183. gement of projects and the dissemination of 3 oJ L 369,29.12.1982. results, Bull. EC 4-1983, point 2.1.25; Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point their with the aim of achieving di- 2.1.24. rect computer communication and distri- 4 OJ Ca21,26.11.1983; Supplement5/83 EC; Bull. buted software development. EC 5-1983, point 2.1.34. -Bull.

36 Bull. EC 2-1984 Community-Greenland

the reform of the Community's budget. lease of life for Europe. \Jile have ser our sights on Eventually the initial proposal for a 7SO a level of activity matching that of Japan ind the million ECU Community Contribution was United States and given ourselves the iesources to accepted after the last reservations were succeed. withdrawn and the Commission had under- Today the Commission has so to speak obtained its taken to manage payment appropriations credentials: no_w, when we come up with practical in 1984 and 1985 in such a way that the activities in telecommunications or bioteChnology we can no longer be fobbed off with excuses programme would not cause any increase abolt the scale of these programmes. in total spending. It is significant of the excellent atmosphere ar this After the Council meering, Mr Laurent Fab- Council meeting that the decision on Esprit was ius, French Minister for Industry and Re- taken without hesitation and without linking it search and current President of the Council, to the general budget issue now the centrJ of thanked Mr Etienne Davignon, whose stub- controversy in the Community. It has been proved born perseverance had finally overcome the to be gen-uinely a strategic programme; the manag- financial difficulties. ement of Esprit will be entirely concentrated'on the objectives to be atrained. For his part, Davignon The amount allocated Mr said that the to it is not iust another subsidy or fund for hand- adoption of the Esprit programme heralded outs. Esprit will make possible major innovations 'the reawakening of ambition in Europe'. by small businesses owing to the exisrence and infrastructure 'It is a far-reaching decision, the first optimistic of rhe large projects. decision of 1983-84, and it will impress our Ameri- All this shows that when the repercussions of rhe can and Japanese partners, aware as they will be failure to take a decision can be clearly bought that the Esprit programme is evidence of a new home to governmenrs good sense will privail.'-

4. Future relations with G reen la nd

1.4.1 . On 20 February the Council reached discussions on rhe quesrions still pending, agreement on future relations between mainly the fishery agreemenrs between the Greenland and the Community.l A broad two parties. It increased some of the fishing consensus had already been reached on the quotas proposed by the Commission, laii main aspects-the granting of OCT starus down a number of general principles con- to Greenland; free access to the Community cerning a ,future increase in Community for Greenland fishery products in exchange quotas in the event of an increase in TACs for a satisfactory agreement on access to and, in exchange, raised the financial com- Grrenland fishing waters for Community penstion for Greenland from the 18.5 mil- fishermen; and a specific agreement to rhis effect, Iaying down the Community's quo- I tas and Greenland's financial compensa- The instruments embodying the new relationship be- tion. tween the Community and Greenland were signed on l3 March by the Representatives of the Governments of the The agreement now obtained fits into this Member States, the Danish Governmenr and the Local Gov- general pattern and was based on the Com- ernment of Greenland; those concerning fisheries were also signed by Mr Richard Burke, representing mission's latest proposals February2 , the Commission. of 8 oJ C 7i, 14.3.1984; CoM(84) 68 final; Bull. EC 9-1983, and on whar emerged from the Couniil point 2.1.1 14.

Bull. EC 2-1984 37 Community-Greenland lion ECU a year proposed by the Commis- The Agreement on fisheries is a 10-year sion to 26.5 million ECU. framework agreement which will be automatically renewed for periods of six years the futu-re The legal instruments concerning unless expressly denounced by the two part- the - relationship between Greenland and ies. The Protocol to the Agreement lays Community will be submitted for ratifiction down for the next five years the actual to the parliaments of the Member States so quotas allocated to the Community, the that they can enter into force on 1 January corresponding financial compensation- and 1985. Ratification is necessary since the the minimum quantities guaranteed to withdrawal of territory hitherto forming Greenland if TACs fall. part of the Community and its inclusion in i different system (OCT status) means that 1.4.3. The special arrangements to apply the Treaties have to be amended. from 1 Januaiy 1985 will involve the inclusion of Greenland among the overseas coun- to change its Greenland expressed its wish tries and territiories associated with the the Community in status with regard to Community, a relationship governed by the May that year the February 1982] and in decision of 15 December 1980. However, to the Coun- Danish Government submitted the Council made a statement to the effect future status cil a memorandum on the that Greenland would not receive financial Greenland to be given.2 In which it wanted aid as a result of its OCT status during the the Commis- accordance with the Treaties, five-year term of the first Protocol to the gave opinions on sion and Parliament their Agreement on fisheries. the Danish Government's request in Febru- arv3 and Iune 19834 respectivelv, and it was 1.4.4. Imports into the Community of fion that b"asis that the Cbuncil eiamined the shery products originating in Greenland oroblems of substance involved until final musi conform to the mechanisms of the ,gr..*ant was reached. common market organization but will be exempt from customs duties and chargcs Burke, the Member of the Com- Mr Richard having equivalent effect and will not be mission with special reponsibility for the subjet to quantitative restrictions or meas- question of Greenland's withdrawal, welco- urei having equivalent effect provided that the completion of the negotiations, med access Greenland fishing zones Greenland's wishes and the the to stating that granted to the Community pursuant to an interests had both been res- Community's igreement to be concluded between the pected. Community and the authority responsible for Greenland is satisfactory to the Com- The agreement munity. 1.4.2. The instruments approved on 20 1.4.5. The Agreement on fisheries estab- February were: Iishes the principles and rules which will govern the fishing activities of Member ECSC, EAEC (i) a Treaty amending the States' vessels in Greenland waters. and EEC Treaties whereby Greenland will withdraw from the Communities on l Janu- It takes account of the fact that fishing ary 1985; is an essential economic activity of vital importance to Greenland and of the fact the a Protocol on special arrangements for' (ii) maintenance of Community fishing activit- Greenland; (iii) an Agreement on fisheries, a Protocol on the conditions relating to fisheries, and t regulation Iaying down certain specific Bull. EC 2-1982,point2.4.1. a z Bull. EC 5-1982, point 2.4.1. measures in connection with the special ar- 3 Bull. EC 1-1983, point 1.3.1 at seq.,'Supplement 1/83 rangement on fisheries applicable to Green- Bull. EC. - land. 1 OJ C 184, 11.7.1983; Bull. EC 6-1983,point2.4.7.

38 Bull. EC 2-1984 Community-Greenland

ies in Greenland waters plays an essenrial 'Wcstern stmk Eastern stck part i-n the proper functioning of the com- (NAFO 0/1) (rcEs xrv/v) mon fisheries policy. It emphisizes rhe rwo parties' mutual interest in the conservation Shrimps 475 tonnes 575 tonnes and rational management of fish stocks in Greenland halibut 150 tonnes 150 tonnes the waters off Greenland. Redfish 500 tonnes The Agreement will enable the Community Capelin 10 000 tonnes to maintain its fishing activities in Green- land waters and, undir certain conditions In return, the Community will pay Green- and with the agreement Greenland, of to land financial compensation 25.S million develop them. - ECU a ,yeal - during the validity of the The-Protocol, which covers fishing acriviries Protocol. If the Community is granted and until 31 December 1989, grants the follow- uses additional quotas, this amount will be ing annual quotas: adjusted-in proporrion. The currenr quotas allocated to the Community will serv-e as a Eastcrn stmk basis in negotiating new quotas when the (rcEs xrv/v) first Protocol expires after five years.

t-he_ catch possibilites Cod 12 000 tonnes 11 500 tonnes !f exceed the quotas-catch Redfish 5 500 tonnes 57 820 tonnes laid down in the Protocol and the capacities the Greenland halibut 1 850 tonnes 3 750 tonnes of Greenland fleet, Greenland will give the Halibut 200 tonnes Community special priority for these additional quantities, against Shrimps 1 300 tonnes 3 050 tonnes appropriate payment. The Community ieceive Catfish 2 000 tonnes will at least 20oh of an increase in the TAC Blue whiting 30 OOO tonnes above 75 000 tonnes for Western stock cod. On the other hand, if biological circum- In addition to the annual quotas, Greenland stances do not enable Greenland to comply will each year contribute ihe following cat- with the annual quotas agreed with ihe ches of the species specified towards Jstab- Community and at the same time to main- Iishing a balance between the reciprocal tain its fishing acivities at a level corre- fishing possibilities of the Communiiy and sponding to cerrain pre-established mini- the Faroe Islands, a provided for in the mum quantities, the quotas will be reduced EEC-Faroes Fisheries Agreement: accordingly.

Bull. EC 2-1984 39 5. Commission programme

1.5.1. On 15 FebruarY Mr Thorn, the to strengthen the Community.'s impact-on President of the Commission, presented to the international scene on the basis of what Parliament the Seuenteenth General Report has already been done in external relations on the Actiuities of the European Communi- and development policy. ties andsave an address outlining the Com- (i) The means of breaking the deadlock mission'f priority objectives for 1984.1 should be sought in dealing with the following issues: rationalization of the common 1.5.2. Remarking upon the special circum- agricultural policy, reform of the structural before stances in which he was appearing Funds, futurE financing and enlargement. the House (with the present Commission planned new impetus for the beginning its last year of office, the Euro- (ii) This - be peln eleclions only a few months ahead and Community, whose broad lines should Council, i crucial European Council impending), Mr fixed at the forthcoming European Thorn stressea the Commission's determi- ought to open up new avenues for European nation to fight to the bitter end to get the agriculture beyond its much-postponed re- of Community moving again. fJrm. It should lead to the organization Community scher-nes to restore the indus- Mr Thorn then went on to take stock of trial and tichnological strength of Europe the situation: the Community had to be able and increase independence in energy sup- to tackle the enormous challenges offered plies, through flan-king policies and suitable bv unemplovment (especially among young itrategies, and to the establishment of in- people),'iniustrial change, technological strum-ents which, by improving the general proeress and international competition. environment, will make it possible to bring bnty if these challenges were met could. it economic and social policies more closely purru" its historic niission of uniting the into line in order to present a united front peoples of Europ*a venture that was a to the unemployment which is undermining- vital as ever. our societieJ and boost the 'development of It was true that the Community's achiev- the less-prosperous regions of the Commun- ements had been preserved, and its record itv'. And it ihould facilitate consolidation in combating the European economic crisis oi the internal market, which 'must be given (oreservins the common market and a Com- an industrial dimension covering standard- joint rirunity fra"mework for industrial restructur- ization, industrial cooperation and ing, maintaining a united trading front, pre- technological development'. seiving monetary stability and the common (iii) Lastly, the planned revitalization of agricuTtural policy) should not be denig- the Community goes hand in hand with rated: it was a good omen. boosting Europe'i role in the world. The However, 'even these modest achievements Community, while continuing to meet its will come under threat if the Community two priority requirements-the need to pre- persists in displaying an inability to adapt serve and sirenfthen the open world trading io change and face up to the new challenges system and to maintain and improve rela- posed by the march of time'. tions with its main trading partners-will, where necessary, coordinate efforts at world 1.5.3. In its programme for 1984, the level to combat underdevelopment and hun- Commission plins to impart three main ger in the world. thrusts to its iction: to break the deadlock in the Community by solving four of the five 'most pressing problems' pinpointed in give fresh impetus through Stuttgart,2-to ii I published in the brochure Programme of the papers pre- The address is the measures advocated in the Commission for 1984, Office for Official Publications sented by the Commission during prePara- of the European Communities, L-2985 Luxcmbourg. tions for-the Athens European Council, and 2 Bull. EC 6-1983, points 1.5.3 to 1.5.8.

40 Bull. EC 2-1984 \ PART TWO ACTIVITIES IN FEBRUARY 1984 1. Building the Community

Economic and monetary policY Promotion of investment 2.1.3. On 15 February Parliament adop- Council ted4 a resolution on investment policy in 2.1.1. At its meeting on 6 February the the Community.s Council took note of the Presidency's proposed programme, which takes account of ihe Community's internal work (develop- European Monetary System ment of new policies, financial integration, European monetary cooperation etc.) and 2.1.4. On 15 February Parliament adop- the timetable of international meetings.r It teda a resolution on the consolidation and also held a detailed exchange of views on completion of the European Monetary Sys- the international economic outlook for tem within the framework of the proposals 1984.2 Lastly, it took note of a communica- made by the Commission in March 1982.6 tion from the French delegation on the problems encountered in connection with the seventh replenishment of the International Free movement of capital Development Association (a 'World Bank affiliate).i 2.1.5. On 16 February Parliament adopted two resolutions4---one on financial integration in the CommunityT and the other on Economic situation the creation of a single European capital market. International economic situation 2.1.2. On 5 February, on the basis of a Monetary Committee report from the Chairman of the Coordinat- ing Group for Economic and Financial Poli- 2.1.5. On27 February the Monetary Com- cies and of a statement by Mr Ortoli, the mittee held its 499th meeting in Brussels Council held an exchange of views on the with Mr Camdessus in the chair. It reviewed short-term international economic outlook. in detail the first five years of operation Mr Ortoli stated that the recovery, though of the European Monetary System. It also modest, was continuing ind that the Com- discussed pieparation of the work of the mission had revised upwards its growth Group of Ten. forecasts f.or 1984. He considered that this trend would probably last for a number of vears and that investment intentions in the 2.1.7. on 13 r.f.url, Parliament adopted bommunity would strengthen by 10% in a resolution on the role and functions of 1984 (as against 3o/o in 1983). Nevertheless, the international financial institutions in the the unemployment situation remained wor- present monetary situation.4 rying eveh if, in the Federal Republic of Germany and the United Kingdom, there was some easing in the deterioration on the labour market. This being so, an improv- 1 Point 2.4.16. ement in the Community's economic situa- 2 Poinr 2.1.2. tion should not result in any relaxation of 3 Bull. EC 9-1983, poinr 2.1.4; Bull. EC 1-1984, point public 2.2.47. budgetary discipline, since the debt 1 burien remainei very worrying, no. should Point 2.4.14; Ol CT7,19.3.1984. 5 Bull EC 10-1982, points I.l.2 to 1.1.6; Bull. EC 4-1983, of incomes be allowed to impede the growth points 1.3.1 to 1.3.5. the improvement in industrial competitiv- 6 Bull. EC 3-1982, points 1.4.1 to 1.4.4. eness. 7 Bull. EC 4-1983, points 1.2.1 to 1.2.9.

42 Bull. EC 2-1984 lnternal market and industrial affairs

lnterna! market In theperiod leading up to the European elections, and industrial affairs the adoption of many of these miasures would strongly contribute to spreading the message that European integration is on the move again in areas Strengthening of the of direct concern to all citizens of the Community., internal marketl 2.1.9. In addition Mr Karl-Heinz Narjes and Mr Giorgios Contogeorgis, Members Easing of border formalities of the Commission with-responsibilitv for the internal market 2.1.8. The traffic disruptions in February and transport resp;ctiv- ely, sent the following at the Brenner and othei frontier crossing messagL to theitalian Minister of Finance, the points led the Commission to reaffirm the Minister of Tran- sport and the increasingly urgenr need progress Minister for the Coordination for of Community towards a real internal market. The follow- Policies: ing statement was issued: 'The attitude of Italian customs officers during the strike at various frontier crossing points in- the 'The Commission is extremely concerned about AIps has seriously impeded goodi iraffic within the disruption to traffic flows, that is now wide- the Community. Numerous political spread in the Community, which moves and is having a complaints have drawn the serious effect on intra-Community Commission's atten- trade. When tion to the serious hardships things go wrong like this it illustraies vividly suffered by lorry how drivers held up for several far we go iays in the d6pth o'f have to b.efore we have the fully effective wlnter. internal market which is so important for the competitiveaess of Community industry and com- The Commission appeals ro you and your gov- merce and for overcoming today's economic prob- ernment to make every effort to restore as rapidly lems. as possible normal customs clearance condiiions allowing the free movement goods. The Commission has traditionally had among its of maior objectives the further development of-the rUfle wish to take this opportunity of pointine out internal market and in particular thC reduction of that, had the Commission's proposals'to the ioun- border formalities. It has made a series of propos- cil on the easing of frontier ionirols been accepted als to this end, notably in 1982. One of thesel on in full, this siruation could have been avoided.' the easing of border formalities for road haulage, has bcen recently accepted and will go some wiy 2.1.10. On 16 February Parliament adop- to alleviate a number of difficulties when it ii ted a resolution on goods processing at the applied.z The Commission demands that this frontier post on the Brenner Pass,6 and the measure be implemented without further delay and Economic and Social Committee has called that any derogation be avoided or limited to the utmost. Other proposals concern: for the completion of a true internal market.T (i) the introduction of a single document for intra- Community trade which would great replace the 2.1.11. These border disruptions have variety of ixisting national documents;3 focused attention on the urg-ent need to (ii) deferring VAT payment for intra-Community eliminate conditions hampering the crossing imports, which at presenr takes place at the inter- -frontiers. nal frontiers, in the context of the normal tax of the Community's internal At assessment procedures;4 (iii) the easing of_ intra-Community controls of European citizens.r I , See also point 2.1.35. All these proposals lie on the table of the Council, oJ L 3s9,22.12.1,983: Bull. EC 1z-198j, point 2,1.190. and the Commission requests their urgent adop- This Dircctive will be applicable in the Member States from tion. The same holds for a number of measurls 1 January 1985. concerning road transport which would facilitate I Ol C 203, 6.8.t982; Bull. EC 6-1982, point 2.1.10; OJ C the movement of intra-Community trade. 71, 16.3.19831' Bull. EC 12-1982, point 2.1.20; OJ C fu2, 15.4.1983; OJ C 209, 5.8.1983. Current traffic disruptions at borders highlight . OJ C 203,6.8.1982; Bull. EC 6-1982, points 2.1.10 and the benefits of accelerating the frightfully slow 2.1.57. decision-making process in the Community con- I o.l c 197,31.7.1982; Bull. EC 5-1982, point 2.1.10. cerning internal market liberalization measures 5 Point 2.4.14; Ol C77,19.3.1984. and transport policy. t Point 2.4.28.

Bull. EC 2-1984 43 lnternal market and industrial affairs its meetings on 8 March (internal market) 2.1.15. On 5 February the Commission a proposal for a Directive and22 Mirch (transport) the Council will sent the Council ^Community consider these questions. designed to enable methods of analvsis for food to be adopted, where n...ir"ry, by a rapid, simplified procedure.6 Free movement of Persons This establishes close cooperation between and freedom to Provide services the Member States and the Commission within the Standing Committee for Food- Mutual recognition of diPlomas stuffs. and access to occuPations

Veterinary surgeons lndustry on Vet- 2.1.12. The Advisory Committee Steel erinary Training, meeting on 28 and 29 February, continued its analysis of the sur- for steel (1986) vev it had decided to undertake on 14 and General obiectives er 7982.r The oblect of the exer- lS'septemb 2.1.15. On 14 February the Commission cise to assess the level of training given il approved a new communication on the gen- the several Member States and to make in eiil obiectives for steelT which updates the recommendations as may be needed such version prepared in October lgS2andadop- for the quantitative and qualitative harmon- ted in Marih 1983.8 It reassesses the indus- the subiects Iisted in the study ization bf try's prospects up to 1985 and brings the annexed to the Council Direc- Drogramme output foiecast down from 120 million ton- 7978 on the coordina- iir. of 18 December nes-of crude steel in 1985 to around 116 relating to veterinary sur- tion of provisions million tonnes with a capacity utilizition geons.' rate of only about 55%. 2.1.13. Concerned at the restrictive provi- This downward revision is due mainly to sions on exports of currency for tourist the fact that the upswing in economic activ- purposes and for the procurement of servi- ity expected in lggz did not materialize; ies lbroad adopted by some Member States, instead there was zero growth in GDP with Parliament adopted on 16 February a reso- falling investment, resulting in sluggish acti- lution on the tree movement of persons, vity in several steel-using industries. goods and services in the Community.r The new communication, which takes these facts into account, was sent on 20 February Free movement of goods to the ECSC Consultative Committee for its ooinion and to the Council and Parliament. Removal of'technical Tie Commission will shortly be examining from and administrative barriers to trade the practical conclusions it can draw

Foodstuffs 2./.14. The Council agdin amendeda'its ,l 7964 Directive concerning the preservatives Bull. EC 9-.1982, point 2.1.5. iuthorized for use in foodstuffs intended .2 oJ L 362, 23.12.1v78. '3 for human consumption,s extending the au-, Point |.4,14; OJ C 77, 12.3.1984. I point 2.1.10. thorization of thiabendozole from 15 Febiu- OJ L 3fl, 21.12.1983i Bull. EC 12'1983' J ol 12,27.1.1964. ary to 16 April 1984 so as to avoid any 6 OJ C 53, 24.2.1984; COM(84) 39 final. brlak in the iraditional patterns of trade in 7 COM(84) 89 final. citrus fruit and bananas. 8 Bull, EC 3-1983, point 2.1.19.

44 Bull. EC 2-1984 lnternal market and industrial affairs

these forecasts, the main features of which Production are set out below. The internal and external market conditions Steel consumption in the Community described above would (depending on whether the net trade balance was 10.1 or The current forecasts are based on a mean 12.1 million tonnes) call for an output of annual growth of l.9o/o in GDP over the 100.4 to 102.4 million tonnes of ECSC prod- period 1983 to 1986, supported by an incre- ucts in 1986, against 104.3 million ronnes ase of 2.60/o per year in investmenr, which initially forecast for 1985. is the result of the policies ro encourage In terms of crude steel, taking account of the investment adopted by several Member growth in continuous casting, this means a States. 1985 production of ar mosr 116 million ton- Owing to the relative expansion of in- nes against 120 million tonnes initially fore- vestment, this could result in a similar cast for 1985. growth (+ 1.60/0) in the activity of steel- using industries, though their continuing Capacity utilization efforts to use sreel more efficiently will lead This would be to an annual loss of 0.8% of sreel consump- unsatisfactory assuming that the tion. Overall steel demand is unlikely to reductions in capacity are limited to the 26.7 million tonnes grow by more than a little over lo/o a year upon by the Commis- up to 1986. sion on 29 June 19831 in application of the aids code. On the basis of the mean The situation forecast in the general objecti- hypothesis for the net rrade balance, only ves for 1985 will not be attained even in 92.1 million tonnes of hot-rolled steelwould 1986 and any recovery on the steel market be produced in plant with a total capacity would first benefit the category of flat prod- of.l4l.9 million tonnes, which represLnts a ucts, especially the shapes and qualitiej with utilization rate of only 65o/o. The produc- a higher value-added (e.g. coatld sheet). tion initially forecast for 1985 (95.9 million tonnes) would have given a capacity utiliz- Foreign trade in ECSC products ation of close to 70%.

The general objectives for 1985 were based Table 1 Consumption of ECSC steel in the on a net trade balance in ECSC products of - Community (not including Greece) 12.1 million ronnes in 1985. The figure was million tonnes only 10.1 million 7982, in and for the first 1986 three quarters of 1983 the situation impro- 1980 1982 I 985 (new ved only on the import side.

The growth in the world marker will, how- Liquid steel, ingots ever, remain modest for some years to come semls 11.7 11.1 11.0 11.0 and will be concentrated in the developing Bars and sections 34.6 29.4 31.2 29.3 countries, while overcapacity will be wide- Flat products 48.4 45.1 50.0 50.0 spread. Assuming that the trade balance, in Total 94.6 85.7 92.2 90.3 particular exports, can only be improved in qlantitative terms ar the expense of profit- ability, a net balance of 72.I million ionnes is an optimistic scenario; a figure of 10.1 million tonnes (equal to the 1982 outturn) has been taken as a reference (mean hypothesis) in the forecasts. , OJ L 222, t9.8.1983; Bull. EC 6-1983, point 1.1.2.

Bull. EC 2-1984 45 lnternal market and industrial affairs

2.1.17. On 15 February Parliament adop- trends for some products, and partly in the ted a resolution on the situation of the iron light of normal seasonal variations which and steel market.l aifect mainly the building and motor industries in the spring and early summer. thought it essential to Crisis measures The Commission keep the abatement rates to a f.airly restri- civC level so as to maintain the price improv- quotas Production ement brought about by the introduction minimum prices4 and a guarantee and 2.1.18. On 24 and 29 February the Com- of verification syitema together with the estab- mission approved provisional rates of abat- lishment of a production certificate and ac- ement2 in relation to the reference tonnages companying dbcumenta for trade within the for the second quarter of this year for prod- Community and finally the extension of the ucts subject to cbmpulsory quotas under the quota system to the end of 1985.5 Decision extending the system of monitoring and production quotas (234/84/ECSC).3 These allow slightly higher production than in the first quarter of t98+ and last quarter I of 1983 (Ta-bles 2 and 3). They were fixed Point 2.4.14; oJ i77,19.3.1984. 2 oJ L 47, 77.2.7984; oJ L 62,3.3.1984. basis of information s.unnlied -bypartly on the 3 0J L 29,7.2.7984;Bull. EC 1-1984' point 7.2.7 et seq. pioducers, users and dealers, who con- 1 oJ L 373, 31.12.1983. firmed a slight improvement in market 5 oJ L 29,1.2.7984.

Table 2 Rates of abatement for the establishment of production quotas for the second quarter - of and comparison with preuious quarters .1984

Quancr Product ilt84 l/84 IV/83

Ia Hot-rolled wide strip 4lo/o 43o/o 43% Ib Uncoated flat products 34o/o 37o/o 37% Ic Galvanized sheet 17% 20o/o l9oh Id Other coated flat products 42"/o + 32o/o + 36% II Reversing-millplate 481o 50% 50o/o m Heavy sections 42o/o 42o/o 37olo Mire rod 28o/o1 35o/o2 39% V Reinforcing bars 42o/o 42oh 40o/o VI Merchant bars 38o/o 39"/o 47o/o

I Oricinelly st et 33%, this ratc wrs changcd on 29 February (Ol L 62,3.3'1984). 2 Ori[inelly rt .t 37%, this ratc wes changcd in January (Ol L 22,27.1.1984J-.

46 Bull. EC 2-1984 lnternal market and industrial affairs

Table 3 - Rates of abatement for tbe establishment of the part of the production quotas which may be deliuered in the common market and comparison with preuious qiartrrs

Quartcr Product lt/84 l/84 tY /83

la Hot-rolled wide strip 43o/o 44o/o 4s%

Ib Uncoated flat products 33Yo 35"/o 34o/o

Ic Galvanized sheet 22o/o 25o/o L5o/o

Id Other coated flat products * 42o/o + 33o/o 36"/o

II Reversing-mill platel 52o/o 52% 52o/o

III Heavy sectionsl 49"/o 49o/o 47%

IV \ilire rod 30"/o2 37o/oj 41,"h

V Reinforcing bars 44o/o 47olo 47o/o

VI Merchant bars 42o/o 45o/o 48"/o I For Catcgory II and III products, a voluntary production rcstraint arrangcmcnt applicd up to thc fourth quarter of 1983. j Originally sct at 39%, this ratc was changcd on 29 Fcbruary (OJ L d2,3:.1984)." r ' Originally sct at 399o, thrs ratc was chan[ed in January l}iL12,27.i.19841.

Minimurn prices sion of the system of monitoring and production quotas to 31 December 19853 and 2.1.19. On 29 February the Commission the adoption at the end of December of decided make increases per to of 9 ECU the arrangements to verify production and tonne (an average 2.72)t of in the minimum deliveries of steel products.4 prices for certain steel products2 from 1 April. t oJ L 67,2.3.7984. 2 oJ L 313,31.12.1993. The fears that had led it to ser the minimum I prices OJ L 29,7.2.7984; Bull. EC 1-1984, point 7.2.1 et seq. applicable from 1 January ar a very 4 oJ L 373,31.12.1983; Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.1.12 et low level had been allayed with the exten- seq. Table 4 - Minimum prices of ECSC steel products from L Apr;l 1984 Maximum Maximum Current Ncw Corrcction Guidancc rcbatc rcbatc minimum minimum pricc at at pricc pricc I January 1 Aprrl ECU

Hot-rolled wide strip 380 -53 327 -44 336 +9 + 2.7 Hot-rolled narrow strip 380 -22 358 -22 358 Narrow strip obtained by slitting hot- rolled wide strip 380 -49 331 -40 340 +9 + 2.7 Hot-rolled sheet obtained by cutting hot-rolled wide strip 380 -49 331 -40 340 +9 + 2.7 Reversing-mill plate 397 -66 331 -57 340 +9 + 2.7 Cold-rolled sheet 459 -35 424 -26 433 +9 + 2.1 Heavy sections and beams in Category I 326 -35 297 -26 300 + 9 +3

Bull. EC 2-1984 47 lnternal market and industrial affairs

2.1.20. On 10 February the Commission under a brief given by the Council on 29 adopted a communication amending the November 1983, were signed with South basic prices for certain steel products.l Africa (14 February), Czechoslovakia (15 February) and South Korea (17 February) Restructuring and iniiialled with Bulgaria (3 February) and Australia (20 February).r National plans 2.1.23. On 5 February the Council adop- 2.1.21. The Commission started to ana- ted retaliatory measures in response to the lyse the industrial and financial aspects of measures taken by the United States for the restructuring and closure plans which it soecial steels which come into effect on I had asked Member States to supply by 31 March.a The United States has challenged January in its decisions of 29 June last.z these measures and requested a special It approved the final restructuring plan sub- meeting of the GATT Council.) mitted by the Luxembourg Government, which is in line with the conditions set last 2.1.24. According to provisional statistics Iune and orovides reductions in hot-rolled for 1983, world crude steel production last iroduct capacity from 5.215 to 3.920 mil- year was 654 million tonnes' 19 million up Iion tonneJ and in cold-rolled product ca- on 7982. The Community played no part in pacity from 400000 to 350000 tonnes. this increase and, apart from Japan, was only economic area to record lower Judging from the scope of this restructuring the operation and the information it has on the production than in 1982. fihancial situation of ARBED-MMRA, the Commission considers that there are good prospects of restoring viability by the end bf t9ss. Consequently, under the aids code it has authorized Luxembourg to pay aid totalling approximately LFR 18 000 million. I Point 2.2.11; OJ C 37, 11.2.1984. lnternational relations 2 OJL227,19.2.1983; Bull. EC 6-1983' point 1.7.1 et seq. 3 Poinr 2.2.9. 2.1.22. Steel arrangements' the renewal of I Point 2.2.12 and 2.2.78; OJ L 40, 11.2.1984. which was negotiated by the Commission 5 Point 2.2.52.

Table 5 World uude steel production in 1983 - million tonrcs

9o change 7o changc 1983 1982 1979 198i/82 1983/79

Vorld 663.9 644.8 746.7 + 2.9 - ll.1 Western r0florld 406.6 398.1 497.0 + 2.1 - t8.z Industrialized countries 343.0 337.8 442.5 + 7.6 - 22.5 of which: Community 109.4 111.4 141.1 1.8 - 22.4 United States 76.5 57.6 123.7 + 13.2 - 38.1 Japan 97.2 99.5 111.7 2.4 - 13.1 Developing countries 63.6 50.3 54.5 + 5.4 + 16.6 USSR and Comecon 2ll.t 203.5 209.4 + 3.7 + 0.8 China and North Korea 45.8 42.9 39.9 + 6.8 + 14.6

48 Bull. EC 2-1984 lnternal market and industrial affairs

Table 5 Crude steel production in the Community (by Member State, excluding Greece and - lreland) 1040 nnnes

7o changc 96 changc t983 1982 Dccmber 1983/ 1983/82 Dccember 1982

Belgium 10 155 10 305 1.5 + 26.7 Denmark 493 550 - 12.1 + 21.1 Germany (FR) i5 727 35 880 0.4 + 24.8 France 2t 674 23 981 9.5 + i9.2 Italy 2l 674 23 98r 9.6 + 2.7 Luxembourg 3 295 3 509 6.1 + 66.1 Netherlands 4 478 4 i46 + 3.0 + 74.9 United Kingdom 14 987 ti 7ss + 9.0 + 37.4 Total 108 423 110 749 2.1 + 26.2

Shipbuilding is to strengthen the competitiveness of the Community's software industry. 2.1.25. The Commission has ro Droposed The Council agreed to examine the prog- the Council that the fifth Directive'on Srare ramme by the end of the year with a viiw to aid to shipbuilding be extended to the end coordinating these activities with the Esprit of 7986.r programme. 2.1.29. The Economic and Social Com- Electronics and information technology mittee endorsed the Commission proposal on this matter on 29 February. Esprit Biotechnology 2.1.26. On 28 February the Council approved 2.1.30. 28 February -the first European strategic prog- On the Council held ramme for research and development in in- a detailed and positive exchange of views formation technology (Espriti,2 covering on the Commission communication of.29 1984-88, together with the work plan for September 1983 on the development of 1984 which the Commission had sent it on biotechnology in the CommunityT 17 February.3 It reached the following conclusions: 2.1.27. On 15 February Parliament had (i) Horizontal projects should be put in again expressed its interest in Esprit and hand as a matter of priority in the field of urged th.e Council to adopt rhe programme rapidly.a

I Poinr 2.1.48. Multiannual 2 Point 7.3.7. et seq.;OJL67,9.3.1984. data-processing programme , 4 oJ L 8r,24.3.1984; coM(84) 56 final. 2.1.28. On 28 Februarv the Council ao- Point 2.4.14; OJ L77,19.3.1984. 5 OJ 193,28.7.1982; proved the extensions on'the second part C Bull. EC 6-1982, point Z.l.2S; OJ Lf C 334, 10.12.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point2.1.26. the multiannual programme in the field of 6 OJ L231,19.9.1%9; Bull. EC zts-ty79, point 2.1.19. data processing adopted in 7979.6 The aim 7 Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.25.

Bull. EC 2-1984 lndustrial innovation and the information market r.esearch with regard to training, informa- lndustrial innovation tion, basic research and the setting up of and the information market networks of teams and laboratories; the establishment of a European network of cooperation biological resources banks and biotechnol- Transnational technological ogical data banks. 2.1.32. The Consultative Committee on (ii) In the second place, steps should be Innovation and Technology Transfer set up taken to improve the relevant and regula- by the Decision of 25 November 19832 to tions, including those concerning intellec- aisist the Commission in carrying out the tual property rights, with a view to facilitat- plan for the transnational development of ing ihe production, marketing and utiliz- ihe supporting infrastructure for innovation ation of biotechnology products. and teihnology transfer met for the first time on 15 February in Luxembourg. It (iii) The role played by the conditions of approved the provisional priorities selected access to raw materials of agricultural ori- by the Commission f.or 1984 gin in this field is very important. In this in- iegard the Commission is requested to for- (i) support for the establishment and mulate proposals aimed at securing com- itial aitivities of liaison mechanisms be- petitive ionditions for European industry. tween bodies working in the field of innovation and technology transfer in the Member (iv) The close association of laboratories States; undertakings in devising and executing and (ii) support for better use of Community- programme must form the subiect of such a wide protection of industrial and commer- The Commis- a supplementary evaluation. cial property rights; sion will study the possible details. (iii) organization of the Community-wide It is essential, from the standpoint of effecti- supply and dissemination of information on veness, for proper concertation to be estab- supply and demand in respect of technology lished between the national policies pursued under licence, transnational cooperation of by each Member State and for any unnecess- small and medium-sized undertakings, mar- ary duplication to be avoided in the Com- ket surveys and studies, technology as- munity programme. sessment and trends and RBcD results. The Council requests the Commission to continue its work in close liaison with the Information market Member States on the basis of the above February the Commission guidelines, with a view to submitting suit- 2.1.33. On 9 communication together ible proposals to it for the development of sent the Council a proposal on the con- biotechnological activities in Europe and with a for a Decision clusion of an agreement between the Com- the relevant financial estimates. These proposals will have to be drawn up by the munity and Austria on the interconnection national data network and Commission so as to enable the Council to of the Austrian which take a decision at its meetihg on 29 May Euroner.3 This bilateral agreement, is those signed Switzerland,4 1984. similar to with Swedens and Finland,5 will give both parties rapid access to the scientific, technical, Other industries I Chemicals Point 2.4.14; Ol C77,19.3.7984. 2 oJ L 353, 15.12.1983; Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.32. 3 coM(84)48 final. 2.1.31. On 17 February Parliament adop- 4 oJ L 214,22.8.1979;Bull.EC7/8-1979, point 2.1.109. ted a resolution on the European petro- 5 oJ L 385, 31.12.1981; Bull. EC 12-1981, point 2.1.19. chemical industry.l 6 OJ L 345,6.12.1982; Bull. EC tt-1982, point 2.1.23.

50 Bull. EC 2-1984 Customs union

economic and social information available General legislation on the networks. Classification of goods At the same time the Commission sent the in the customs nomenclature Council a proposal for a Decision on the conclusion of a multilateral protocoll be- 2.1.36. The Commission amended its pro- tween Euronet and its four partners. This posal for a Council Regulation on the infor- willprovide a legal framework for relations mation provided by the customs authorities between the interconnected data networks. of the Member States concerning the classi[- ication of goods in the customs nomenclature.3 changes made Exploitation of research results The are essentially intended to improve the presentation of the 2.1.34. In Birmingham from 22 to 25 Feb- original proposala so that tariff information ruary Barclays Bank plc sponsored an exhi- can be used to best advantage by Commun- bition entitled 'Barclays Techmart' the ity traders, as Parliament had asked in Jan- first of its kind in the United Kingdom- qary.5 to show the most recent developments -of new technologies throughout the economy. Payment of customs debt The Commission exhibited eight inventions 2.1.37. On 17 February Parliament endor- stemming from Community research. sed6 a proposal for a Council Regulation The Commission had long been advocating on the security to be provided to ensure an exhibition of this type to encourage a payment of a customs dlbt.z better exchange of technologies within the Community and was consulted at length on Common Customs Tariff its potential development. Suspension of concessions; tariff increases 2.1.38. On 6 February the Council adop- customs union ted a Regulation suspending tariff concessions and increasing duties under the Com- mon Customs Tariff with reg4rd to certain Simplification of customs products, and establishing quantitative res- formalities trictions with regard to other products, originating in the United States.8 International Convention The tariff measures involve the raising of on the Harmonization of'Frontier duties on methanol, vinyl acetate and cer- Controls of Goods tain types of burglar or fire alarm. 2.1.35. On I February the Community Nomenclature and its Member States signed the Interna- In Economic So- tional Convention on the Harmonization 2.1.39. February the and cial Committee endorsed proposal9 to of Frontier Controls of Goods, adopted in a amend the Regulation 76 1969 Geneva on 21 October 1982. of lanuary The purpose of the Convention is to make t COM(84) 48 final. customs formalities and other controls on z Bull. EC7/8-1983, point 2.1.28. goods at frontiers less burdensome, and it 3 coM(84) 1ll final. 4 will thus be valuable mainly in the context 5 oJ c 2J6, 8.10.1981; Bull. EC 9-1981, point 2.1.25. of the Community's external trade. It also oJ c45,20.2.1984; Bull. EC l-1984,poinr2.1.27. 6 ol cr7,19.3.t984. further enhances the Community's status 7 oJ c 30,4.2.1983 Bull. EC 1-1983, point 2.1.21. as a p-articipant in the international legal 8 Point 2.2.18; OJ L q, 11.2.1984. order.z e oJ c 317,23-11.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1..10.

Bull. EC 2-1984 51 Competition on measures to te taken for uniform applica- Segal is to set up at Fl6malle in Belgium a tion of the CCT nomenclature.l galvanizing line with a capacity of 250 000 tonnes per year, producing mainly sheet galvanized on one side and, in so far as it Econom ic ta riff matters will be necessary to utilize the plant fully during the start-up period, sheet galvanized Tariff quotas on both sides. The proposal to manufacture 2.1.40. On 6 February the Council adop- sheet galvanized on one side, which will ted a Regulation opening, allocating and have priority, is in response to increasing providing for the administration of a Com- market demand, particularly from the mo- munity tariff quota for certain spiced and tor industry. salted herrings fa^lling with CCT subhead- The formation of Segal will enable the three ing ex l6.M Cll.z parent companies to use the galvanizing line jointly. Each will have available a third of 2.1.41. On2l February the Council adop- the line's capacity. Each will provide the ted a Regulation increasing the Community raw material sheet and each will market the tariff quota opened for the period 1 July galvanized sheet. 1983-30 June 1984 for certain eels falling within CCT subheading ex 03.01 A II.3 There is keen competition on the market in galvanized sheet one of the few steel markets which is still- growing. Taking into account the production plans of other steel- Competition makers and the structure and growth of the market, a comparison of the 1982 output and the 1986 production capacity ofgalvan- Genera! rules applying ized sheet producers in the Community to undertakings shows that the three companies in question 2.1.42. On 7 February the Commission and their respective groups (Cockerill-Sam- amended4 for the second times its proposal bre, Hoogovens and Arbed) will not acquire for a Regulation on the control of concen- a dominant position after Segal has been set trations between undertakings.6 Incorporat- up. Overall, the relative positions of the ing the amendments called for by Parlia- major galvanized sheet producers will re- ment,7 the proposal now refers to competi- main the same. tion not only on Community but also on world markets and provides for the regular aids publication by the Commission of its mer- State ger control criteria. General aids Restrictive practices, Aids to.industry mergers and dominant positions: specific cases France 2.1.44. On 22 February the Commission Joint ventures decided to initiate the Article 93(2) proce- Formation of Segal t oJ L 14,21.1.1969. 2.1.43. On 5 February the Commission, 2 oJ L 3G,8.2.1984. acting under Article 66 of the ECSC Treaty, , oJ L s1,22.2.1984. 4 oJ c 51,?3.2.7984; coM(84) 59 final. authorized the joint formation of Soci6t6 5 europ6enne de galvanisation (Segal and OJ C 36,12.2.1982; Bull. EC lz-tggt, point 2.1.31. 6 oJ c 92,31.10.1973; Bull. EC 7/8-1973, points 1401 to Segal Commercial by Ph6nix Vorks SA, t4M. Hoogovens Groep BV and Sidmar NV. 7 OJ C 322,28.1,1.1983i Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.43.

52 Bull. EC 2-1984 Competition

dure in respect of various types of special nificant cases must be notified to it in ac- loans to industry introduced by the French cordance with the criteria and procedures Government. These involve special in- set out in its Ietter of 14 September 1979; vestment loans, concessionary loans for firms, (ii) or through the payment of the pro- special refinancing Ioans and techno- (Codevi) logical participatory loans from the FIM ceeds of savings deposits to specialized (Fonds industriel de modernisation). Under credit institutions; this is how the FIM technological participatory the scheme, firms may be granted long-term all loans and part of the special and concession- loans at rates of 9.75o/o or 17.75o/o. The ary loans are financed; the Commission Commission takes the view that despite a considers number of requests for additional informa- that these loans constitute new aid within the meaning tion, the French Government has not put of Article 93(3); they are payable specific firms selected the Commission in a position to asstss to on whether these loans are compatible with criteria laid down by the French Gov- ernment Article 92 of the EEC Treaty. in the light of national industrial priorities at rates well below the normal In the specific case of the refinancing loans, long-term rates, the funding coming from the Commission is unable, on the basis of new resources. the information provided by the French With regard to the criteria for granting these Government, to assess the extent to which loans, the French Government has simply the tests for exemption under Article 92(3) notified the Commission of very general are satisfied. In particular, it is not in a criteria which do not enable it to assess position to check that, in significant cases whether the aid is compatible with Article of application, the aid does not adversely 92, particularly as the loans in question are affect trading conditions to an extent con- not intended for any specific industry or trary to the common interest. region. The FIM is reported io have already made The Commission has therefore decided to technological participatory loans last De- initiate the Article 93(2) procedure in re- cember to two the industry. firms in motor spect of these aids and given notice to the This aid had therefore granted been without French Government to submit its com- the Commission having taken a decision on ments. The governments of the other Mem- generally the FIM loans or on individual ber States and other parties concerned have notification of those two loans. also been asked to comment through a no- In the Commission's view, the four cat- tice in the Official Journal. egories of special industry Ioans made by specialized credit institutions constitute Regional aids State aids within the meaning of Article 92(1). They have the common feature of United Kingdom being made to industry at below market rates for specific purposes. The aid may be 2.1.45. The Commission has approved the granted in two different forms: following aids to industry in Noithern Ire- land: exemption from local property taxes, (i) either through an interest subsidy for refunds of up to 80% of the tax on profits which the government has set aside approp- from new investments and a 30% grant riations in the central government budget towards investment in energy-saving pro- and which is applied to the special and jects. These aids will not exceed the ceilings concessionary loans; the Commission consi- laid down in the principles of coordination. ders that special or concessionary loans The Commission has accepted the operating granted at preferential rates exclusively by aid element of the property tax exemption means of an interest subsidy of this kind because of the serious economic situation constitute an existing aid scheme and sig- and the civil unrest in Northern Ireland. It

Bull. EC 2-1984 53 Competition has asked for an annual rePort to be drawn marked drop in orders since the beginning uD on the situation to enable it to assess of 1983, pirticularly in orders with the rWith vJhether the aid need be continued. lareer vards in the Member States. sorie of these yards in danger of running out of work, leading to large-scale redund- Industry aids ancies, Member States'central and regional authorities are tending increasingly to resort Steel to emergency aid either to create demand or simply avoid closing yards. 2.1.46. On 8 February the Commission adooted its fifth report to the Council on Experts consider that the 'crisis within a the Loolication of the rules for aids to the crisis' which the Community shipbuilding rteel ind,rstry,l covering 7983 and January industry is now going through will last at 1984 to coincide with the deadline fixed last least until 1986, whenlome recovery should June2 for the submission of Member States' begin to be felt in the industry worldwide. final restructuring plans. If this forecast is accepted, it would be inaoorooriate to introduce a sixth Directive arrangements provide that, The new aid in i9^85,'rtraight after the expiry of the fifth 1 February, new aid tranches may be from Directive, beiause the new Directive would the Commission has re- released only if then be either too centred on the needs of restructuring plan and financial ceived a the moment amid the 'crisis within a crisis' questionnaire guaranteeing the return of the or unsuitable for dealing with the present undertaking concerned to viability by 1985 situation because it tried to offer a medium- justifying the aid by a sufficient-reduc- and term policy. Consequently, it was consid- production capacity. Under the pre- tion in ered to p.opoi. that the fifth vious airangements, a reduction in capacity irefeiable Direciive be extended until the end of 1986 not necessarily proof of was require-d, but and to plan for a sixth Directive entering future viability. The previous report having into force on 1 1987. set out the criieria and procedures adopted January bv the Commission and the way in which It is therefore difficult to expect any reduc- it interprets and applies them,3 the new tion in the level of direct or indirect aid one simply provides the latest figures for given to the Community shipbuilding indus- capacity reductions and aid given, separat- iry over the next two or three years. But it ely identifying aid which can be regarded is-important-aid to ensure that the granting- of as compatible only if reductions still to be such does not affect competition be- made aitually materialize. tween yards in the Member States, and it is essential that aid which Member States 2.1.47. The Commission has also embar- intend to grant to the industry continues to ked on the wide-ranging task of analysing be linked io restructuring oblectives involv- the final national restructuring plans. It has ing further capacity cuts and does not tri,g- approved the plan submitted by Luxem- gei an escalation of aid levels or cheat the bourg.a Member States whose yards have already made the biggest cuts of the reward of their Shipbuilding sacrifices. It must also be shown that the 2.1.48. On 15 February the Commission adooted for transmission to the Council a I proiosals for extending until 31 December OJ L 228, 13.8.1981; Bull. EC 7/8-1981, point 2.1.37. 2 Bull. EC 6-1983, point l.l.l et seq. 28 0J L 227,19.8.1983; ig86 the fifth Council Directive of April 3 Bull. EC 4-1983, point 2.1.52. 1981 on aid to shipbuilding.6 a Point 2.1.21. s COM(84)73 final. Since the Council Decision of December 6 0J L 1j7, ?3.5.1981; Bull. EC 4-1981, point 2.1.20|' ol 7982,thecrisis in the Community shipbuild- L371,30.12.1982; Bull. EC 72-7982, point2.1.45; Bull. EC ing industry has deepened: there has been a 10-1982, point 2.1.25.

54 Bull. EC 2-1984 Competition aid is really intended to support rhe resrruc- should promote both the reorganizarion of turing process and does not serve to stimul- the industry and the maintenance of some ate demand for new vessels artificially. jobs. With regard to the production aid, although the new scheme does provide The Commission propbsal therefore makes not for any real scaling down compared it clear that the shipbuilding industry is with the previous arrangements, being given two more years' relpite to com- there has been no increase plete its restructuring and raise its produc- in the budgetary resources allocated. The Commission has therefore de- tivity by eliminating a major parf of the cided not object cost of preserving the present overcapacity, to to this aid, while noring that the tonnage and by rationalizing the Community yards. to be built with production aid must be limited 250000 per In this way, the Community should be able to cgrr year until the French authoriries are able to look forward by 7987 a shipbuilding to 1o adopt new lndustry whose competltlveness ls a great restructuring measures to take account deal closer to that of its most efficient rivals of the worsening crisis since the beginning 1983. Finally, and whose cost in terms of public supporr of with regard to cover against needed to preserve an essential shipbuilding the commercial risk of cost escalation, the Commission has capability has been brought down to accepr- taken account of the assurances given able Ievels both from the point of view-of by the French Government that the system the cohesion of intra-Community competi- will not normally be drawn upon and has therefore tion and from that of budgetary needs and decided resources. not to object to it at this stage. It has asked the French Government to provide details of the way in which the system will France operate and of the price guarantee contracts 2.1.49. On 8 February the Commission signed during the period the arrangemenrs decided not to raise objections to the ship- are in force so that it can assess whether building aid scheme notified by the Frenih the system is likely to distort comperirion Government for 1983 and 1984. Three kinds between Community shipyards. of aid are planned: (i) restructuring aid in the form of premi- Textiles ums paid, when yards amalgamate, to each Belgium of the two new groups: FF 180 million to the Nord-M6diterran6e Group and FF 200 2.1.50. In accordance with Article 93(3) of million to the Alsthom-Atlantique Group; the EEC Treaty, the Belgian Governmenr (ii) production aid: 20o/o of the conrracr notified the Commission by letter dated 8 price for large and medium-sized yards and December 1983 of its proposal to extend 10o/o of the contract price for small yards; for the last time, after imendment, the aid programme for the textile and clothing in- (iii) commercial risk cover: it is planned dustry which had been in force in 19821 and general that the system under.which I public 1983.2 At the Commission's request, rhe body provides insurance cover againsi com- Belgian Government provided additional mercial risk, i.e. increases in certain costs information on its plans on 3 January 7984. due to inflation in France, in respect of Under the programme, which is to apply e-xpo-r! contracts for plant and machinery f.or 1,Zmonths, investments in the extenslon, should be extended toships. modernization or conversion of textile and The Commission has taken the view, first clothing companies may be assisted for five of all, that the restrururing premiums which years through interest reliefgrants of up to 7 the French Government intends to grant in connection with amalgamation projects constitute aid which meets rhe objectives I Bull. EC 12-1981, point 2.1..{6. recommended by the fifth Directive and 2 Bull. EC 2-1983, point 2.1.39.

Bull. EC 2-1984 55 Competition percentage points on loans made at market The Commission therefore decided on 8 i"tes covering 75o/o of the total cost, February to initiate the Article 92(2) proce- or through"nii equiva-ient cash Payments. The dure. It requested the Belgian Government, budget iito be BFR 1300 million. the other Member States and interested par- their comments. After examining the proposed programme' ties to submit the Commission concluded that, given the development of the textile and clothing in- Ireland Belgium, the scheme appeared to dustry-in 2.1.52. By letter dated22 December 1983, be incompatible with the Treaty provisions supplemented by additional information since it was a rePetition of on State iids, communicated later, the Irish Government orevious Drogrammes and would not be notified the Commission in accordance with certain aspects of the Com- tonsistent^witi Article 93(3) of the Treaty of its proposal code or with other prin- munity textile aids to grant aid amounting to IRL 2.9 million applicable to such aid. ciples to i Us-based company which wished to The Commission therefore decided on 8 take over a polyester yarn production plant February to initiate the Article 93(2) proce- at Letterkenny. The aid would be granted dure and requested the Belgian 9ou- for investmeni aimed at securing the viabil- ernment, the other Member States and in- ity of the plant and safeguarding jobs' terested Darties to submit their comments. Under the terms of the EEC Treaty, the Having examined the proposed aid, the scheme may not be implemented until the Comniission concluded that, while it would Commission has adopted a final decision. not increase polyester yarn production capacity at the plant in question, it woyld not help io restructure the company in the way Synthetic fibres set out in the Commission's letter of 8 Au- Belgium sust 1983 (bv which it had informed Mem- the extension of the system 2.1.51. In response to the Commission's 6er States'of to the synthetic fibres request, the Beigian Government informed for controlling aid industry);1 noi would it lead to any reduc- it by letter datedl8 November 1983, supple- conversion away from mented by further details communicated tion in capacity or fibres. The Commission also con- later, that under the transitional aid scheme svnthetic would the the textile and clothing industry, which sidered that the aid ieopardize for fibre produ- had been authorized by the Commission efforts made by other synthetic present market situation for the first quarter of 1983, aid had been cers to adapt to the reducing capacity and that granted to a textile and carpet manufacturer by consideiably affect trade between Member Sta- for the purpose of setting up a plant produc- it would the common ing polypropylene and yarn. The aid, which tes to an extent contrary to was granted in March 1983, amounted to interest. BFR224 millions. The Commission therefore decided on 29 After examining the aid in question, the February to initiate the Article 93(2) proce- Commission took the view that it did not dure and invited the other Member States take account of the conditions laid down and interested parties to submit their com- for the implementation of aid programmes ments. for the textile and clothing industry, that it was likely to affect trade to an extent con- United Kingdom trary to the common interest and that it was'incompatible with the common market 2.1.53. On 29 February the Commission within the meaning of Article 92 of the EEC decided to initiate the Article 93(2) proce- Treaty, in that polypropylene pro4ucers were faced with serious problems of overcapacity.l I Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point 2.1.46.

56 Bull. EC 2-1984 Competition

dure in respect of the regional aid granted Machine tools to a firm in Stanley, Co. Durham, for the setting up of a plant to produce polyester United Kingdom yarn (POY). informed It the United King- 2.1.55. On 22 February the Commission dom authorities that it reserved the right, decided to initiate the Article 93(2) proce- after examining the situation, to request dure in respect of a United Kingdom plan that the aid already paid be refunded if 'to grant UKL 5.2 million, under the scheme need be. On the basis of the information for assisting flexible production systems, provided by the United Kingdom Gov- towards the setting up of a fully automated ernment, the Commission concluded that machine tool factory by a Japanese com- the aid had been notified late and that it pany. would create new capacity in an industry At the present time the Commission is which already had surplus capacity and doubtful wh_ether the plan conforms to rhe which was required to reduce overcapacity criteria laif, down for applying the aid under a programme in force in the Com- scheme for flexible production systems. It munity since 7977.1 has also taken account of the situation in the machine tool industry in the Commun- ity and of market prospects. Microelectronics

Small businesses Unitcd Kingdom Italy 2.1.54. On 22 February rhe Commission decided to raise no objection ro rhe exren- 2.1.56. On 8 February the Commission sion until 1990 of the United Kingdom's decided to raise no objection to the imple- microelectronics industry support prog- mentation of an Italian scheme, notified to ramme, which had been approved in 1978 it at the end of 1983, for assisting small and had already been extended until March businesses to aquire new high-technology 7985.2 Additional funds of UKL 120 million machinery and equipment through the In- have been made available pursuant to the novation Fund. However, the following Industrial Development Act 1982 for devel- conditions were set: the aid was to be opment and investment projects, particu- granted only for the purchase of two machines per firm, and the maximum amount for larly those relating ro data-processing a firm situated in central northern Italy equipment, advanced semiconductor pro- or was not to exceed LIT 343 million. cesses, relay and system components and ancillary hightechnology equipment. The maximum rate of aid is 33r/3o/o of eligible State monopolies costs. of a commercial character After examining the proposals and compar- ing them with the objectives of the Esprit France: alcohol monopoly programme,3 the Commission decided that, 2.1.57. On 13 February in view of the strategic nature of the indus- the Commission, acting under Article 769 of the EEC Treaty, try concerned, the situation on the market, addressed a letter of formal norice to rhe the development outlook and the prevailing French Government asking it to submit its competitive conditions, was it not opposed observations concerning the alcohol mon- to the programme being extended until opoly. The Commission regards the prac- 1990. The Commission is to receive an interim report in 7987 on the results obtained I Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point 2.1.45. and case 2 the for continuing the scheme Bull. EC 3-1983, point 2.1.39. beyond that date. 3 Point 7.3.1 et seq.

Bull. EC 2-1984 57 Financial institutions and taxation tice of subjecting alcohol imported from political commitment to move in this direc- other Member States to an 'adiustment' tion. (soulte) accruing to the Treasury as discrimination which is incompatible with Article lndirect taxes 37 of. the Treaty. Imported products are thus placed at a disadvantage compared Turnover tax with products resold by the French 'Service des Alcools' without benefiting from the 2.1.59. On 5 February the Council adop- French domestic arrangements. The mar- ted a Decisions proposed by the Commis- keting of domestic products is facilitated by sion5 authorizing Italy to derogate until 31 the application of an equalization system, December 1983 from the value-added tax financed by a levy on those products that arrangements in the context of aid to ear- is paid direct to an equalization fund admin- thquake victims in the south of the country. istired by the 'ServiCe des Alcools'.1 2.1.60. On 20 February the Commission amendedT its proposal f.or a l2th VAT Di- rective designed to establish at Community Financial institutions and taxation . level the items of business expenditure not eligible for deduction of VAT.3 The amendments, which take account of the opinion Taxation of Parliament,e would: limit the exclusion from the right to deduct input tax in respect Cooperation between firms of expenditure on passenger cars, motorcy- in different Member States cles and transport of persons; provide for a four-year transition period allowing grad- 2.1.58. In a communication to the Coun- ual adaptation of national laws; and rein- cil, Mr Tugendhat has urged the early adop- troduce the right to full deduction of input tion of Commission'proposals concerning tax in respect of expenditure relating to tax measures aimed at encouraging cooper- aircraft, vessels, passenger cars and motor- ation between firms in different Member cycles, transport expenses, and expenditure States.2 on accommodation, food and drink, pro- The document stresses the Commission's vided the firm can furnish proof that the view that for this objective to be achieved, expenditure has been made exclusively for the Council must adopt, besides the Regula- business purposes. tion creating the legal structure of a Euro- pean coopeiation giouping,2 three propos- Tax-free allowances ils for Dilectives on the introduction of a common system- of taxation applicable Tax reliefs for small consignments to mergers, divisions and contributions of 2.1.61. On 29 Februarv the Economic and assets occuring between companies of dif- Social Committee endorsed a proposall0 for ferent Membei States;3 on the introduction of a common system of taxation applicable to parent companies and subsidiaries of dif- ferint Member States;3 and on the elimin- I Bull. EC 3-1983, point 2.1.40; Bull. EC 4-1983, point ation of double taxation in connection with 2.1.56. 2 oJ c t4,ts.2.t9z4; oJ c 103,29.4.1978. the adjustment of transfers of profits be- 3 tween associated enterprises.a oJ c 39,22.3.t969. 4 oJ c 301,21,.1,2.7976. 5 Until such cooperation among firms has 6 oJ L 40,11.2.1994. been established, it will not be possible to 7 Bull. EC 12-1983, poinr2.7.57. potential the wider oJ c s6,29.2.1984; coM(84) 84 final. make full use of the of t oJ c 37,10.2.1983; Bull. EC 12-1982, point 2.1.50. European market; the Commission is there- e oJ c 342, 19.12.7983;Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2,1.59. fore iequesting the Council to give a firm 10 oJ c 3,6.1.1984; Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.1.58.

58 Bull. EC 2-1984 Employment, education and social policy

a fourth Directive to amend the Directive ures to combat such unemployment,6 and of 19 December 19741by introducing a mul- Parliament adopted a resoluiion on rhe tiannual programme of increases in the re- questron.' lief allowed on the importation of goods in small consignments of a non-commercial OECD Ministerial Conference character within the Community. 2.1.54. An OECD Conference on Employ- ment Growth Tax-free allowances for trauellers in the context of Structural Change, at which the Commission was 2.1.52. On 29 February the Commission represented by Mr Ivor Richard, was held amended2 its proposals-for a sixth and a in Paris from 5 to 8 February.s seventh Directive on duty-free allowances for travellers, which it had sent to the Coun- Free movement of workers cil on 8 and 11 April 79$.3 The amendments go some way towards meeting the 2.1.55. On 16 February Parliament adop- recommendations made in the opinions of ted a resolution on the International Day for Parliament, delivered on 14 December,4 and the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.T the Economic and Social Commirree, delivered on 25 January.s Financial instruments Thb amendment to the proposal for a sixth Directive, on higher allowances in travel Special measures of Community interest within the Community, specifies more cle- in the field of employment arly the quantities of distilled beverages and spirits that may be imported duty-free. 2.1.65. Taking accounr of the views expressed by the Committee on Budgets, In the case of the seventh Directive, on sales pending Parliament's opinion, the Commis- in tax-free shops, two changes have been sion sent the Council on 28 February an made: the first makes it cleaithat the value amended proposale for a Regulation eitab- of goods qualifying quantitarive for ex- lishing special measures of eommunity in- emptions is not to be included in the value- terest in the field of employment.l0 based allowance; the second requires Mem- ber States to take the necessary steps to ensure that the limits laid down in thC pro- Education and vocational training posal are complied with, that supporiing documents are issued, and that buyers are Cooperation in education informed of the limits and conditions aooli- cable to purchases which they may mike 2.1.67. At its meetings on 2 and 3 February tax-free. and24 and 25 February the Education Com- mittee prepared the subjects to be dealt with at the next session of the Council and of the Ministers of Education meeting within Employment, the Council in May. education and social policy I Employment oJ L 3s4,30.t2.7924. , oJ c 81, 22.3.1984; COM(S4)103 final; Ol C 72, 13.8.1984; COM(84)102 final. Employment and the labour market 3 oJ c 114,28.4.7983; Bull. EC 4-1983, point 2.1.50. 1 OJ C 70,76.7.1984; Bull. EC 12-1993, point 2.1.61. 2.1.53. In February both rhe Commission 5 oJ C 57,29,2.1984,8u11. point 6 EC t-1984, 2.1.36. and Parliament expressed their concern at 7 Point 2.7.73. the problem of unemployment among t Point 2.4.14; Ol C77,19.3.1984. women: the Commission presented Point 2.2.55. a draft e Point 2.3.3; COM(84)150 final. resolution to the Council proposing meas- r0 oJ C 348,?3.1.2.1983;Bull. EC 1,2-1983,point2.t.77.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Employment, education and social policy

The Committee took note of the report On 9 and 10 February Commission and evaluating pilot proiects partly financed by Council of Europe officials met in Stras- the Commission during the period 1976-82 bourg to exchangt information in the fields in the field of the education of migrant of education, training, minority languages workers' children. This led it to consider and cultures, foreign language teaching and measures to check the current rise in illiter- the teaching of handicapped persons. This acy in the Community and promote the meeting was the first of the regular exchan- iniegration of handicapped children in ses of information between the two institu- schools. fion, ,t which subiects other than education were discussed. The teaching of foreign languages was dis- was a cussed, and it was agreed that there Transition from school to working life need for better basic and further training for teachers and for information centres to 2.1.70. On27 and 28 February the Com- be set up in each Member State for the mission held a coordination meeting in teaching of foreign languages. 'Brussels on the 'information for young people' projects which it is currently slp- 2.1.68. At its meeting in Brussels from 15 poriing under its 'transition from school to to 17 February the European Committee working life' programme. The aim of the for School Television finalized its series of projects, which are located in Denmark, programmes for schools introduci-ng and italy and Scotland, is to help young people Exp[aining the European elections which are to organize their own information services dut to be broadcast a few weeks before this on relevant subjects in the most appropriate year's elections. way.

Education and training of migrants Vocational training 2.1.59. On 15 February the Commission 2.1.71. On the Commission's initiative, transmitted to the Council its first reportl the senior officials responsable for voca- on the implementation of Directive 77/486/ tional training in the Member States met EEC on ihe education of the children of for the first time on 2 and 3 February. migrant workers.2 The Directive, which re- The Council resolutions of 11 July 1983 presents a major contribution towards free- concerning vocational training policies in dom of movement in the Community, requi- the European Communities in the 1980s3 res Member States to ensure that the chil- and the measures relating to training in the dren of migrant workers are offered tuition new information technologiesa served as a to facilitate initial reception which is ad- basis for this initial exchange of views and apted to their specific needs, including pro- information. The meeting represented the per instruction in the language of the host first step towards establishing a proper aountry, to provide training and further framework for cooperation between the training for teachers responsible for such Commission and the Member States in im- children and to promote, in cooperation plementing new programmes in the field of with the country of origin and as part of vocational training. the normal timetable, the teaching of the 2.1.72. On 77 February Parliament gave mother tongue and native culture. its opinions on the proposal for a Council In its report the Commission gives an initial Decision on the comparability of vocational assessment of the steps taken by the Mem- ber States to implement the Directive. At I the same time, the Commission is writing COM(84)54 final. z oJ L 199, 6.8.19n. to Member States to draw their attention 3 OJ C 193, 20.7.1983; Bull. EC 7t8-1983, point 2.1.61. to any failures to fulfil their obligations I OJ C 166, 25.6.1983; Bull. EC 6-1983, poinr 2.1.81. under the Directive. 5 oJ c77,19.3.1984.

({ Bull. EC 2-1984 Employment, education and social policy

training qualifications between the Member also adopted an opinion on rhe proposal States.l It calls on the Commission and the for a Directive on parental leave and leave Council to speed up the whole process of for family reasons.T establishing such comparability throughout the Community by adopting a precise rime- table. Social integration of handicapped persons 2.1.75. On 23 and 24 February the Com- Living and working conditions mission held a plenary meeting in Brussels and social protection of the Community network of rehabilita- tion centres. The network Iaunched its pro- Equality between men and women gramme to circulate the results of its work and went further into the question of adapt- 2.1.73. On 22 February the Commission ing training programmes to the new em- transmitted to the Council a draft resolution ployment situation. concerning action to combat unemployment among women.z This follows up the Commission's communication to the Coun- Social security cil on the subject3 which was presented ro 2.1.77. At a meeting of the lfforking Party the Standing Committee on Employment in on the Concertation Social Protection November 1983 and is based laigely on the of conclusions reached by the chair.4 The draft Policies on 2 February the senior social se- resolution underlines the need to adopt curity officials of the Member States exami- measures capable of reducing unemploy- ned the results of the informal meeting of Ministers of Social Affairs held in Athens ment and helping to improve job -relaieprospects for women. Measures invisaged to on 7 November 1983.8 Problems connected recruitment and job creation, vocational with the financing of social security and gui4ance and training, working conditions demographic trends were singled our as pos- and all aspects of employment policies sible subjects for discussion at future meet- which would facilitate the occupational in- ings of Ministers responsible for social se- tegration of women. curity.

2.1.74. On 9 February the group of experts responsible for monitoring the applicition Paul Finet Foundation of the equal treatment Directives examined 2.1.78. At its 58th meering the Executive a preliminary report one of whose aims is to pinpoint problems of indirect discrimina- Committee of the Paul Finet Foundation tion. In the course of the year this group examined 421 applications for financial aid will examine in greater detail a number for the children of ECSC workers who had of areas, such as access to jobs, working died as a result of an accident at work conditions, work of equal value and social or occupational disease and approved 330 security. financial aids totalling BFR 5.4 million.

2.1.75. Parliament's Committee of Inquiry on the Situation of \Women in Europe-met on 31 January and 1 February, the main item on the agenda being the interim reporrs I oJ c 264,4.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.48. on the application in the Member States of 2 oJ c 6s,6.3.1984; coM(84)74 final. Directive 79/7lEEC 3 Bull. EC 11-1983, points 1.3.1 1.3.2. of 19 December 7978 on 4 and eqqal treatment in matters of social secur- 5 Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.62. ity5 and on the implementation of the acion oJ L 6, t0.1.1979. , OJ C 22,29.1.1982; Supplement 1/82 Bull. EC. programme on the promotion of equal op- - 1 Ol C 333, 9.12.1983; Bull. EC il-1983, point 2.1.80. portunities for women.5 The Committie 8 Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.51.

Bull. EC 2-1984 6t Regional policy

Health and safety chair, the Regional Policy Committee elected Mrs Andreasen, of Denmark, its Health and safety at work Deputy Chairman. The meeting was devoted to a further examination of the Com- 2.1.79. On 28 February the Council adop- mission's draft second periodic report on tedl a resolution on a second Community the social and economic situation and devel- action programme on safety and health at opment of the regions of the Community.4 work.2 The Commission is expected to adopt the report in March. Health and safety (Euratom) 2.1.80. As provided in Article 37 of the Financial instruments Euratom Treity, the Commission delivered a favourable opinion on the plan for the disposal of radioactive waste by the Paluel lntegrated operations nuclear plant (France). 2.1.83. On 7 February the Commission granted 72000 ECU (DR 5 million) for a study to be carried out in preparation for Regional policy an integrated operation at Grevena in Ma- cedonia, Greece. The Community's contribution will cover 75o/o of the cost of the Coordi nation and programmes study, the remaining 25o/o being met by Greek authorities. The study, which should Regional development studies be completed by March 1985, is to consider how an integrated approach could foster 2.1.81. On 6 February the Commission the development of natural and other in- decided to publish a study on the regional digenous resources at Grevena and thereby impact of the Community's external trade improve the socio-economic situation of the policy.3 The study examines the present pat- iern of trade in Community manufactures inhabitants. with the rest of the world and the differences between Member States as regards their Supplementary measures in favour specialization in certain branches and hence of the United Kingdom trade; it looks their performance in external 2.1.84. On 7 February the Commission and regional adaptab- at regional structures sent the Council and Parliament the sixth and assesses ility to those trade flows; it reports on the implementation of the Regul- impact external trade in the regional of ation of 27 October 1980 establishing sup- products, gauges the indirect agricultural plementary measures in favour of the trade and maps out the possi- effects of such United Kingdom.6 The report covers the bilities of using a regionalized econometric period from 1 to 31 December 1983. model. July purpose of this kind is the The of studies Disaster relief systematic regional impact assessment of the Community's main policies so that 2.1.85. On 5 February the Commission either they can be adjusted to take account decided to grant emergency relief of 350 000 of their regional dimension or action can ECU (some DR 29 million) to the victims be taken to counter any adverse regional impact they may have. I oJ c 67,8.3.1984. 2 oJ c 308,25.11.1982; Bull. EC ll-1982, point 2.1.55. Regional Policy Committee 3 Studies Collection, Regional Policy Series No 25. 4 Seventeenth General Report, point 355. 2.1.82. At its 46th meeting, held on 10 5 coM(84) 45 final. February with Mr Bernard Attali in the 6 oJ L 284,29.10.7980.

62 Bull. EC 2-1984 Environment and consumers

of last December's exceprional snowfalls in (ii) terms of reference were agreed for the northern Greece, which caused extensive impact assessment of discharges of low- damage, especially to many small rural set- level radioactive wastes commissioned at a tlements. previous meeting; 2.1.86. On 15 and 17 February Parliament (iii) finally, meetings of this type between adopted two resolutions on the damage cau- the contracting parties were an ideal inter- sed by the bad weather in Belgium-and a national forum for studying the burial of third resolution on the solidariry and mut- high-level radioactive wastes in the seabed; ual assistance between the Member States no further dumping would be allowed until in the event of large-scale disasters and the the practice had proved not only technically establishment ar Community level of a feasible but also tolerable for the environ- European disaster relief programme.l ment and monitoring arrangements based on the Convention had been made.

Environment and consumers Chemicals 2.1.89. The authorities responsible for im- Environment plementing the Council Directive of 24 June 1982 on the major accident hazards of certain industrial activities2 held their first Preve ntio n a n d red u ctio n meeting in Brussels on 28 and 29 February. of pollution and nuisances The deadline for transposition of the Direc- tive into national law was 8 January, and Freshwater and marine pollution the aim now is to ensure that it is applied uniformly and as fast as possible. The parti- Protection of the Rhine cipants reported on the steps taken to give 2.1.87. On 10 February the heads of the effect to the Directive in each Member Siate delegations on the Inrernational Commis- and discussed arrangements for exchanging sion for the Protection of the Rhine against information and the interpretation ro be Pollution met in the Hague, where thirmal given to some of the Articles. pollution and pollution caused by discharges of chlorides were the main items on the Protection and rational use of land, agenda. In addition they adopted a recom- the environment and natural resources mendation on cadmiun discharges and took note progress of the made on warer supplies, Flora and fauna hygiene and sewage treatment. 2.1.90. Parliament adopted a resolution London Conuention on the protection of the monk seal on 17 February.l 2.1 .88. Commission representatives sat in as observers at the latest meeting of the contracting parties to the London Conven- Natural resources tion on the Prevention of Marine Pollution Use of seuage sludge in agriculture by Dumping of Wastes and other Matrer, held in London from 20 to 24 February. 2.1.91. Also on 17 February Parliament The main conclusions reached were that: endorsed,3 subject to a number of technical the proposal Directive (i) no amendments will be made ro the amendments, for a Annexes to the Convention in the immediate future; a team of scierltists will be set up to work out the selection criteria to be I Point 2.4.14; OJ C77,19.3.1984. applied when deciding which substances to 2 OJ L 2J0, 5.8.1982; Bull. EC 6-7982, point 2.7.92. include in the Annexesl 3 ol cn,19.3.1984.

Bull. EC 2-1984 63 Environment and consumers on the use of sewage sludge in agriculture, opments since 1973 and placed them in their which the Commission put to the Council eionomic and political context, analysing in Septembe r 1982.1 Parliament particularly the results achieved and the problems en- stresied the need to specify uniform com- countered in implementing Community pulsory procedures for taking and preparing consumer policy. The Commission likewise iamples and for analysing soil and sludge. spelled ouf the guidelines for the concluding phase of the second programme.

I nternatio na I coo perati o n Protection of consumers' economic 2.1.92. A further meeting in the series and legal interests started in 7974 to promote cooperation between the Commission and the US authorit- Unfair terms ies on environmental matters2 took place in Vashington on 2 and 3 February. Three 2.1.94. On 14 February the Commission rounds of talks were held under the nego- put before the Council a communication on tiating directi-ves issued by the Council on unfair terms in contracts.S 30 May 7978.r The document first outlines the current The first, at the State Department, concen- situation in the Member States: only six trated primarily on general international is- of them (France, the Federal Republic of sues. The second, at the Office of the US Germany, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Representative for Trade Negotiations, cen- Denmark and Luxembourg) have legisla- tred on how the US Toxic Substances Con- tion covering unfair contract terms; in one trol Act a-nd the Council Directive of 18 (the Netherlands) a bill is now before parlia- September 19794 amending for the sixth ment. time the 7967 Directive on dangerous sub- It then goes on to discuss what steps might stancess were likely to affect trade. Finally, be taken at Community level, detailing two the third round, at the Environmental Pro- options-a directive or non-legislative ac- tection Agency, allowed time to look into tibn. It suggests that the directive could some of the technical problems relating to set out the main rules, while leaving the environmental protection. Member States considerable latitude as to how they are implemented. Non-legislative action could be taken as an alternative to Consumers or in parallel with a directive. For instance, along the lines of what has been done in Implementing the second programme the United Kingdom and Denmark, a public authority could be set up to organize and on consumer Protectlon monitor talks between representatives of 2.1.93. At its 12 December 1983 meeting the consumers on one side and of trade and on consumer protection, the Council called industry on the other. Another possibility on the Commission to report to it on pro- would bd the introduction of standard form gress in implementing measures provided contracts that would make it easier for con- ior by the iecond pr-ogramme (1981-80.6 sumers to compare terms. In conclusion, the To a great extent tht efforts made over the past t-hree years derive from the principles ind priorities adopted when the prelim-inary I oJ c 264,8.10.1982; Bull. EC 9-1982, point 2.1.50. action programme was drawn uPr' the 2 Bull. Ec7/8-1974, point 2231. 3 second programme being a reaffirmation of 1 Bull. EC 5-1978, point 2.1.55. and a fbllow-up to the earlier one. It was 5 oJ L 2s9,1s.10.1979. in the oJ 195, 16.8.1962. for that reason ihat the Commission, 5 oJ c 133,3.6.1981. communication it put before the Council 7 92, L5.4.197s. 8 oJ c on 24 February, enumerated the main devel- Supplement 1/84 - Bull. ECt COM(8a) 55 final.

64 Bull. EC 2-1984 Agriculture

Commission invites comment from inter- Mr Dalsager, the Commission Member ested parties, notably consumer organiza- with special responsibility for agriculture, tions ind trade associations. pointed out that certain Member States were still pressing for increases for given products at Council meetings of Agriculture Agriculture Ministers, while at the same time insisting, in the European Council, that budgetary Council resources could not be increased unless the 2.1.95. Agricultural matters were discus- CAP was adapted. sed at Council meetings on 5 and 7 February On the agrimonetary questions, the German and 27 and 28 February.l In addition to a delegation proposed a solution whereby the general review of the price proposals, the MCAs would be calculated by reference to Council held detailed discussions on monet- the currency which had appreciated most. ary compensatory amounts and the special New positive MCAs would thus be avoided problems of the milk sector.z and the existing positive MCAs would be- It also approved the proposed extension of come negative. Several Member States, the common measure for the acceleration while accepting the Commission's propos- of agricultural development in Greece,3 a als,e declared their willingess to seek a six-month extension of the socio-structural solution on the basis of the German for- Directives4 and a one-month extension of mula. the Regulation concerning United Kingdom The Commission recalled its proposals and imports of New Zealand butter.5 pointed out that, if the Council decided in favour of the German formula, a precise Agricultural prices and rationalization timetable would have to be set for disman- of the common agricultural policy tling the positive and negative MCAs. Mr 2.1.96. Examining the question of agricul- Daliager stressed that the conversion of tural prices5 in conjunction with that of the positive MCAs into negative M.CAs *.ap lo rationalization of the CAP,7 the Council panacea: in economic terms, it would be acknowledged the close interdependence of equivalent to an increase in the common the various proposals made by the Commis- piice in ECU with a corresponding reduc- sion in recent months. thus confirming the tion in the positive MCAs. Such a solution position adopted in January both by itself would also have consequences for the Com- and by the Council meeting of Ministers of munity budget. Foreign Affairs,s namely that all the main The discussions on milk were concerned issues should be treated at the appropriate with the principle of introducing produc- level and in accordance with the customary tion quotas and with the level of the quotas Community procedures. The main agenda and the management of the system. On this items were the general level of prices, the last point there were two opposing views monetary compensatory amounts (MCAs) in favour of individual quotas per and milk. -oneholding, the other perferring the allocation On the general question of prices, positions continued to differ widely. Although no I Member State formally requested an overall Point 2.4.16. 2 Point 2.1.96. price increase, most delegations stressed the 3 Point 2.1.118. social consequences of a restrictive policy 4 Point 2.1.116. and the need to provide farmers with a fair 5 Point 2.1.106. 5 1-1984, point 1.1.1 er seg. income. The northern countries favoured a 7 Bull. EC more stringent approach, some recom- Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point 1.1.1 et seq.i Supplement 4/83 Bull. EC; Bull. EC 10-1983, point 1.4.3; Bull. EC increases ensure stab- - mending uniform to 1 1-1983, point 2.1.123. ility in all sectors, including Mediterranean t Bull. EC 1-1984, points 2.1.67 and2.4.3. products. e Bull. EC 10-1983, point2.l.l02 et seq.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Agriculture of overall quotas to dairies. Several delega- this supplements the Commission's earlier tions would accept a quota system only if proposals.l5 no national exemptions were granted.

2.1.97. On 1 March'the Economic and Prices and specific measures Social Committee gave its opinion on the agricultural price projects and related meas- Pigmeat ures for 1984/85.1 2.1.102. In January, to deal with the rapidly deteriorating situation on the market in pigmeat, the Commission reintroduced the Economic aspects of the common granting of private storage aid and maintai- agricultural policy ned, increased and extended the additional amounts charged on imports of live animals Situation as regards agricultural and of boned and other meats.l5 holdings and incomes Now that these measures have been in force 2.1.98. To enable existing data on the for almost two months, there is tentative structure of agricultural holdings to be evidence that they have had the desired brought up to date, the Commission propo- effect on the market: sed that the Council should organize a sur- (i) between 20 January and 2 March, de- vey in the Member States covering the farm spite the seasonal drop in demand, the years corresponding to the 1985 and,1987 Community market price for pigmeat rose harvests.z Earlier surveys were carried out by 12ECU/100 kg, or more than 8%, first in 1977, 1979/80 and 1983.3 matching and then exceeding its level at the same time last year; (ii) over the same period, about 40 000 Market organizations tonnes were withdrawn from the market and taken into private storage; Adlustment of the basic regulations (iii) imports of live animals and meat fell 2.1.99. On 17 February Parliament deliv- from 9 000 tonnes in November and 5 000 ered a favourable opiniona on the proposals tonnes in December to less than 750 ronnes to dis-continue the public storag-e of pig- in January and February 1984. meat,r to introduce guarantee thresholds Despite the spectacular recovery of the mar- for sunflower seed and durum wheat,6 to ket, the position of pig farmers remains extend the intervention system to cover uncertain because of the cost of feeding- sorghumT and to apply certiin quality stan- stuffs; in this respect, the situation is still dards to fruit and vegetables on wholesale unsatisfactory. markets.8 I 2.1.100. On 1 March the Economic and Point 2.4.29. 2 oJ c 60,2.3.1984; coM(84) 66 final. Social Committee delivered opinions9 on a r oJ L 3s,4.2.1978; oJ L 59, 2.3.1982. number of proposals----concerning the in- 1 oJ c 77,19.3.1984. 5 oJ c 319,29.11.1983; Bull. EC 1t-1983, point 2.1.120. troduction of guarantee thresholds for sun- 6 flower seed and durum wheat,6 processed oJ c 301, 8.11.1983; Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.110. 7 oJ c 298,4.11.1983 Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.110. fruit and vegetables,lo wine,ll milkl2 and 8 OJ C 324,29.11.1983; Bull. EC 1 1-198J, point 2, l. t 19. 13 monetary compensatory amounts. e Poinr 2.4.30. r0 rr OJ C 301, 8.11.1983; Bull. EC t0-1983, point 2.1.111. New market organizations OJ C338,15.12.1983; Bull. EC 1t-l983, point2.7.t22. 12 oJ C 289,?3.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.84. 13 OJ C 299,5.11.1983i Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.102. 2.1.101. The Commission transmitted to r1 the Council on 10 February a new esrimate coM(84) 47 final. 15 oJ c 101,?J.11.1973; oJ c 309, 31.12.1976; oJ c 193, of the cost of operating a market organiza- 31.7.1979; O J C 214, 10.8.1983. tion in ethyl alcohol of agricultural oiigin;la 16 OJ L 11, 14.1.1984; Bull. EC t-7984,point2.t.75.

6 Bull. EC 2-1984 Agriculture

Winel private storage. To facilitate the disposal of these stocks and to prevent them becoming 2.1.103. In view of the danger that large unusable, the Commission temporarily sus- stocks might build up by the time of the pended, with effect f.rom 24 February,4 the next harvest, the Commission droppedz the application of the Regulation of 13 July condition which it had set for the conclu- l98l,e whereby aid could be granted in re- sion of long-term storage contracts in respect of fresh market butter or concentrated spect of wine already covered by short-term butter for use in the manufacture of pastry contracts,3 namely that only short-term products, icecream and other foodstuffs. At contracts expiring after 15 February 1984 the same time, the Commission reintro- would be eligible. duced aid for butter held in private storage 2.1.104. Since the representative price for and intended for the same purposes.l0 type had been lower white wine of AIII 2.1.109. To facilitate the conclusion by than the activating price for two consecutive Community exporters of sales contracts for weeks, on 21 the Commission authorized, deliveries to be made in the new milk mar- private February, the conclusion of storage keting year, the Commission outlined the this type wine.4 contracts for of criteria for the adjustment of export refunds 2.1.105. On 17 February Parliament deliv- fixed in advance for milk and milk products ered a favourable opinions on the proposals in 1984/85.1r for Regulations on the designation, presen- 2.1.110. The Commission also raised from tation and labelling of sparkling wines.6 750 gto 1 kg the maximum monthly quan- tity of butter which may be sold at a reduced Milk and milk products price to consumers receiving social assist- lnce.12 2.1.106. Having failed to reach agreement for the full year of 7984, the Council extended by one month the Regulation autho- Beeflueal rizing the United Kingdom to import New 2.1.111. On 21 February the Council Zealand butter on special terrhs./ The quan- adopted estimates concerning beef/veal in- tity authorized for the first quarter was tended for the processing industry (50000 20750 tonnes. tonnes as compared with 50 000 tonnes in 2.1.107. Under the programme for the use 1983) and young male bovine animals in- of funds accruing from the co-responsibility tended for fattening (190000 head as com- levy, the Commission decided to continue pared with 237}N"head in 1983).13 in the medium term the measures for ex- These estimates take account of Commun- panding the markets in milk and milk prod- ity availabilities of beef/veal, demand from ucts both inside and outside the Commun- non-member countries and the importance ity.8 These measures, which were introduced in 7978,have proved to be an effective means of widening the markets for milk I The external aspects are dealt with under'lndustrialized products. At the same time, the Commission ,countries' at point 2.2,79. decided to continue and step up action to oJ L 31,2.2.1984. 3 oJ L 366,28.12.1983. improve the quality of milk in Ireland, Italy 1 oJ L sr,22.2.1994. and Greece, where the problems relating to s 6 oJ cn,p.3.1984. the quality of raw milk are more serious , oJ c 120,5.5.1983; Bull. EC 3-1983, point 2.1.106. than in the other Member States.8 oJL61,2.3.1994. t oJ L 32,3.2.1984;Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.128. , oJ L 191,14.7.1981. 2.1.108. The Commission adopted certain ro measures account the changing oJ L s2, 23.2.1984. to take of rr oJ c s2,29.2.1994. situation on the market in butter, large 12 oJ L 64,6.3.1984. quantities of which are held in public and r3 oJ L s4,u.2.1984.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Agriculture

of the imports concerned in the conrext of This document deals with the rrends on trade relations between the Community and the market for roses and carnations, the the non-member countries which supply it.1 Community rules as they stand at present On the basis of these estimates, the Com- and the changes which need to be- made. mission adopted the first import authoriza- The proposal for a regulation is intended tions on 27 February.2 to improve the management of the market and to -provide for the monitoring of imports of roses and carnations. Oils and fats 2.1.112. On 1 March the Economic and Social Committee gave its opinion3 on the Structures proposal to introduce a tai on oils and fats.a Socio-structural Directives

Sugar 2.1.115. On 28 February, Parliament having deljvered a favourable opinion,8 rhe 2.1.113. To ensure that the method for Council approved, pending adoption of the recording and controlling isoglucose pro- proposals to review the socio-stiuctural Di- duction under the quota system is as eflici- rectives,9 a measure whereby the validity of ent as possible and that this method is ap- the three socio-srructural Directives of i97Z plied uniformly throughout the Commun- and the associated interest-rate subsidies Commission ity, the ruled that the would be extended unril 30 June.10 At the quantities produced must be recorded and same time, the Council suspended the grant- controlled as soon as the isomerization pro- ing of investment aid in the milk iector cess has terminated and before any other from 1 March until agreement was reached opera_tion begins, with effect from I July on controlling milk production.ll 1984.5 In addition, all manufacurers of isoglucose will be required to notify to the Member States concerned any isomeriza- New measures and adiustment tion facilities used for this purpose. of directives 2.1.117. On 1 March the Economic and Processed fruit and uegetabies Social Committee delivered its opinion3 on the proposals to review the socio-structural 2.1.114. On 20 February the Commission Directives and amend the Regulations adop- transmitted to the Council a report on the ted in 1977 (processing and marketing bf market and the measures applicible to im- products) and 1980 (agricultural develop- ports of preserved cultivated mushrooms5 ment in the less-favoured areas the pursuant to the Regulation of wett of 30 June 1981. of Ireland).e In the light of experience, the Commission takes the view that the problems encountered at the end of the marketing year can be resolved within the framework of the t CoM(84) 49 final. current rules. , oJ L s8,29.2.1984. 3 Point 2.4.30. 1 ol c 289,25.10.1983i Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.95. Flowers 5 oJ L st,zz.z.t984. 6 coM(84)71 final. 2-.1.115. In response ro a requesr made by , oJ c s4,2s.2.1984; coM(83) 798 final. the Council in October, rhe , oJ c 77,19.3.1994. Cbmmission , presented on 13 February a report concern- OJ C 347,22.12.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, points 1.2.1 to ing the import arrangements for certain cut 1.2.10. r0 This was formally adopted on 5 March: OJ L 72, flowers (roses and carnations), accom- 15.3.1984. panied by a proposal for a Regulation.T rr oJ L 61,2.3.1984.

68 Bull. EC 2-1984 Agriculture

2.1.118. On 28 February the Council ap- the Netherlands. The Commission restored proved an extension of the 'common meas- trade with effect from 9 February, while ure' for the acceleration of agricultural dev- giving. the United Kingdom the necessary elopment in certain regioni of Greece, as plant health guarantees against the intro- proposed by the Commission in Julyl in its duction of chrysanthemum white rusr.5 response to the Greek memorandum.2 This will provide Community financing of. 44.7 2.1.123. The Commission extended until million ECU, half for infrastructure (pot- 31 January 1985 the remporary authoriza- able. wat-er, communications, electriiity) tion granted to Ireland and the United King- and half for irrigation, reafforestation, for- domlo protect their territory from the in- est paths and fire protection projecs, erc. troduction of Dendroctonus, an insect which attacks conifers.T 2.1.119. On the same day the Council adopted amendmenrs ro rhe Community list Competition of less-favoured areas in Italy, the Neiher- lands and the United Kingdom, substanti- 2.1.124. Under Articles 92 to 94 of the ally increasing the eligible igricultural area, EEC Treaty, the Commission decided to especially in Italy (by 1.3-million ha, or make no commenr on the introduction of the following draft measures notified by: -18%) and the United Kingdom (by 1.2 million ha, or l4o/o).3 Federal Republic of Germany Noryh-Rhine Westphalia: aid to compensate Veterinary and animal husbandry stockfarmers for losses sustained as i result legislation of warble-fly infestation. 2.1.120. Because the spread of of classical France sw-ine fever, the Commission adopted on 14 February two decisions altering the protec- National aids in the robacco secor (conver- tive measures applicable to trade.4 sion from dark to bright varieties). The first of these Decisions extends rhe United Kingdom restrictive measures applicable to trade in live pigs to cover new ireas of the Federal Variation of the Agricultural and Horticul- Republic of Germany. The second Decision ture Developmenr Scheme (ADHS), the places a 30-day ban on the trading of fresh Farm and Horriculture Development pigme-at which has been obtained from pigs Scheme (FHDS) and the Agricultur-e and reared within a two-kilometre radius of any Horticulture Granr Scheme (AHGS). outbreak of classical swine fever in Ger- The Commission made no comments on many, the Netherlands or Italy. these changes under Article 93 since the measures in question fall within the scope 2.1.121. In view of the improvemenr in rhe of Directive 72/ 159 /EEC.8 situation, the Commission reduced the area covered by the measures to combat foot- 2.1.124a. The Commission decided to in- and-mouth disease in the Netherlands and itiate the Article 93(2) procedure in respecr removed the restrictions designed to prevent of an aid scheme concerning: the spread of avian influenzi in Irelind.s

Plant health legislation 210,6.8.1983; z: 9J..C Bull. EC 7/8-t983,point 2.1.144. , Bull. EC 3-1983, points 1.4.1 to 1.4.13. 2.1.122. Invoking the protective clause in , oJ L 82,26.3.1984. the Community's plani health rules, the 5 oJ L st,2z.z.t9}4. United Kingdom had prohibited the introd- , oJ t- 66, 8.3.1984. uction oJ L 3s,2.2.1984. into its territory of pot plants or cut , oJ L 38,9.2.1984. flowers of chrysanthemum oiiginating in , oJ L 96,23.4.1s72.

Bull. EC 2-1984 69 Fisheries

Italy Resources Sicily: amendments and additions to Reg- lnternal aspects ional Acts Nos 85/82 and87/82 concerning aids for agriculture and certain productive Community measures sectors and laying down emergency meas- 2.1.129. On the basis of information from aericulturet the procedure was initi- ures for the Dutch authorities concerning the exhau- of excessively ated, in p-articular,-in reipect stion of their cod and plaice quotas in cer- hieh investment aids for ihe processing and tain ICES divisions, on 28 February the products. mirketing of agricultural Commission prohibited vessels flying the 2.1.125. The Commission also addressed flag of the Netherlands from fishing for to the Italian Government, under the Article theie two species in the divisions in ques- 93(2) procedure, a final decision finding tion.3 againsi the Act whereby the region of Cam- pania lays down emergency measures to National measures to protect local stocks issist apiicot production (aids granted per 2.1.130. On the basis of Article 19 of Reg- unit of area grown). ulation No 171183 of 25 January 19834 the Commission approved the following European Agricultural measure: Guidance and Guarantee Fund IJnited Kingdom. Yorkshire Water Author- itv (Limitation of Net Licences) Order 1983. regulates the annual grant of licences Guarantee Section This for fishing for salmon and sea trout with 2.1.126. On 8 February the Commission drift-nets or type T and type J nets during adopted the Decisions on the clearance of the period from 1 January 1984 to 31 De- the EAGGF Guarantee Section's accounts cember 1988. for 1978 and 1979. This involves endorsement for charging to the Community the National measures which are stricter expenditure iniurred by the Member States than Community rules under Community regulations, after due 2.1.131. The Commission took note of the verification of vouchers and itemized ac- following measure adopted in respect of its counts. As result of increased expenditure fishermen by: on the common agricultural policy in 7978 Denmark. Amendment to a decree on fish- the total cleared came to 18500 and 7979, ine in the Baltic Sea and the Belts. The million ECU, as compared with 12400 mil- C6mmission found that the technical meas- lion ECU for the two previous years (1976 on cod and herring and some quantita- 1977). The Commission disallowed ures and tive measures concerning herring, sprats 120 million ECU for the two years. some and fishing in subdivision 22 of the Baltic were compitible with Article 20(1) of Regg- lation No 17U83 of 25 January 1983. The Fisheries Commission also found that a quantitative measure concerning cod, herring quotas for ban on Greenland the first quarter of. t98+ and the fishing fof sprats was compatible with Arti- 2.1.127. In approving a fisheries agree- cle 5(4 of Regulation No 170183 of 25 Janu- ment with Greenland on 20 February the ary 7983. Listly, the Commission found Council completed the negotiations on a quantitative measure on herring to be Greenland's withdrawal from the Com- munity.l 1 Point 1.4.1 et seq. 2 Point 2.4.14; OJ C77,19.3.1984. 2.1 .128. On 77 February Parliament a{op- 3 oJ L s8, 29.2.1984. ted a resolution on Greenland fisheries.z ,l oJ L24, n.1.1983.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Fisheries

compatible with Article 20(1) of Regulation proved4 the- conclusion of the fisheries ag- No 171183 and Article 5(2) of Re[ulation reement with Sao Tome and Principe negor- No 170183. iated last August.s

Senegal External aspects 2.1.137. The fisheries agreemenr between Bilateral relations the Community and Senegal, which was signed on 15 fune 7979,6 came inro force Spain on 6 February./

2.1.132. Fishing rights in their respective zones in 1984 were defined ar the bilateral. Markets and structures talks between the Community and Soain held in Brussels on 13 and 14 February. Market organization These rights are almost identical to the 1983 2.1.138. Commission staff contacted the rights, with the exception of some restric- authorities in an arrempt to stabi- tions on Spanish fishing in Community wat- Fulgarian Iize the trout market in France, which is ers for hake (a reduction has also beenmade threatened with disturbance for by low-priced Community vessels), anchovies and, for imports from Bulgaria. the first time, angler fish and megrim. 2.1.133. On this basis the Commission Structures sent to the Council on 27 Februarv a DroDo- sal for a Regulation laying ao*n,for tiS+ Structural directives the conditions for fishing in Community waters applicable to vessels flying the flag 2.1.139. Pursuanr ro rhe Regulation of 4 of Spain.l October 1983 on a common measure for restructuring, modernizing and developing Sweden the fishing industry and for developing aquaculture,s the Commission adoptid a 2.1.134. On 27 February the Council Regulation on 13 February laying down de- adopted two Regulations under the agree- tailed rules for the implementation of deci- ment on reciprocal fishing rights between sions to grant aid.9 Sweden and the Communily for 1984. One allocates among Member States the catch 2.1.140. On 24 February the Commission quotas for vessels operating in Swedish wat- approved draft Danish measures ro encour- ers. The other lays down the conditions for age the definitive cessation of activity by fishing in Community waters applicable certain fishing vessels,l0 pursuanr to thi Di- - to vessels flying the Swedish fl^g.- rective of 4 October lg8iconcerning certain measurei to adjust capacity in the Tisheries Norutay sector.S 2.1.135. On 13 February the Commission sent the Council a proposal laying down the conditions for fishing for herring in t coM(84) 94 final. the North Sea by vessels flying the flag of z coula+y 67 final. Norway, , pending a scientific opinion on the n oJ c J42, 19.72.t983. situation of North Sea herring-srocks.2 r oJ L s4,2s.2.1984. 5 Bull. EC7t8-1983, point 2.1.162. Sao Tome and Principe , oJ L 234,9.9.1982. 8 oJ L 6s,7.i.1984. 2.1.136. oJ L 2%, ?2.10.1993. After Parliament had given its , oJ L 46, 16.2.1994. opinion,3 on 27 February the Cof,ncil ap- ,o oJ L 64,6.3.1984.

Bull. EC 2-1984 7t Transport

Competition Special measures of Community interest 2.1..141. Under Articles 92 to 94 of the 2.1.144. Taking account of the views ex- EEC Treaty, the Commission decided to pressed by the Committee on Budgets, make no comment on the introduction of pending Parliament's opinion, the Commis- the following draft measures, notified by: iion sent the Council on 28 February an amended proposal2 for a Regulation estab- special measures of C-ommunity in- Federal Republic of Germany lishing terest relating to transport infrastructure.r Renewal and alteration of an aid for conversion and a transitional aid for adiustment paid to Altenwerder fishermen fishing in Approximation of structures lhe Elbe; the proposed budget for these measures is DM 200000 and DM 300000 Railway costing respectively. 2.1.145. The Subcommittee of Railway Costing Experts provided for in the Regula- United Kingdom tion of 19 September 7978laying down uniform costinf principles for railway under- Aid for investments in aquaculture, only for held its second meetingr on 2 Feb- projects which have received aid from the takingsa ruary. The experts agreed on the items to ERCCf Guidance Section under the Coun- be used for the purpose of direct costing. cil Regulation of 4 October 1983 on a common measure for restructuring, modernizing and developing the fishing industry and Technical aspects foi developing aquaculture.l The aid con- 2.1.146.' On 29 February the Economic sists of a iubsidy of not more than 5o/o of and Social Committee endorsed the propo- the cost of the investments. sal for a Council recommendation to the national railway. undertakings on.technical 2.1.142. The Commission decided, subiect matters concerning operation and internal to certain conditions, to terminate the Arti- of frontiers affecting respect an aid barriers to the crossing cle 93(2) procedure in of gbods.6 The in the fishery the international carriage of for produCer's organizations preferred a more Federal Re- Committee would have sector in Schleswig-Holstein, legal instrument with rules for public of Germany. binding making appropriate funds available and called for harmonization of conditions of competition between modes of transport. Transport Operation of the market !nland transport Pricing lnfrastructure 2.1.147.. The Commission decided to publish a study on a system of price indices for 2.1.143. Pending resumption of the Coun- road freight transport within the Commun- cil's work on Community support for ity and the development of methods for transport infrastructure, the Transport Infrastructure Committee meeting on 23 February brought up to date the informa- I oJ L 290, 22.10.1983. tion on the projects likely to be financed in z Point 2.3.3; COM(84)150 final. 3 point 2.1.194' 1984. The Committee also considered the OJ C 34O, 17.12.1983; Bull. EC 12-1983, 4 oJ L 2s8, 2r.9.1978. implementation of the experimental prog- 5 Bull. EC 5-1983, point 2.1.143. ramme from 1985. 6 OJ C X4, 22.9.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983' point 2.1.131.

72 Bull. EC 2-1984 Transport

conducting surveys among international each party to a bilateral agreement has at road hauliers.l least 25% of the market. In addition the Commission would like there to be refer- Fuel supplies ence tariffs, and bracket tariffs within which the airlines are free to fix their rates without 2.1.148. On 77 February Parliament en- seeking government approval. dorsed2 the proposal for a Directive on fuel rationing for commercial transport in a cri- The Commission is proposing that arrange- sis.r It takes the view that it is not essenrial ments between airlines concerning capacity, for frontier traffic (within 50 km of the revenue and joint operations, etc. should be border) to have the same refuelling facilities exempted from the prohibition conrained as other traffic, but that the Member States in Article 85(1) of the Treaty, subject to should be free to decide on this. compliance with certain conditions which will reduce their adverse impact on competition. Air transport In conjunction with this, in order to prevent 2.1.149. On22 February the Commission distortion, the Commission wishes to scruti- approved for transmission to the Council a nize the aids granted by Member States to memorandum proposing a general frame- airlines more closely for consistency with work for a common air transport policy.a the Treaty rules; it lays down new guide- The memorandum seeks to develop and lines in this connection. expand upon the objectives of the 1979 memorandums in the light of the important Lastly, the Commission proposes measures regulatory and economic changes which intended to reduce airline costs (criteria for have taken place and the renewed debate setting airport taxes, customs control form- on possible improvements in the European alities where freight is concerned) and facili- air transport system in the interests of air- tate access to the market for small com- lines and consumers alike. This memor- panies on secondary routes and the opera- andum and the proposals annexed to it are tion of non-scheduled services. intended as a response to the increasingly This memorandum on air transport follows vehement criticism of a system which is regarded by users as being excessively in- on from the one published in 1979s and the flexible and contrary to their interests and, proposals made in 7981.6It fits in with the in certain respects, contrary to the provi- work carried out by the Commission which sions of the Treaty. Only routes between resulted in the adoption of the February Member States are concerned. 1983 memorandum on inland transport.T A memorandum on sea transport is due to be On the basis of the present sysrem of bilat- presented shortly. eral agreements, the Commission proposes that cooperation between airlines should be made more flexible in order to increase their efficiency, and to enable them to make a profit, create iobs and provide services more in line with passengers' requirements. I Road freigbt transport between Member States: a feasibi- lity study a system of price However, although it is seeking to encour- for izdices. Studies Collection, Transport Series No 7, available from the Office for Official age competition between airlines, the Com- Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg. mission is aware of the Member States's , oJ c n, D.3.1984. 3 fears concerning deregulation in this area 4 OJ C 195,22.7.7983; Bull. EC 6-1983,point2.l.226. and the risk of administrative interference coM(84)72 final. 5 Supplement 579 Bull. EC. in relations between airlines. It is therefore 6 OJ C 78,30.3.1982;- Bull. EC Ztg-1981, point 2.1.138. proposing a safety net to guarantee that 7 oJ c 154, 13.6.1983; Bull. EC 2-1983, point 2.1.128.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Energy

International relations in primary energy consumption; electricity production primirily by means of coal and 2.1.150. Following the referendum in nuclear energy; and a reduction in the ratio Switzerland on 26 February, the Commis- between thelate of growth in energy dem- sion issued the following statement to the and and . the rate of growth of national press: product. 'The Commission is concerned about the approval The Commission comes to the conclusion by referendum, of the creation of in Switzerland, progress has been made, a heavy-goods-vehicle tax and a motorway tax to that considerable be imposed from 1985 onwards. in some Member Siates at any rate, but that is still needed in order to with the Swiss Government, a major effort In its earlier contacts The the Commission emphasized that such measures, meet the targets set by the Council.s which could lead to discrimination against nation- Community's top priorities in this respect als of the Community Member States, and fu4h-er should be as follows: to reduce to 0.7 or barriers to frontier-crossing in Europe, should be Iess the average ratio between the rate of avoided. growth in gross primary energy demand The Commission will make its views known to the ind the rate of growth of gross domestic Swiss authorities at a meeting due to be held product; to reduce oil consumption to a shortly in Berne.' Ievel of about 40o/o of. gross primary energy consumption; to cover 70 to7 5o/o of primary produc- energy-by iequirements for electricity Energy tion means of solid fuels and nuclear energy; to encourage the use of renewable imPlementing energy sources so as to increase their contri- Formulating and bution to the Community's energy supplies; a Community energy Policy and the pursuit of energy pricing policies geared to attaining Community energy ob- Special measures of Community interest jectives. relating to energy strategy In addition, to reduce its vulnerability with 2.1.L51. Taking account of the views ex- regard to imported oil-which will still rep- pressed by the Committee on Budgets, pen- reient one third of its energy supplies in ding Parliament's opinion, the Commission 199fthe Community must encourage the seni the Council on 28 FebruarY an development of new oil resources, intensify amended proposall for a Regulation estab- relations with oil-exporting countries, and lishing spEcial measures of Community in- improve its crisis-management arrange- terest relating to energy strategy.z ments. order deal systematically Structural development 2.1.153. In to detail certain aspects of the of the Member Siates' energy policies and in with Member States' energy policies, the Com- 2.1.152. On29 February the Commission mission is to draw up a series of separate approved for transmission to the Council reports for the Council. The first in the a communrcatron reviewing the Member seiies, which it adopted on 2 February, is a States' energy policies3 and a communica- comparative examination of the Member tion analysing- progress .in the structural changes in thele-policies.a In these two papers the Commission gives a full analysisbf energy policies and assesses to what extent they have made it possible I Point 2.3.3; COM(84) 150 final. 2 Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.1.209. changes OJ C 344, 20.12.1983i to move towards the structural 3 COM(84) 88 final. which the Council has set as targets to be 4 COM(84) 87 final. achieved by 1990:s a reduction in oil's share 5 OJ C 149, 18.6.1980; Bull. EC 5-1980' point 2.1.1'10.

74 Bull. EC 2-1984 Research and development

States' energy-saving programmes.l These Research and development reports will provide much of the basis for the discussions on the next stages of Com- Council munity energy policy. 2.1.156. The Council meeting of Research The energy situation in the Community Ministers on 28 February adopted the Deci- sion concerning the Esprit programme.s 2.1.154. On 15 February the Commission The urgent need to begin implementing rhis sent the Council a report entitled 'The en- programme immediately and to ensure that ergy situation in the Community: situation it receives adequate financing for its entire 1983 outlook 1984'.2 This essentially fac- duration poses the problem of financing the tual report- indicates that energy consump- other Community research programmes. In tion in the Community fell (by 1%) in 1983 this connection the Council undertook to for the fourth consecutive year, reaching a start discussions, on the basis of Commis- Ievel of around 883 million toe, the lowest sion proposals, on the priorities of Com- level since 1975, oil's share falling from munity research. Once the priorities be- 54.5Yo in 1979 to 47o/o in 1983. In addition, tween the various projects had been estab- energy production in the Community incre- lished and the decisions concerning the ased by just over 4o/o to the record level of funds at the Community's disposal were 515 million toe. As a result, net imporrs of known, it would be possible to draw up an energy have been reduced from460/o to 42o/o overall budget for the Community's re- of total energy demand, compared with the search activities up to 1988. increases of. 55o/o in 7979 and 640/o in 7973. The Council also adopted a Decision on the The outlook for 1984 is a 2o/o growrh in revision of the programme of research on GDP, which for the first time in five years the environment.6lt approved the Commis- should result in a slight increase in energy sion communication on a first plan for consumption. Oil demand should remain stimulating European scientific and techni- stable, while the production of nuclear- cal cooperation and interchange, and adop- based electricity should increase by 72o/o. ted a number of guidelines.T Lastly, it adop- There may be a slight increase in natural ted conclusions on the development of gas consumption and a slight reduction in biotechnological activities in Europe.s consumption of solid fuel. The Commun- ity's net dependence on imports should therefore remain unchanged. Development of the common policy

Coordination of national policies problems Specific 2.1.157. The Scientific and Technical Re- search Committee (CREST), meeting in Alternative energy sources Brussels on 15 and 77 February, continued and energy saving discussing the Commission's proposal for a Council Decision adopting a Community 2.1.155. Without waiting for the political decision by the Council on rhe muliiannual financing of demonstration projects, the Commission published a notice, as did it I COM(84) 35 final. in March 1983,3 for potentially interested 2 COM(84) 63 final. firms and local authoiities, setting out the 3 OJ C 86, 28.3.1983; Bull. EC 3-1983, point 2.1.164. conditions concerning the granting of finan- 1 oJ c 42, 15.2.1984. 5 Points 2.4.16 and 1.3.1 to 1.3,11. cial support from the Community for vari- 6 project, Point 2.7.762. ous types of and an invitation to 7 Point 2.1.163. submit project proposals.4 8 Point 2.1.30.

Bull. EC 2-1984 75 Research and development programme for the development of the what it achieved during its five years of ipeJialized information market in Europe.l existence. The members of lrdac, who are It took the view that in the circumstances to be appointed in a personal capacity, will the Commission document should be up- be seleited with a view to providing a wide dated and should specify, in particular, the range of industrial experience: they will work programme and priorities during the come from the public sector, private enter- first phase of implementation of the propo- prise and research institutes, and will in- sed programme. ilude people with special knowledge of the social aspects of the new technologies. International cooperation Improving the management COST proiects of energy resources 2.1.158. On 20 February, after Parlia- 2.1.160. The Euratom Scientific and Tech- ment2 and the Economic and Social Com- nical Committee, meeting on 77 February, mittee had delivered favourable opinions, endorsed a Commission draft concerning a the Council adopted a Decision authorizing third (1985-89) programme of shared-cost the commission to negotiate an agreement research on the management and storage of between the Community and the non-mem- radioactive waste. The Committee stressed ber countries taking part in European co- the importance of this staff paper, from a operation in the field of scientific and tech- safety ind environmental protection stand- nical research (COST) on the implementa- point, for the development of nuclear,en- tion of a concerted-action proiect on the irgy in the Community. It acknowledged, in use of lignocellulose-containing by-prod- particular, the need to include underground animal storage experiments in the programme. feeding. 2.1.161. An international seminar on 'En- CREST had endorsed the corresponding ergy conservation in industry', organized by Commission proposal.3 the Commission in collaboration with the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure, was held in Diisseldorf from 13 to 15 February. It high- Scientific and technical objectives lighted the results of the energy conservation projects carried out under the Commu- Promoting industrial competitiveness nity's second energy R6cD programme: between 7979 and 1983 more than 85 contracts 2.1.159. On29 February the Commission concerning new techniques of energy saving decided to set up an Industrial Research and in industry were concluded. The seminar (lrdac), Development Advisory Committee presented the results of these contracts to whose task it is to advise on the framing iepresentatives of national authorities, pub- policy and implementation of Community lic bodies and industrial and financial or- with regard to industrial research and devel- ganizations. opmeni (including its industrial and social repercussions;.4 This Committee replaces thi Advisory Committee on Industrial Re- search and Development (Cordi), which was set up by the Commission Decision of 29 June 1978.s I OJ C 328, 2.12.1983; Bull. EC l1-1983' point 2.1.35. 2 Cordi was oJ cn,D.3.1984. The main purpose of recasting 3 Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.182. to improve the efficiency of the Committee's 1 ol L 66, 8.3.1984. operition while preserving and building on 5 oJ L 303, 27.7.1978.

76 Bull. EC 2-1984 Research and development

Improving living and working in the Commission communicationT and re- conditions quested the Commission to put forward a proposal based on the following guidelines: Enuironment '(i) stimulation measures should, without from the outset excluding any particular scientific and 2.1.152. The Council approved,l after technological field, relate to subiects selected on Parliament had endorsedz the Commis- the basis of precise criteria where there is a most sion's proposal,3 a Decision on the revision obvious need for the development of exchanges; of the 1981-85 programme of research on (ii) the industrial scientific community will be the environment (environmental protection involved in this programme in accordance with and climatology). arrangements to be determined; The purpose of this Decision is to step up (iii) the stimulation plan should be implemented very flexibly and efficiently by means of research research under programme work the adop- grants, contracts twinning teams or laboratories ted in 1981,4 with partiiulai reference io and measures to encourage the professional integ- the problems of acid rain and the manage- ration of young researchers into industry; ment of toxic and hazardous waste. To this (iv) in addition to the above steps, proposals end, the funds estimated to be needed for should be drawn up on horizontal support meas- carrying out the programme were increased ures to encourage mobility; from 42 million to 49.3 million ECU. (v) cooperation with partners in non-EEC Euro- pean countries should be envisaged in line with Council Europe initiatives with Improving the effectiveness of in this area, such new partners then sharing in the costs of any of the Community's scientifc such expanded operation; the Commission should and technical potential define the arrangements, which could be progressive, for such expansion; 2.1.163. On 6 February the Commission (vi) the these transmitted Council considers that stimulation to the Council, as the basis for measures should cover a significant number of preliminary discussion by Research Minis- researchers in the Community and requests the ters, a communication setting out a first Commission to draw up the relevant financial esti- paln for stimulating European scientific and mates on the basis of a precise programme. technical cooperation interchange.s In this The Council wishes to be able to take a decision paper the Commission draws the first les- on the Commission proposals at its meeting on sons from the pilot projects conducted in research on29 May 1984.' 1983 and outlines a multiannual prog- 7 ramme.6 This programme, which couid be 2.1.165. On February the Committee for launched in 1985, would seek both to incre- the European Development of Science and ase the mobility of research workers within Technology met once more under the chair- the Community and cooperation between manship of Professor Colombo, Chairman research teams and to offer young scientists of the ENEA (ltalian National Alternative new opportunities in the field of training or Energy Authority).8 The Committee agreed research.

2.1.154. On 28 February the Council had a very constructive exchange of views on the question of stimulating the interchange and mobility of research workers in Europe. I The Decision was formally adopted on 1 March: OJ L 71,14.3.1984. The Council first of all expressed its satis- 2 oJ c 77,19.3.1984. faction at the way in which 3 oJ c 274,13.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.160. the experimen- 4 tal stage of the programme, decided upon oJ L 101, 11.4.1981; Bull. EC 3-1981, point 2.1.150. 5 coM(84) 46 final. on 28 19836 and still under way, is June , OJ C 182,8.7.1983;Bull. EC 6-1983, point 2.1.259. being implemented. As regards the new 7 Point 2.1.153. stage, the Council agreed on the main points 8 Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.1983.

Bull. EC 2-1984 EC and applicant countries on additional measures to publicize the This committee had the task of: evaluating second call for proposals under the stimula- the merits and. impact of the programme in tion programme and initiated the procedure relation to the targets already set; assessing for setting up a network of anonymous overall administrative efficiency, including 'referees' who would have an important the selection of candidates, eligibility cri- part to play in assessing the proposals.l It teria and the choice of subject areas to be also gave its backing to the Commissions's covered by the advanced-training courses; communication of 5 February.2 and making the necessary recommendations for laying down future programme guide- Horizontal activities lines.

Assessrnent of re search 2.1.166. In February a group of independent outside experts completed their assessment of the Community scientific and 1 oJ c 29,4.2.1984; Bull. EC l-1984, point 2.1.118. technical training programme. 2 Point2.l.163.

2. Enlargement and external relations

Enlargement and bilateral delegation presented a statement on specific relations with transitional measures for a first group of agricultural products: cereals and rice, beef applicant countries and veal, milk and milk products, pigmeat, sheepmeat and goatmeat. The Portuguese meeting 20 and 21 Febru- 2.2.1. At its on delegation presented a statement on agricul- (Foreign heard a ary the Council affairs) tural structures in response to that made by report by Mr Natali and took stock of the the Community on 23 January.l siruation in the accession negotiations. The President of the Council asked the Member States to make every effort to enable the Pre-accession aid negotiations to be completed by 30 Sep- 2.2.3. On 28 February the Commission tember. recommended that the Council accord pre- accession aid to Portugal for structural im- Portugal provements in agriculture and fisheries.2 The grant proposed by the Commission Accession negotiations 2.2.2. At the 28th meeting of the Confer- ence at deputy level, which was held in I Bull. EC 1-1984, point 2.2.1. Brussels on 24 February, the Community 2 coM(84) 9}final.

78 Bull. EC 2-1984 Commercial policy amounts to 50 million ECU. The proposal cal light while not forgetting the specific follows on from the Commission's July problems of such a highly complex area as 1983 communication and is to provide a agriculture. link between aid already supplied and aid Mr Natali also announced that around mid- be called give the Community will upon to March the Commission would be in a posi- Portugal after accession to prepare for the tion to present to the Council its proposals application of Community rules to Portu- on another major sector-fisheries. guese agriculture and fisheries.l

Spain Commercial policy

Accession negotiations lmplementing the common commercia! policy 2.2.4. The 19th meeting of the Conference at ministerial level was held in Brussels on C o mmercia I po I icy i nstru ments 21 February under the chairmanship of Mr Cheysson, French Minister of External Rel- A new instrument ations and President of the Council. The Spanish delegation was headed by Mr 2.2.5. On 20 and 27 February the Council Morin, the Foreign Minister. discussed once morez the Commission's proposal policy The Community presented a statement on for a new commercial in- agricultural which proposed a transitional strument which would provide- a defence against unfair trading practices,r but again period of 10 years for the progressive application of the common agricultural policy. failed to reach agreement on the decision- procedures. The transitional period would in two phases making (four and six years) for fresh fruit and vegetables to allow mechanisms to be set up in Easing of restrictive measures Spairi enable the common organization to 2.2.6. Under the Council Regulation of 14 the market in these products to operate. of November 1983 on import arrangements for For trade in certain sensitive products, a products originating in State-trading coun- established surveillance system would be iries, not liberalized at Community level,a a the negotiations. and list drawn up during the Commission took decisions opening the great The Spanish delegation expressed con- following quotas: cern over the transitional period for fresh fruit and vegetables in particular. Italy-Hungary/Poland: unwrought aluminium, not alloyed, containing 99.99o/o alu- Spain also presented statements on the cus- minium.J toms arrangements for the Canary Islands, social affairs and fisheries (prepared or pre- Italy-People's Republic of China: hand-em- served fish, crustaceans and molluscs). broidered silk nightdresses for women. Speaking on behalf of the Commission, Mr Trade protection Natali underlined that, with the statement on agriculture, the ministerial meeting had 2.2.7. The trade protection measures reached a long-awaited turning-point and taken in February are shown in Table 7. provided a crucial opportunity which the Commission would not fail to seize in order I to make an even more active contribution to Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point 2.2.1. 2 the progress of the negotiations. Mr Natali Bull. EC 10-1983, point2.2.7. 3 OJ C 83,25.3.1983; Bull. EC 2-1983, points 1.3.1 to 1.3.8. made the further point that the Community 1 oJ L 346, 8.12.1983. statement had to be seen in a general politi- 5 oJ c 39, 14.2.1984.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Commercial policy

TableT - Trade protection nteasures Council Commission

Definitiue anti-dumping duty imposed on: Concrete reinforcing bars originating in Spain oJ L 33, 4.2.1984 (provisional duty: OJ L 303, 5.11.1983) Prouisional dnti-dumping duties imposed on: Vinyl acetate monomer originating in Canada oJ L 58, 29.2.1984 (initiation of proceeding: OJ C 180, 17.7.1983) Hardboard originating in the Soviet Union oJ L 51, 2.3.1984 (notice of review: OJ C 154, 4.7.1981) Re-opening of anti-dumping proceeding concerning irnpotts of: Hardboard originating in the Soviet Union oJ L 51, 2.3.1984 (notice of review: OJ C 154, 4.7.1981) Copper sulphate originating in Czechoslovakia oJ c 55, 28.2.1984 (acceptance of undertaking: OJ L 281, 13.10.1983) Opening of anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of: Asbestos-cement corrugated sheets originating in the German Democratic Republic or Czechoslovakia oJ c 55, 28.2.1984 Termination of anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of: Non-alloyed unwrought aluminium originating in Norway, the Soviet Union, Suriname or Yugoslavia ol L 57, 28.2.7984 (initiation of proceeding: OJ C 32, 5.2.1983; OJ C 206, 2.8.1983)

Treaties and trade agreements: given by the Council on 29 November,2 new extension or automatic renewal steel arrangements were signed with South Africa (14 February), Romania and Czecho- 2.2.8. On 6 February the Council adopted slovakia (16 February), South Korea (17 a Decision authorizing the automatic re- February) and Hungary (n February); ar- newal or continuation in force of certain rangements were also initialled with Bul- trade agreements between Mbmber States garia (3 February) and Australia (20 Febru- and non-member countries.l ary). Negotiations with Brazil (on pig iron), Spain and the EFTA countries are continuing. Sectoral commercial policy measures lron and steel products Arrangements with non-member countries

2.2.9. Following negotiations conducted I oJ L,{O, 11.2.1984. 7 by the Commission on the basis of a brief Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.2.11.

80 Bull. EC 2-1984 Relations with industrialized countries

2.2.10. A Commission delegation was in Textile products Tokyo on 23 and 24 February for one of the six-monthly meetings of the EEC-Japan Agreements and arrangements contact group, paving the way for the re- with non-member countries newal of the 'special uriderstanding'. Me dit er rane an p refe renti al c ountr i e s 2.2.11. On 10 February the Commission 2.2.14. Following negotiations with Malta adopted a communication amending the on 27 February an agreement covering trade basic import prices of a number of iron and in textiles for the period 1984-85 was signed steel products.l on 29 February. The new prices replace those adopted in 2.2.15. Consultations were also held with November 1982,2 and came into effect on Morocco (10 February) and Tunisia (15 15 February. They take account not only of February) on a number of management currency fluctuations but also of the deci- questions. sion at the beginning of 1983 to classify cold-rolled plates of a thickness of 3 mm or more as an ECSC product.3 Relations with industrialized countries United States measures concerning special steels Quadripartite meeting 2.2.12. On 5 February the Council adop- 2.2.15. On 3 and 4 February a further ted4 a Commission proposals for a Regula- quadripartite meetingT was held in Miami, tion suspending tariff concessions and in- Florida. The United States Representative creasing duties under the Common Customs for Trade Negotiations, Mr William Brock, Tariff with regard to certain products orig- Canada's Minister of State for International inating in the United States of America, and Trade, Mr Gerald Regan, Japan's Minister establishing quantitative restrictions with of International Trade and Industry, Mr Hikosaburo Okonogi, and Haferkamp, regard to other products originating in that Mr Vice-President of the Commission attended. country. These measures are designed to compensate for injury caused by the restric- The discussions concentrated ori major topical matters such as worldwide protec- tions imposed by the United States in July 1983 on the Community's exports of special tionist tendencies and the proposal which steels. the United States and Japan have put forward for a new round of multilateral negoti- On27 February the Commission adopted a ations. Regulation allocating among the Member States the quotas established in connection United States with the new quantitative restrictions.6 Council staternent on protectionist trends Steel Arrangement with the United States 2.2.17. On 27 February the Council expressed its concern over mounting demands 2.2.13. On 20 and2t February the Council took note request Greece be of a by to 1 oJ c 37, t1.2.1984. allowed to increase its steel exports to the 2 3 oJ L 321,17.11.1982; Bull. EC 11-1982, point 2.1.19. United States. The Council agreed to con- 1 OJ L 56,3.3.1983; Bull. EC 2-1983, point 2.1.17. sider the matter once the Commission had Point 2.2.18; OJ L 40,11.2.1984. 5 Bull. EC 1-1984, point2.2.t6. the information needed to enable it to take 6 oJ L s7,28.2.1994. a decision. 7 Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.2.13.

Bull. EC 2-1984 81 Relations with industrialized countries for protectionist measures in the United (i) a 5.4 point increase in the customs duty States. Its statement read as follows: on methanol (currently 73.5'/o) and vinyl 'The Council took note with disquiet of the rising acetate (currently 13.2o/o) and a 6.7 point. tide ofBrotectionist pressures in the United States. increase in the duty on signalling devices Escape-clause petitions have been filed on a range such as burglar and fire alarms (currently of important products including steel and 5% ); Community imports of these products footwear. Recently anti-dumping and countervail- from the USA have been worth an annual ing duty investigations have been opened against average of some USD 57 million in recent imports of wine from the European Community. years; Shortly the US Administration will be deciding on a petition by the US machine tool industry to limit (ii) quantitative restrictions on imports of imports. These and other actions cover USD 4700 the following: styrene (quota of 25.6 million million worth of European Community exports to ECU), certain grades of polyethylene (13.5 the United States. million ECU), sporting and target shooting The Council recognized that on a number of issues guns, rifles and carbines (7.4 million ECU), the US Administration had taken a firm stand gymnasium and athletics equipment and against protectionist pressures. They had opposed (7.5 ECU); domestic content legislation, proposals for a global snow skis million Community 15% limitation of steel imports and the Wine imports of these goods were worth approxi- Equity Bill. mately 78 million ECU in 1982; the quotas Nevertheless the picture is still alarming. The will place a ceiling of around 54 million Council's view is that the present difficulties in ECU on imports of these products from certain sectors of the US economy cannot be resol- March 1984 to March 1985. ved by protectionist measures. This is even more striking given the relatively more favourable econ- The import quotas in question were allo- omic situation in the US than in Europe. Such cated among the Member States by the measures could lead to a dangerous increase in Commission on 27 February.a trade restrictions and to a rapid erosion of the measures adopted by Community open multilateral trading system, which has had The the the support of the US and Europe for the past four were examined at GATT Council meetings decades and on which the basis of world prosperity on 7 and 28 February (the second a special has depended. . meeting called at the request of the United The Council therefore stresses the crucial import- States).s During bilateral consultations ance it attaches to a strict adherence to the commit- which preceded the second meeting, ad- ments entered into at Williamsburg and other justments and consultation procedures were meetings "to halt protectionism and, as recovery agreed on to ensure that the countervailing proceeds, reverse by dismantling trade bar- to it measures taken by the Community are sub- riers". Here the Community has already given a lead and hopes it will be followed.' stantially equivalent to the protectionist measures introduced by the United States. US measures concerning special steels Wine 2.2.18. To compensate for the restrictive 2.2.19. The Commission reacted sharply measures taken by the United States in July to the US Department of Commerce's an- 1983 against imports of special steels from nouncement that it was to open anti-dump- the Communityl the Council, on a proposal ing and countervailing duty investigations from the Commission,2 adopted a Regula- against certain French and ltalian table tion on 6 February3 which iuspended cer- wtnes.o tain tariff concessions, increased certain customs duties and established quantitative restrictions with regard to certain products I Bull. EC 7/8-1983, point 2.2.38 et seq. originating in the United States. 2 Bull. Ec 1-1984, poinr2.2.16. 3 measures the year oJ L 40,1t.2.1994. The Community for first 1 oJ L s7,29.2.1984. of application (1 March 1984 to 28 February 5 Point 2.2.52. 1985) are as follows: 6 Bull. EC 1-1984, poinr2.2.2l.

82 Bull. EC 2-1984 Relations with industrialized countries

The followi1B press release was issued: February. The Commission delegation po- ' inted to the growing imbalances in 'The Commission has been informed that the US Japan's Department of Commerce has decided to open trade with the rest of the world and with anti-dumping and countervailing investigations the Community in particular, stressing the against the import of ordinary table wine from need for the policy statements made in the France and Italy. Such investigations will cover Japanese Parliament at the end of 1983 and over USD 300 million in trade value and could the Prime Minister, affect the livelihood of at least one million full- again in February by time wine-growers in the EEC. Mr Yasuhiro Nakasone, to be acted upon. In this regard, the Commission asked the The Commission regrets the acceptance of the authorities to consider some re- petitions since they did not fulfil the conditions set Japanese out in the relevant codes of the GATT. In particu- quests concerning certification standards lar, there is no evidence that petitioners were suffic- and procedures, market access for agricul- iently representative of the US ordinary table wine tural and industrial products, improvement industry to bring such a complaint nor was any of the distribution system, action against proof of dumping, nor of injury, sub- convincing use trade mitted by the US industry concerned. counterfeiting and improper of marks, and access to banking and service The Commission has already taken steps to let the activities. The discussions also covered US Administration know about its concern and and monetary issues (likeli- will be following the procedures of the Department macroeconomic of Commerce and the US International Trade hood of a surplus on current account, value Commission very closely. of the yen), cooperation in science and tech- cooperation. The European Commission will ensure that the nology and industrial interests of the Community are fully safeguarded, and that the provisions and obligations of the Austria GATT codes are fully respected. The Community wine policy's essential aim is to 2.2.21. The Austrian Vice-Chancellor, Mr maintain market equilibrium by withdrawing, Norbert Steger, paid an official visit to the through storage and distillation, surplus produc- Commission on 5 February and met Mr tion from the market in order to stabilize prices Haferkamp, Mr Naries and Mr and to improve quality. These measures do not Thorn, Mr have the effect of depressing prices and do not lead Dalsager. The main points discussed were to an increase in exports, There are no refunds for the EFTA-Community ministerial meeting wine exported to the American continent. scheduled for 9 April, the enlargement of The Commission believes that a decision to con- the Community and its consequences for clude positively on these investigations could lead Austria, the Austrian trade deficit (particu- to a series of escalating anti-dumping and counter- larly with regard to agricultural products) vailing duties and other protectionist measures in and transport. the agricultural sector, with wide-ranging consequences for US-Community trade relations.

In 1983 the EEC exported USD 3 700 million worth Switzerland of agricultural products to the US and imported USD 9500 million from the US, of which USD 2.2.22. The Commission issued a state- 5 000 million was for soyabean and meal, USD 750 ment to the press following Switzerland's million for maize (corn) and USD 500 million for approval of a proposal to introduce a heavy- corn gluten feed.' goods-vehicle tax and a motorway tax from 1985.r Japan

High -leu el consultations 2.2.20. The 23rd round of high-level consultations between the Community and Japan was held in Tokyo from 13 to 15 I Point 2.1.150.

Bull. EC 2-1984 83 Relations with other countries and regions

Relations with other countries on 20 February under the chairmanship of and regions Mr Claude Cheysson, the Frehch Forlign Minister and President of the Council.T The Israeli delegation was led by Mr Yitzhak Med iterranean cou ntries Shamir, Prime Minister and Foreign Minis- ter. The Commission was represented by Cyprus Mr Haferkamp. 2.2.23. On 23 and 24 February a delega- The Cooperation Council examined various tion of senior Commission officials held matters relating to the application of the talks in Nicosia with the Cypriot authorities EEC-Israel Agreement, including trade in order to explore and clarify a number of trends and implementation of financial, in- technical and economic questions with a dustr-ial, agricultural and scientific coopera- view to future negotiations between the tion.E With regard to improvements in trade Community and Cyprus on setting up a arrangements, the community could not customs unlon.' give a positive response to Israeli requests, in view of the current discussions on re- 2.2.24. On 17 February Parliament endor- structuring the common agricultural policy sed2 the proposal sent by the Commission and the comprehensive assessment under to the Council last September for the con- way of relations with the Mediterranean clusion of a protocol on financial and tech- countries. However, it proposed various nical co-operation between the EEC and technical measures in the field of trade. Cyprus.r With regard to financial cooperation, the Israeli delegation expressed satisfaction at Yugoslavia the signing of the second Financial Protocol (40 million ECU from the EIB's own resour- 2.2.25. A 66.3 million ECU loan to Yugo- ces), which entered into force on 1 slavia for modernizing the Trans-Yugoslav January.9 Its request for an extension financial Railwaya used up the remainder of the 200 of cooperation will be examined by the Com- million ECU in loans from the EIB's own munity in the context of all the financial resources provided for under the Financial protocols the Mediterranean coun- Protocol which entered into force in with July tries. 1980.5 The Israeli delegation also repeated its con- Jordan cern at the effects which the Community's enlargement will have on Israel's exports 2.2.25. A delegation of senior Commis- of agricultural products. The Cooperation sion officials visited Jordan f.rom 12 to 77 Council agreed on the need for more inten- February. The visit was a follow-up to last sive and specific consultations in the ex- year's talks in Brussels between Mr Pisani ploratory talks with the Commission, so ind HRH Crown Prince Hassan of Jordan.6 that the Community would have the neces- The discussions in Amman centred on the sary information to enable it to establish, bilateral Cooperation Agreement and ways before the conclusion of the accession nego- of further strengthening cooperation in fi- 1 elds such as energy, science and technology, 2 Bull. Ec l-1984, point 2.2.L3. industry, agriculture and manpower. oJ c 77,19.3.1984. 3 oJ c 255, 73.9.7983; Bull. EC 7/8-198i, poinr 2.2.52i Mr Thorn is to pay an official visit to Bull. EC 9-7983, point 2.2.22. 1Poinr2.4.36. Jordan and Egypt early in March. s Bull. Ec 4-1980, point 2.2.49. 5 Bull. EC7 /8-1983, point 2.2.56. Israel 7 Second meeting: Bull. EC 10-1980, point 2.2.52. t Seventeenth Gcneral Rcport, point 578; Bull. EC 5-1983, 2.2.27. The EEC-lsrael Cooperation point 2.2.32. Council held its third meeting in Brussels r Bull. EC 6-1983, point 2.2.41.

84 Bull. EC 2-1984 Development

tiations, policy guidelines for maintaining eign Minister, Mr Luis Valencia Rodriguez, mutually satisfactory relarions, particularly who had been instructed by the President in the agricultural sphere. of Ecuador, Mr Osvaldo Hurtado, ro inform the 2.2.28. Following the meeting of the Co- Community and its Member Srares operation Council Mr Thorn received Mr of the Quito Declaratioir. Shamir on 21 February. Their talks centred This Declaration, in which the Latin Ameri- chiefly on matters relating to the enlarge- can countries state their view of the world ment of the Community and the situation economic crisis and its consequences for in the Middle East. Latin America-, was adopted in January following a conference in Quito ittended by very senior political figures representing 25 Asia Latin American and Caribbean counrries. The principal request of the Latin American Pakistan countries is that the industri alized counrries 2.2.29. The eighth meetingl of the EEC- show flexibility as regards the rescheduling Pakistan Joint Commission set up under of their foreign debt and renounce any pro- the Commercial Cooperation AgreCment of tectionist or discriminatory measures in re- 19762 took place in lilamabad on 25 Febru- spect of T,aiin American exporrs. ary under the chairmanship of Mr Izharul Haque, Pakistan's Secretary of Commerce. It expressed satisfaction with the operation Development of the bilateral textile agreement and noted the diversification of Pakistan's exports under the generalized Negotiations for a new preferences scheme, ACP-EEC convention in particular the encouraging growth of exports of industrial products.s 2.2.32. The seconds ministerial session of The Joint Commission reviewed the Com- the ACP-EEC conference negotiating the munity's aid programme for Pakistan, renewal of the Lom6 Convention took place which is concentrated on financing inte- in Brussels on 9 and 10 February, jointly grated development programmes in chaired by Mr Claude Cheysson, President Baluchistan. of the Council of the European Communi- ties, and Mr Hugh Shearer (Jamaica), Presi- 2.2.30. On 28 February the Commission dent of the ACP Council. The Commission requested authorization from the Council was represented by Mr Edgard Pisani, to open negotiations with Pakistan with Member with special responsibility for dev- a view to concluding a commercial and elopment. economic coope-ration agreement.4 The cur- The conference rent Agreementz was to expire in June 1981 was an important milestone but remained in force by virtue of an auto- in the negotiations. The mood was con- matic extension clause. The new agreement, structive, and the Community was well sat- scheduled like its predecessor to last for isfied with the ourcome. Theie was a broad a period of five years, would also cover measure of consensus between the two sides economic cooperation and development co- regerding both the aims of cooperation operation. including the importance of rural develop-- ment and food security - and its underly- Latin America

I Seventh meeting: Bull. EC 4-1983, point Ecuador 2.2.31. i OJ I- 168,28.6.1976;Tenth General Report, point 549. 3 oJ L 299,26.11.1979. 2.2.31. On2l February Mr Thorn and Mr 4 coM(84) 9t final. Haferkamp received the Ecuadorian For- 5 Bull. EC 10-1983, point 1.2.1 et seq.

Bull. EC 2-1984 85 Development ing principles: respect for each party's sov- policy to tackle the twin scourges of ereignty and policy decisions; equal partner- drought and desertification in Africa. shipl interdependence - much stressed by The conference hoped to see further sub- tnd ncp; ani the need to have regard to stantial progress mide before its third ses- mutual interests. sion, to be held in Fiii from 2 to 4 May. One maior step forward concerned poJl-cy dialogue, the approach being advocated by Commodities and the Communiry- to maximize the effectiv- international agreements eness of ACP-EEC cooperation. The ACP initial reaction was one of suspi- Group's Cocoa cion, but the ACP ministers at the conference heard the Community's explanations 2.2.34. At the meeting of the International with interest and will be examining them Cocoa Council in March the Community further. and its Member States will have to decide along with the other contracting parties human rights, the parties w-ere in agree- On whet-her a conference should be convened the importance of respect tor ment about Geneva in May to take over from the man and the relevance of in the dignity of Preparatory Committeel and negotiate a this connection. The ACP developmint in fourth Inteinational Cocoa Agreement. The however, in asserting the ex- went further, third Agreement came into Force in 19812 istence of a 'right to development' which and will expire on 30 September this year. should be embodied in the next convention, and the need to link the human rights issue 2.2.35. Preparations for the conference with the situation in southern Africa. The started at the end of 1983,3 continuing in two sides are little nearer substantive agree- London from 23 January to 3 February, ment, therefore, but the issue remains open. when the Preparatory Committee discussed matters such^ as posiibl. buffer-stock and The ACP raised the question of the amount supply-management mechanisms for a new of monev to be made available under the price stabilization agreement, and operating new convention. They do not want to see rules. this point left out of the negotiations until the 1lth hour, attaching considerable im- On that occasion the producing countries, portance to the actual volume of aid as and also many of the ionsumers, indicated well as the possible adjustments needed to their preference for an agreement combin- heighten its efficiency. ing tlie two possible types of stabilization mechanism stocks and quotas. 2.2.33. The conference heard reports by - 2.2.36. In a communication to the Council two ministerial working parties on progress dated 15 February the Commission asked in specific areas of ACP-EEC cooperation. for authorization to negotiate a fourth In- It cilled on the negotiators to continue the ternational Cocoa Agreement.a work and lose no time in beginning discussions on points not yet raised, including After a review of past international arrange- commodities, Stabex, fisheries and tourism. ments and a look ahead to the prospects The reports identified some of the trickier for the world cocoa trade, the Commission issues, iuch as the ACP request for preferen- expressed its preference for an agr€ement tial access to available Community food baied essentially on an international buffer surpluses, and the question of ACP students stock operating within a framework of pri- and migrant workers in the Community. The ACP Group made statements on sou- I Point 2.2.35. thern Africa, the International Cocoa Ag- 2 Fifteenth General Rcport, point 665. reement and the sugar protocol, and appea- 3 Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.2.52. led to the Community for a coordinated 4 COM(84) 76 final.

86 Bull. EC 2-1984 Development ces to be set by the International Cocoa Convention L980, constituting the Interna- Council. Once the stock approached its fin- tional Wheat Agreement.I ancial ceiling, a system of export quotas would come into play, the proposal being that the two mechanisms should operate in Food aid such a way as to provide a series of fallback positions from which to combat the destabi- Emergency operations production lizing effects of the surpluses 2.2.40. The Commission approved the fol- forecast before the end of the decade. lowing emergency food aid operations The Commission stressed that it was neces- under Article 927 of the budget: sary to decide soon on the broad outlines Tunisia:4000 tonnes of cereals worth an of a common Community position. estimated 528 000 ECU are to go to those hardest hit by the worsening food shortages, 2.2.37. The Council took note of the particularly in the south and north-west of communication its 20-27 Commission at the country. February meeting and said it would approve a common position in March to enable the Latin America and Caribbean: Emergency Community to take part in the negotiations. food aid is to be sent via NGOs to relieve the shortages caused by bad weather in Haiti (2000 tonnes of cereals), Nicaragua Coffee (1 000 tonnes of cereals) and Peru (300 tonnes of skimmed-milk powder). The total 2.2.38. At the meeting of the International estimated value of the aid is 7.2 million Coffee Organization's Executive Board held ECU. in London from 13 to 22 February four working parties took a preliminary look at Sahbl: As a back-up to the emergency aid a variety of complex issues, including ways for Africa approved in December,2 Mali is of matching the supply of different types of to get 5000 tonnes of cereals, Senegal 400 coffee to demand, rules for redistributing tonnes of skimmed-milk powder and Cape shortfalls among exporting countries during Verde the sum of 500 000 ECU to purchase the marketingyear, the possibility of a rev- beans. The total value of the aid, allocated iew of the quota for imports from countries in response to an FAO appeal on behalf of which are not parties to the Agreement, and drought-afflicted African countries, is put the coordination of exporting countries' at 1.7 million ECU. production policies. They also discussed the forthcoming inquiry by the Executive Direc- Emergency aid tor into sales by exporting member countries to non-member countries at prices con- 2.2.41. Following the damage caused in siderably undercutting their own domestic Mozambique by Cyclone Domoina-tens prices, a practice which undermines the Ag- of thousands of people were left homeless, reement and is causing concern to all mem- Maputo's water supplies cut off, and crops bers. The working parties considered pos- destroyed-the Commission decided in sible countermeasures, to be recommended February under Article 950 of the budget to to the International Cocoa Council in April. provide 500 000 ECU of emergency aid for the supply of essential relief goods. The aid Wheat will be channelled through the Commission Delegation in Swaziland, in collaboration 2.2.39. On 20 February the Commission with local organizations. sent the Council a proposal for the conclusion of the Protocols 1981 for the sixth extension of the Wheat Trade Convention I CoM(84) 7o final. l97l and the first extension of the Food Aid z Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.2.54.

Bull. EC 2-1984 87 Development

2.2.42. At its February part-session Parlia- 1983 appropriations for Article 930 of the ment appealed for humanitarian aid to be budget: sent to Vietnam and the Yemen Arab Re- Honduras: project to consolidate agrarian public.l reform in the southern region (Choluteca and Valle departments)-an 11 million ECU Trade promotion project cofinanced with Belgium; Commun- ity contribution 9 million ECU. Trade fairs Indonesia: West Pasaman autonomous irri- 2.2.43. The Salon mondial du tourisme et gation scheme-total cost 10.44 million des uoyages took place in Paris from 10 to 19 ECU; Community contribution 7.5 million February, with many popular or potential ECU. tourist destinations represented, among them 11 ACP States, whose stands had been mounted by the Commission as part of the Relations with NGOs regional trade promotion programme. 2.2.47. At 29 Febru ary 177 admissible projects totalling 22.5 million ECU had been Trade missions submitted to the Commission. To date, 2.2.44. The Commission arranged a Paki- grant aid of 3.5 million ECU has been com- stani trade mission to Europe and a Singa- mitted f.or 27 projects. pore mission to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and addition, 13 campaigns to inform the Dubai. In European public about development issues have been cofinanced at a cost of 60000 Financia! and technical ECU. cooperation lnstitutions ACP States and OCT 2.2.45. In Fdbruary the Commission took ACP-EEC institutions decisions involving the allocation of fourth and fifth EDF resources totalling 48 850 000 Joint Committee ECU to finance projects, programmes and emergency aid operations administered by 2.2.48. Vith only a few months to go until it in the following sectors: elections for the European Parliament and ECU negotiations for a new ACP-EEC Conven- Economic and social tion well under way, the Joint Committee infrastructure 20 500 000 meeting inBrazzaville from 20 to 24 Febru- ary showed both sides eager to make their Rural 2 900 000 production influence felt. Water engineering 1 550 000 Transport and communications 17 350 000 The importance of ACP-EEC relations in the development field in the absence of any Social 1 800 000 development real North-South Dialogue was commented Education and training 3 000 000 on in the opening speeches, including that Emergency aid 1 750 000 of the general rapporteur Mr Bruno Ferrero, 48 850 000 MEP. Mr Ferrero noted that despite Lom6 II there had been a deterioration in the ACP Non-associated developing countries 2.2.46. The Commission took decisions to finance the following projects out of the I Point 2.4.14; Ol Cn,9.3.1984.

88 Bull. EC 2-1984 Development

States' economic situation. This he ascribed ability to resist economic and military har- to a variety of causes, some to do with the assment from their southern neighbour. structure of the Convention itself, including the inadeq-uacy of the available funds-only The Joint Committee adopted nine resolu- 0.05% of the Community's GNP-and tions, including a general one covering all others reflecting the poor state of the world the major points which had been dealt with economy in general and the lack of coordi- during the week-long session. nation between the Community development policy and the policies of the Member Accessions States. In the subsequent debate on Mr Ferrero's 2.2.49. The Council adopted a decision report the Commission spoke on a number applying the OCT arrangements to St Chri- of topics, including deseriification, urbaniz- stopher and Nevis until accession to the ation and the concept of 'food balance', and ACP-EEC Convention.3 looked forward to a sysrem based on the mutual interests of the Community and the ACP, which could eventually replace aid Southern African Development proper. Food aid, said the Commission, C o ord i natio n C o nference4 would remain an important aspect of Com- munity operations for a considerable time 2.2.50. SADCC's fourth annual meering to come, but at the same time would lie with aid donors was held in Lusaka, Zam- used in such a way as to foster development. bia, on 2 and 3 February.s The talks cenrred The Commission also reported on the pro- on the problems of agriculture in general gress of the negotiations, including the litest and food security in the region in particular. ministerial meeting,l at which the emphasis The speech made by Mr Pisani ionfirmed been interdependence, policy had on the importance attached by the Community dialogue and human righis. to these talks. The debate on sugar elicited a firm state- The donor countries and agencies once ment of views from the Commission. There again voiced their political support re- having been repeated attempts by some for gional integration ACP States to bypass the terms of the sugar in southern Africa. The protocol, it was pointed out thar the Com- hope was expressed, however, that the munity had undertaken nor to call the pro- numerous SADCC working groups, which tocol into question, and the suggestion was cover inter alia agriculture, transport and made that the ACP States might themselves communications, energy, and training, initiate a discussion about its future in the would translate into specific projects and light of the economic developments which programmes the not inconsiderable sum in had taken place since its concfusionin 1975. terms of financial commitments which had accrued since the Arusha meeting. The Commission also suggested that the ACP States should use the arbitration procedure under Article 176 of the Conveniion if they felt the Community was in breach of its undertakings. The second major debate was abour southern Africa. The Commission repeated the I Point 2,2.32. statement it had made 2 Poinr 2.2.50. at the SADCC meet- 3 ing in Lusaka on 3 February,2 calling on a Bull. EC 12-1983, point2.2.64. SADCC members to press ahead with the There are currently nine members of SADCC: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tan- regional integration which would give them zania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. genuine economic independence and the 5 Tenth General Report, point 748.

Bull. EC 2-1984 89 I nternational organizations

on the US Adminis- I nternational organizations United States and called and conferences tation to resist such pressures. Hong Kong stated its dissatisfaction with the implementation by the Community of United Nations the pinel's recommendations regarding applied by certain -quantitative restrictions Economic and Social Council France.z Economic Comrnission for EuroPe The GATT Council failed to reach agreement on the United States proposal for a 2.2.51. The Senior Economic Advisers to study on trade in high-technology goods. ECE Governments held their 20th meeting in Geneva from 20 to 24 February, their on work Committee main business being to approve a Government Procurement programme on the overall economic per- spective up to the year 2000. As a prepara- 2.2.53. The Committee on Government tory move, three specialized working parties Procurement met in Geneva from 31 Janu- were set up and an invitation to participate ary to 2 February under its new Chairman, was extended to the Commission of the Mr Henrikson of Sweden.3 The main item European Communities. on the agenda-in addition to discussion of the implementation of the Agreement and the 7982 statistical review-was the renego- General Agreement on tiation of the Agreement. The timetable for Tariffs and Trade renegotiation provides for intensive discussion of improvements' to the Agreement, GATT Council on a basis of reciprocity, in the first half of 2.2.52. The GATT Council met twice, on 1984 and for discussions on its 'extension' 7 and 28 February. The chief issue on the (i.e. inclusion of additional procurement en- agenda was the measures taken by the Com- tities under the Agreement) in the second munity in accordance with Article XIX of half of 1984. compensate in- the General Agreement to 2.2.54. A further meeting of the Commit- jury introduced by caused by the measure tee took place on 15 February, when the the States in 1983 in respect of United July adoption of the panel report on value-added imports of special steels.l ltr(/hile recognizing tax was discussed. The report deals with the to.suspend thit the.Community was entitled question whether value-added taxes have to compensation for injury, the concessions in be included in the calculation of the value challenged the amount of the United States of procurement contracts. The next meeting as excessive, basing case compensation its of the Committee is scheduled for April. on, among other things, statistical data, the ECU/US dollar conversion rate and the price elasticity of the products concerned. Organization for Economic High-levelconsultations took place prior to Cooperation and Development the meeting of 28 February; in these talks the two sides clarified their respective posi- Ministerial conference tions, thereby preventing a confrontation on employment questions within GATT. As a result, the United States 2.2.55. Employment policy and the labour no longer sought to have the Council disap- market must adapt to the introduction of prove of the extent of the measures but merely reserved its right to return to the matter if necessary. I Points 2,2,12 and 2.2.78. The Community made plain its concern at 2 Bull. EC 10-1983, point2.2.67. the growing protectionist tendencies in the J Bull. Ec 11-1983, poinr2.2.67.

90 Bull. EC 2-1984 I nternational organizations

new technology. _ This was the message of con-tinuing at a subsequenr stage the pro- which emerged from the OECD Conference cess of eradicating protectionist measures. of Minister of Labour and Social Affairs held in Paris from 6 to 8 February under Informal meeting on the chairmanship of Mr Pierre B6r6govoy, agricultural questions French Minister of Social Securitv and 2.2.58. A high-level informal National Solidarity, at the end of thrie days ' meering on of discussion on employmenr growrh in the agricultural question was held in Paris on 3 context of structural change. The Commis- February to examine the situation on the sion was represented at the conference by da.i-ry products and cereals markets and pos- Mr Ivor Richard, the Member with special sible ways of reducing measures distoiting responsibility for social policy. trade. With regard to dairy products, all the parti- The two main topics discussed were new cipants acknowledged technologies and their social implications that the situation had deteriorated compared with the first half and the need to strengrhen the- dialogue of 1983. They considered that no substantial between management and labour at Euro- pean level. reduction of the imbalance could be obtained by increasing demand and that it was on the supply side that an adjustment Ministerial conference should be made. on economic issues tWith regard to cereals, production was ex- 2.2.55. OECD Ministers of Economic and pected to reach record levels, though in Financial Affairs met in Paris on 13 and 14 contrast to the dairy products situation February for a conference on the longer- there was scope for increasing demand. term performance of OECD economies- However, the production potential continued to be greater than the porential demand. A number of topics were covered: the scale The participants agreed and efficiency of the public sector, budget that market imbalances had reached barely tolerable propor- deficits and national debt, investment and tions and a far-reaching employment, the adaptability of the labour that reorganizaiion of certain aspects policies market, international indebtedness, and of agriculturil structural adjustment policies. The prob- was essential. Each country or group of countries was lems of the United States deficit, high in- faced with a fundamental choice: its terest rates and direct or indirect forms of if agricultural policy was based on the'principle protectionism were also discussed. that farmers were free to utilize all the productive resources at their disposal, this implied that farmers musr ac- Trade Committee cept the effects of market mechanisms; if, however, its agricultural policy was based 2.2.57. The Trade Commimee, meeting on on the principle of guaranteed producer pri- 9 and 10 February, examined the 'rollback' ces, farmers must accept limitations on the action taken in response to an appeal by volume of production benefiting from such the OECD Secretariat for a reversil-of pro- guarantees. tectionist trends. Only a few countries had so far followed the Community's example and decided to Regional development banks reduce customs duties, a year in advance 2.2.59. The sixth annual meeting of the of the timetable established in the Tokyo Caribbean Group for Cooperation in Econ- Round, on all products covered by their tariffs.l Most of the other OECD counrries have undertaken to act in similar fashion. It was also agreed to examine possible ways I Bull. EC 12-7983,point 2.2.8.

Bull. EC 2-1984 9t Diplomatic relations omic Development (CGCED) was held to help Kenya implement its development from 13 to 17 February at \World Bank plan and public investment programme. headquarters in Vashington, providing a very useful opportunity to take stock of 2.2.51. A meeting of the Uganda Con- the economic and political situation in the sultative Group was also held in Paris, the Caribbean region. Ugandan delegation being led by Mr A.P.N. \Ualigo, Minister of Housing and Urban Those present included ministerial rep- Development. The meeting reviewed Ugan- resentatives from 77 developing countries da's current economic situation and pros- in the Caribbean, plus the various aid pects and discussed the government's in- donors; the Commission was represented, vestment plans for the next two years and as also were four Community Member its external assistance requirements. States (the Federal Republic of Germany, The participants observed that the econ- France, the Netherlands and the United omic situation had improved following a Kingdom). series of measures supported by external 2.2.50. The seventh World Bank Kenya assistance, including an IMF standby arran- Consultative Group meeting was held in gement. New commitments of USD 430 million in 1984 and USD ,+40 million in 1985 Paris on 31 Januaiy and 1 February, the Kenya delegation being led by Mr George would be required, mainly as fast-disburs- Saitoti, Minister of Finance and Planning. ing aid on concessionary terms. noted that incidents threaten- The group discussed the current situation The meeting continued to occur. The of the Kenyan economy and reviewed the ing law and order delegation reaffirmed the Gov- progress to date in carrying out the structu- Ugandan ernment's to improve secur- ral adjustment programme. determination ity, maintain law and order and protect It was agreed that the Kenyan Gov- human rights. The next meeting of the Con- ernment's fifth development plan (1984-88) sultative Group should be held in a year and public investment programme (Decem- and a half. ber lggg) constituted a useful framework for economic development and investment and that the sectoral allocations generally reflected suitable priorities. However, the Diplomatic relations participants stressed the overriding import- The President the Council and ince of the rapid growth in population and 2.2.52. of the impact this could have on employment the President of the Commission received HE Claudius C. Thomas, CMG, Head and government expenditure. Mr of Mission of Saint Lucia to the European In order to improve external aid coordina- Communities, and HE Mr Ronald Sanders, tion, and henie ensure that it was used Head of Mission of Antigua and Barbuda to more efficiently, the Kenyan Government the European Communities, who presented announced that it would in the very near their letters of credence, to take effect on future initiate a process of periodic meetings 21 February. with aid donors and aid institutions in Nai- Mr Thomas and Mr Sanders are the first robi. ambassadors of their respective countries to To conclude, it was agreed that an annual be accredited to the Communities. Their sum of USD 520 million for 1984 and 1985 appointment brings the number of dip- would be needed from external aid sources lomatic missions to 127.

92 Bull. EC 2-1984 3. Financing Community activities

Budgets been scrutinized by Parliament's Committee on Budgets.5 The main amendments reduced the Community's contribution pro- General budget to jects from 70o/o to 600/o and added the ion- dition that only projects, programmes or Own resources measures begun after I January 1983 were 2.3.1. In preparation for the European eligible for finance. Council on 19 and 20 March and further to Parliament is expected to give its opinion its previous communications, on 13 Febru- on these proposals on 12 March so thit they ary the Commission sent the Council a com- can be adopted by the Council ar its meeting munication on budgetary disciplinel fol- of 72 and 13 March. Parliament has already lowed on 29 February by one on the future stated that, if the Council fails to act upon financing of the Community.2 its opinion, it will ask for the conciliation procedure to be initiated. 2.3.2. On 13 February the Commission asked the Council3 to resume consideration Adoption of these regulations would not mean of its 1979 proposal on the measures to be that the 7202 million ECU which Parliament placed taken in the event ofirregularities affecting in reserve in the general budget pending a decision own resources and the organization of an on Community information system for thC Commission in financing would be automarically un- this field.a blocked.Y Consideration of this proposal was sus- 2.3.4. In February the Commission also pended in November 1980 io allow an as- sent the Council and Parliament its sixth sessment of existing provisions and those report on the implementation of rhe 1980 being adapted before new rules were ap- Regulation establishing supplementary plied. The Commission has found from ei- measures in favour of the United Kingdom.s perience that the existing rules do not allow The report covers the second half oitgg3. it to fulfil its obligations ro ensure that operations relating to the collection of its Discharge for 1981 own resources are carried out correctly and 2.3.5. On 17 February Parliament adopted so wishes the Council to resume work on a resolutiong on the action taken on its the proposal. observatigns accompanying the discharge for 1981,10 noting that the dommission hi'd Financial compensations agreed to supply information further to its interim report of September 7983. 1983 2.3.6. In response to Parliament's resolu- 2.3.3. At its 20-21 February meeting the tion of 16 September 1983 on rhe cosr ro Council considered three proposals for Reg- the EEC budget and effectiveness of rhe ulations introducing special measures 6f Community interest relating to transport I Point 1.2.7 et seq.; infrastructure, employmeni and energy COM(84) 83 final. 2 Point 7.2.1 et seq.; COM(84) 1,10 final. strategy designed to assisr the United King- r coM(a+) 58 final. dom and Germany which the Commissio.-n o OJ C 88,4.4.1979;Bull. EC 3-1979,pointz.3.BS. , had transmitted in December.S It decided oJ c 349,23.12.i,993; oJ c 3a0, fl.12.r983; oJ c 344, 20.12.'1983; Bull. EC 12-1983, points 2.1.71, 2.1.194,2.1.208, to ask Parliament to give its opinion as a matter 2,3.8 and 2.3.9. of urgency so that it could take 6 coM(84) 150 final. a final decision on 72-13 March. 7 8 Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.3.8. Meanwhile, coM(84) 45 final. the Commission amended its e Point 2.4.14; Ol Cn, D.3.1984. proposals of 28 February after they had r0 oJ L 174,30.6.1983; oJ c 161, 20.6.1983.

Bull. EC 2-1984 93 European political cooperation various committees assisting the Commis- Conuersion loans sion,l on 29 February the Commission sent 2.3.10. Conversion loans (Article 56) tot- Parliament and the Council a report on alling 24.78 million ECU were granted to committees and groups of experts.' the following undertakings: 2.3.7. On 77 February Parliament adopted resolutions on the budgetary control aspect Belgium of the publishing, printing and reprographic Prouince of Luxembourg: ldelux, Arlon, sector of the Cbmmunity institutions and and Magolux, fonderies Mogoteaux, Vaux- of the acquisition of office -supplies and sous-Chdvremont (Messancy plant). equipment by the institutions.r Germany Supra-regional loans for small and medium' Financial operations sized businesses; Bank fiir Gemeinwirt- schaft AG, Frankfurt; Bayrische Hypothe- ECSC ken- und \trflechselbank AG, Munich; Indu- striekreditbank AG, Diisseldorf; Saarlandi- Loans paid out sche Investitionskreditbank AG, Saar- bri.icken; Westdeutsche Landesbank Giro- 2.3.8. Acting under Articles 54 and 56 of 'Westdeutsche the ECSC Tieaty, the Commission made zentrale, Miinster, and Ge- nossenschafts-Zentralbank, Miinster. loans totalling26.l2 million ECU in Febru- ary for the following purposes:

Subsidized housing 2.3.9. Loans for the building of subsidized housing totalled 1.94 million ECU, of which I OJ C 277,17.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-7983,point2.4'72. 1.49 million ECU was for steelworkers and 2 coM(84) 93 frnal. 450000 ECU for mineworkers. 3 Point 2.4.14. OJ Cn, D.3.1984.

4. lnstitutional and political matters

European politica! cooperation of armed confrontation and a struggle between the Lebanese political forces and which threaten to perpetuate the division of the country and the mee- 2.4.1. Community Foreign Ministers presence of foreign troops in its territory; ting in political cooperation in Paris on 27 parties to reach a press communiqu6s on (ii) call on all the concerned February adopted lasting and effective ceasefire agreement; Lebanon, the war between Iran and Iraq, will and southern Africa. (iii) hope that the international community urgently fulfil its responsibilities in regard to Peace- keEping, in particular by installing in the Beirut Lebanon conurbation with the agreement of all the parties concerned a United Nitions force which would 'The Ten: take up position following the departure of ,the (i) express concern at the recent events in Leb- Multinitional Force on the basis of the mandate anon *hich have been characterized by a renewal to be entrusted to it by the Security Council;

94 Bull. EC 2-1984 European political cooperation

(iv) recall that the re-establishment of the territo- Africa, welcome recent initiatives aimed at ending rial integrity and sovereignty of the Lebanese State the conflicts in that region. requires Lebanese reconciliation as a precondition They note with satisfaction the agreement reached and indicatc their firm conviction that the process in Lusaka on 16 February 1984 on the strengthen- initiated during the Geneva conference should be ing and monitoring of the military disengagement resumed under conditions corresponding to the in southern Angola and commend the efforts of all aspirations of the political and religious in- all parties concerned to bring about increased security terests; and stability in the region. They also welcome the (v) note that this oblective involves also the with- recent understanding between South Africa and drawal of all foreign troops except those whose Mozambique. presence is agreed to by the Lebanese Government; The Ten urge continued restraint and hope that (vi) consider that the various Lebanese move- these developments will contribute to the climate ments should be able to agree on a definition of of mutual confidence which will facilitate the im- the external status of their country which takes plementation of UN Security Council Resolution into account both its position in the Arab world 435. and the desire of its population to no longer be The Ten will call upon all concerned to seize this exposed to the consequences of a conflict which new opportunity to implement the UN settlement has already caused it so much suffering. plan without further delay. They continue to sup- The Ten subsequently dealt with the unresolved port and encourage all parties, as well as the Secret- problems of the Middle East with which the events ary-General of the UN, in their efforts to reach a in Lebanon are closely linked, without preiudice to iust and peaceful solution to the Namibian ques- the discussion of this sublect which the European tion and they express their readiness to assist in the Council could have on 19-20 March.' development of a free and independent Namibia.'

Iran-Iraq 2.4.4. The Ministers also discussed East- West relations and the situation in Latin 2.4.2. 'The Ten have noted with great regret and America, Cheysson, the French concern the latest developments in the conflict and Mr between Iraq and Iran which are marked by heavy Minister for External Relations, explained fighting at the front and renewed attacks with the outcome to the press: rockcts, shells and bombs against civilian targets. This situation risks leading to new levels of escala- East-West relations tion of the war and a dangerous crisis in the region. The Ten therefore appeal to both parties to comply 2.4.5. Ministers had noted that their views with the relevant resolutions of the Security Coun- on East-West relations were broadly in line: cil and to renounce all activities which could lead the Soviet Union was continuing its tradi- to an escalation of hostilities or endanger the free- tional policy, and the search for political dom of navigation in the Gulf. They renew their contact had be kept up, the Ten appeal to search for ways to a peaceful solution to while which is acceptable and honourable for both sides. maintained their positions of principle, es- They request the Secretary-General of the UN to pecially on disarmament. Representation at take up again his mission to find a peaceful, iust ministerial level at the opening of the Con- and lasting solution of the conflict. They are prepa- ference on Disarmament in Europe, which red to cooperate actively with the means at their was itself largely due to the efforts of the disposal. Ten, was an important sign. At the same time the Ten appeal to the warring parties to observe carefully the international rules and conventions concerning the protection of the Latin America populations prisoners civilian and the treatment of support of war. They support the efforts of the Interna- 2.4.6. The Ten confirmed their tional Committee of the Red Cross to ease the for the initiative of the Contadora Group heavy burden which the war puts on both sides.' and hoped to provide assistance in all countries of Central America. The Council re- Southern Africa cently asked the Commission to look at how relations should be structured. 2.4.3. 'The 10 member countries of the European Community, who have shown for a long time Ministers reviewed the situation in a num- the grcatest concern for the situation in southern ber of Central American countries, includ-

Bull. EC 2-1984 European policy ing El Salvador, where elections are to take pressive number of prepaatory meetings place shortly, and Nicaragua. They noted *ere held in the first fortnight of February with considerable satisfaction that elections between the Council President in Argentina represented a major step for- -contactsand the Commission and the nine Heads of ward. The attentions of the European Government of the Member States on the Council would be drawn to this event and one hand and bilateral meetings between its implications for Latin America as a most of the Heads of Government on the whole, with a view to a statement being other. made. The informal discussions at La Celle-Saint- Parliament's resolutions on Chile was noted Cloud were held in a constructive atmos- with interest and sympathy.l phere and an open-minded spirit. It proved possible to pinpoint the outstanding prob- its Febru"ry prrr-r.rsion Parlia- 2.4.7. At Iems of future financing, the correction of ment adopted resolutions on Afghanistan, budgetary imbalances and reform of the Lebanon, the dramatic the situation in common agricultural po-licy. As at the Stut- situation regard to the Lebanese Chris- with gart European Council,2 the importance of Middle East peace initiative, and tians, a budgetary discipline was once more em- the peace following the ad- safeguarding of phasized. Assurances on this issue would vent the new leadership in the Societ of make a major contribution to a satisfactory Union.l decision on Community resources. In the field of human rights, it adopted resolutions on Iran, the Banyarwanda refu- On 20 February the Council adopted the gees in Uganda, the proceedings against procedural arrangements for the remaining The Father O'Brien in the Philippines, the expul- preparations for the European Council. sion from Chile of the war criminal'Walter Presidency and all the delegations restated Rauff and the International Day for the their concern that the March summit should Elimination of Racial Discrimination (21 be prepared along the lines laid down in the March). Treaties. Questions relating to Esprit (the programme was adopted at the end of Feb- ruary3), transport, industry and technical aspects of agricultural problems (milk pro- European policy duction threshold mechanisms, savings and relations between from the removal of a number of subsidies institutions and aids) would be settled at specialized the Council meetings. Only the major isues (future financing and specific aspects of CAP European policy reform) would be left to the Heads of State or Government. European Union On 23 February the Council re-examined 2.4.8. At its February part-session Parlia- the problem of budgetary discipline on the ment adopted by a large majority the draft basii of the latest Commission- proposals.4 Treaty establishing the European Union.I Additional proposals on future financing were also-put to the Council at the end of February.s Preparations for the Brussels European Council

2.4.9. In preparation for the European I Council on 19 and 20 March, the 10 Minis- Point 2.4.14; Ol Cn, D.3.1984. 2 Bull. point 1.5.5. ters for Foreign Affairs and the President of EC 6-1983, 3 Point 7.3.1 et seq. the Commission met on 18 and 19 February 4 Poinr 1.2.2. at La Celle-Saint-Cloud in France. An im- 5 Point 1.2.3.

96 Bull. EC 2-1984 Parliament

Greenland ish members) and most of the European Democrats who voted. The surprise came 2.4.10. On 20 February, basis a on the of from the European Democrats, since 24 of new communication from the Commission the British members approved the draft, concerning fisheries the aspects of future whereas they had abstained in September relations between the Community and 1983 on the resolution concerning the pre- Greenland, the Council completed its dis- liminary draft,6 and also from thC Sociilist cussion problem of this and adopted its group, where the French members abstained final decisions on Greenland's withdrawal instead of voting against. from the Community.l The majority of the Socialist Group sup- part- At its February session Parliament ported the draft, as did the two members passed a re-solution on the future fisheries of the EPD Group who voted. With the agreement.z exception of the Danes, the Independent Group and the non-affiliated members also approved the draft. Besides six Conservati- ves (EDIUK) and the majority (eight) of the lnstitutions and organs British Labour members (SoclUK), the 31 of the Communities opponents fall into two categories: the French (six) and Greek Communists (two) and all the Danish members (eight) from Parliament3 the various groups. Few amendments were adopted, and they Strasbourg: l3 to 17 February made no fundamental changes to the sub- 2.4.11. The February part-session was stance of the original text. They included: largely dominated by the adoption of the (i) one by the Committee on Institutional draft Treaty establishing the European Affairs, recalling that European Union had Union and by the presentation by Mr Thorn been designated as an objective at the Con- of the Commissioh's programm,e for 7984.4 ference of Heads of State or Government On Thursday 15 February the House was on 20 October 1972 and in the Solemn De- addressed, at a formal sitting, by Her claration of 19 June 19837 and by the Com- Malesty Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, who affirmed her full support for European Union having roundly condemned the prac- I Point 7.4.1 et seq.; Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.4.3. tice of unanimity voting. 2 Point 2.4.14; OJ C77,19.3.1984. 3 This report was prepared from k point de la session European Union published by Parliament's Secretariat. The complete texts of the resolutions adopted by Parliament are reproduced in 2.4.12. At the end of a debate in which OJ C n, 19.3.1984, and the report of the proceedings is the arguments voiced by the various groups contained in OJ Annex 1-305. The political groups of mem- indicated in brackets by the following abbrevations: in September 1983 con- bers are recalled those heard Soc : Socialists; EPP = European People's Party-Chris- cerning the resolution on the substance of tian Democratic Group; ED = European Democratic the prelimin ary draft of the Treaty,s Parlia- Group; COM : Communists and Allies; Lib : Liberals ment passed by a large maiority-438 votes and Democrats; EPD : European Progressive Democratsl to 32 with 34 abstentions-the resolution Ind = Group for the Technical Coordination and Defence of Independent Group and Members; NA i Non-affiliated. accompanying the draft Treaty on Euro- The countries of origin are indicated as follows: B : Bel- pean Union. The draft itself obtained 237 gium, DK : Denmark, D = Federal Republic of Germany, votes in favour with 31 against and 43 ab- GR = Greece,F : France, IRL = Ireland,l : Italy, L : : : stentions. Among the 237 affirmative votes Luxembourg, NL Netherlands, UK United Kingdom. a Poinr 1.5.7 et seq. were, not surprisingly, all the members of 5 Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.4.8. the European People's Party, the Liberal 6 0J c2n,77.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 1.1.7 et seq. and Democratic Group (except for the Dan- 7 Bull. EC 6-1983, points 1.5.23 and 1.6.1.

Bull. EC 2-1984 Parliament munity institutions and the Treaties estab- force, leaving the others aside, rather than lishing the Communities; and that this problem be dealt with as part of (ii) one by Mrs Simone Yeil (Lib/F), which the negotiations that Parliament would have deleted the passage affirming that the Euro- to conduct with the national parliaments. pean Council expressed the Union's iden- Mr G6rard IsraEI (EPDIF), with Mr Frango- tity. is-Marie Geromini (EPD/F) the only member of that group to vote, had some doubts As regards the vital interest of a Member about the scope of the text but announced State that could cause the postponement of that he would give his vote to the planned a vote in the Council, the original text went Union. through unchanged since the House rejected three amendments in turn: one by Mr Yves The opponents of the draft Treaty did not Galland (Lib/F), which deleted any refer- mince their words. Mrs Barbara Castle ence to the transitional period; one by Mr (SoclUK), followed by Mr Thomas Megahy Rudolf Luster (EPP/D), which allowed only (SoclUK), declared that the centre-right majorities one postponement of vote within the Coun- were making Europe unhappy and cil; one by Mr Doeke Eisma (NA/NL), that Parliament was putting the cart before which would have deleted any mention of the horse by not first deciding upon econ- vital interest. omic and social policies. Mr Derek Enright (SoclUK) announced that he would abstain, Article 82 (on ratification) was a source of for slogans could not substitute for action. some misgivings among the Socialist Group (lnd/l) since it stipulated that the Treaty would Mr Marco Pannella told the House Parliament in come into force when it 'has been ratified that the Italian had voted by a majority of the Member States of the favour of the draft Treaty on European Communities whose population represents Union and had asked the Italian Gov- two thirds of the total population of the ernment to ratify it. Communities'; this, said Mr Enest Glinne 2.4.13. Parliament gave opinions a (SoclB), on supported by Sir Fred Catherwood number Commission proposals, in- (EDIUK), of was liable to leave out on the cluding: sidelines any Member States which had not ratified. A compromise was found, in draft- (i) a Regulation on the security to be given ing the text of the resolution, that consisted to ensure payment of a customs debt;l of inviting the European Parliament elected (ii) a Decision on the comparability of on 77 June to present the draft not only vocational training qualifications between to the national parliaments but also the the Member States of the Community;2 Governments of the Member States, and to (iii) Directive use sewage take account of the parliaments' opinions a on the of sludge in agriculture;3 and comments. (iv) a Regulation amending the regulation During the explanations of vote, Mr Paolo on sparkling wines produced in the Com- Barbi (EPPll), Mr Hans Nord (Li&/NL) and munity;a Mr Marco Pannella (Ind/l) said they intended to vote for the draft treaty and for (v) a Regulation laying down general rules the accompanying resolution, as did Mrs for the description and presentation of spar- Anne-Marie Lizin (Soc/B), who only regret- kling wines and aerated sparkling wines;4 ted that the draft had not secured unani- mous support within her own group at least. Following her, Mr Ernest Glinne (SoclB) indicated that a free vote would I oJ c 30,4.2.t983. always be the rule in his group. He regretted 2 Point 2,7,72. that the Treaty stipulated that a majority 3 Point 2.1.91. of States were to decide when it came into . oJ c r20,5.s.1983.

98 Bull. EC 2-1984 Parliament

(vi) a Regulation amending the Regula- of the importance of removing fiscal obsta- tion on the common organization of the cles which contributed to the compartmen- market in oils and fats;l talization of the various national marketsll and urged the Council and the Commission (vii) a Regulation amending the Regula- to continue the process of integration of the tion on the common organization of the banking sector and to reduce the compart- market in cereals;2 mentalization of stock exchanges in the (viii) a Regulation amending the Regula- Community; tion on the common organization of the (iii) investment policy in the Community: market in pigmeat;3 noting that the share of gross fixed capital (ix) a Directive on fuel rationing for com- formation in the Community's GDP had mercial transport between Membir States;4 decreased considerably by comparison with (x) a Decision revising the sectoral re- the 1970s and that the Community was the USA, the search and development programme in the lagging behind Japan and field of the environment (environmental House called for the introduction of a sys- and for protection and climatology-)-indirect and tem to link existing stock marketsl2 burden on com- concerted action (1981-85);) a lightening of the tax panles; (xi) a Regulation on the conclusion of a of the protocol on financial and technical coopera- (iv) consolidation and completion the iioir bet*..n the Community and Cyplus;6 European Monetary System within framework of the proposals made by the (xii) a Regulation on the apportionment Commission in March 1982:13 considering of the quantities of cereals provided for that the EMS had functioned relatively well under the Food Aid Convention for the and its flaws were largely due to its incom- period 1 July 1983 to 30.June 1986;7 pleteness, Parliament made several propos- regards its 2.4.14. Parliament also passed resolutions ils for improving the EMS as the concerning: mechanisms, convergence, opening up system to the international monetary mar- (i) the creation of a single European capi- ket and private use of the ECU; tal market: having agreed in principle with the Commission8 on the need for the crea- (v) the role and functions of the interna- tion of a single capital market to proceed tional financial institutions in the present gradually, Parliament considered that this monetary situation: having recalled recent oblective must be attained by the removal developments in the system established at of legislative, administrative and unofficial the Britton Woods Conference and in par- barriers; it therefore urged the Commission ticular the growing indebtedness of the to review restrictions applied under safe- Third World, the House made several pro- guard clauses, with a view to their progres- posals for debt restructuring and interna- iive removal, called on the Council to adopt the Commission's proposal for a directive on collective investment undertakings for I oJ c 338, 15.12.1983. transferable securities9 and asked the Com- 2 oJ c 301, 8.11.1983. mission to revise its proposal for a Directive 3 oJ c 319,29.11.1983. the aim of I Poinr 2.1.148. on company taxationfu with 5 wider liberalization of capital movement; Poinr 2.1.162. 6 oJ c Lss,23.9.1983. (ii) financial integration in the Commun- 7 oJ c 324,29.11.1983. 8 ity: agreeing with ihe Commission8 on the e Bull. Ec 4-1983, points 1.2.1 to 1.2.8. need gradually to create an integrated capi- oJ c t71,26.2.1976. ro oJ c 253,5.1r.1975. tal market to ensure that European savings rr Bull. EC 4-1983, points 1.3.1 to 1.3.5. were mainly channelled into investment in t2 ol c287,9.11.1981; Bull. EC. 10-1981, point 2.3.21. the Community, Parliament was convinced t3 BuU. EC 3-1982, points 1.4.1 to 1'4.4.

Bull. EC 2-1984 99 Parliament tional institutions, private-sector lending (xii) solidarity and murual assistance be- and better coordination of national econ- tween the Member States in the event of omic policies with a view to improving the large-scale disasters and the establishmenr workings of the whole sysrem; at-Community level of a European disaster (ri)- the free movement of persons, goods relief programme: observing thit only a few and services in the Community: the House Member States possessed the full panoply called on the Member States to liberalize of equipment required, the House pioposed the use of credit cards for the purchase of the pooling and coordination of ivailable goods and services throughou[ the Com- resources and asked the Commission to en- munity; the Commission was urged to draw courage the organization of joint alert exer- up proposals for harmonizingprovisions on CISCS; exports of currency for tourisi or business (xiii) damage caused by the bad weather purposes within the Community; in Belgium, particularly the gales and floods last February: (vii) goods processing at the frontier post in two resolutions the House called on the Commission on the Brenner Pass: considering the intol- to grant emergency aid to the afflicted erable working conditions imposed on driv- areas; ers and the substantial financial losses in- (xiv) protection of the monk seal: believ- curred by haulage companies owing to slow ing that the extinction of the monk seal customs clearance, the House urged the must be prevented, Parliament urged the Commission to ensure that Italy applied the Commission and the Governments of the Community legislation and called on the Member States and other countries concer- other Member States ro ensure that similar ned to provide effective protection for the delays did not occur at their frontiers; last major colonies of monk seals; (viii) the situation of the iron and steel (xv) Greenland fisheries: in view of the market: reaffirming the need for complete importance of the Greenland fisheries sec- transparency on this market and urging the tor,, Parliament urged that it be developed Community to take a firm line against pro- in the interests of Greenland and the Com- tectionism in the United States, the House munity and asked the Commission ro ensure called for a steel conference to be held as that the rights of Community fishermen soon as possible; were preservedl (ix) the European petrochemical industry: (xvi) action taken on the decisions grant- having appraisid developments in the indu- ing a discharge for 1981: with the intention stry, Parliament considered that there was of securing action on the observations ap- a need for greater specialization by firms pearing in its discharge decision, Parliament and for a halt, for the time being ar leasr, asked the Commission to take more care to in the spread of mergers; ensure-if the Council failed to act-that the appropriations entered (l) the Esprit programme: believing rhat by the House were implemented; the Esprit programme was essentialio restore the Community's competitiveness in (xvii) budgetary control aspects of the ac- information technology, the- House urged quisition and control of office supplies and the Councilto reach a decision on the Com- equipment by the institutions of rhe Euro- mission's at its meeting on 28 pean Communities: rhe House asked the "proposals .hebruary;r Commission to standardize the form and layout of contract documents as well as (xi) unemployment among women: aware the specifications for the of the special position of-women main items of office on the equipment; Iabour market, parliament called for concerted action in the Member States to promote women's employment by reducing daily, weekly and working time; I "nnu"l Point 1.3.1 et seq.

100 Bull. EC 2-1984 Parliament

(xviii) the budgetary control aspects of the that the Lebanese Christains would not be publishing, printing and reprographic sec- abandoned; tor of the Community institutions: welcom- (v) the expulsion from Chile and bringing ing the positive response of the institutions to trial of \Walter Rauff: the House called to Parliament's wish to have fuller interin- on the Foreign Ministers meeting in political stitutional cooperation on these activities, cooperation to take steps to induce Chile the Hou.se suggested various improvements to expel this Nazi war criminal from its concerning agreements with printers, mana- territory to a European country which gement techniques, technological change would guarantee that he was brought to and potential improvements in translation; justice; (xix) the granting of humanitarian aid to (vi) charges against Father O'Brien in the Vietnam: Parliament considered that this Philippines: Parliament called upon the aid must be routed exclusively through Philippine authorities to ensure that the ac- NGOs, be under the effective supervision cused was given a fair trial; of bodies recognized by the Community, (vii) the Banyarwanda refugees in and go direct to those in need; resumption Uganda: Parliament urged the Commission of Community aid could not pass for an to do everything possible to ensure that endorsement of Vietnam's military interfer- the aid intended for these people actually ence in neighbouring countries or of its reached them, particularly through NGOs policy in violation of human rights. or international organizations, and to help their final resettlement; 2.4.15. In the field of political cooperation (viii) human rights Iran: condemning and human rights, Parliament passed the in the repressive policy and the torture following resolutions: systematically carried out in Iran, Parliament cal- (i) the International Day for the Elimin- led on the Member States to facilitate the ation of Racial Discrimination (21 March): granting of political refugee certification the House proposed that the Member States and status to victims of the repression and should organize discussions in all educa- asked the Council to use its influence to put tional establishments and exhibitions on the an end to this situation; theme 'living together with our differences'; (ix) the situation in Afghanistan: distres- (ii) a Middle East peace initiative: refer- sed by the policy of reprisal conducted syste- ring to its previous resolutions, Parliament matically by the Soviet Union against villa- called on the Member States to take an ges and the civilian population and concer- immediate initiative to induce all parties ned by the subversive activities of the KGB concerned, particularly the PLO and the both inside and outside Afghanistan, Parlia- Israeli Government, to negotiate a lasting ment called on the Soviet Union to negotiate settlement, possibly within the framework its withdrawal from Afghanistan, congratu- of the UN; lated Pakistan on the way it had accommod- ated the refugees and urged that the Com- (iii) the situation in Lebanon: concerned munity increase its aid to the refugees and over the fate of the civilian population of recognize the Afghan resistance movement the country, Parliament asked the Com- as a legitimate national liberation force; munity to provide as much assistance as possible to the civilian victims of violence; (x) safeguarding peace following the advent of the new leadegship in the Soviet (iv) the dramatic situation with regard to Union: noting the continued hegemonistic the Lebanese Christians: recalling the 'long interference of the USSR in the affairs of suffering' of the Lebanese Christians, of neighbouring States, Parliament hoped that whom 1375 had recently been killed, the the new leadership would have greater re- House called on the Council to inform the spect for the human rights and fundamental Soviet Union, Syria and the Muslim world freedoms to which all nations are entitled.

Bull. EC 2-1984 101 Council of the Council President and Commission representatives and the main items of busi- 2.4.16. The Council held six meetings in neis. A more detailed account of specific February. The table below lists the number, items can be found in the sections of the place and date of each meeting, the names Bulletin referred to in the footnotes.

Table 8 - Council meetings in February 1984

Numbcr, placc and datc of Subict Prcsident Commission Main itcms of business mcrting

905th Economic Mr Delors Mr Ortoli Future work programmel Brussels and Mr Narjes International economic situationl 5 February financial meeting affairs Special OECD lnterest subsidies on certain loans Innouation in small businesses %)7th Agriculture Mr Rocard Mr Dalsager Fixing of prices for certain agricul- Brussels tural broducts and related tneasures 6 andT for tis+tssz February Adiustments to coffifiron agricul- tuial poticf

Agr i cuh ur al struct ure s2 Sheepmeat and goatmeat Continuation of New Zealand butter irnpolts into Unitedz Kingdom under special conditions Beef and ueaP 908th Foreign Mr Cheysson Mr Pisani Preparation for ACP-EEC minis- Brussels affairs terial meeting on 9 and 10 Februart' 9 February

909th Foreign Mr Cheysson Mr Thorn EEC-Israela Brussels affairs Mr Ortoli Enlargement: Current state of nego- 20 and2l Mr Haferkamp tiationC February Mr Natali Mr Davignon Spanish accessionS Mr Tugendhat Preparation for European Council6 Mr Burke Special tfleasures of Community in- Mr Narjes terestt Future relations with Greenlan& US measures to restrict imports: Council stdteffientg Imports of cereal substitutes New commercial policy instru- mentlo Steel: Greek exportsro Steel: external aspects lnternational Cocoa AgreemenF

to2 Bull. EC 2-1984 Commission

Numbcr, placc and datc of Subimt Prcsidcnt Commission Main itcms of busincss mccting

91Oth Agriculture Mr Rocard Mr Dalsager Fixing of prices for certain agricul- Brussels tural products and related meas- 27 and28 ures, including proposals concerfl- February ing reform of common agricuhural polict' Sheepmeat and goatmeat Structures policf New Zealand butte*

911th Research Mr Fabius Mr Davignon Adoption of Esprit programmerr Brussels First plan for stimulating European 28 February scientific and technical cooperation 1984 and interchange (1985-1988) Council's conclusionsrz - councit's conctu- 'ri:::f!'"t'rY: Reuision of enuironment plog- rarnrne'- Extension of data-processing prog- ramfietr Otb er re search programmes Reactor safety

Economic and monctary policy. Agriculture. Development. Rclations with other countria and rcgions, Enlargcmcnt and brlatcral rclations with applicant countries. 6 Europcan pohcy and relatrons bctwen thc institutions, ? Financing Community activities. t Point 1.4.1 ct scg. 9 Relations with industrializcd countries. t0 Commcrcial policy. il Pornt 1.3.1 et seg. l2 Rmarch and developmcnt. tl Intcrnal markct and industrial affairs.

Commission Decisions, cotwnuniccttions and proposals 2.4.19. In the social field the Commission Activities sent the Council a draft resolution on unemployment among women in the Community 2.4.17. The Commission devoted a great and a report on the education of the chil- deal of its time to preparing for the Brussels dren of migrant workers. European Council. It adopted a communication on budgetary discipline and decided The Commission adopted a communication to amend its May 1983 proposal on new to the Council containing a thorough analy- own resources.l

2.4.18. Mr Thorn presented the Commis- I Point 7.2.7 et seq. sion's programme for 1984 to Parliament.2 2 Point 7.5.7 et seq.

Bull. EC 2-1984 103 Commission sis of the energy policies of the Member tlenecks and improvements to the Com- States and estimating to what extent they munity transport system. would be able to achieve the structural changes which the Council adopted in 2.4.22. The Commission was pleased to 1980 as a target for the end of the decade. note the decision by the Council to adopt the Esprit programme.2 The Commission adopted a communication on a common air transport policy, containing proposals for a regulation and a direc- Relations with workers' tive. and employers' organizations It also adopted a discussion paper on unfair 2.4.23. On behalf of the Commission, Mr clauses contracts concluded in with con- Thorn, Mr Davignon, Mr Ortoli, Mr Tug- sumers.l endhat, Mr Narjes and Mr Andriessen met The Commission approved a communica- a delegation from the Union of Industries tion on the general objectives for steel for of the European Communities. The Presi- 1985; developments in the steel industry dent of UNICE, Mr Carli, expressed his meant that these were lower than the objec- support for the Commission's 'new tone' tives fixed in 1983. It also adopted the abate- and its range of proposals designed to re- ment rates on reference products for the store the competitiveness of European indu- various categories of steel for the second stry. His organization was, however, con- quarter of this year and approved the final cerned about both the large number of plan for restructuring the Luxembourg steel Community regulations, which were limit- industry. ing industry's freedom of mancuvre, and Basing itself on initial results from last certain aspects of competition and social policy. year's pilot projects on stimulating the Community's scientific and technical poten- 2.4.24. During preliminary consultations, tial, the Commission proposed to the Coun- experts from the European Trade Union cil a first plan to encourage scientific co- Confederation considered reform of the operation and the exchange research of common agricultural policy, regional policy workers between Member States. and the use of the Regional Fund; represen- Finally, the Commission asked the Council tatives of the Contact Office of Miners' and for authority to open negotiations with Metalworkers' Free Trade Unions in the Pakistan on a commercial and technical co- European Communities discussed the en- operation agreement. ergy situation and the market for coal, and representatives of the Committee of Tran- D is cussions, p olicy de b ate s sport lforker's Unions discussed the Com- and utork in hand mission's communication on progress towards a common inland transport policy3 2.4.20. The Commission held a wide- and its proposal for a Regulation on the ranging discussion on the green paper on Community quota for the carriage of goods Europe-wide television which it intends to by road.a present shortly.

2.4.21. The Commission issued a statement on easing frontier formalities as a result of traffic hold-ups at Community frontiers and, in preparation for the Council meetings on the internal market (8 March) I Supplement 1/84 Bull. EC. and transport (22March), will present com- , Point 1.3,11. - munications on frontier controls and the 3 OJ C 154, 13.6.1983; Bull. EC 2-1983, point 2.1.128. general problem of the elimination of bot- 1 Ol C 179,6.7.7983; Bull. EC 6-1983, point2.1..22l.

1(X Bull. EC 2-1984 Court of Justice

-- Court of Justicel 1988.2 Mr Darmon replaces Mrs Simone Rozls for the remainder of her term of Appointment office.

2.4.25. On 7 February the Representatives I For more detailed information, see the material published of the Governments of the Member States by the Court of Justice in rhe Official Journal and the adopted a Decision appointing Mr Marco European Court Reports, and the publications of its Infor- mation Office (e.g. the annual synopsis of the work of the Darmon Advocate-General to the Court of Court). Justice from 13 February 7984 to 6 October , oJ L N, 11.2.1984.

2.4.25bis. New cases

Basis

ECSC - Steel i7/84 and 37/84 R European Decision 3717/&3/ECSC of 23.12.7983 (produc- Articles 33 and 39 Independent Steelworks- Associ- tion certificates and accompanying documents) ECSC ation (EISA) v Commissionl and order suspending its operation 45/84 and 45/84 R European Article 15B of Decision 2}4/84/ECSC oi Articles 33 and 39 Independent Steelworks- Associ- 31.1.1984 (system of monitoring and produc- ECSC ation (tlSA) v Commission2 tion quotas for steel) providing for a system of penalties in the event of a significant alteration of deliveries compared with traditional deliveries and order suspending the operation of the Decision 50/84 Bensider Srl, Roveredo Decision 3717/83|ECSC of ?3.12.1983 (produc- Articles 33 and 39 in Piano,- and Others v Commis- tion certificates and accompanying documents) ECSC sion3

Free movement of goods 19/84 Pharmon BV v Hoechst Is it incompatible with the rules on the free Article 177 EEC AG4 - movement of goods within the common market for a proprietor of a patent in Member State A to oppose the putting iilto circulation in that State of a product protected by that patent, where that product is manufactured in Member State B and sold and supplied direct from there to a purchaser in Member State A by the holder of a compulsory licence under a parallel patent owned by the same patent proprietor in Mem- ber State B?

34/84 Procureur de la R6publi- Is a national law fixing minimum prices for Article 777 EEC que v -M. Leclerc, Paris petroleum products contrary to Community law or can it be iustified on grounds of public policy?

Customs union 30/84 Nicolet Instrument Validity of Decision 80/7l6lEEC finding that Article ln EEC GmbH v HZA Frankfurt/Main the apparatus described as 'Nicolet-Data Ac- Airport quisition and Processing System, model NIC- 1180'is not a scientific apparatus

Bull. EC 2-1984 105 Court of Justice

32/84 Van Gend & Loos v Interpretation of CCT heading No 62.04 as Article 177 EEC Inspecteur- der Invoerrechten en regards the classification of sails intended for Accijnzen sailboards 40/84 Casteels PVBA v Com- Annulment of Regulation (EEC) No 3529/83 Article 173 EEC mission3- (classification in the CCT of rotary electric windscreen-wiper motors)

Competition

42/84 Remia BV v Commis- Article 1 of Decision 83/570/EEC on a proceed- Article 173 EEC sion5 - ing under Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (Case IV/30.389 - Nutricia-de Rooij and IV/30.,{08 - Nutricia-Zuid Hollandse Conservenfabriek)

Agriculture

20/84 1. NV De Jong Ver- Interpretation of Regulation (EEC) No 232/75 Article 177 EEC enigde;- and 2. Co

Miscellancous

53/84 S. Adams v CommissionT Compensation for the damage suffered by the Article 178 EEC applicant because of the Commission's actions and/or omissions affecting him following the communication by him of confidential information

Administrative questions

36184-N.E.B. Owen and Others Application for compensation for the loss suf- Articles 148 and 188 v 1. Commission; and 2. CouncilS fered by the applicants by reason of the unlaw- EAEC and Article ful recruitment procedures applied to them and 215 EEC proceedings for failure to act against the Com- mission for having omitted to grant them the status of temporary staff of the European Com- munities

Infringements

35/84- Commission v ltalye Systematic inspections on the importation of Article 169 EEC curds into Italy - Article 30 of the EEC Treaty 52/84 Commission v Belgium Commission Decision of 15 February 1983 con- Second subparagraph - cerning aid to a sanitary ware manufacturer of Article 93(2) EEC

106 Bull. EC 2-1984 Court of Justice

Disputes betwccn the Community and its staff v Commission:43/843 v Parliament: 38/84

I oJ c72,1J.3.1984. t ol c74,15.3.1984. 5 Ol C79,20,3.1984. 1 oJ c +4,29.2.1984. r oJ c 80,21.3.1984. : oJ c s6,2e.2.1e84. t ol c 8s,27.3.1984. t oJ c 6J,6.3.1984. e oJC51,3.3.1984.

2.4.25. Judgments

Datc and casc Hcld

ECSC-Steel

9.2.1984,284/82- Acciaierie e Ferriere Busseni SpA v Application dismissed as inadmissible (annul- Commissionl ment of a decision imposing a fine for exceeding steel production quotas)

74.2.1984,2/83 Alfer SpA v Commissionl 1. The amount of the fine imposed on the appli- - cant is reduced 2. Remainder of application dismissed

16.2.7984,76/83 Gustave Boel v Commissionl Application dismissed (annulment of a decision -Usines imposing a fine for exceeding steel production quotas)

21.2.7984, l4O/82 and 146/82 Walzstahlvereinigung 1. Commission Decision 533/82IECSC of 3 v Commission; and 221/82 and226/82- Thyssen AG March 1982 amending for the third time Decision v Commission - 1831/8I/ECSC establishing for undertakings in the iron and steel industry a monitoring system and a new system of production quotas in respect of certain products and Commission Decision 1698182/ECSC adiusting the abatement rates for category V products for the third quarter of7982 in respict of certain undertakings are annulled 2. The individual decisions addressed by the Commission on 30 March and 20 July 1982 to Thyssen AG concerning the reference production and production quotas for the second and third quarters of 7982 are annulled in so far as they relate to the abatement rates for category V

29.2.1984,270/82 Estel NV v Commission 1. The amount of the fine imposed on the appli- - cant is reduced Z. Remainder of application dismissed

Bull. EC 2-1984 to7 Court of Justice

Date and casc Hcld

Free movement of goods

7.2.7984, ?38/82 Duphar BV v The Netherlands National measures refusing persons insured Statd - under a national sickness insurance scheme the right to the provision of specifically named medicinal prepaiations are compatible with Article- 30 of-thC EEC Treaty if the determination of the excluded medicinal preparations involves no discrimination regarding the origin of the products and is carried out on the basis of oblective and verifiable criteria

9.2.1984, 295/82- Groupement d'int6r6t 6conomique According to the objectives of Council Directive Rh6ne-Alpes Huiles and Others v Syndicat national des 75/439/EEC on the disposal of waste oils and fabricantJraffineurs d'huile de graissage and Others according to the rules of the EEC Treaty on the free moviment of goods, it must be possible for waste oils to be supplied, whether by a holder or by an approved collector, to a disposal undertaking in another Member State which has obtained in that State the permit provided for in A,rticle 5 of the Directive

Customs union

9.2.7984,7 /83 Ospig Textilgesellschaft KG W. Ahlers Quota charges relating to the acquisition of ex- v HZA Bremen-Ostz- port quotas do not form part of the customs value of goods imported into the Community for the purposes of the provisions of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1224/80 on the valuation of goods for customs purposes, as amended by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3193/80

9.2,1984,60/83 Metro International KG v Oberfin- A product consisting of several parts. including anzdirektion Miinchenz- a desk calculator, sold as a cash register cannot be regarded as a functional unit and must be classified under CCT subheading 84.52 A (electronic calculating machines)

16.2.1984,46/83 Gerlach BV v Inspecteur der Invoer- Classification in the CCT of a completely hydro- rechten en Accijnzenl- genated animal oil

23.2.1984, 93/83 Zentralgenossenschaft des Fleisch- 1. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 964/71 ergewerbes eG (Zentragl- v HZA Bochum does not have the effect of preventing processing of meat subsequent to slaughter from conferring on the meat the origin of the country where the processing took place 2. Article 5 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 802/58 must be.interpreted-as meaning that bon- ing, removing sinews and fat, cutting into pieces and vacuum-packing meat of beef quarters does not confer on it the origin of the country where the processing took place

108 Bull. EC 2-1984 Court of Justice

Datc and casc

Freedom of establishment and freedom to provide senriccs

9.2.1984,344/82- Gambetta Auto SA v Bureau central Where a vehicle bears a properly issued registra- frangais and Fonds de garantie automobilel tion plate, that vehicle mustte regarded aJbeine normally based, within the mean-ing of Councii DirectiveT2/166/EEC,in the territory of the State in which it is registered, even if at'the relevanr time the authorization to use rhe vehicle had been withdrawn

9.2.7984, 64/83 - Bureau central francais v Fonds de Pursuant to Council Directive 72/166/EEC on garantie automobile and Others2 motor insurance, the national bureau of the Member State in which the claim arose suaran- tees the serrlement of claims, within thf limits and in accordance with the provisions of its own national law, whether or noi the driver is insured

Within the meaning of the same Directive, a vehicle must be regarded as being normally based in the Member State in which it was registered, even if at the relevant time the authorizition to use the vehicle had been withdrawn

Taxation 14.2.1984, 278/82 - Rewe v HZA Flensburg and In this important judgment, the Court inter- Othersl preted Directive 59/169/EEC as meaning that, in the context of intra-Community traffic, goods in travellers'personal luggage which have been purchased in the duty-free shops-the of ferry-boats qualify, on importaiion, for limited exemptions from turnover tax and excise duties granted to travellers coming from a non-member country

22.2.1984,70/83 Gerda Kloppenburg v Finanzamt Confirmation of previous decisions of the Court Leer - (Case 8/81 U. Becker u Finanzamt Miinster and Case 255/81 Grendel GMbH u Finanzamt fiir Kiirp e r s c h aft en in H amb urg) In the absence of implementation of the Sixth Council VAT Directive (77/388/EEC) a credit negotiator could rely on the provision concerning exemption from the tax contained in Article 13 B(d) 1 thereof in respect of transactions carried out during the first half of 1978 where he had refrained from passing that tax on to persons following him in the chain of supply

28.2.7984,294/82 Senta Einberger v HZA Freiburg Article 2 of the Sixth VAT Directive musr be - interpreted as meaning that no import turnover tax debt arises upon the unlawful importation in-to the Community of drugs which arC not parr of the economic circuit

Bull. EC 2-1984 lD Court of Justice

Datc and casc

Competition 21.2.1984,85/82- Hasselbiad (GB) Limited v Commis- 1. The Commission's Decision is'void in so far sion as it finds that Clause 6 of the dealer agreement constitutes an infringement of Article 85 (1) of the EEC Treaty as regards the period between 7974 and I January 1979 2. The finl imposed on the applicant is reduced 3. Remainder bf application dismissed 28.2.1984,228/82 and 229/82 Ford of Europe Inc. Commission Decision 82/628/EEC of 18 August and Ford Werke AG v Commission- 1982 relating to a proceeding under Article 85 of the EEC Treaty llV /30696 - distribution system of Ford Werke AG - Interim measure) is void Social security for migrant workers 2.2.7984,285/82 W.J. Derks v Bestuur van de Nieuwe The judgment confirms that for the purposes Algemene Bedril -fsvereniging2 of Article 45 of Regulation (EEC) No 1'108/71 account must be taken of periods of insurance completed under the legislation of a Member State, even where that legislation was no longer in force at the time of entry into force of the Regulation

Agriculture 7.2.7984,237/82 Jongeneel Kaas BV and Others v Regulation (EEC) No 804/58 must be interpreted 1. The'NetherlandJ- State; and 2' Stichting Centraal as heaning that in the absence of Co,mmunity Orgaan Zuivelcontrole2 rules a Member State may unilaterally adopt, with the purpose of promoting sales of cheese quality and cheese -producedproducts, rules concerning the of cheeses on its territory, including a ban on producing cheeses other than those exhaustively listed. These measures, since they do not apply to imported products, are also compatibl-e with Articles 30 and 34 of the EEC Treaty

21.2.1984, 337/82 St Nikolaus Brennerei v HZA The validity of Commission Regulation (EEC) Krefeld - No 851/76 cannot be challenged in so far as that Regulation is based on Article 46 of the EEC Treaty, which may be applied after the expiry of the transitional period to products which are not yet subiect to i .ornrnoh organization of the market

29.2.1984,77/83 Cilfit Srl and Others v Ministero The phrase 'ex 0.5.15 B Animal products not della Sanitir - elsewhere specified or included' set out in the Annex to Council Regulation (EEC) No 827/68 does not include wool

29.2.1984, 37t83 Rewe-Zentrale AG v Director of Examination of the final and penultimate senten- the Chamber of Agriculture- for the Rhineland ces of Article 11(3) of Council DirectiveTTl93/ EEC on protective measures against the introduction into the Member States of harmful organ- isms of plants or plant products has failed to disclose iny factor of such a kind as to call into question the validity of those provisions

110 Bull. EC 2-1984 Court of Justice

Datc and casc

Fisheries

14.2.1984,24/83 Mehlich and Gewiese v Colin Scott No fresh consultation of the Commission is re- Mackenziel - quired in the case of the re-enactement, without substantive amendment, of a national measure for the conservation of fishery resources which was previously adopted in conformity with the procedural and substantive conditions laid down by Community law

Commercial policy 1.2.7984, 1/84 R - Ilford SpA v Commission Implementation of the Commission Decision of 20 October 1983 authorizing the Italian Republic not to apply Community treatment to iolour films originating in Japan in free circulation in the Member States is suspended in relation to the application for import documenrs submitted by Ilford before the date of the decision in question, to the extent needed to ensure their noimal supply

21.2.1984, 239 / 82 and 27 5 / 82 1. Allied Corporation; The applications are dismissed as inadmissible 2. Michel Levy-Morelle in his- capacity as liquidator of in relation to applicant 2 and as unfounded in Demufert SA; 3., Transcontinentil Fertilizer Company; relation to applicants 1, 3 and 4 (annulment of and 4. Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation-v Commission Regulations (EEC) Nos 1976/82and Commission 2302/82 and claim for damages)

Infringements

7.2.1984, 766/82- Commission v Italy2 The Italian Republic, by adopting and maintaining in force Act No 305 of 8 luly 1975, has failed to fulfil its obligations under Council Regulation (EEC) No 8M/68 (fixing the producer price of milk) 14.2.7984, 325/82 Commission v Federal Republic By granting exemptions from turnover tax and of Germanyl - excise duties on the importation, in travellers' personal luggage, of goods acquired rax-free on board cruise-ships which entei into the customs territory on the Community by the maritime frontier and which have not made a real call at the port of a Member State or of a non-member country, the Federal Republic of Germany has failed to fulfil its obligations under the Treaty 21.2.1984, 202/82- Commission v France Application dismissed (importation into France of Italian pasta products)

28.2.7984,247/81 Commission v Federal Republic By reserving the marketing of medicines to such of Germany - pharmaceutical undertakings as have their headquarters within the area of application of the Medicines Act, the Federal Republic of Germany has failed to fulful its obligations under Articll 30 et seq. of the EEC Treaty

Bull. EC 2-1984 111 Economic and Social Committee

Disputes between the Community and its staff v Commission: 9.2.1984, 39 /$2 - Application dismissed v Council: 19.7.1984,65/83 - The decision not to grant the applicant a household allowance is annulled 19.1.1984, 260/ 80 - Application dismissed v Parliament: 79.7.1984, 262/ 80 - Applications dismissed v Court of Auditors: g.2.1984, 315/ 82 &,10/831 - Applications dismissed

Orders for removal from the Court register 15.12.1983, 3l/83 - M. Rosani and Others v Council 14.12.7983,146183 - M. Maxwell v Court of Justice

t oJ c 80, 21.3.1984. 2 ol c79,20.3.1984.

Economic and Social Committee Opinions

prices 21sth plenary sessron Agricuhural and related tneasures Social Com- 2.4.27. The Economic and 2.4.29. A large majority of the Committee plenary in Brus- mittee held its 215th session (70 votes to 21 with 19 abstentions) came 1 March with Mr sels on 29 February and out in favour of a moderate price increase Ceyrac in the chair. varying from product to product in order The session was almost entirely devoted to to create a price range which would act as agricultural matters and was attended by an incentive for products in deficit and a Mr Poul Dalsager, Member of the Commis- disincentive for those in surplus. The opin- sion with spetial responsibility for this ion recommends direct support measures sector. for the incomes of small farmers in areas with high inflation. 2.4.28. The traffic jams caused by French lorry drivers at the Brenner Pass and other The Committee amended the opinion from border crossings led the Committee to ap- its Section for Agriculture, adopting a more peal to Europe to accept its responsibilities differentiated formula than either of the two ind take steps to create a genuine internal options offered, which were: acceptance of market.l The Committee referred to the the average increases proposed or slightly views it had already expressed on this sub- higher average increases for products whose ject, notably in February 1983,2 making the production is or will be limited and for point that the removal of technical barriers those for which there are no disposal prob- and legal and administrative obstacles to trade are a truly vital element of a European strategy aimed at urgently relaunching the Community both economically and soci- 1 Point 2.1.8. ally. 2 Bull. EC 2-1983, point 2.4.30.

ttz Bull. EC 2-1984 Economic and Social Committee

lems. The Committee also rejected the sug- to some products in preference to those gested price ratio of L.6:l berween olive oil from less-favoured regions, treating small and oil from oilseeds. producers and large farms on the same foot- Mr Dalsager opened the debate on agricul- ing, the defects and shortcomings of structu- tural prices with a statement setting the ral policy, the disparity between prices paid proposals against the broad context of ef- to producers and those demanded of con- forts being made to streamline the operation sumers, etc. of the common agricultural policy. The pro- With regard to the price proposals, which posals could be broken down into three some found unacceptable and others felt main themes: control of production, unity were not harsh enough, a number of Com- of the market, and a consistent policy mittee members expressed the desire not towards non-member counrries. They had that more should be spent but that spending to satisfy two constraints: should be more rational. They asked for (i) a social constraint, since it is impos- clear aims to be established which took sible to control production through price account of farmers' incomes and for medi- policy alone, though price policy can-pro- um-term planning to be instituted to enable vide producers with useful guidance; farmers to direct their production. In general terms the Committee asked for more (ii) a budget constraint, since the Com- emphasis to be laid on the social aspects mission had no further room for mancuvre of agriculture without coming to any conclu- under the existing own-resources arrange- sions as how these ments. to should be financed. Replying to members of the Commirree, Mr Ot h e r agricultur al p r op o s als Dalsager explained that the Commission had been forced to reduce milk production 2.4.30. The Committee adopted eight because alternative measures had not been other opinions on proposals made by the taken in time. He stressed the need to bring Commission over the last few monrhs: production down to 97.2 million ronnes (i) Dism^antling monetary compensdtory and pointed out that each million ronnes of amounts.z The Committee approved the surplus was costing the budget 275 million Commission's proposal by 50 votes to 12 ECU. tDUith regard to the structural difficul- with 9 abstentions, while recognizing the ties of the Mediterranean regions, Mr Dal- need to provide fair compensation for the sager reiterated that these could not be ser- repercussions which dismantling would tled by acting prices (though on alone these have on the incomes of farmers in iountries products' share of EAGGF Guarantee Sec- with positive MCAs. tion expenditure rose from 8% to 24o/o between 7978 and 1983). This was why the (ii) Amendments to the socio-structural Commission had proposed specific meas- Directiues.3 While endorsing the Commis- ures for these regions, the integrated Medit- sion's proposal, the Committee felt that erranean programmes, in March.l structures policy should be given more importance in relation to policies on markets As is usually the case for agricultural mar- and prices. It regretted that the Directive on ters, Committee member's opinions varied encouraging older farmers to cease activity according to northern or southern geogra- had not been renewed. phical origin rather than along the normal group lines. In a lively debate marked by a Iarge number of speeches a whole range of ggneral criticisms were advanced, attacking I changes to the 'social pact' (liberalization , Bull. EC 3-1983, points 2.t.t2l and 3.4.1 to 3.4.3. of the industrial markei OJ C 299,5.t1.7983; Bull. EC 10-1983, points 2.1.102 to in return for sup- 2.1.tM. port of agricultural incomes) on which the 3 oJ c 347,22.72.7983; Bull. EC 9-1983, points 1.2.1. to CAP had been founded, privileges granred 1.2.10.

Bull. EC 2-1984 113 Economic and Social Committee

(iii) Tax on oils and fats.l Following on the Community, both north and south. It from the debate held in October 1983,2 the could not, however, see any good reason for Committee rejected by a small majority the discontinuing three-month private storage. orooosal for a tax. because this would raise (vii) Proposal on oils and fats.6 The Com- brices of vegetable oils and fats for consum- mittee regarded the proposal to introduce a Ers and would be likely to have repercus- guarantee threshold for sunflower oil as sions on trade with non-member countries, unrealistic since the Community was a net in particular the United States. The farmer's importer of this product. representatives voted against the opinion and issued a minority statement. (viii) Proposals on fruit and uegetables.T The Committee weighed up the impact the (ii) Proposals on tbe consumption of milh proposed amendments would have, gener- and milk products.3 The Committee appro- llll slight for the Community as a whole ved nem.- con. with 8 abstentions the aids but often significant at regional level. It for consumption section of the Commission was concerned that expenditure should be proposals (aid towards the use of butter, strictly controlled and a consistent policy ior toncentrated skimmed milk, disposal of implemented to prevent distortions in pro- butter at reduced prices for direct consump- dultion and competition between final tion, fat content of milk), but requested that products, and that processing aid should be a careful analysis should be made of the maintained both to help the Community cost of each measure and that a system of economy and to ensure the smooth opera- checks should be set up to prevent fraudu- tion of quota-free import arrangements for lent use of these products. The opinion on products from non-member countries. milk sector production, which represents the other side of the Commission's proPos- Opinions adopted uithout discussion als, was referred back to the Section for Agriculture. An amendment calling for ref- 2.4.31. The Committee also adopted, erence quantities for products bought in without discussion, opinions on the fol- rather tlian for production in general will lowing: be examined by the Section. (i) an amendment to the Regulation on the application of the nomenclature of the (v) Proposals on cereals.4 A very large ma- CCT;8 jority of the Committee was in favour of the policy to improve the quality of bread (ii) a fourth amendment to the Directive wheit varieties but expressed surprise that on tax reliefs on the importation of goods the approach advocated was that of acting in small consignments of a non-commercial on pr1-es. It considered the aim of bringing- character;9 Community cereals prices closer to those of (iii) a proposal for a Recommendation to its main competitora unrealistic, since it felt national railway undertakings on technical that this took no account of differences matters concerning operation and internal in production factors, competitiveness or barriers to the c.olsit g of frontiers;10 trade policy and recommended that all GATT- contracting parties should observe their multilateral trade agreements more strictly. t OJ C 289, L5.10.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.95. 2 oJ c a58, 31.12.1983; Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.4.44. (vi) Amendment of the basic wine regula- 3 oJ c 314,19.17.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.84. tion.s By a very large majority the Commit- 1 oJ c 298,4.11.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.110. 5 oJ c 312,17.11.1983; Bull. EC l1-1983, point2.t.722. tee approved the Commission's proposal 6 to control wine production and improve oJ c301, 8.11.1983; Bull. EC 10-1983, poinr2.1.110. 7 oJ c a01, 8.11.1983; Bull. EC 10-1983, point 2.1.111. quality. It endorsed the new requirement on 8 OJ C 317,73.11.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.40. minimum natural alcohol content, provided e oJ c 3,6.1.1984; Bull. EC 12-1983, point 2.1.58. that the rule was observed in all parts of 10 oJ c 254,22.9.1983; Bull. EC 9-1983, point 2.1.131.

tt4 Bull. EC 2-1984 European lnvestment Bank

(iv) an amendment to the Decision on gen- at Montalto di Castro, Lazio, of 1905 MW eral measures in the field of data pro- installed capacity, LIT 30 000 million cessing;1 towards the development of a computerized (v) a proposal for a.Decision adopting system to coordinate national production a concerted-action project on the use of and transmission facilities more efficiently lignocellulose-containing by-products and and thus allow for appreciable energy saving contribute to greater supply security other plant residues for animal feeding.z and and, finally, LIT 10000 million to erect more than 1000 km of high-tension cable European lnvestment Bank (two north-south links and one east-west link) and build substations.

Operations in January LIT 55 000 million was lent for natural gas and February distribution: LIT 40000 million to Italgas Sud for setting up 13 new distribution net- 2.4.32. In January and February the Euro- works in Apulia, Calabria and Lazio and pean Investment Bank announced loans for LIT 15000 million to Metano Citti to build investments within the Community totall- five networks in Campania,Lazio and Apu- ing 609.4 million ECU.3 The breakdown lia and extend twelve others in Abruzzi, was as follows: 383 million ECU for in- south Lazio and Apulia. the vestments in Italy, 201.7 million in Finally, the EIB lent LIT 125 000 million for United Kingdom and24.7 million in lreland. investments in the rational utilization of In this total 113.5 million ECU was pro- energy: a global loan (credit line) of LIT vided from the resources of the new Com- 100000 million to IMl-lstituto Mobiliare munity borrowing and lending instrument Italiano for onlending for small and medi- (NCI).4 Outside the Community the Bank um-scale investment in industry and infras- lent 106.3 million ECU to two Mediter- tructure in north and central Italy to reduce ranean countries (Yugoslavia and Egypt). energy consumption and replace oil by other fuels. Another global loan (LIT 25 000 Community million (granted to Mediocredito Centrale will be onlent by the regional Mediocrediti Italy for the same type of investment in manufacturing industry, hotels and services, again 2.4.33. LIT 525000 million was lent in in central and northern Italy. Italy, including 120000 million from NCI resources, mainly (LlT 290000 million) for lndustry: A loan of LIT 87 2N million to the improvement of energy supply in ac- Aeritalia will go towards construction of cordance with Community objectives. LIT the ATR 42 aircraft in the province of Na- 115 000 million went to industrial in- ples. This was granted through IMI, Banco vestment in the Mezzogiorno and high-tech- di Napoli and Interbanca. The ATR 42, a nology projects and LIT 120 000 million short-haul40-50 seat aircraft built in collab- was granted from NCI resouries to provide oration with the French company A6rospat- financing for investment by small and medi- iale, is the outcome of the latest technologi- um-sized industrial enterprises in central cal research and findings in aeronautics, and northern Italy. Energy: Loans for LIT 110000 million were granted to ENEL (Ente Nazionale per t oJ c 334, 10.12.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.26. 40000 million 2 oJ c 320,26.11.1983; Bull. EC 11-1983, point 2.1.182. I'Energia Elettrica): LIT 3 towards the construction of a pumped stor- The conversion rates at 30 December 1983 used by the Presenzano, Cam- EIB in statistics for the first quarter of 1984 were I ECU = age power station in BFR 45.10, DKR 8.18, DM2.26, DR 81.78, FF 5.90, HFL pania, of 1000 MW installed capacity, LIT 2.54, IRL 0.73, LIT 1372, LFR 46.10, UKL 0.57, USD 0.83. 30 000 million for a nuclear power station 'f OJ L 298,20.10.1978; Bull. EC 70-1978, point 2.1.10.

Bull. EC 2-1984 115 European lnvestment Bank especially as regards the engine and elec- conjunction with Electricit6 de France and tronic equipment. is due for completion at the end of.7986. LIT 25 000 million was granted for the ra- The investment, estimated at over 1000 tionalization of an electronic components million ECU, involves the laying of 8 cables plant at Sestri, Liguria. The investment in- over 69 km (of which 45 km submarine volves the development of software to im- cable in four 1.50-metre-deep trenches) be- prove the flexibility and adaptability of tween Bonningues, 8 km from Calais, and hardware microprocessor applications, in Sellindge, 24 km from Dover. The project both for products and the manufacturing also includes construction of two converter process; the procurement additional of stations, control centres and various ancil- equipment to raise production capacity and lary installations. The scheme will provide to strengthen the research laboratories in a reliable, efficient link between the two order to introduce more innovative prod- grids and connect the British power net- ucts; the build-up of reseaich in advanced- work with the whole of the West European technology areas, such as automated fac- system, enabling the two grids to enjoy tories, electronic mail techniques and third- greater operating flexibility and enhance generation robots. their security of supply. This loan puts the Finally, LIT 2500 million was granted to total amount lent by the EIB, both from Italjolly to finance improvements in hotels its own and NCI resources, for this cross- at Avellino, Caserta, Catania, Palermo and channel power link to 278 million ECU Siracusa. (UKL 120 million to the CEGB and FF 500 million to EDF). Small business: LIT 120000 million was lent finance productive investments in to UKL 45 million was lent for various infras- small and medium-sized firms in northern tructure projects: and central Italy in the form of three global loans (LIT 70000 million to IMI, LIT UKL 14 million to the North-'West Water 30 000 million to Interbanca and LIT 20 000 Authority for sewerage and sewage million to Efibanca) which will be going to disposal/treatment schemes in the Mersey- ventures in Piedmont, Val d'Aosta, Liguria, side area to clean up the Mersey, reduce the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, in a num- Ievel of pollution in the Mersey Estuary and ber of provinces in Veneto and Tuscany and improve the disposal of sewage sludge in in Greater Rome. The European Council the area. The project also benefits from has frequently emphasized the importance European Regional Development Fund aid. of productive investment in the Community UKL 5 million was lent to Merseyside and of increasing the Community's lending County Council for road upgrading works with the aim of promoting the creation of in the Liverpool area, improvements to Liv- jobs and deploying more advanced technol- erpool Airport and Garston Bus Station, ogy to help companies keep abreast of com- construction of a new ferry landing stage petition. and terminal at Woodside, and development of a new waste disposal site at Sou- United Kingdom thport. UKL 5 million was also lent to the West Yorkshire Metropolitan County 2.4.34. UKL 115 million was lent, includ- Council towards extension of the main run- ing UKL 70 million to the Electricity Coun- way and associated improvements at Leeds- cil for onlending to the Central Electricity Bradford Airport, in particular a 600-metre Generating Board for laying high-voltage extension of the main runway, extension submarine power lines to Iink the British of the aprons, car parks and freight area and French power grids. The total nominal development, improved instrument landing capacity of the connection will be 2 000 and airfield lighting systems. The improved MW. The project will be carried out in communications should be a spur to devel-

716 Bull. EC 2-1984 European lnvestment Bank opment in the Yorkshire and Humberside assisted areas in the United Kingdom. The regton. use of NCI funds has made Community In Wales, a UKL 2 million loan was made finance available for such investments, ir- to Dyfed County Council to help fina,nce respective of their location. construction of a 5.5-km road linking Llanelli with the M4 motorway at Hendy lreland to relieve congestion on the existing road to the East (and London) and to bring about 2.4.35. IRL 18 million was lent for indus- environmental benefits in urban areas, trial training and road projects: which lorries will no longer pass through. IRL 7 million was granted for the extension Finally, the EIB entered into cooperation of the National Institute for Higher Educa- with Cipfa Services Ltd, a financial services tion in Limerick, in the form of new build- company set up by the Chartered Institute ings and equipment for classrooms, work- of Public Finance and Accountancy, Lon- shops and laboratories to double the Institu- don, providing an initial global loan of UKL te's capacity for students to 3 000. The 10 million to finance small and medium- Institute provides a range of studies tailored sized infrastructure projects carried out by specifically to the needs of business and local authorities, mainly in the fieldd of industry and in particular to keep pace with transport, water, sewerage and sewage the latest developments in technical pro- treatment, as well as the construction and gress. improvement of industrial estates within designated assisted areas. The funds may A loan totalling IRL 11 million from NCI also be used elsewhere for communications resources was made for improvements to works with a Community interest (e.g. im- major trunk roads. The improvement provements to an airport or port). schemes including major works near Dublin, Kilkenny,- Swords, !flaterford and As regards small and medium-sized in- various other sites throughout Ireland vestment in industry, tourism and related involve the upgrading of 40 km of existing- services, UKL 9 million was granted in the roads, and building of about 15 km of new form of global loans: UKL 5 million to the roads and 8 bridges. The works, expected Royal Bank of Scotland Group and UKL 3 to cost about IRL 44 million, have already million to the Bank of Scotland. been supported by an EIB loan of IRL 11 The UKL 5 million will enable the Royal million in 1983 and by European Regional Bank of Scotland and Williams 6c Glyn's Development Fund grants. Bank to make a series of subloans, each between UKL 12000 and UKL 250000: UKL 2 million is drawn from the EIB's own Outside the Community resources for investment in assisted areas Yugoslavia the EIB lent 66.3 and UKL 4 million is made available from 2.4.35. In million ECU for modernizing the Trans- NCI resources for ventures outside the assi- Yugoslav Railway, the most direct rail link sted areas. between Greece and the other Member Sta- The UKL 3 million will be onlent by the tes and thus between the Community, Tur- Bank of Scotland, principally in Scotland, key and the Middle East. The project will but also in those areas of England where mean considerable economic benefits for the Bank of Scotland operates. UKL 1 mil- both Yugoslavia and the Community. The lion from the resources of the EIB will be funds have been made available to the Rail- used for investment in assisted areas, UKL way Transport Organizations in the Repub- 2 million for ventures outside the assisted lics of Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia and Mace- areas. donia and the Autonomous Province of The EIB has for some time sought to dev- Vojvodina. The capital cost of the project elop loan facilities for small ventures in is put et 752.6 million ECU. Scheduled for

Bull. EC 2-1984 717 European lnvestment Bank completion by 1986, it forms part of a wider This loan commits the last of the 200 million 1700 million ECU programme supported ECU provided for under the EEC-Yugo- by the World Bank and centred on modern- slavia Financial Protocol which came into izing the entire Yugoslav rail network. force in July 1980.

The EIB's loan is to be given over to renova- 2.4.37. In Egypt the EIB granted 40 million ting some 180 km of permanent way, install- ECU for connecting up Shoubrah El Kheima ing an automatic block system on 134 km power station to the national electricity of line, electrifying more than 200 km of grid. The loan was granted under the second line to complete electrification of the entire EEC-Egypt Financial Protocol to the Egyp- Trans-Yugoslav Railway, doubling 27 km tian Electricity Authority, a public agency of track, introducing new signalling and responsible for electricity generation telecommunications equipment and develo- throughout the country. It bears a 3o/o in- ping the operations control system to im- terest subsidy funded from the Community prove the capacity and the conditions of budget. rolling stock movements. The project, costed at some 184 million ECU, covers more than 150 km of power The Trans-Yugoslav Railway covers a dis- lines, substations and ancillary equipment. tance of 1350 km. Modernization works ln 1979 the EIB advanced 25 million ECU and other improvements will help to elimin- for constructing three 300 MW units at this ate bottlenecks. Traffic over the line has power station, which will be fired chiefly been increasing steadily for a number of with local natural gas. Commissioning of years, with freight movements (approximat- the plant in 1985 will provide optimum ely 10 million tonnes a year) accounting for conditions for handling the upturn in elec- almost 50% of overall traffic, mainly for tricity demand from both industrial and Community trade. On the passenger traffic domestic consumers. The African Develop- side, some 1.2 million travellers use the line ment Bank, the Canadian International De- each year for journeys between Yugoslavia velopment Association, France and various and the Community. other lenders are also financing the scheme.

118 Bull. EC 2-1984 PART THREE DOCUMENTATION 1. ECU

Values in national currencies of one ECU Representative rates ('green' rates)

29 Fcbruary 19841 Conuersion rates into national currencies for the ECU used in connection with the common agricultural policy Belgian franc and Luxembourg franc (convertible) 45.9072 Fcbruary 1984 Belgian franc and Luxembourg franc (financial) 47.7720 National currency German mark 2.24126 Dutch guilder 2.53164 Belgian franc and Luxembourg franc 44.9008 Pound sterling 0s7n39 Danish krone 8.23400 Danish krone 8.22298 German mark 2.656601 French franc 6.90188 2.528752 Italian lira 1 393.58 2.542733 2.51457s Irish pound 0.729127 Greek drachma 71.5619r Greek drachma 85.8629 77.247t' United States dollar 0.850359 French franc 6.19564r Swiss franc 1.86442 5.ss40d 6.772974 Spanish peseta 128.711 6.49211s

Swedish krona 6.69798 Irish pound 0.725690 Norwegian krone 6.46267 Italian lira 1341.00 Canadian dollar t.0v0t Dutch guilder 2.813181 Portuguese escudo 112.923 2.721492 2.7$273 Austrian schilling 15.8135 2.70981s

Finnish mark 4.84431 Pound sterling 0.518555 Japanese yen 200.852 For sccds. Australian dollar 0.911891 For cercals. For mrlk and milk products. New Zealand dollar 1.29146 For pigmeat and wine. For othcr products.

I oJ cs9,1.3.1984.

NB. Explanatory notes on the ECU and 'green'rates can be found in Bull. EC 7/8-1982, points 3.1.1 to 3.1.3.

120 Bull. EC 2-1984 2. Additional references in the Official Journal

3.2.1. This section lists the titles of legal instru- Bull. EC 12-1983 ments and notices of Community institutions or organs which have appeared in the Official Journal Points 2.1.100 and 2.1..184 since the last Bulletin was published but relating to items appearing in earlier issues of the Bulletin; Commission Decisions of 21 December 1983 relat- the references were not available when the Bulletin ing to pilot actions in preparation for the integ- went to press. rated Mediterranean programmes oJ L 44,15.2.1984 The number of thc Bulletin and the point to which this additional information refers is followed by Point 2.1.118 the title shown on the cover of the Official Journal, the number of the issue and the date of publication. Proposal for a Council Directive on the limitation of emissions of pollutants into the air from large combustion plants Bull. EC 6-1983 ol c 49,21.2.1984 Point 2.2.35 Point 2.4.33 Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters Special report of the Court of Auditors on aid to establishing links between the European Economic skimmed milk processed into casein and caseinates Community and the International Centre for Ad- vanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies oJ c 41, 15.2.1984 (ICAMAS) oJ c 45, 18.2.1984

Bull. EC 7/8-1983 Points 2.4.27 to 2.4.30 Opinions adopted by the Economic and Social Point 2.1.175 Committee during its session on 14 and 15 Decem- ber 1983 Proposal for a Council regulation on financial support for a multiannual transport infrastructure oJ c 35, 9.2.1984 programme oJ c 36, 10.2.1984 Bull. EC 1-7984

Point 2.2.32 Bull. EC 9-1983 Proposal for a Council Regulation laying down implementing rules for Regulation (EEC) No 3331/ Point 2.1.60 82 on food-aid policy and food-aid management Grants from the European Regional Development oJ c 55, 28.2.1984 Fund for 1983 (third allocation) Points 2.4.42 to 2.4.44 oJ c 30, 60.2.1984 Opinions adopted by the Economic and Social Committee during its session on 25 and 26 lanuary 1984 Bull. EC 10-1983 oJ c 57,29.2.1984 Point 2.1.49 Point 2:439 Commission Decision of 14 October 1983 on the Opinion of the Court of Auditors on the proposal aid that the United Kingdom Government propo- for a Council Regulation on interest subsidies for ses to grant for an investment to expand produc- certain loans granted under the European Monet- tion capacity for polypropylene film ary System oJ L 51, 22.2.1984 oJ c 55, 28.2.1984

Bull. EC 2-1984 t2t 3. Infringement procedures

Initiation of proceedings for failure Internal market and industrial affairs to implement directives (i) prohibition on importing spirits and agricul- 3.3.1. In February the Commission senr letters of tural alcohol (kaly); formal notice to three Member States concerning their failure to incorporate directives inro national (ii) bond in connection with public supply con- (Italy); law, since they had failed to inform the Commis- tracts sion of national implementing measures, in the (iii) 'Buy French' campaign (France); following cases:

Agriculture Employment, social affairs and education (i) Council Directive of 23 November 1976 on (iv) failure to incorporate into national law the the marketing of straight feedingstuffsl (Ireland); Council Direcrive of 17 February 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States (ii) Council Directive of 2 April 19792 amending relating to collective redundanciese (Italy); the Council Directive of 23 November 1976 on the marketing of straight feedingstuffsl (Ireland); (iii) Council Directive of 2 April 1979 on the Agriculture marketing of compound feedingstuffsz (lreland); (v) prohibition on the use of rectified concen- (iv) -First Commission Directive of 10 August trated grape must for the preparation of local 1979r amending the annex to the Council Directive wines and quality wines (Federal Republic of Ger- of 23 November 1976 on the marketing of straight many); feedingstuffsl (Ireland); (vi) differentiation of milk prices charged by the (v) First Commission Directive of 2 May 19804 Milk Marketing Board (England and Wales) amending the annex to the Council Directive of 2 (United Kingdom). April 1979 on the marketing of compound feedingstuffsz (Ireland); Environment, consumer protection (vi) .Second Commission Directive of 2 May 198d amending the annex to the Council Directive and nuclear safety of 23 November 1976 on the marketing of straight (vii) failure to incorporate into national law the feedingstuffsl (Irelands); Council Directive of 9 October 1979 concerning (vii) Commission Directive of 2May 1980 autho- the methods of measurement and frequencies of rizing, in certain cases, the marketing of compound sampling and analysis of surface water intended feedingstuffs in unsealed packages or contiiners4 for the abstraction of drinking warer in the Mem- (lreland); ber Statess (Belgium); (viii)_ Second Commission Directive of 27 June (viii) failure to incorporate into national law the 198d amending the annex to the Council Direitive Council Directive of 30 October 1979 on the qual- of 2 April 1979 on the marketing of compound ity required of shellfish waterslo (Belgium); feedingituffs2 (Ireland); (ix) failure to incorporate into national law the (ix) Council Directive of22January 198ffamen- Council Directive of 18 December 1978 on rhe ding the Council Directive of 21 December 1976 approximation of the laws of the Member States on animal health problems affecting intra-Com- relating to the labelling, presentarion and advertis- munity trade in melt productsT (lrelird); ing of foodstuffs for sale to the ultimare con- sumerll (Ireland). Environment, consumer protection and nuclear safety (x) Council Directive of 9 October 1979 concerning the methods of measurement and frequencies of sampling and analysis of surface water intended ol L 32, 3.2.1977. for the abstraction of drinking water in the Mem- ol L 86, 6.4.1979. ber StatesS (France, Italy). oJ L 239, 22.9.1n9. ol L 126,21.5.1980. oJ L 188, 22.7.1980. Reasoned opinions ol L 47, 21.2.1980. o1L26,31.7.9n. 3.3.2. In February the Commission delivered nine ol L 271,29.10.1n9. reasoned opinions concerning six Member States oJ L 48,22.2.1975. l0 oJ L 28r, t0.11.1v79. in the following cases: ll oJ L 33, 8.3.1r9.

122 Bull. EC 2-1984

Publications of the European Gommunities

m 2 - 1984 Publications of the European Communities 2 - 1984 lntroductory note

This catalogue includes the newly published monographs sequence numbers to the entries in Part I of the monthly and series issued during the period to which it relates by catalogue. These indexes cumulate throughout the year. the institutions of the European Communities, and also their current periodicals. Publications of which English How to obtain publications versions have been issued are listed only in that language; otherwise another version, but only one, is in- Publications may be priced for sale, gratis, or of limited cluded, in the following order of choice: distribution. Those of the last two classes may be obtained from the issuing institutions, or, where they are French Spanish published by the lnformation Offices of the Commission, German Portuguese from those offices, whose addresses are given in the lists Italian Greek on pp. 4 and 5. Publications of limited distribution are, Dutch others however, generally only for the attention of governments Danish of Member States, Community departments and other Where other language versions also exist, cross-refer- authorities concerned. ences are provided by means of a code (those codes for priced publications should be directed to the should not be used for ordering purposes): Orders Sales Offices listed on the last page. lT:1-12 All orders should quote the full title, as well as the ISBN which means that the ltalian version is described in the or ISSN where such a number precedes the prices in the Italian catalogue of January under No 12. This number is catalogue. specific to each catalogue; it is a sequence number printed in consecutive order, opposite each entry in the Abbreviations and conventional signs classified list. The text languages of publications are indicated by the Arrangement following abbreviations: The catalogue is divided into three parts, as follows: DA Danish GA lrish DE German lT ltalian GR Greek NL Dutch Part I - The classified list provides a subiect classification of the titles included under 2O headings ea'ch divided EN English ES Spanish into subheadings (see below). FR French PT Portuguese Under each subheading, monographs and series are A string of such symbols separated by diagonal strokes listed first in alphabetical order; there then follows a denotes a publication in which different language ver- similar list of periodical titles. sions of the same text appear under one cover.

Full entries for monographs and series appear only once; The abbreviation 'multi' indicates a publication with a otherwise cross-references are given to the full entries mixed multilingual text. identifying them by the sequence numbers already described. Periodical titles appear in the classified list only Prices, which exclude any value-added tax which may be as cross-reference entries, full entries being found in chargeable, are fixed in various currencies, using the Part ll. following abbreviations: BFR Belgian franc HFL Dutch guilder Part ll - Periodicals presents full details of each current DKR Danish crown IRL lrish pound Community periodical, listed alphabetically. DM German mark LIT ltalian lira DR Greek drachma PTA Spanish peseta Part lll - The indexes of titles and series are listed ESC Portuguese escudo UKL Pound sterling alphabetically and cross-refer using the abovementioned FF French franc USD US dollar work title subtitle \ \ \ 4O4 NIMEXE 1 - 979: Anllytic!l rlblcr ot foraign tr!dc - Sratrstrcat sequence number -'- Offrco of thc Euopcan Communrlns [Extrnsltlado (rcd covr) - Commtsstoal of the Europoan Communrtrcsl series title volume number issuing institution n.A O1-24: Lue antmlls and animal and vcgstablc p.oducts; lars volume title a;"a-ol+foodstufls, b€vragos rnd tobacco - xvii, 62Op., xrx-xlii; (DA/oE/EN/FRltrlNL) softcovar; 1 6 -----_=- pagination related edition reference bnguageofthetext in the French catalogue weight binding catalogue number l- ce-rc-eo-oor-za+ format

rssN 92-825-1815-9. $r: ECU 393.75, ISBN number + BFR I 5 750. rRL 261, UKL 233. USD 497 prices of the set

ISBN 92-825-1802-7: volume: ECU 50, BFB 2 0o0, IBL 3320. ISBN number + UKL 29,60, USO 63. prices of the volume - -

397 NIMEXE 1 979: T.bl.rux !nllytiqu.r du commcrco rxt6ricur - Offrcc statrstrqu do3 Cmmunaut6s euop6ennes [Cornmacc ext6rieur (couvtrturs ]ougc) - Commissron dcs Communaut6s auop5ennasl n.A O l -24 Anrmsux vivants 6t produits des rillnes rntmal @ v6g6tal, gars*s ct huibs, lllm6nt3, botssons ot tablca - xvii, 62Op., xix-xlii; 3Ocm; broch6; t67Og: (DA/DE/EN/FR/lTlNL) EN:82-1-4O4

CA-NC-8O{O 1 -7A{ ISBN 92-825- I 8'l 5-9: €nssmbto: Ecu 393.75, BFR I 5 75O. FF 2 266 ISBN 92-825-1802-7;volume: fcu 50, BFF 2OOO, FF 288 4

lnstitutions

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Classified Iist

oobstos ol ths Europ€an Pelisment. g:liJlj. political and institutional Dokumenlo und PubIkatron6n, 1 ichos de l'Ewope. Economic snd Socisl Commiti66: Bullotin.

EF-avison. MONOGRAPHS ANO SERIES EG Magarin. I Directory of thc Commirrion ol thc European Communiiioa: January 1984 - Commission ol ths Euoposn Communiti€s: EIB-lnformation. Droctorallc6naral Prsonnel and Administralion - 1Ogpp.: 25cm: Edasc6il. aoftcover:2309; (EN) Eu rnfo, OAA4-2-2. OEt84-2-2. FF 84-2-3. GR 84-2-2. lT:84-2-4. NL:84-2-2 Euopa. CB-38-83-685-EN{ ISBN 92-825-41O8-8: ECU 2,74, Eu@&lnftrmstionen t!. die Jrrgpn@rass. BFR 125, tRL 1.90, UKL 1.60. Ewopa van mqgen. Het Europ.6r Monotlir Stcltol - working on 2 Onlrtlln. Euope 83. porrpcctiovon - van Ypss6la, J.: K@uno, J.{. - 135blz.: 25cm: gebrocheerd; 2609: (NL) [Europes pssptrti€v€n - Commissi€ van Euop€an Ftlo' da Europese Gemmnschappenl Eropean news. FR83-6-2 CB-36-82-43s-NL{ ISBN 92-825-3471-5: ECU 4.55, Europ6sn Padiam€nt. BFR 2OO. Fich€s p5dagogiqEs'30 ius d'Euope'. Communitres' 3 Ouilinc progremmc of thc Commiraion lor 1984 - Commission Inlqmslrm m thc Cout of Jkjstr6 ot the Euopaan of the Europoan Communitcs - 25pp.: 23cm: 6laplod: 609: The lnlqmattons da I'Euostat. programme introduc€d by sddoss to P8rlsmont givon by will be an lnttrma2rmi' Mr Gaston Thqn on 15 Februry 198rt (ENl OA 84-2 -3. DE:84-2 -3. tR.84-2-4. G8.84-2-3 lnf fr mszioni docum6nti. fts of charge. lnffi marimi rasssgna psiodica. 4 Slmmlung dcr von dcn Europiltchcn Gomaintchlftcn Otficill Jounal of the Euopcan Cmmunirios, 6sios C: lnfsmatrm golchlortrn Uborcinkiinfte 1 980 - Kommission dar snd Notic.s. EuopErschen Gemeinsch8ftsn Otfrcisl Jounalol tha Euopoan Communrtl6s, sorios L: Legislstion. n.1O - uiv, 1 6605.: 1 7cm: g€bundan: SOOg: Erginzungsband (DE) Poinls do rep&6: auppl6mcnt I 30 irus d'Euope. DA 84- l -6. Fn 83- 12-3. II:E3- 12-3 Press Releas6. RX-36-82{07-DE-C ISBN 92-82.1€1O4-9 Etpottaixil Kathrya, ISBN 92-825-3231-3: ECU 65,70, BFR 3OOO.

5 Sovontoonth Gcnorrl Brport on thc Activitiot of thc Europcan Communitior - Commrssion ot th€ Europoan Communities 1983 - 357pp., 1 1 figs.: 23cm: softcover: 58Og: (EN) DA 84 -2 -,[. DE:84-2 -6. FR 84-2- l. GR.84-2- r. lT 84-2- 1. NL8'l-2-6 Customs union CB-38-83-774-EN{ ISBN 92-825-4189-4: ECU 4.90. 2 sFR 225, tRL 3.60, UKL 2.80, USD 4,50.

MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES

PEBIOOICALS 6 Curtomr valultion, Scyanth updlting - Commissrm ot th6 Euop€an Communrtios - 1 14pp.: 2lcm: lm$ loat: 1429: (EN) 30 rours d'Euop€. DAr84 - 2 - 5. OE:84 - 2 - 6. FR:84 - 2 - 6. fi A4 - 2 - r. NL 8'l - 2 - 6 Awupa. CB-37-83-926+N-C : ECU 3,28. BFR 150, IRL 2.4O, Bsckgrdnd R6pct. UKL 1.90, USO 3.

Berichto und lnfo.matDnen, Bullotrn of tho Europaan Communrtres.

COM 0ocumoni3. COM Daumentg. COM Dmuments: Monthly cstsloguG. Committoe R6ptrts of tho Europ€an P8rlismont. Communaut6 curop6onn6: Lettro d'informstion du Buleau do Gsnive. Communaur6 Euop6enne lnlqmatronr. Comunidad ouop€s. Comunidades Euopeias: lnfcmagio. Comuniti europee, Aoriculture, forestrV anaflsnerlll Offrcial Journal of tho Europaan Communitiss, serias L: Logislatron. 3 R6ptrts of Cas€s b6for6 th6 Cowt ot Justico,

MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES

7 Thc Agriculturll Siturtion in the Communlty - 1983 Fcport - Commission of tho Ewopean Cornmunrtos Socialaffairs goftcovar: (EN) 1983 - 427pp., 1 3frgs: 23cm: TOOg: 5 OA.84 - 2 - 6. DE:84 - 2 - 8. FR 84 - 2 - 8. GR.84 - 2 - 7. lT 8/t - 2 - 9. NL:84-2-B CB-38-83-637-EN-C |SBN92-825-4O7G7:EcU20,68, MONOG6ApHSANDSERTES BFR 950, rRL 15,10, UKL 1 1,90. 1 1 La chlngcmont tcchnologlque, l'amploi, lcs qullificrlion!.t Foro!try rt.titticr 1 976-1 980: 1 984 t t la formation - Ssge, A.: Centra euop6en pour le cl5veloppement da 18 fo'mstion prolessionnelle - 79p': 2ocm: brah6: 1 2og: (FR) Prorpcctivc invcntory ot thc rcquircmantr of Grack lsBN Ecu 4' BFR 183' lgriculturrwithtp.cirtrer.roncctolgronomicr.rclrch 31 HX-38-83-427-FR4 92-825'4015-4: T'xics rehtifs i la politique europ6enne de l'5ducation' Tho r!t.r ot vrluc-addcd tax ln agriculturc: 1 984 38 1974-1983 36 I Roportt of thc Scicntific Committoc for Animll Nutrition - Or16cttratlGsnsal Ag.icultura IAgriculture - Drtrtc8t6-G€no]al lnldmation Markot and lnnovairon: Commission of lha Europesn PERIODICALS Communrtresl ll: Cosl - Fourth S6ri6s - vi, 1 2gpp.: 3Ocm: softcover: 38Og: (EN) Euo-Abstracts, S€ctron Stsl. EUR 8769 Hourly aarnings: Hous of wqk. DE 84- 2- r. FR 81 - 2 - 7. lT:8't-2-8 CD-NK-83€lGEN-C ISBN 92-825-4101O: ECU 8,71, lnfqmation Bull6tin ot tha Stsl lndustry Sat6ty 8nd Health Commission. 8FR 4OO, IRL 0.40, UKL 5, USD 7,60. Unemploym6nt: Mmthly bullstin. Vcalional irsinrng: lnfqmation bulletrn. PERIODICALS Weges and incomes - Bapid rnfamatim. Ag.icultual Marksts: Pricos. Wmen of Euope - lnlsmation bullotin. Ag.icultursl priccs. Agricultull statisiics: Crop and animal production. Animal productlon. Crop production. Tortisry soctor EC-agrrcultural price indrcos (Oulput 8nd lnpul). 6

PERIODICALS

Agricultual Mark6ls: Pricos. 4 Law

M.N,GRAPHSAND SERIES -t Transport 9 EC-Yugorlavi! lgrccmcnt., tigntd in Balgrldc on 2 APril , 1 980 - Council of ths Eur@6an communitros - 144pp.: 21cm: aoftcovsr: 1959: (EN) DA:84 - 2 - 8. DE:84 - 2 - 9. FR I'l - 2 - 9. lT:84 - 2 - lO. NL:8/t - 2 - 10 BX-38-83-241-EN{ ISBN 92-824{161-8: ECU 6,54. BFB 300, rRL 4 80, UKL 3.80. USD 6.50.

1O Formuhira dar rctar mir !u polnt plr lrt groupaa Competitaon Jurirto/Linguirtet du Contoil dat Communrut5r g curop5ennct: 2ime 6drtion, ctobre 1 983 - Conseil des Communaut5s surop5ennes: Sos6tariat 96n&al - 159p.: 21cm: broch5: 22Og: (FR) MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES GR:84-2-9. NL:84-2-g g aluiti dllusion rc strcnte. 12 Forc.try ttltirlic! 1 970-1 980 - Statisticsl Otfic. of tha Ew@6an Communhi€s lAgricuhue, fqestry 8nd fishtrEs (g]mn Slmmlung dar von don Europilschon Gamcintchlftcn cws) - Commission o, tho Ewopsan Communrtiosl g..chlotrcn Ubcreinkiinfte 1 980: n.1 0 4 t98rt - 188p.: 3Ocm: softcovs: 51Og: (DA/DE/GR/EN/FR/|T/NL)

PERIODICALS

lntdmaton on the Court of Justrca of the Europaan Communttns.

Li6t ot lsws and r6gulstions adopt6d rn tho Momb6 Statos ot thc Cmmunrti63 in 8pplcatron of acts rdoptod by th6 Communitist. 8

DA'84-2- 12. DE:84-2- 13. Fn.8,a-2- 12. GR.84-2-12. lT:84-2-13 NL84-2-12 Enersy CA-36-82O63-7C-C ISBN 92-825-3899{: ECU 16.51, 12 BFR 750, IRL 1 1.90, UKL 9.60, USD 15.

MONOGRAPHS ANO SERIES

Enargy conrcrvltion by.n.rgy atorlgc - Adv!nccd brttcrict lnd tuel ccllr 26 Taxation g Gcothcrmalcnergy- B & O Progrrmmc 30

13 Tha aocond anargy R & D programmo - Enugy conrcrvltion (1 979-831 - Survay of rcrultr - Zagers, P.: Prlavschi, P.A.: Drectsale-Gensal Scienco, Research and Developmant - 3O9pp.: 24cm: softcover: 65Og: (EN) [Energy - Ortrtsat]G6ntral lnfsmatrm Mrk6t and lnnovatrm: Commissis of tho Ewopoan Communitiesl EUR 8661 Economicaffairs CD-ND-83-166-EN-C ISBN 92-825-1124-X: ECU 18,5O, 10 BFB 850, rRL 13.60, UKL 10.60, USD 16.

Third intcrnation!l tcmin!r - Rcsultr ol EC rcrearch and MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES domonrtrltion prolccta in iho liold of gcothormrl cnorgy - Europaln gcothrrmsl updlta 35

Brhnc.. of prymcnts - Globll dltr 1 971 -1 982: 1 983 37 l

Hct Europc!! Mongtlir Stalral - Ontrt!!n, wcrking an partpgctioycn PERIODICALS

Studiar of nltion!l accountr - No 3: Trendr ln tho public Coal: monthly bullath. (1 finlncct ot th. Mombcr Stltor 970-1 981 l: 1 983 Eloctrical €norgy: monthly bullotrn. Entrgy ststi3tics: Monthly bullGtrn s) Coal, b) Hydcarbons, cl Electrical enegy. PERIODICALS Hydtrsrbons: mmthly bull€trn. Balsncos of paymonts: Ousrttrly dat8. European Economy. European Economy: comploto srtoi ol supplemonts. Europcen Ecmomy - Supplcmont - Sofres A: Rocsnt rconomic trond!. European Economy - Supplcment - Sar6s B: Economic prospccls: 13 '"1:1" Busin6ss suru6y tesult3.

Euopaan Economy - Supplomant - Sorics C: Economic prospmts: Consumc survey reaults. MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES

European Economy snd supplomonts A B C. Enargy !udit No 2 - Aluminium induttry in thr Europc!n Euostattstica; Data fo( shqt-term economrc analysis. Economic Community 25 ln;ustrial shqt-ttrm tronds. 14 Europcln Ccrtifi.d Roforcncc M!t.rhl! R6sult3 ot tho busincar Buryoy crri€d out among manag€monts in (EURONORM-CRMsl tor th. detrrminltion ot thc chemicrt thc Communrty. comporition o, iron !nd atccl productr - lnformrtion Circuhr No 1. Eropoan Crtrfrod Roftranc€ Matenals (EUHONORM{RMs} proparcd under tho suspic€s of tho Euop€an Coal & Stsl Community (ECSC) - lnfqmatDn Crculr No 1 - lron and Stml Nomcnclatue Coqdinatrm Cmmrtt@ - 16pp.: 3ocm: 6tapl6d: 4Og: Octobtr 1 983 (EN) [EURONORM - Euop€an Cost 8nd Sroet Externalrolations Communrty: Commissm of ths Ewopean Communitiesl 1 1 DE:84-2-16. FR.84-2-lit. lT84-2- 15. NL:84-2- tE CB-37-83-683-EN{ : ECU 9,68, BFn 44O, IRL 7, UKL 5.60, USD 9.

MONOGRAPHSAND SERIES Fl.t ghr. ror buildlng 29 EC-Yugorlevla agroem.nt., rignrd in Bclgrado on 2 April Thcrmircha und mrchanitchc Trennvorl!hrcn tiir Boton und 1 980 Stlhl 34

PEBIOOICALS PERIODICALS The Cuier: Afrrce{oribbosn-Pacrfic - Europoan Communrty. lndustrral pJodrctrm: Mtcellaneous sectqs. Monthly oxtarnal trade bullotrn. lndustrial shct-t6rm tronds. lron and st*l: mmthly bulletrn. lron lnd stsl: quariorty and monthly bullottns. Iron and st66l: quererly bullottn. I I

Wagss and incomo3 - R6pid informahon. 19 Th. ccrtificltion of thc contentr of c!dmium, coppor, morcury, lced and zinc in r light .!ndy soil - BCB No 1 42 - Colnot, E.: Gonska, H.: Grrepink, B.: Muntau, H.: Drrctcat&G€ntral Scionc€, R.ssarch and Dsvelopmsnt - iv. 6Opp.: 3Ocm: softcova: 19Og: (ENl [BCR-lnformatron - DrectcateGanoral lnlcmaton Maa€t and lnnovatlon: Regionalpolicy Cmmission of th6 European Communrti€s] EUR 8834 1 4 CD-NV-83O14-EN{ ISBN 92-825-4141-X: ECU 4,36, BFR 2OO, IRL 3.2O, UKL 2.5O, USO 4. a MONOGBAPHSAND SERIES 20 Thc ccrtificltion of thc contonta of cadmium, copp6r, nickol, lcad end zinc ln e rcwage rludgc am.ndod soil - BCB No 1 43 - 1 6 FnpnaixiTapckt llcpgcpcaxfir Atdrrullc EBioyq erilow Co[n6t. E.: Gmska, H.: Griepink, 8....: Dretqstec€ntral Scronco, ix0col - 'Ero poril rdy F,lootraixbv Ruamfitot R6s6arch and D€valopmsnt - iv. 64pp.: 3ocm: eoflcovr: 2OOg: 1981 - 137o.:23cm:&6uo:23Og: (GR) (EN) [BCR-lnfamatrm - Droctffaiec€neral lnldmalion Markot and OA.82-1O8. OE:82-lOO EN82-1O5. FR.82-105. lT:82-106. lnnovatim: Commission ol th6 Euop€an Cornmunrtiesl EUR 8835 N1.82 - lO0 CO-NV-83.O17-EN{ ISBN 92-8254144-4: ECU 4,36, CB-36-82-184-GR-C ISBN 92-825-3288-7: ECU 8,33, BFB 2@, IBL 3,2O, UKL 2.5O, USD 4. BFB 38O. 21 Thc cortifiotion of tha rurs lrlctionr (contentgl of cadmium, cobah, coppcr, mrnglncrc, mlrcury, nickcl, lord lnd rinc in e rcwrge rludgc - BCB No 1 45 - Colrnet, E.: Giopink, B.: Muntsu, H.: DrsctcatFc€nofal Science, Research and Environment Devolopmont - iv, 72pp.: 3Ocm: eoftcovs: 22Og: (EN) and consumor affairg IBCR{nfffmation - Oiroctdsrec€mr8l lnfdmatim Markst 8nd 1 b lnnovatDn: Commission of ths Euopean Communitiesl EUR 8837 CO-NV-83O16-EN-C ISBN 92-825-11143-6: ECU 4,36, BFB 2OO, IRL 3 20, UKL 2.50, USD /T. MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES 22 Thc ccrtificltlon of tho mlta rrlctionr (contcnt!) of Salaclod plpcrr sriting from thc EEC p.imrry rlw mltcrillr odmium, cobalt, coppor, m!ng!nose, mercury, nickol, lo!d programmc (1 978-81 I 32 and :inc ln a tcwagc .ludg. of mainly lndultri!l origin - BCR No 1/t0 - Cohnst, E.: Griepink, 8.: Muntau, H.: OietsatFcendal 1 ppalJonrxil 6 H r e ro)uruil r ov Ftp'sr ciixtin Kamipou - 48o.: Sci€nco, Rssoarch and O€vel@ment - ii, 71pp.: 3ocm: Boftcovs: 23cm: &6ao:9Og: (GR) xciytta:8411 - 'Ernrrri [EiArf,aird 22O9: (EN) [BCBJnfqmation - Otrstsat]G€noral lnlsmation r i: u Fi por ai x 6 t Kut m fi t o tl Mark6t rnd lnnovatron: Cmmission of th6 Euopo8n Cmmunitiesl DA 83- 12 -20. OE 83- 12 -22 EN 83 - 12- 20. FB:83- 12 -21. EUR 8838 1T.83- 12- 20. NL:83- 12 -20 CO-NV-83{13-EN-C ISBN 92-825-4146O: ECU 4.36, CB-NC-84{O1-GR-C ISBN 92-825-4039-1 : \upcdv. BFR 200, tRL 3.20, UKL 2.60. USO 4.

23 Thr Community'a rcrauch lnd drvclopmant progr!mma on d.commissioning of nuclcu powor plania. Third annual . pro!r.r! report (yerr 1 9821 - Dtraclcat€-G€noral Scionc€, Scientific and technical research Rasoarch and D6v6lopm6nt - vi, 1 O3pp.: 3ocm: softcovtr: 3 1 29: (EN) [Nuclear sciencs 8nd tochnologv - Drretqstccondal 1 6 lnfamstion Mrk6t and lnnovation: Commission of the Euop€8n Communrtres] EUR 8962 CD-NE-83O62-EN-C ISBN 92-825-4126-6: ECU 6,53, MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES BFR 3OO, IRL 4.8O, UKL 3.8O, USD 6.

17 Th. cartifiiltion ol thc contcntt (m!rt rrlctionrl ot 24 Efrct. biologiquc. dcr champr magn5tiquo! - Bsllossi, A.: crdmlum, cobrlt. coppcr, m!ngrncrc, mcrcury, nickcl, lcad Direction g6n6rale Sci€nca, rechtrchs ot cl6veloppement - xiv, lnd zinc ln tlwrgc rludg. of domcrtic origin - BCB No 144 - ! 1 75p.: 3Ocm: broch6: 5129: (FFl [Sciences biologiqws - Diretion Colinet, E.: Griaprnk, B.: Muntau, H,: Drrccto.ato.Gonoral Sciencc, gfn&dc March6 de l'infqmation et innovatron: Commission d€s Bcsarch and Devalopmant - iv, 68pp.: 3Ocm: softcovsr: 2 lOg: Communaut6s euop5onn6s] EUR 8398 (EN) [BCR-lnfamatim - Orrtrtqat&Gonorsl lnfdm8tion Mark6t and CD-N|-83€Ol-FR-C ISBN 92-825-4065€: ECU 12,O,|, lnnovatron: Commission of thc Eu@6sn Communiticsl EUR 8836 BFR 55O. CD-NV-83-O 18-EN-C ISBN 92-82541 45-2: ECU 4,30, BFR 2OO, IBL 3,20, UKL 2.50, USD 4. 25 Encrgy audit No 2 - Aluminium indurtry in tho Europo!n Economlc Community - Nowak, S.: OGXII - iv, 123pp.: 3Ocm: 1 I Tha c.rtifiotion ot thc contantt of cldmlum, coppar, ' loftcovor: 360g: (EN) [Ensgy - Orrffto.ato-G€ntral lntdmsllon morcury and rinc ln e olcareout lolm toil - BCR No 141 - Martot rnd lnnovatim: Commrssron o, tha Europ6sn Communiiiasl Cohnet, E.: Gonsta, H.: Gricpink, B.: Muntau, H.: EUR 8813 Oireto(atlccneral Scioncc, R€soarch and Development - iv, CD-ND-83- 1 65-EN-C ISBN 92-825-rt 1O4-5: ECV 7,62, (EN) 67pp.: 3ocm: softcovar: 1 8Og: lBCn-lnlqmation - BFR 350. rRL 6.60. UKL 4.40. USD 7. DrectqateGenral lnfqmatron Morkot and lnnovaiion: Commi$ion of ths Euopcan Communniesl EUR 8833 26 Enaref contcryltion by ancrey atorrgc - Advrnccd brtteri.s CD-NV-83€1s-EN{ ISBN 92-8254142-8: ECU 4,36, lnd lual cclb - Ehringor, H.: Z6gors, P.: Hoyaux, G.: BFR 2OO, IRL 3.20, UKL 2.60, USD 4. DrtrtcstFcontral Scianco, Ra$8rch and Davelopment - 181pp.: 23cm: sft@d: 28Og: Premdings of tho third Contr8ctqs Mmting (EN) [Enagy - Or*td8te€ondal lnfam8tion Mark€t and lnnovation: Commission ol thr Euopoan Communitiss] EUR 8660 CO-ND-83-167-EN{ ISBN 92-A25-4122-3t ECU 9,8O, BFB 450, tRL 7.20, UKL 6.60. USO 8.50. 'to

27 Entwlcklung von Rcchanvarf!hran und Durchliihrung yon 35 Third intcrnltionll reminrr - R..ulta ol EC rotasrch lnd Modallrechnungen rur tharmomcch!niachcn Wachrclwlrkung damonstrltion prolcctt in thc liold of gcothorm!l an6rgy - d.t Srlz.s mlt dor Bohrlochaurkloidung bH. mlt Europ.rn g.othermal updatc - DrrctqatecGnorsl Sci6nce, oingcl!gcrton Abfillbliickcn - Pudawills, A.: Kdthau3, E.: Rasaarch 8nd D€vel@msnt - ii, 784pp.: 3Ocm: softcoor: 2OOOg: G6norsldrokton Wssenschoft, Fd$hung und Enlwicklung - iv, {EN) [Energv - Dr8ctdaleGensd lnlamstDn M6rt€t 8nd 2455.: 3Ocm: broschiort: 6609: (DE) [Kernforachung und lnnovstron: Cffimissim of the Ewopean Cmmunrtresl EUR 8853 -tmhnologie - Gonoraldiroktron lnformationsmarit und lnnovatis: CO-ND-83-17G'EN-C ISBN 92-825-41rtG1: ECU 37, Kommi3sion dtr EuopEischen Gameinschafrenl EUR 88 1 2 BFR 17m, rRL 27, UKL 21.20. USO 32. CO-NE-83-O56-DE{ ISBN 92-825-4085-6:ECU 15,24, BFR 7OO. PERIODICALS 28 Europoen conccrtcd lction - COST 50 - Mltcri!1. for glt turbinc. - EC 1 - Crack initiatlon lnd Orowth ln hlgh EucAbstret3: Sciontrfic and trchnical Publicstims 8nd Patonts: tampcrlturc low cyclc fatiguo - Bresstrr, J.: de Cai, R.: Fenstc, Soctrm I 8nd ll. E.: DrmtqateGanoral Scionco, R6ssarch and Oovolopmont - v, EueAbstrscts, Soclion l- Euatom lnd EEC R6$ech. Sciontrtic 34p.: 3Ocm: stsplcd: 13Og: (EN) cciences - [Physical snd tehnicsl Publicatlons !nd Pstont3. Drroctdatlcenoral lnfsmatim Mrrkat and lnnovstion: Cmmissron ot th6 Ewopoan Communitiesl EUR 88O8 Euo-Abstacis, S€ction ll: C@l - Stml. CO-NA-83{O9-EN-C ISBN 92-825-4 1 25-8: ECU 3,27, Euonot Dr8ne Ngwr. BFR 150, IRL 2.4O, UKL 1.9O, USD 3.

29 Fht gh.t for buildlng - vi, 26 1pp.: 23cm: softcovd: 42Og: (EN) [lndustrial proc6ss€s - Diroctaat+Ggnoral lntdmatron Markot lnd lnnovatron: Commission of tha Eropcsn Communitrosl EUR 8069 DE:8it-2-31. FR 8'l-2-36. lT 84-2-3E Education and cultural policy cD-NF-834O1-EN-C ISBN 92-825-4OO7-3:ECU 18,56, BFR 850, tRL 13.50, UKL 10.50, USO 16. 17

30 Gaothermrl cnargy - F & D Programma - Orrmtdat$.G6n6(81 MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES lnlqmstron Mortot 8nd lnnovation - ii, 12pp.: 2 lcm: staplod: 359: (EN) [Enugy - Di]ectqat&.G6n6ral lnlfimaton Mort€t and Lc chlngcmcnt tachnologiqua, l'amplol, l.! qu!lific!tion3 ct h lnnovation: Commis3im ol th6 Ewopsan Communitical EUR 8832 formstion 1 1 CD-NO-83- 1 22-EN{ ISSN 92-826-4087- 1 : ECU 3,27, BFB 150, IRL 2.4O, UKL 1,9O, USD 3. 36 Tcxtcs rchtirt i la politiquc ourop6ennc dc l'6ducation, 1 974-1 983 - Conssil des Communaut6s euop6ennes - 9Op.: 31 Prorpcctivc invcntory ol thc rcqulramanta of Grcck 3Ocm: koch5: 24Og: (FR) rgrlculiurc with apcci!l rafcrancc to agronomic rclcarch - BX-38-83-257-FR{ ISBN 92-824€155-3: ECU 5,45, Boy8zoglu, J.: Facuhy of Agriculturo, fuistotohan Univorsity, BFB 25O. Salonrks: Oireciorato-Gondal Agricultuc - vi, 123pp.: 3O€m: softcova: 3609: (EN) [Agicultue - Drr&tqatFccntrsl lnfqmatron Mart6t snd lnnovation: Commissrm thc Ewopoan ol Communrtiosl PERIOOICALS EUR 8653 FR.83-lO-4r Euopa-lnfqmationen ffr dic Jugsn@res*. CD-NK-83-OO7-EN{ ISBN 92-825-4081-2: ECU 9,82, Fiches p5dagogiquas'30 d'Euopc'. BFR 450, rBL 7.20, UKL 5.70, USD 8,60. ius

Roportr of tha Scicntillc Committac for Animsl Nutrition: Fourth Scri.r I Tha tacond cnergy R & D programmc - Encrgy contcrvation stat.stics (1979-831 - Surycyorr.tultr 13 1g 32 Sllcctrd prparr rriring lrom thr EEC prlmary raw matorialt progr!mma (1 978-81 I - Drectoralecantral Scirncc, Rssaarch and O6v6lopm€nt - pp.3O1-43rt: 24cm: softcwof: 23Og: (EN) MONOGRAPHS AND SEBIES [Enuronment and qualty of hle - Drrrctorat&Gondal lnfo.mation 37 B.hncr' oI plymrntt - clobll I 971 -1 982 - Statislrcsl Mark6t and lnnovation: Commisgion of th6 Ewop.sn Cmunitrosl drtr EUR 8617 Office ot the Ewop6an Communtti€s [Nstonal ecdnts, finance and balanca of payments (violot - Cmmissim CD-NG83€37-2A-C ISBN 92-825-4086-3: ECU 8,71, cow) ol thc Euop€8n Communrtrest BFR 4@, IRL 6.40, UKL O, USD 7,5O. 1983 - 89p.: 3Ocm: Eoftcovtr: 257e: (EN/FR) FR84-2-37 33 Trnt!lum prntoxid. on t!nt!lum Ioil - BCR No 261 - Soah, CA-37-83-99G2A4 ISBN 92-825-38rtGO: ECU 7,62. M.: Drrsctqat+Gonoral Scicnco, Rosoech rnd Davolopmont - ii, BFR 35O, IRL 5,60, UKL 4,4O, USD 7. 73pp.: 3ocm: roftcovar: 1 9Og: (EN) IBCR-Inlamatron - DrrmtcateGonral lnformation Markst and lnnovatim: 38 Thc ratcr of valuc-eddcd tax ln agriculturc - Slarrstrcsl Offico Commi$ion of tho Euopean Communrtrcsl EUR 8839 of tha Europ€8n Communrtres [Agricultue, tsastry and fishsi€s CD-NV-83€12-EN{ ISBN 92-825-4123-1: ECU 4,30, (grmn cova) - Cmmissioo of ths Er@oan Cornmunrtrasl BFR 2@, IRL 3 20, UKL 2.60, 4. USO 1984 - 25p.: 3ocm: stapled: lOOg: Suppl€mont to'Agricutruat Pric6 Statistrca 1 97 1 - 1 982' (OElEN/FR/lT) 34 Thcrmitchc und m.ch!nirchc Trannvcrfahrcn l0r Boton und DE:84- 2-39. FR.8/r-2-39. lT:8rt-2-38 Strhl - Kloj, G.: G.: Trltsl, Gon€raldrsltDn Wissonschaft, CA-38-83-702-/+A-C |SBN 92-825-4259-9: ECU 2,18, Forschung - (DEl und Entwicllung 96S.: 3Ocm: broschiorl: 28Og: BFR 1OO, IRL 1.60, UKL I.3O, USO 2. IKrnfuschung und -technologie - G6ne]aldrektpn lnfqmatronsmskt und lnnovstion: Kommission der Euop6bchen Gomoinschaften] EUR 8633 CD-NX-83-OO8-DE-C ISBN 92-825-3894-X: ECU 6.60, BFR 3OO. 11

39 Studiaa ot nltionll lccountr - No 3: Trcndr In thc public Oocumcntstim bullotm C. finlncrt of th. M.mbcr Shtc. ( 1 970-1 981 I - Statisttcat Offtco Ookumonto und publikstonon. of tho Ewoposn Communitrcr INrtronal accounts. frnonca and bslanco of paymonls (violot covor) - Commissron of thc Europoan EF dokumcntslim. communrtresl List of addrtDns to thr Lib.ry ot thc cEc. 1 983 - L, 62p.: 3Ocm: soficovsr: 1 9Og: (EN/FR) FR:8'l-2-38

CA-37-83{O5-2A4 ISBN 92-825-3 1 95-3: ECU 3.27, BFR 160, IRL 2.4O, UKL 1.9O, USD 3. 4t ar Miscellaneous PERroorcALs zv

Ag.rcultual MsrkGt!: Priccs.

Agricultursl statistica: Cr@ and snimal production. MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES Animrl prodmlim' Formuhlr. dca rctaa mia au point plr l.r group.r Balances of paymcnts: Ouanorly data. Jurittat/Linguittat du Contcil dct Communaut6r cu'oP'cnn't 10 Coal: mof,thly bulletin. Crop productron,

Ec-ag.icultual price indices (Output and lnput). PERTODTCALS Electrical cnrgy: month[ bullotin. COM Deumont8. Entrgy statr6tics: Monthty bullotin a) Cosl, b) Hydcubonr. c) coM Dmumonts' Er.ctricar €ntrgy. coM Deuments: Monthly cstalo€m' Eurostatistics: Dats ror shdt-ttrm monomrc anarysrE. Euo-Abstroct3' soction I - E(etm rnd EEc Rs$ech' sci'ntific Hourry oarnings: Hoqs o, wdk. and tshnical Publications !nd Patsnts. Hydocarbons: monlhly bullolin' supplomant lo th6 official Jounll ot thr Erogran cornmunitio!, lndugtrisl productron: Mrscollgncou3 srctqr. grics S. lndustrial shqt-torm trand3. lnfqmatim! da l'Euroslat. lron and 8t6l: monthly bull6tin. lron snd Bt6€l: quartsly lnd monthly bull6tinr. lron 6nd sto€l: quortorly bullohn. Monthly oxttrnal trod6 bullotrn. Unamployment: Monthly bull6th. Wag6s and incom6! - Fapid infsmation.

SiUtiographyanddocumentation 1 g

MONOGRAPHS AND SERIES

Formulrirc dcr actat mit !u point par lcr groupct Jurirtar/Linguiatcr du Conrcil dca Communaut5t curop6cnncr 10

40 Glostlrium: Glottlry of llbour lnd trrd. union movcmcnt - Commission of tha Ewoposn CommunitEs: Ttrminolo€y sryie - 2 1 6p.: 23cm: softcovc: 35Og: IDA/DE/GR/EN/FB/|TINL/ES) DA.8ia - 2 - 41. OE:84. 2 -41. FB 8ir - 2 - 40. cfi 84- 2 - 40. lT 84 - 2 -41. NL.8/r - 2 - ial ISBN 92-825-332G4: ECU 17,41. BFn 8OO, IRL 12.70, UKL 10,USO 16.

PERIODICALS

Bulletin: European Documontation Contros - Oopositary Librario!. COM Dmumrnts. COM Documents. COM Documsnts: Monthly catologuc. Deum6ntation bullotin A.

Dcum€ntstron bul16tin B. 12

Periodicals

D€:8tl - 2 - P64. FR:8't - 2 - Pl5 P1 30 Jourr d'Europo - Commission dc! Cmmuncut5s cuop6ennes ISSN 0378-357X: sub3siptron: ECU 1O,60, BFR 480, IRL 7.60, - Parir, Bwcau dc prossr .l d'inldmltrm - 28cm: (FR) - m6nsuol, UKL 6, USO 10. rbmn.mcnt: Prr(pff itudirnts: FF 30. P13 COM Dcumcntr - Cmmission ot the Ewopean Communities - PZ Agrlcultural Markctt: Prlcaa - CmmB3im of tho Eqopoln 3Ocm: (EN) - approximstoly daily. Communiti6!: Dirtrlqstlcandal Agricultuc - 3ocm: OA.84 - 2 - P69. DE 84 - 2 - P66. FR.84 - 2 - Pl7. GR:84 - 2 - Pt. (OA/08/GR/EN/FB/lTlNL) - monthty. fIr8/t - 2 - Pl5. NL:84 - 2 - Pl I DA:8,r-2-P73. OEt81-2-P2- FR:8tt -2-P68. GA Sa- 2-P5. ISSN 0254-1475: subscriptm: ECU A72,75, BFR 4mOO, IT:8tl - 2 -P68. NL:8ti - 2 - P68 l8L 632.60, UKL 5O5. USD 752: Paps cditbl mplata wth ISSN O25G96O1: subsc.iption: ECU 82,50, BFR 3780, in*x$. rRL 69.76, UKL 47.75, USO 71. P14 COM Dcumcntr - Commissim ol the Euopean Communrtres - P3 Agrlcullurll prlc.r - Ststistiel Offica of th. Euopcan Mrqo6che, 24x: (EN) - rpproximataly darty. Communitns: Cmmission of thc Euopcln Communitica - OA 84 - 2 - P7O. DC:8/t - 2 - P6r. F8.84 - 2 - P18. Gn Bit - 2 - P2. misofrche: (0E/EN/FR/|T) - quartdly. lTr8it - 2 - Pl8. NL:84 - 2 - Pl2 DE 84-2-P3. FRtEl-2-?72- n 81-2-P12 subssiptim: ECU 152,75, BFB 7OOO, IRL 111, UKL 89,

sub3cription: ECU 24, BFR 1 1OO, IBL 1 7.60, UKL 1 4, USD 2 1 USO 1 32: Msofiche aditrm, ffiphte with indexes (ut papu singlrcopios: ECU 6,58, BFR 3oo, IRL 4,60, UKL 3.70, onlil, usD 6.60. P15 COM Documcntr: Monthly utalogua - Cmmission ot th€ P4 Agrlculturll ttltirtics: Crop lnd lnlmal production - Euopeen Cornmuniti€3 - 3ocm: (EN) - mmthty. St8trstiolOfficc of thc Euoprln Cmmunrilca: Co.nmission of the OA:84 - 2 - P7 1. DE:84 - 2 - P68. FB 84 - 2 - P27. G8:8/r - 2 - P3. Euopcan Cmmunitica - 3ocm: IDAIOEIENIFRIII NL) - quarrely. fi .81 - 2 - P27. NL:84 - 2 -Pt3 OA.84-2-P74. DE.84-2-P4. Ff,:84-2-P8/t. ITr84-2-P83. subssiptim: ECU 32,75, BFR 15@, IBL 24, UKL 19, USD 31. NL:8'l-2-POg lubsiptim: ECU 63,26, BFR 2440, IRL 38.60, UKL 30.76, P16 Committca R.portr ot tha Europa!n Parliament - Euopean uso 46. Parliamsnt - 30cm: (EN) - inagulr. DXA{ - 2 - P76. D€:84 - 2 - PrE. FB.8ia - 2 - P28. lT:8'l - 2 - P28. P6 Anlmrl producrion - Statisticrl Offic. ol thc EropGan NL:8/t-2-P85 Communitics: Cmmission ol tho Euopran Cmmunrtnc - 3Ocm: subssiptim: ECU 62.35. BFR 24@, IBL 38, UKL 30.25, lD AIDE IEN lFRlfi lNLl - quartsly. USD 49: Subsanlotrbn lrm Much 1983 to Fctuuary 1981. DA:8il - 2 - P3. DE:8/t - 2 - P8O. FR.84 - 2 - P73. ll:84 - 2 - P73. NL:84-2-P2O P17 Communaut5 lurop6rnno: Lcttrc d'informltion du Burc!u ISSN O25G658O: eubraiptim: ECU 31,65,8FR 145O, IBL 23, dr Gcnivr - Cmmission dca Commmsut6s cuop66nn6s - UKL 18.26, USD 28. Gcnive, Ercau de prassc 6t d'intamatDn - 30 cm: (FR) - hsbdomadairs. P0 Avrupa - Cmmiraion of thc Euopcln ,ommunrtio! - Ank6rr, gratuit. Awup! toplulugu komisyonu .nfqmlsyon - 27 cm: (TR) - monthly. frG. of chargr. P18 Communsut5 EuropSanna lntormrtions - Cmmissim d6s Communaut6s cuogr6onnas - P&r!, Bueau de prsss€ ot Blckground Rcport - Co.nmission of [email protected] Communitica P7 th. dinfqmstim - 31cm: (FR) - msnsuel. - Lmdon, lnfqmltion - - offio 3Ocm: IEN) kcgular. ISSN 0223-3053: abonement:aidrctiil & ptix pM frm of chrgc. cbeMmcnts gtd-E ds. P8 Brhnc[ of peym.ntr: Oulrtcrly d!t! - Cmmilsion of tho P19 Comunldld .uropce - Orrei6n Gensal do lnlamsci6n: Ewopcrn CmmunitiGs: StstrsticalOffre ol th. Euop.ln Comisi&r & las Communidsdes ou@68s - Bruxellas-Brussel - 3O Cmmuniticr - 3Ocm: (EN/FR) - qurrcrty. (ES) Ff,.84-2-P4 cm: - mcnsual. g.atuito. ISSN 0261-18oo: rubuiption: ECU 10,60,BFR /t8O, IRL 7.5O, UKL 6, USD 1O. P20 Comunidrd.t Europciar: lnformagio - Cmissio das P9 Barlchta und lnform.tlonan - Ko.nmissim d6r Eu@[ischon Comunidades auopoi$ - Lisbos, Br€au do lmpronsa a lntamagio Cxmrinschrftrn - Bonn, Pr.s* und lnfqmationsbiio - 3Ocm: (DE) - 3Ocm: (PT) - msnsual. - zwcimal wdchcntlich. grstuito, ko!tanlor. P21 Comunlti ouropca - Cmmisdm d6lle Cornuniti auopm - P1O Bullatln:EuropalnDocumrntatlonCrntrrr-Dopotlttry Roma, Ufficio ctamps c inldmurmc - 30 cm: (lT) - monsile. LlbrrTl.r - Gsskrll, E. (cdtsi: Commiclim of thc Euopcln gratuilo. Communitic! - 3ocm: (EN/FR)- incgulu. FA:81 - 2 -Pl P22 Thr Courlcr: Alrlce-Caribbcgn-Pacifi c - Europcan trcc of chrga: limitcd dst]butiotr, Communlty - Frisch, D.: Cmmi$im of thc Euopcan Communiriss - BruxollGs - Bruss€l - 3ocm: (EN) - birmthly. P 1 1 Bullatln ot tha Europaln Communltlat - Co.nmislion of th6 FR.84-2-P26 Eropcrn Communiti.! - 25cm: indax (EN) - clcvcn tim!! r y6r. fr6 of chrg6. DA:84-2-PtO. DE:8il-2-Ptrl. FR.84-2-P12. Ga.at-2-P0. [:8'l - 2 -P8. NL:84 - 2 - Pg Crop production - Statistical Otfrcr of thc Eropcan ISSN 0378-3693: rub!6iption: ECU 32,76, BFR 15OO, Cmmunitica: Cmmbsim of thc Euopcsn Cmmunitica - 3ocm: IRL 23.76,UKL 19,USO 36:g,nglcnma'Bont tc. (OA/OE/EN/FR/|TINL) - qurtorly. DA:8it - 2 - PBil OEt81 - 2 - P72. FRr84 - 2 - P76. lTt81 - 2 - P71 P12 Co!l: monthly bull.tln - Strtisticll Officc of thc Eropcln NL:84-2-P74 Cornmuniticr: Cmmi$iofl of thc Euoparn Cornmuniticc - 3ocm: ISSN 0378-3588: subscription: ECU 31,65, BFB 1450, IRL 23, (OE/EN/FRl - moflthU. UKL 18.25. USO 28. 13

P24 Dcbrtot of tha Europaln Parlllmrnt - Europosn Partsmont - oE.84 -2-P34. FR.84- 2-P4t 3Ocm: index (EN) - irregular. ISSN 0378-3561:subssiptrm: ECU 1O,60, BFB 48O, IRL 7.60, OA 84 - 2 - P56. OE 8'l - 2 - P8l. FR 84 - 2 - P26. GR.84 - 2 - P12. UKL 6, USD 10. tI.01 - 2 - P21. NL 84 - 2 - P55 ISSN 0378-5041: subsc{rptron: ECU 63,30, BFR 29OO, tRL 46, P37 Encrgy rtltl.tlcr: Monthly bulletin !l Coal, bl UKL 36.50, USD 65: Subscnprron from Milch lg83 to Fc&uary Hydrocarbonr, cl Elcctricll cncrgy - 3Ocm: - monthly. ,984. OE:8ir-2 -P35. FR:84-2 -P83 subssiptron: ECU 38.85. BFR 178O, IBL 28.25, UKL 22.50, P25 Documontltion bullctin A - Dirmtqst6-G6n6ral P$smnal 8nd USD 34: CooDrhcd subsqiptim. Administraton: Commissron of the European Communities - 3ocm: Eorltc6il - Bailc Arha Cti8th - 30 cm: (GA) - monthty. (OA/0E/EN/FR/lTlNL) - irregular. P38 fr6€ ol chargo. DA,84 - 2 - Pl9. OE Al - 2 - ?22 FR 84 - 2 - P8. IT:84 - 2 -P9 N1.84-2-P22 P39 Eur lnfo - Commission des Communaui6s eu@6enn€s - ISSN 0378-441X: subsclptron: ECU 60, BFB 2750, IRL 43.50, Bruxolla3 - Brusso|, Bureau de pressa at d'rnfcmatron - 3Ocm: (FR) UKL 34.75, USD 62: Ihe subscflpton also cova$ s&,as B and C. - m6n3uol. N1.84-2-P40 PzA Documcntltion bullctin B - Orectdato-Gsnersl Ptrsmnd 6nd gratuit. Administratron: Commis3ion of th6 Ewopean Communrtr.s - 3ocm: (EN) - iregular. P40 Euro-Ab.tr!cit: Scicntific !nd tcchnic!l Public!tion. !nd FR.8'1-2-Pg Pltcntr: Scction I and ll - DuectaatrGensral lnfdmstion Mekat ISSN 0378-4428: subscflptron: ECU 60, BFR 2750, IRL 43.50, and lnnov8lion: Commisson of tho Euopoan Cmmunitios - 3ocm: UKL 34.75, USO 62t Tllc subsdiption also cows seics A and C. (EN) - 24 issuas. subssiprion: ECU 91,65, 8FR 42m, IRL 66.50, UKL 53. ?27 Documantltion bullatin C - Droctsatc-Gcnoral Porsonnol and USD 86: ComDned subsdiption. Administratron: Cmmission of the Euop€an Communrtrss - 3Ocm: (DA/DE/EN/Fn/lT/NL] - kregular. P41 EurGAbrtrlcta, Scction l - Eurltom lnd EEC Ratalrch. OA 84 -2 - P2O. DE:84 - 2 - P23. FR 84 - 2 - PlO. 1T.84 - 2 - P'tO. Scicntific lnd tochniul Publiotionr !nd Pltcnta - NL:8i1-2-P23 DftrtcatFconsral lntqmatim Mrtet end lnnovahon: ISSN 0379-2250: subsoiption: ECU 60,8FR 2750, tBL 43.60, Commission of the Euopaan Communtti6s - 3ocm: (EN) - mmthlv. UKL 34.75. USD 52: Tln subsoiptton also coverc s&ies A and B. ISSN oo14-2352: subsiptim: ECU 62,35, BFR 2rtoo, IFL 38, UKL 30.25, USO 49. P28 Dokumcntc und Publikgtioncn - Kommrssion d6r Europeischon Gomsinschaftsn - Bonn, Prsss& und lntffmatronsbiko - 3O cm: P42 Euro-Abrtrlct!, Sedion ll; Coll - St.cl - Schtrff, H.L. (DE) - monat[ch. ledilu'l: Jay, B. (adrtal: Ormtqateconord lntsmatron Markot kostenlos, lnd lnnovatim: Cmmission ol th€ Eropoan Cmmunrtros - 3Ocm: ind6x (OE/EN/FR) - mmthly. P29 EC-agricultural pric! indicrr (Output lnd lnputl - Statistrcal OE 84- 2 -P41. FR.8ir - 2 -P46 Office of the Euopean Communrti6s: Commission of tho Europcan ISSN 0378-3472: subsciptrm: ECU 52,35, BFR 24oo, IRL 38, Communrtrcs - 3Ocm: (DE/EN/FR/lT) - half-y6arly. UKL 30.25, USD /+9. OEtAl -2-P28 FR.84-2-P6O. 1T.84-2-P8O ISSN 025G5967: subscriptron: ECU 20,75, BFR 95O, tBL 15, P43 Eurontt Di!n, Ncwr - Diroctdatrcensal lnfqmation M8rkoi UKL 12,USD 18. and lnnovatrm: Mast oddi, F. (adrrd - 3O cm: (EN) - quutaly. lrm ol chrge. P3O Echor de l'Europc - Commi$ion dos Communaut6s ewop6cnncs: Bur68u d€ pr63se ot d'infcmatron, Luremboug - P44 Europr - Commissim ot th6 Europosn Communrtres - Bangkd<, 27cm: (FR) - mensuel. Pross snd inlqmatim offim - 3Ocm: (EN) - bi-monthly. graluit. 1160 ot chargs.

P45 Europ!-lnformltioncn fiir dlc Jugcndp.ctta - Kmmission P3 1 Economlc rnd Socisl Commhtaa: Bullctin - Economic and dar Europnischen G€mainschaften - 8mn, Pr6ss und Social Commrtto6 - Brurolle3-Brussal - 21 cm: (E N) - monthly. lnfqmationsbiio - 3Ocm: (DE) - mooatlich. o(.a4 - 2 - P72. OE 84 - 2 -p86. FR 84 - 2 - pt9. GR,8a - 2 -pl L lT:84 - 2 - P 17. NL:84. 2 - P27 kost€nlo3, fta6 of charge. P46 Europa van morgcn - Cmmissia yan ds Eu@€sa Gemeenschappen - Den Haag, VoclchtinFbusau - 3ocm: (NL) - ?32 EF-rviren - Kommrssionen fo De europEista FEll6sskabd - wokolil.s. Kobenhavn, Prasse og infamstronskontor - 29 x 4Ocm: (DA) - gr8tr8. halvm6nedlig. gratr3. P47 Europo 83 - Commrssm of th6 Ewopoan Communitica - London, lnformatim offi@ - 27cm: (EN) - monthly. P33 EF dokumcntltion - Kmmi$ion6n for 0o ouropEisko fr& of chsrgs. Fsllesskaber - Kobenhavn, Pressa- og inlqmationskontq - 2 1cm: (DA) - halvm6nedlig. P48 Europarn Economy - Ormtaatlcanoral Economic and gratrs. FinsncialAflairs: Cmmissim ol tha Europ€an Cmmunitias - 3Ocm: (EN) - thre trm6s a yor. P34 EG Mrgazin - Kommission der Europaischon Gamsinschafton - DA.84 - 2 - P't'1. OEtBl - 2 - ?4r. rA.A1 - 2 - P32. lT:8,1 - 2 - P32. Bonn, Pross& und lnfqmatonsbLo - 27cm: (DE) - monatlich. NL:84-2-P46 Abonnomont ISSN 0379€991:6ubssiption: ECU 22,70, BFR 1O4O, Einzelproise. tRL 16.50, UKL 13.25, USD 23.

P35 EIB{ntorm.tion - Ewoposn lnvostmsnt Bsnk - 30 cm: (EN) - P49 Europcan Economy: complctc lcrioa of aupplcmantt - quetorly. 3Ocm: - 25 issues. OA 81 - 2 - P42. OE 84 - 2 - P48. FR 8it - 2 - lT:8il - 2 - P33. OA 84 - 2 - P27. DE:8i1 - 2 - P3O. FR:84 - 2 - P5. GR 84 - 2 - P/r. P33. lT:84- 2-PE N1.84-2-P3l NL:84-2-P47 ISSN O25G389 1: ftee of charge. subssiption: ECU 24, BFR 1 1OO, IRL 17.50, UKL 14, USO 27.

P36 El.ctrlc!l cncrgy: monthly bullotin - Statrstrcal Offrce ol tho Europaan CommunrtEs: Commtssion of tho Europoan Cmmunttrs3 - 3Ocm: (DE/EN/FR) - monthly. /)/, 14

P60 Europarn Economy - supplamant - Sarlar A: Bacant P61 lndurtrlalproduciion:Mitccllancou!..ciort-Ststrstical aconomlc trandr - Diroctdata-&no(al Econornic and Frnancial Offic€ ol ih6 Euopean Communrtns: Commrssion of the Euopean Atfcirs: Commicrion of tha Euopoan Cornmunitres - 3ocm: (EN) - Communitios - 3Ocm: (DE/EN/FR) - quaridly. clGvan timc! r ycar, OE:84 - 2 - P59. FR:81 - 2 - P71 DA:8a-2-P43. D€:84-2-P49. FB.8/r-2-P34. lT:84-2-P34. subscfiptlon: ECU 14,4O, BFR 660, IBL 1O.50. UKL 8.50, NL:8it-2-P48 uso 13. ISSN 0379-2056: lubssiption: ECU 1 1,35, BFR 620, IBL 8.60, UKL 8.60, USD 12. P62 lndurtrill thort-term tr.nd. - Statislical Offico o, ths Euopean Cmmunities: Commission of tho Euop€En Communrt€3 P51 Europoan Economy - Supplcmant - Earlaa B: Economlc - 3ocm: (EN) - mmthly. proapacta: Eurlncta !uruay rarultt - Drrcctorst6.Gcndal OE:84-2 -P69. FR.84-2 -P59 Economic lnd Frnrncial Affairs: Cmmrssion of thc Euopoln ISSN 0378-7877: subscription: ECU 17,45, BFR 8oo, Communiti$ - 3ocm: (EN) - clcvon timcs r yrar. rBL r2.75, UKL 10, USD 16. DA:8tl - 2 - Pt!1. DE:8t1 - 2 - P6O. FR:84 - 2 - P36. lT:8't - 2 - P35. NL:84-2-P49 P63 lnrormrtion Bullctin of thc St.cl lndu3try Ssrcty lnd Hcllth ISSN 0379-211O: tublcription: ECU 14.66, 8FB 670, IRL 11, Commlatlon - oroctqatFcsntral Employment. Social Atfairs and UKL 8.60, USD 16. Edcation: DrtrtdatFcondd lntdmatim Mark6t and lnnovation: Commisim of rh6 Euopean Cmmunitir3 - 3Ocm: (EN) - irrogular. Europran Economy - Supplamant - Scrlar C: Economlc DE:8/t - 2 -P6O. FR:84 - 2 -Pt3. 1T:84 - 2 -Pl I prorpaclt: Contumcr turuay raaultt - OrrcctcateGcnrol fr€6 of chrgo. Economic rnd Fhancill At skr: Co.nmi!3im of thc Euopoan Communitir! - 3ocm: (EN) - ihrc. timGr ! yGar. P64 lnformltion on tha Court of Jurtica of tha Europ.rn DA:84 - 2 - P46. O€:8/t - 2 - PEl. fn.t/t - 2 - P36. IT.84 - 2 - P3S. Communitior - Cort of Justica of tho Euopoan Cmmunrtios - NL:84-2-P5O 3Ocm: (EN) - quarttrly. ISSN O379-217X: rubrcription: ECU 3,69. BFR 160, IRL 2.50, o^tgl - 2 - ?62. D€.8/t - 2 - P70. FR.84 - 2 - P62. rT 84 - 2 - P67. UKL 2.20, USD 4.20. NL:84-2-P59 frae of chega. Europaln Economy and aupplamantt A B c - 3ocm: - 28 i!rucr. P65 lnformltlons dc I'Eurottlt - Offrm ststistqs des OA:8't-2-P46. DE:t4-2-P52. FR:t4-2-P37. 1T.8,1-2-P37. Communaut5s cuop5ennss: Cornmission d€s Cmmunsut6s NL:8tt-2-P6l curop6cnnes - 23cm: (FR) - trimost iol. rubrcription: ECU 43.65, BFB 2O@, IRL 31 .75, UKL 25.50, DE:84-2-P55 usD 46. ISSN 0378-36OX: gratuit.

Europa!n Flla - Dirccttrltecon$ll ftr lnfsmrtion: P66 lnformazionl - Commission6 chll6 Comuniti euopm - Rma, Commislion of thc Euopcan Cornmunitics - 3ocm: (EN| - twic. Ufficio stsmpa 6 informaziono - 30 cm: (lT) - irsgolro. monthly. g,atuito. DA:8tl - 2 - P38. OE.81 - 2 - P77, FR:8tt - 2 - P3O. lT:8tl - 2 - P79. NL:t4-2-P72 P67 lnformarlonl documcnti - Commission6 d6ll6 Cmuniti o6@€e ISSN O37S3133: frGc of charg6. ' - Rorn!, Utficio stampa c informszion6 - 30 cm: (lTl - ir€gpltro. gratuito. P65 Europarn nawa - Commission of thc Euopcan Communitior - (EN) B!n*o*, Prcss lnd infdmstron olflcc - 3Ocm: - wcrkty. P68 lnformrrioni rltscgnr periodica - Cmmissims dalle ft.. of chrgp. Cmuniti cropm - Roma. Utficio slampa c infcmazione - 30 cm: (lT) - hegolare. P50 Europ.!n P!rll!m.nt - Euopcrn Porliamcnt - 30 x 43cm: (EN) gaaturto. - incgulr. DA:8'1-2-P39. 0E:8'l-2-P46. FR:8tl-2-P89. lT:84-2-P69. P69 lron lnd rt..l: monthly bull.tin - Statisticsl OffEo of th€ NL:84-2-P45 Euopcan Cmmunitres: Cmmission of the Euopoan Communitios fto. ot chrg.. - 3ocm: (DElEN/FR/lT) - monthly. P57 Euroatatlttlct: O!t. ,or rhort-tarm aconomlc lnllytls - DE:84 -2-P3l. FB 8'r - 2 -P8O. lT:8tt - 2 - P8O Stltirticd offica ol thc Euogcan Co.nmuniticr: Commi!3ion of thc ISSN 0378-7559:.ubrsiption: ECU 15,70, BFR 72O, Euopcan Cmmunitica - 30cm: (DE/EN/FR) - clcvcn iim.! r yeu. tRL 1 1.50, UKL 9, USD 14. DE:84-2-PEC. FR E/t-2 -P53 lron lnd .1..1: qulrt.rly lnd monthly bullrtint - 3ocm: - 16 ISSN O26G3921: &brcriptkr: ECU 23,30, BFR 1260, P7O i83Er. tRL 19.75, UKL 15.75, USD 24. DE:8/t-2-P33. FR:84-2-P82. [:84-2-P8l P68 Flch[ pSdrgoglqu.r'3O lour. d'Europ.'- Cornmission do! rubrcriptpn: ECU 47,33, BFR 2160, IRL 33, UKL 26, USD 44: Communaut6c cuop6anncs - Pr.ia, Burlu da prcssa at Cotnb ined sLtbsdiptim. d'intdmltion - 3Ocm: (FRl - mzc num&e pr rn. P7 1 lron rnd .t..1: qulrt.rly bullctin - Statisticll Offic. of tho lbonnrmcnt: Bdc*Etiotl & ptix &oamm.nB gouFis. Ns Ewopean Communrii63: Cmmis3im of tha Euoporn CmmunrtEg P69 Hourly arrnlngt: Houra ol work - Commission of thc Eropcln - 3ocm: (DE/EN/FR/lTl - quarldy. DE:84 2 -P32. FR 2 - 2 - Cornmunitict: Stltirticll Offi6 of th. Euopcrn Cmmunitias - - 84 - -P81. fi .41 P82 3Ocm: (DA/DEIEN/FB/lTlNL) - hatf-yca'ty. ISSN 0378-7072: subscriptim: ECU 41,45, BFR 19oo, IRL 30, DA:61 - 2 - P82, DE:8'l - 2 - P78. FR.t/r - 2 - P57. fi .81 - 2 - ?7 1. UKL 24, USO 36. NL:84-2-P82 ISSN 0378-3696:.ubsdiptio: ECU 20,75,gFR 95O, IRL 16, P72 Ll.t ol ldditlonr to th. Librlry ot th. CEC - UKL 12, USD 18. Oir.ctdltecontral Pasonnel and Administsatrm: Cmmi$im of th6 EUopcsn Communitios - 3ocm: (DA/DEIEN/FR/|TINL) - P6O tlydroclrbonr: monthly bullctln - Statisticll Offr€ of th. mmthly. Euopcan Communiticr: Cmmilsion of thc Euopaln Communitia! DA.8/t - 2 - P8. OE:8/t - 2 - P83. FR:84 - 2 - Pl 1. lT 84 - 2 - P7. - 3ocm: (DE/EN/FR) - monthty. NL:8it-2-P7O DE:E4 - 2 -P6b. FR.ar - 2 - P58 ISSN 0378-3464: subssiption: ECU 5O,2O, BFR 23@, IBL 29, ISSN 0378-3731: tubscription: ECU 20,76, BFR S5O, IRL 15, UKL 36.60, USD rt4. UKL 12, USO 18. P73 Llst ol hwr lnd raguhtlons ldoptcd in tha Mcmbc. Ststcs of th. Communhi!r in rppliiltion of lctr ldopt.d by thc Communhicr - Conol ol thc Euopoon CommunrtEs - 3ocm: IDAIOEIENIFRIfiI NL) - monthty. 15

OA 8'[-2-P57. OE'84-2-P82. FR.81 -2-P77. lT 8'[-2-P76. P84 Wrgcr rnd incor'r.. - B!pid lntormltlon - Slstisticll Offic6 ot NL:84-2-P73 th6 Ewoposn Cmmunitios: Commission o, thG Euopaan fro6 of charge: limitod dstt,bution, Communitics - 3Ocm: (EN) - irrogular. FR:8/t-2-P79 - Statistrcal Offrco ot tho ?74 Monthly crtcrnll trlda bullatin free of chugo. Euopcan Communilios: Commission ot tho Europoan Communrtra3 - 3Ocm: (DA/DE/EN/FB/lTlNL) - monthly. P85 Womcn of Europc - lnformation bullatin - Dretqsteccndal 0A.84-2-P75. OE'84-2-P71. F8.84-2-P14. t1t84-2-P12. fq lnlqmalion: Commis3ion of tha Eu@san Communitica - NL:8tl-2-P7l Bruxclles - Brussol - 3ocm: (ENl - binonlhty. ISSN 0378-3723: subscription: ECU 62, BFR 2840, IRL 45, DA'84-2-P49. DE:84-2-P58. FR.84-2-P64. IT:8/t-2-P3O. UKL 36, USO 54. NL:8/t-2-P83 fro6 of cha.g€. P75 Oflicirl Journ!l of th. Europc!n Communiti.!, tcrl.r C: lnformation and Noticet - All lnstitutions - 3Ocm: {EN} - P86 Fig,n &rf Kwtrqra -' Ern prfi riov Eiytxatxdy approximatoly daily. Kawipov - 'Ad7r6r - 30 cm: lGRl - nvsia trfun. DA 8/t - 2 - P47. OE:84 - 2 - P5. FR:84 - 2 - P88. GR.84 - 2 - P8. 6ope&v. ll 81 - 2 - P67. NL:84 - 2 -P77 ISSN 0378-6986: subscription: ECU 2O9,5O, BFB 9600,

IRL 1 52, UKL 1 2 1 .25, USD 181i Subsdiption comryisa,s seies L and C.

?74 Officill Journrl of thc Europ.ln Communiticr, trrics L: L.githiion - All lnstrtutrons - 3ocm: (EN) - lpproximaroly daily. DA.84-2-P48. DE:84-2-P6. FR.84-2-P67. GR Bit-2-P9. lT I'l-2-P68. NLr84-2 -P78 ISSN 0378-6978:cubscriptron: ECU 2O9,50, BFR 9600, IRL 152, UKL 12 1.25, USO 181: Subsaiptim compri*s suies L and C.

P77 Pointr dc rrpirc: ruppl5ment i 30;our. d'Europc - Commission dos Communaul6s ouopfonnes - Paria, Bu6au do prosso 6t d'informatron - 3ocm: (FR) - mensml. abonnem€nt: rgidrcttil & ptix pM abonnements gtoup6s,

P7A Prcar Balalte - Commission of tho Ewopoan Communitios - Lmdon, lnfqmation offic. - 3ocm: (EN) - iregular, frm of charge.

?79 Fcportr of Carcr botor. thc Court ol Juttic. - Coul of Justica of tho Europoan Communitica - 23cm: (EN) - inegular. DA:84-2-P8O. DE:84-2-P75. FR.84-2-P76. GR:84-2-P13. lT:8t[-2-P76. NL 84-2 -P67 ISSN 0378-7591: eubseiption: ECU 70,35, BFR 35OO, IRL 65.50, UKL 44, USD 66.

P8O Rlrultr of tha buaincrt turvay carrlcd out lmong m!nrgcmcntr ln thc Communlty - 0irocto(alo-Genoral Economic and Frnsncisl Affai.s: Commission of thc Euopcan Codrmuniti.s - 3Ocm: (DA/OE/EN/FR/IT/NL) - monthly. DA:84-2-P79. OE Sa-2 -P37. FR.8/t- 2-P78. 1T.84-2 -P78. NL:84-2-P79 ISSN 0378-4479: subscripton: ECU 5O,2O, BFR 23@, r8L 38.60. UKL 33.50, USD 66.

P81 Suppl.mcnt to ih. Orficlll Journll orthc EuroPcln Communitiet, taria! S - All lnstrtutrons - 3ocm: Publication of noticas of public wdks conracts 8nd public supply contracls rnd invrtstrons to tondef of lho Euop€8n Dcvalopment Fund (EN) - rpproximat6ly darly. 0A.84-2-P8l. DE:84 -2-P79. FR 84-2-P86. GR:84-2-P7. lT:84- 2-P84. NL:8tt - 2 -P8O ISSN 0378-7273: subscription: ECU 93,80, BFR 43OO, IRL 68, UKL 64.25. USo 81.

P82 Uncmploym.nt: Monthly bull.tin - SlatrsticrlOrfico of tho Ewopcan Communitirs: Commission of tha Europoln Communilics - 3Ocm: (EN) - monthly. DE:8'[ - 2 - P7. FR.84 - 2 -P16. lT 8'l - 2 - P26 subssiption: ECU 1O,50, BFR 48O, IRL 7.60, UKL 6, USO 1O.

P83 V@rtionrl lrllning: lnformetlon bullltin - Eur@oan Contro ld tho D6v6lopmont of vtrsrionalTraining: Commission of thc European Communrtns - 3Ocm; (EN) - thrs times E yasr, 0A.84-2-P5/t. OE:84-2-P't2. FR.84-2-P58. lT:84-2-P56. NL:8tl-2-P7 ISSN 0378-5068:oubscripton: ECU 4, BFR 190, IRL 3, UKL 2.60, USD 4. 16

Alphabetical index E

EC-Yugoelavia ogre€m6nt3, signod rn Belgrade on 2 April 1 98O Z - 9 5ducatim, 19 74- 1983/taxtss relatrfs i la poltrque europ6enne de l' A 2-36 EEC Competition rules: Guide ls small snd madium-sizsd ontuprises Tho AgricultualSrtuation in rhe Community - 1983 R6pqt 1- ro - 1983 2-7 Effets biolo€iqms (hs champs magn6tiqms 2-24 lg.icultuo wrth spccial roloronco to lgronomic rososrch/Pjospoctive Entrgy audrt No 2 - Aluminium industry in the Euopean Economic invantcy ot tho roquiroments of Qcok 2-31 Community 2-25 6g.icult[6ffhc rat6s of vslu&!ddad tsx in Endgy audrt No. 3 - Pulp, pap6r and bsd rndustry in tho European - 1984 2-38 Ecmmic Communrty 1- 13 Enorgy consorvation ( Aluminium industry in tho Eropcan Econornic Community/Energy sudrt 1979-83) - Sway of rssulis/Tho scmd ensgy R No2- 2-26 & D programme - 2-13 Eugy conwatron by enargy - Annuol invostmont8 in fix.d rs8€ts in th6 Industrill rntrpriss ol ths storags Advsned bstt{ios and fwl ccll3 Z - 2A mcmbff cont ie3 of tho Euoposn Communitre! 1 975- 1 98 1 - 1983 6ffigy stdago - Advsncod battorics and lwl cells/Energy con*rvatrm 1 -21 bv Atr@hrc rhiniti! in pigr 1- 12 2-26 Entwicftlung von Rtrhonvorlahran und Dwchfiihrung von B Modellrrchnun gan zur thtrmmmhsnisch€n Wochs€lwirkung d6s Sakes mrt dor Bohrlochauslleidung bru. mit 6ingal8garten AbfEllbl6cken Balances of pryments - G€ographrcal breakdown 1 977- 1 981 2-27 L'Ewop€ auioud'hui - Etat da l'lnt6grarion - i983 1 _22 euop66nno - Bllanccr of paymsntr - Giobsl dars 197 1-1982 1982-1983 1 -2 (EURONORM4RMsI - 1983 2-37 Ewop€an Crtrfpd Refsence Mar*ials fq th6 d€ttrminatioo of the chomical composition products Bclgiquc (Lcu atatut, lcr pr6psratron, lewa perspmtivea)/Lc personnel of irm and ste6l - lnlamstm Crculrr No 1 on$ignont ch&g6 de ls lo.matim profcssionnollo on 1-18 2-14 European C*lrfred Bortr6nc6 Mat6r6ls (EURONORM{RMs) prepared Bolon und Stahlffhtrmi*ho und mechanischo Tronnvortahron liir 2-31 under th6 auspies ot the Euopean Coal & Stml Community (ECSC) - lnfsmation Circular No 1 2- 14 biologrquca des champa megn6tiqms/Effats 2-24 Euooosn cmcsrtod lctrm - COST 50 - Matsials fq g8s tubrnes - EC 1 - Bull€tin dos Communaut6s eurogr5ennes/lndex: crack initistim and growth in hrgh tsmpaature low cycle fatrgw - 1979 1-3 2- 28 - 1980 1-4 Ew@oan Unimffowards th6 1-6 c Het Europecs Monetair Stolsl - Ontstsan, wrking en paspetGven 2-2 Evaluatim of tho Eqopean Communily'B radtatlon protectrm ro$ilch Thc cdtrficllion of tha contonts (mrs! fractionsl ot csdmium, cobrlt, programme (1976-8O) 1-14 coppfr, mrngsnBsc, mcrcuy, nickol, lcod and zinc in r sawago sludg6 of domcstic argin - BCR No 144 2- 17 F Thc cfificatim ot thc contonts ot cldmium, copper, mccuy rnd zinc in ! olcrcour loam 8oil - BCR No 141 2-',tB Flat glsss fq building 2- 29 Thc ctrtrticltron of tho contents of c!&nium, copps, mtrcwy, lcld and Fs€stry st8lrstica 1 976-1 980 rinc in ! light 30ndy soil - BCR 142 No 2- 19 - 1984 2-12 Thc cartificlrion of thc contonts of crdmium, coppor, nicl6l, l6ad and zinc fcmateus dans la Communaut6 ewqr6enna: Rappct da in ! rawrgc aludge rmondcd Dil- BCB No 143 2-20 synthi$/Famltion profassionnette et lamslion dos 1 - 16 Tho crrtficstion of rhc mas3 hactions (contonts) of cadmium, cobalt, lqmation profossionnelle dans les pays membres de la Cmmunaut6 c@poa, manglneaa, mdcuy, nictal, had lnd zrnc in a rewsga Bludgc - europ6enne/Systlnes de t-19 BCR No 145 21 2- lcmatrm prolessionnBllo cn Bslgiqe (Lou atatut, lou pr6paratior, lours Thc 6tfi6tion ol thc m$s trlctions (coni6nts) of odmium, cobalt, puspectivea)/Le prsonnel on$ignsnt charg6 da la 1 - 18 coppcr, mtngams, morcuy, nickcl, lcad snd zinc in 8 scw!96 sludgo ldmslrm prol€ssionmlla 6n ltalio - Etst eiwl d6 ls srtuation ot ol mlinv industrill diin - BCR No 146 2-22 pd6psrrvas 6yolutives/La pasonnel de 1 - 17 L. changemont tshnologiqs, I'Gmpld, bs qurlfrcatimr ls rt Fsmaiion prof€ssionnollo ct fqmstion d6s fdmate[s dans ls fqm!lion 2- 11 Cunmuneut6 auop6enne: Bapport de synthise l-16 ch6mewr/Lr phnrficltion do! initiatiyca d6 pr6paration profos3ionnGllc on famatioo/Lo chsngoment tmhnologiq6, l'6mpld, los quatificrtims 6t favcu dce iums ta 2- 1'l Thc Cmmunity't rcacrrch lnd d€volopmont programma on Fsmularra der lct€s mis su point par los groupss Jurist€s/Linguistas du docommisioning ol nucl.a. pows pllnts. Third progr6$ rnnuel ropqt Consoil dos Communsut6s ouof)6onno3 2 - lO (ycr 1982) 2- 23 FRANCE [Strmt16 ol crnings 1978-79 - Principst rasults: - n.2l Cornprndium ol Cmmunity provisrmE on socirl sacwity 1-8 1-27 Corip€trton rulo!: Guida ld lmrll lnd mcdium-si:ad cntrprisol/EEC fuaion nucl6airs conr6l6eAe programme ewogr6en de I - l5 1- 10 Conscil d.s Communaut6t cwop6cnnca/Fcmulsiro dar !cto8 mra au G pdnt pr lcs grop.3 Jristos/Linguistca du 2 - lO Curlom! vllu8tion. SGvcnth updsting 2 - o ga3 tubinos - EC 1 - Crack initi8tion and growrh in high temptratuo lm cycla letigu/Eropean cmcdtad eiion - COST 50 - Mataials fq o 2- 24 Gencal government sccounts snd ststistica 197G1981 Datig6tc orrdzicht d.. w.rtzssmhrdon van do Rrad (1 ionurri - 3 I - 1982 1-24 dccambcr 1982) Gcnual Roptrt on tho Activitiss of ths Eu@c8n - 1982 1- Communrtios/Sewntmnth Drcctqy of th. Co.nmi$im of th. Eroposn Communiticr 2- - 1983 2-6 Dultion of uncmployment: Method3 8nd mer8[cmont in tha Euopoon g€oth6m8l onorgy - Euopean goothamsl updatoflhrd inttrn8tional Community $minr - Bosults of EC roetrch lnd dommstratrm proj6ct3 in th6 - r983 1 -23 lnld ol 2-35 ALPHABETICAL INDEX 17

G€othormal snorgy - R & D Progrsmmo z-30 Pulp, pspor and borrd industry in th6 Euopean Economic glass ror building/Flat 2- 29 Community/Energyaudrt No.3- 1 - 13 Glossarium: Glossary of labour and trado union movomont 2- 40 Gr3ck agriculturs with special reference to egronomic R r6s6srch/Prospeclivo inv€nto.y ot the requirements of 2-31 Baad ( 1 januari - 3 1 decembs 1 g82)/D€rtigsto ov$zicht der I woAzsamhadon vsn do - 1982 1-1 lndex: Bulletin dos Communaut6s ourop6annos Ths rsts3 of valuesddad tax in agriculturo - 1979 1-3 - 1984 2-38 - 1980 1-4 Rshenvartrhr€n und Duchfiihrung von Modellrochnung€n ru industrial onttrprisos ot tho momber countrios of tho Europo8n thsmomochanischon Wmhslwirkung d€s Salzes mrt der Communitns 1975-1981/Annual rnv€stmants in fixed a$€ts in thc Bohrlahauskleidung be. mit oingslagdt€n - 1983 1 -21 Abf 6llblticlen/Entwicklun0 von 2-27 lnfdmstion circulsr no. 2Afy'eldabls finrg.ained structural 6teols: Rogional ac@nts ESA: Ootsil€d tablos by branches 1979/ 1980 RccommendatDns tq prmossing, in particulsr for woldrng - 1 - 1 1 - 1981 1 -2A lnt5graron euop6enne/L'Europe auirud'hui - Etat d€ l' Bepcts of rhe Scientrfic Committm fa Anim8l Nutritim - 1982-1983 1 -2 - Fouth Sories 2 - g iron and stael products - lnfqmatron Crcular No 1/Europoan Certifiod Beferene Matrrals (EURONOBM4RMB) fo. thc d€tsrmination ol th6 s chomical cmposrtrm of 2- 14 lron and stool y€ebook 1 983 Ssmmlung der von den Euopaischen Gemornschofton gsschlos$n

- 1983 1 -25 Uberernk0nfie 1 980 Italia - Etat actuol do la situation ot ptrspoctivos 6volutivosAe porsonnol - n.lo 2- 4

do formstron prolgssionngllo on 1- 17 Tha socond ontrgy R & D programmc - En€rgy consorvstio.r ( 1 979-831 - Suryoy ol rssults 2-13 J S€ltrtgd paptrs srisrng lrm tha EEC primry raw mstorisls progrsmme (1978-81) 2-32 Japan: Adgong trl markodat/Stsrstg6 in*rb i 1-29 Soventeenth Genaal Rapoil on th6 Activitios ot th6 Ewoposn Juristos/Linguistes du Consoil des Communsut6s 6urop56nnas/Famulaire Communrtr63 point par dss sct6s mis !u los g.oup63 2-10 - 1983 2-5 swag6 sludgo of domostrc digin - BCn No l4tlrlhe strfietim of tho M cdrtenlc (m6ss ,ractions) of cadmium, cobalt, copptr, manganose, mecury, nidel, load and zinc in a 2- 17 mass froclrons (contents) ol cadmium, cobalt, c@p€r, manganssr, social sacurty/Compendium of Community provisions m t -8 mercwy, nickel, laad snd zinc in I s€wag6 oludgs - BCB No 145/The rcil - BCR No 141fih6 cortrfication ot tho contonts of cadmium, coppe, c6rtrfrcstion of tho 2- 21 morcry and zinc in a calcarmus loam 2- 1A mlss lractims (contents) of csdmium, cobalt, coppor, manganoso, rcil - BCB No 143[hc cstrfietion of th6 contants of csdmium, coppd, mercury, nickel, lead and zinc in a sew8go sludg6 ot marnly industrial nictol, lcsd and zinc in 8 s6wag6 sludgo amonded 2-20 o(igin - BCR No 1 46flho certrficstron of the 2-22 Stahlflh*mische und mmhanisch6 Tronnvortahr6n fih B€tm und Monotsr St6l$l - Ontstaan, w6rking on porspoctioven/Het Europ663 2-2 2-31 Statsftg€ ind,ob i J8pan: Adgang trl mark6d6t 1 - 29

1 - Principal rosults N Stn ctu6 of 6arnings 978-79 - n.2. FRANCE 1-27 Thc srmt16 of public limitod cmpsnio! 1-7 nuclear powr plants. Thrd snnusl progro$ rapdt lyoe 1 982)flhc Community's rosearch snd doyolopment proga6mm6 on Studios of nalimalrccounts - No 2: Stodr of fixad assets in industry in dscommissrmrngot 2-23 tho Community Mombfi States: towards groats comparability - 1983 1-28 o Studiss of national accounts - No 3: Tronds in tho public financos of th6 Mcmbor Srates (197G198 1) Outlinopro€.ammeof thaCommrssronfc 1984 2-3 - 1983 2-39 overzicht ds wertzasmhodon van d€ Rosd ( 1 ianuari - 3 1 dccombor Systimes de fcmation prolessionnolle dans les pays membr6s do lo 1982)/Dfftigst€ Communaut6europ6enne 1 - 19 -1982 1-1 T P Tsntalum pentoxido on tsntalum toil - BCR No 26 1 2 - 33 L6 porsonnsl do fo.mation profo3sionnslls sn ltale - Etat actuol d6 ls Taxtes rolahts i la polrtiqua europ6enne de l'6dmrtrm, 1 974-1 983 srtu8tron ot p€rspocrivss 6volutivo3 1 - 17 2-36 Lo p6rsonn6l ons6ignant charg6 da la lormstron profossronnollo 6n Thormisch€ und mo€hanisch€ Tronnwrfahron lii B6ton und Stshl Bolgiquc (Lour statut, laur pr6psralron, l6urs parspactives) 1 - 1 I 2-34 pigs/Atophic rhinrtis in 1- 12 Third intornationsl s6minsr - Rssuhs of EC r6s6arch and dsmmstratim Lr planficatron d€3 inrtralrvo3 do pr6paration prolossionn€llo en tav6u do3 proio€ts in tho frold ot gmtharmal eno(gy - Ew@san gmthdmd jeunesch6meurs 1-9 updats 2 -35 primary raw msterials progammo ( 1978-8 1)/S€lsted papds &ising Towsrds thc Eu@san Union 1-6 ,rom tho EEC 2-32 training snd prospocta/Vcalimal trarning ptrsonnel in Bolgium - professionn6llo 6n favour des ieunes ch6meurs/La planrficatron des Srtuation, 1 -2O inriistivss d€ pr6paratron 1-9 Trennverfahren fii Baton und Stahlflhsmische und mechanische Lo pro€ramme €u@6en da fusron nucl6arre contr6l5e 1- 15 2'34 Prospmtive rnvantcy of tho r€quiram€nts ot Grook agriculluro with 8ptrral rof6renc6 to agronomrc losarch 2-31 U public financrs of ths Membs Statos 1197G1981)/Studios of natronal rccounts - No 3: Tr6nds in th6 0baeink0nfie 198O/Sammlung d6 von den Ewop6ischen - 1983 2-39 Gomein*haften geschlosson pubIc tmrt6d compani6s/Th6 structu]r of 1-7 - n.1O 2-4 18 ALPHABETICAL INDEX

unrmploymcnt: Mcthod! lnd mrlsucmant in thc Europoon E Cmmunity/Duotion of - 1983 1 -23 Enrgy Enrgy audit No 2 - Alumrnium industry in the European Economic Cmmunity 2-25 Endgy rudrt No. 3 - Pulp. papa and board rndustry in the vrlurlddcd tax in lgriculturc/fhr rslc! of Euopean .- 1984 2-38 Econmic Cmmunrty 1- 13 Vocrtiooll trsining pcfsonn.l in Bolgium - Srtustion, training lnd Enoroy consflation by ontrgy stqaga - Advanced b8iloflas and fuol colls 2- prolpctr 1 - 20 26 Goothtrmal 6ndgy - R & D Programma 2-30 w The second cnorgy R & D programme - Entrgy consyatim ( 1979-83) - Swsy oI rosults 2- 13 W.ldsbla finlsalinod ltructwal proccssing, stmls: Rocommcndationr fc Third rntornational s€minr - Rs3ults ol EC ressch and demonstratim in particulsr for - wrlding lnfo(mation circulu no. 2 1-11 proFcts in ih6liold of gmthtrmal cnorgy - Euopean gmthsmal updato 2- 35 Environmont 8nd quality of 1il6 Solmtad papors from EEC prim6ry Yugorlrvi! lgrmmcntr, lignrd in Bclg.8d. on 2 Apnl 1 98O/EC- 2 - I arising the raw mattrials pro€rammo (1978-81) 2 -32 E EURONORM Ewopesn Cdtfiod Reforonco Matrials (EURONOBM.cRMs) fq thc Eupotrdud Tapcio lle p@pcaxi6 Audtnfry: F$bg nloa lrteo1 dettrminstion of thc chemical composrtron ol iron and stel - 1981 2- 15 products - lnfqmatrm Ciculr No 1. Ewopaan Ctrtrfiad Refaeno tI Mattrial3 (EURONOnM4RMs) prepa(6d undor tho auspicss oI tho Eur@6an C@l & Stsl Cmmunrty (ECSC) - lnfqmatrm Crculil No Hrcp+palJonuilro)urtxilroaFtg'ttoiudtKwfirov 2-rc 1 z'tq Waldable finegraincd strrcl(al st$ls: Rrcmmcndations fc prffisin0, in particular tfi woldrng - lnlsmatron ciculs no. 2 1-11 Series index Eropoan documontatim EEC Comp€titim rulas: Guid6 lq sm6ll and m6drum-sizod enitrpri$s 1 - 10 Staisligo ind'eb iJapsn: Adgang til markodot 1 - 29 A H re ppa).}onxil ro)trui1 rou Ftg'troitxdsv Kavmltov 2 - 16 Agricultrc Eropcan pcspetives Hat Euops3 Mm6t8r Stels€l - Ontstaan, warking porspetiovan Afophic rhinrti! in pigr 1 - 12 on Prospactiva invcntdy of tha rcquircmcnts of Gr6ck agricultus with 2-2 rpacid ralarunca to lgronomic rssoarch 2-31 I Rcpdtr of rhc Scicntific Committ6. fd Animsl Nutrition - Forth SJic! 2-8 lndustrial p{ocoss€r Ag.icultua, fo..stry lnd fishari$ (g.iln covcr) Fl8t glas! fa building 2-29 Fd.!t y statisticr 1 970-1 980 - 1984 2-12 lndustry lnd wicos (bluc covs) Tha rrta! of vlblddad trx in lg.icultu. Annull invcatmants in fixod assats in tho induslrial enttrp(i$s of tha - 1984 2-38 mcmbs countrio! ot tho EurotEan CmmunrtEs 1975- 1981 - 1983 1 -21 B lron and stml ycarbook 1983 - 1983 1 -25 BCR-lnfdm!tim Thc Etfiotim of ihr cmtcnt! (mrsr ftactonsl of cldmium, cob8lt, N coppcr, mang6nc$, mfrcuy, nictcl, l.!d lnd zinc in a sawagc tludgc of do.ncrtrc ciin - BCR No 144 2-17 NatDnal accont!, financc rnd balarcc of payments (violet ovr) Thc cfifficltion ot tha cootcnt! ol cadnium, copp*, mucuy and zinc Bslrncos of paymonts - Gcographic8l broskdown 1977-1981 in a calcarcout loam - 1 1 .dl BCn No 4 2- 18 _ 1983 t _22 Thc citificltim ot tha cmtrnt! of crdmium, coppc.. morcuy, lcld Ballncss o( paymcnts - Global datr 1 97 1-1982 8nd zinc in . light slnq - BCR No 142 dl 2- 19 - 1983 2-37 Tha crtficltrofl of th. contant! of c!&nium, copps, nickcl, losd lnd Goneral govanment lccount3 and ststistrc! 1 97Gl 98 1 rinc in a wrga dudg. rmcnd.d - BCR No 143 t(il 2-20 - 1982 1-24 Thc crtficltion of th. mrs! ftrction! {cmtcnts) of cldmium, cobllt, Rogimal lcc@nrs ESA: Octarlsd tsblcs by kancho3 1979/ 1980 coppcr, mang6mr, mtrcuy, nid(al, lald lnd rinc in ! sswage - 1981 1 -26 sludgr - BCR No 145 z-21 Studrca of nltm8l reounts - No 2: Stoct of fixad ss$ts in industry in Thc crtrfication of thc ms!! ftrctions (contcntr) of crdmium, coblli, .ho Community Membor Srstos: towilds groattr cmparability coppcr, mlngrnasa, mrcry, nickcl, lcld lnd zinc in ! mwrga - 1983 1 -28 aludgc o( mainly industill aigin - BCR No 140 2-22 StudGa ot natimal accilnts - No 3: Tr€nds in th6 public finsncos ol thG Tlntllum prntoxid. m hntslum fcil - BCR No 26 1 2-33 Mcmbn (197G1981) Birro0icll lclcncc! Siatca - 1983 Etfcts biolooiqs! d.r champr magn6trqur 2- 24 2-39 Nuclcr lciGn6 rnd tochnology Bullrtin of th. Euoprln CommunrtEE : Supplcmcnt Thc atructuc of public limitcd cmplnic! 1-7 Thc Community's rssca.ch 8nd developm6nt programme m docommi$ioning o, nuclGr powtr plants. Third annual p(ooress r6pst {yGr 1982) 2-23 Entwic*lung vm Rochonvarfshron und Duchf0hrung von Modclkrchnun96n zu thtrmomehanisch€n W*h$lwirkung dca Salz6s mrt dsr Botrrlchausklsidung be. mrt €ingelEgston Ablillbl6cken 2 - 27 Thtrmi3chc und mehrnischc Tronnvsfahrsn fii B6tm und Srahl 2-34 SERIES INDEX 19

Physrcal scrences Ewop6an conctrlod actron - COST 50 - Matorials lo. gas turbines - EC 1 - Crad( inrtration and g.owth in hrgh tomporatur6 low cyclo ,atrguo 2-28 Populstion and socisl conditions (y6llow cover) Dwstion of unomploymont: Mothods snd moasuromont in tho European Community - 1983 1 -23

Structurs ot oarnings 1 978-79 - Pnncipal results - n.2. FBANCE 1 -27

ScrGnc6 8nd tmhnology policy Evaluation of the Europaan Communrty'3 radiarion proroctim ressarch programme(1976-8O) 1 - 14 Salg og abonnement ' Verkauf und Abonnement ' IltuA{oerg ror ouv6popCg ' Sales and subscriptions Vonte ot abonnements' Vendita e abbonamenti ' Verkoop en abonnementen

BELGIOUE / BELGIE IRELAND ESPANA

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