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Four New Species of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Northwestern Thailand

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Four New Species of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Northwestern Thailand Four New Species of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Northwestern Thailand Author: Adamski, David Source: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 121(2) : 145-154 Published By: Entomological Society of Washington URL: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.121.2.145 BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/terms-of-use. Usage of BioOne Complete content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non - commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Proceedings-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-Washington on 05 Sep 2020 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Access provided by Entomological Society of Washington PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 121(2), 2019, pp. 145–154 FOUR NEW SPECIES OF PROMALACTIS MEYRICK, 1908 (LEPIDOPTERA: OECOPHORIDAE) FROM NORTHWESTERN THAILAND urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AA630321-0027-4D75-9BEC-FAC0160B3C54 DAVID ADAMSKI Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 37012, MRC-168, NHB-E526, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, U.S.A.; e-mail: [email protected] urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:7A83C29A-1099-45C4-8637-9ACACB6EC882 Abstract.—Four new Promalactis (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) are described herein from Mae Yom National Park, Lamphum Province, in northwestern Thailand, and include: Promalactis faithyella, P. dispar, P. duocaulis, and P.ungula. Images of imagos and digital illustrations of all male genitalia are included. Female genitalia are included as available. Key Words: Gelechioidea, taxonomy, adult morphology DOI: 10.4289/0013-8797.121.2.145 The genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Wang and Zhaohui, 2013) has received represents a large, mostly Indo-Asian ra- limited use. Currently there is no avail- diation of moths (Wang 2006), presently able modern phylogenetic study for the numbering nearly 300 species (Wang and genus using morphological or molecular Jia 2017, 2018). As collecting efforts characters or a combination thereof. continue, especially in China and other Oecophoridae (= Oecophorinae, sensu, southeast Asian countries, there will un- Sohn et al. 2015) generally are plant re- doubtedly be more new species described fuse feeders, scavengers, or forest leaf by present and future workers. feeders (Powell 1980, Powell 1999). Not Many species of Promalactis can be surprisingly, all field-collected larvae of recognized by their small size and typical Promalactis species are associated with patterned forewings with reddish orange rotten logs. Meyrick (1922) first reported or brownish orange ground color with Promalactis cornigera feeding in rot- various white bands, patches, and spots. ten wood or bark of Pinus palustris Mill. A classification of the genus has yet to (= Pinus longifolia Salisb.) (Pinaceae) be proposed, and an attempt to define in India. Park and Park (1998) reported species-groups using wing patterns Promalactis odaiensis Park feeding un- Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Proceedings-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-Washington on 05 Sep 2020 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Access provided by Entomological Society of Washington 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON der bark of Pinus densiflora Sieb. & (Matsummura, 1931), sharing two diago- Zucc. in Korea. Park and Park (1998) nal, white bands on the basal 1/3 and a reported P. suzukiella (Matsumura) under white costal spot of the forewing. The bark of Prunus persica (L.) (Rosaceae) in genitalia of P. faithyella shares with P. Korea, and Adamski et al. (2009) col- suzukiella an apically divided valvae, an lected larvae of this same moth species elongate saccus, and an elongate phallus in under bark of Quercus sp. (Fagaceae) the male, and a sclerotized ductus bursae and Prunus virginiana L. (Rosaceae) in in the female. Promalactis faithyella dif- Silver Springs, Maryland, USA. Fujisawa fers from P. suzukiella in having a larger (2002) reported larvae of P. enopisema uncus, a shorter lower apical division of (Butler) feeding under bark of rotting the valvae, two cornuti on the vesica of the wood of Quercus sp. in Japan, male genitalia, and the presence of two The purpose of this article is to de- broadly-rounded, shallowly invaginated scribe four new Promalactis species that bullae between the lamella antevaginalis were collected at light in northwestern and the sixth sternum and absence of a Thailand. signum in the female genitalia. Description.—Adult. Head:Vertex MATERIALS AND METHODS white, except brownish orange along All specimens for this study were posterior margin. Frontoclypeus white, collected at light, and spread within a except brownish orange on frontoventral 24-hour period. They are deposited in region. Outer surface of labial palpus the collection of the National Museum of with palpomeres 1‒2 brownish orange, Natural History, Smithsonian Institu- palpomere 3 dark brown; inner surface tion, Washington, DC (USNM). Kornerup of palpomere 1 pale brownish orange, and Wanscher (1978) is used as a color palpomere 2 pale brownish orange ba- standard for the description of the adult sally gradually darkening to brown along vestiture. Genitalia were dissected as apical margin, palpomere 3 pale brown- described by Clarke (1941), except that ish orange near base, brown to apex. mercurochrome and chlorazol black Scape of antenna white, pecten pale gray; were used as stains. Pinned specimens dorsal flagellum with flagellomeres al- and slide-mounted body parts were ex- ternating brown basally and white api- amined with dissecting and compound cally; ventral surface brownish orange, microscopes. Images were obtained us- males more ciliate than females. Haus- ing a Visionary Digital SystemTM with a tellum white. NikonÒ camera, and Helicon FocusÒ Thorax: Tegula and mesonotum brown- stacking software for extended depth of ish orange. Forewing (Fig. 1) length 4.1‒ field imaging. 4.9 mm (n = 19), brownish orange, with a diagonally curved basal and discal RESULTS white band and a large white post discal Promalactis faithyella Adamski, spot; basal band narrow, extending in new species anal area from CuP to dorsum; discal band about 3X with of basal band, ex- urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F86B7B53-4664- tending from costa to dorsum; both 40C2-B0E3-74D3FE6C17C7 bands delineated by an intermittent row (Figs. 1, 5‒6, 13) of brown scales; post discal spot semi- Diagnosis.—Promalactis faithyella is circular extending from costa to near similar in forewing pattern to P. suzukiella cubitus, delineated by an intermittent Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Proceedings-of-the-Entomological-Society-of-Washington on 05 Sep 2020 Terms of Use: https://bioone.org/terms-of-use Access provided by Entomological Society of Washington VOLUME 121, NUMBER 2 147 Figs. 1‒4. Promalactis spp. (holotypes). 1, P. faithyella.2,P. ungula.3,P. dispar.4,P. duocaulis. row of brown scales; apical 2/3 of costa, about 1/3 shorter than valva. Valva api- outer margin, and tornal area mostly cally divided longitudinally by a mem- brownish red intermixed with brownish branous linear zone, forming costal and scales. Fringe pale brownish orange. saccular parts; costal part about 2/3 Undersurface brownish orange, fringe wider than saccular part, both parts ex- along apical margin grayish orange. tending apically by digitate processes; Hindwing translucent gray on basal 1/3, costal process setose dorsally, denticu- gradually darkening to gray apically. late ventrally; saccular part densely Foreleg femur brownish orange with a setose along apical 2/3 margin. Juxta white apex, tibia brownish orange with extending posteriolaterally, forming two three white bands, basal, middle, and semi-circular lobes near phallus. Phallus apical; tarsomeres 2‒5 brownish orange, nearly 2/3 longer than valva, narrow tarsomeres 1, 3‒4 white. Midleg femur throughout length from a slightly dilated brownish orange, apical tuft and spurs base; vesica bilobate, one lobe with a white, tarsomeres as above. Hindleg pale straight cornutus, one lobe with a longer, brownish gray, with intermittent apical acutely-curved cornutus. Female Geni- banding on tarsomeres. talia (Fig. 13) with papillae anales Abdomen: Shiny gray dorsally, shiny broadly rounded, setose lobes. Apophy- pale gray ventrally. Male Genitalia (Figs. ses posteriores and apophyses anteriores 5‒6) with uncus widened at base, nar- about equal in length. Eighth sternum, a rowed between base and slightly dilated thin sparsely-setose band, with a mesial middle, acuminate apically. Gnathos lobe on posterior margin. A transverse, extending from a large base, upturned crescent-shaped, setose plate posterior to broadly towards apex of uncus. Tegumen ostium. Posterior lip of ostium extending narrow, parallel-sided, and downcurved. from beneath anterior margin to poste- Vinculum V-shaped,
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