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Reference Library in the Pocket: Mobile Reference Services for Libraries

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Reference Library in the Pocket: Mobile Reference Services for Libraries Reference Library in the Pocket: Mobile Reference Services for Libraries Dr. Sanjay Kataria John Paul Anbu K Head – Learning Resource Centre Head- Periodical Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (Noida) Swaziland University Library India – 201307 Swaziland [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Mobile communication technology and its 1. Introduction rapid growth in the field of E-commerce The Educause study on “Undergraduate have set an unprecedented tone in the students and the Information Technology” growth of information and consumer (Educause centre for Applied Research) science. The current E-commerce carried out in 2009 clearly portray the fact applications invariably combine the that the teens and adults use mobile advancements of the current web technology not only for communication, technologies and the novelty of mobile entertainment or for commercial technology to offer advanced level of service applications but they use it for information and business propositions to the general as well. This sampling of research is not public and target the customers who are only applicable for the United State but also constantly on the move. Though libraries for the entire spectrum of students and are perceived to be the sanctum sanctorum researchers around the globe. While the new of man’s quest for Information, where and exciting computing environment with humanity has traditionally journeyed to the advent of web 2.0 and its allied services quench their thirst for knowledge, today’s has enthralled the information seekers there information society seems to be living in a is no doubt that the mobile telephony has world where the library is engulfed in their further enlightened the information hungry own mobile phones right in their very own modern society. While there is no doubt that pockets. This paper looks at the overall the mobile and satellite communications are impact of mobile services and applications triggering a wave of unprecedented growth in libraries and looks at the specific area of it is common knowledge that people are Reference services in the libraries where the becoming more dependent on wireless potential, demand and opportunities are communication systems (Olatokun: 2006). more for mobile applications. There is no doubt that Mobile phones have become an inseparable part of everyday life. Jacobs observes that “everywhere we go we Keywords Mobile Communication Systems; Reference cannot help but notice the number of mobile Services; Mobile Library Applications devices being used; cell phones, ipods, MP3 players, GPS systems, blackberries and even mini-laptops. Mobile access is the remediation of wireless internet” (Jacobs, 2009). While mobile communication system was born out of necessity, the consumer centered business world has quickly exploited this prolifiration of services to its 114 International Research: Journal of Library & Information Science | Vol. 1 No. 2, Dec. 2011 advantage and provide services which are (www.budde.com.au/research/global- easily reachable for users who are constantly mobile-subscriber-statistics.html), which on the move. During this time of represents more than 50% of the global information explosion, Libraries cannot population. Infonetics research predicts that shun away from this development hence we by 2013 the number of worldwide mobile see a number of services in the libaries subscribers will reach 5.9 billion which are becoming more and more (www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/newslog), mainly mobilised targetting the users who are on due to the anticipated growth in mobile the move. The advent of library services communication in Africa, India and China. over the internet proved to be a blessing for Along with the mobile network and mobile users who found it hard to visit the physical users the mobile gadgets have also started library for accessing its collection. With the growing from the humble beginning of 2 advancement of these services through pound heavy solid mobile phones to modern mobile network it has become much more ultra lightweight mobile phones with a simple and easire for libraries to deliver number of services embedded in them. With them for the users who are on the move and the future promises of TDMA (Time delivers the entire spectrum of library Division Multiple Access), CDMA (Code services in the palms of today’s library users Division Multiple Access) and GSM (Global and information seekers. Murry observes System of Mobile Communication) the that by providing these specilised services to mobile communication system is poised to its users the librarires not only “provide new an exciting zenith. The future Mobile services or enhance traditional services, but communication system promises much also make it more relevant to their users” better gadgets with increased internet (Murray, 2009). accessibility with DSL and broadband with “possibilities of video conferencing and other related web 2.0 services which will 2. Growth of Mobile Communication resemble an ultra mobile personal system The mobile communication services have computer”. grown dramatically from its humble beginning during the Second World War. 3. Mobile applications and Libraries The mobile network of that time was called Libraries have greatly utilized the growth of as zero generation (0G) mobile networks internet technologies, especially the where it was mainly used for military advancements of web 2.0 applications in its communication. This was followed by the library services. This positive trend has a first generation (1G) of cellular network, great implication on libraries and its various established in 1973, followed by the 2nd rd services it provide. In the modern e- Generation (2G) in 1991 and the 3 commerce world most of the works are Generation (3G) in 2001. The current th easily accomplished through the mobile mobile network which hovers around the 4 telephone. The emerging Information generation is yet to be fully operational Service Delivery trends in libraries also tend hence we see most of the 3.5 Generation to follow the same pattern. The users expect services which are currently provided the information to be delivered where they through the mobile networks. While the are rather than going to the information. mobile network kept growing in its stature This is mainly because of the influence of e- the mobile users also steadily grew over the commerce and entertainment services which years. The current mobile users in 2010 are make use of the internet and mobile estimated around 4.2 billion 115 International Research: Journal of Library & Information Science | Vol. 1 No. 2, Dec. 2011 revolution to skillfully market their products funding and human resources are very and service especially targeting their limited but at the same time they have the customers who are on the move. Making use inclination and need for mobile based of such opportunities created by these websites. commercial services the library and information centers have also started using 3.2 Mobile OPAC (MOPAC) mobile technology to further their cause. Murray quotes Spires with the observation Traditionally the Online Public Access that “the adaptation of mobile initiatives by Catalogues (OPACs) served as the binding libraries and librarians began with medical wine between the user and the library libraries, as medical professional were collection. With the advent of mobile among the first user groups to implement an services, new Mobile based OPACs are information-on-the-go philosophy into their being developed for mobile users in various daily work lives (Murray, 2009). Followed libraries. Development of mobile optimized by this there are libraries that have modeled OPACs nicely cater for both the regular their services to mobile revolution and desktop OPAC users and mobile OPAC provide library services on the move in other users. The biggest challenge in this endeavor areas of library labyrinth. While a number of is to scale the information display into the mobile based applications are available for mobile optimized output. Sometimes it is users the Reference Section in the library very difficult since most of the library seems to be the ideal place for mobile based catalogues make use of the web 2.0 service as it has the potential to transform advancements and use lot of content the face of the library. enrichment and other allied services to their regular catalogues which will be very 3.1 Library Website difficult to scale for the mobile phones. Many of the Integrated Library Services The adaptation of internet technologies into (ILS) has taken up this challenge and libraries saw the emergence of library already there are some products which websites which promote the library services provide a good MOPAC service. through these websites. Any mobile phone Millennium ILS provides a catalogue which supports internet connectivity can service for mobile users called AirPac access these library websites and its various (AirPAC) which is a good model for services from anywhere. With this dynamic consideration. Notable advancements such development it is important for the library as Library Anywhere from LibraryThing administrators to provide due consideration (Bowker 2009) and initiatives of SirsiDynix for mobile users, who will be accessing the and others in developing specific Mobile library website through their mobile devices OPAC ignites a enchanting mobile since the viewing area and the downloading catalogue revolution in libraries. speed between the desktop user and mobile user will be vastly different. In modern context most of the libraries provide parallel 3.3 Mobile Collections websites for mobile as well as desktop Apart from the above mentioned specific websites. Though this is a good services libraries are also engaged in development it is time consuming for library developing their collections specifically for web-administrators since simultaneous mobile users. As more and more digital updating becomes mandatory when the medium come into the library collection a updating of the websites is warranted. This number of libraries are looking ways into is a huge challenge for libraries whose market them to the mobile users.
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