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Régence D'alger, Barberousse FONDATION DE LA RÉGENCE D’ALGER, HISTOIRE DES BARBEROUSSE Chronique arabe du XVIe siècle sur un manuscrit de la Bibliothèque royale, avec un appendice et des notes EXPÉDITION DE CHARLES-QUINT. Aperçu historique et statistique du port d’Alger, ORNÉ DE DEUX PORTRAITS ET D’UN PLAN. PAR MM. SANDER RANG, Offi cier supérieur de la Marine. ET FERDINAND DENIS. TOME. II. PARIS J. ANGÉ, ÉDITEUR, RUE GUÉNÉAUD, N° 19 VERSAILLES, MÊME MAISON, LIBRAIRIE DE L’ÉVÊCHÉ, RUE SATORY, 28. ET LA LIBRAIRIE ORIENTALE DE Mme DONDY-DUPRÉ. 1837 Livre numérisé en mode texte par : Alain Spenatto. 1, rue du Puy Griou. 15000 AURILLAC. D’autres livres peuvent être consultés ou téléchargés sur le site : http://www.algerie-ancienne.com Ce site est consacré à l’histoire de l’Algérie. Il propose des livres anciens (du 14e au 20e siècle) à télécharger gratuitement ou à lire sur place. LES PIEUX EXPLOITS D’AROUDJ ET DE KHAÏR-ED-DIN , FONDATEURS DE L’ODJEAC D’ALGER § I. Khaïr-ed-din, de retour à Alger, fait construire plu- sieurs bâtimens et va en course ; on le brûle en effi gie à Mayorque ; supplice d’un chrétien qui est attaché à sa place su bûcher ; Khaïr-ed-din fait déguiser son équi- page et entre dans Port-Mahon ; prise de deux navires portugais ; siège du fort : il est obligé de se rendre; Khaïr-ed-din emmène un grand nombre de chrétiens ; suite du prétendu supplice de Khaïr-ed-din ; voyage de Charles-Quint à Rome ; excommunication ; sa résolu- tion prise de s’emparer d’Alger. Khaïr-ed-din , après s’être reposé quelques jours à Annaba, s’embarqua et fi t voile pour Alger. A son arrivée, les habitans et tous les sujets du royaume s’empressèrent de venir lui — 2 — témoigner la joie qu’ils avaient de le revoir : ils l’aimaient et le chérissaient comme le meilleur des pères. Les forces d’Alger n’étaient que de neuf vaisseaux lorsqu’il arriva ; il en fi t construire en diligence huit autres, qui, réunis aux quinze amenés déjà par lui, formaient en tout une fl otte de trente-deux voiles. Dès que le retour du prin- temps lui permit de tenir la mer, le pacha fi t armer tous ces bâtimens, et partit pour la course. Le vent le porta à l’île de Mayorque, où il alla mouiller dans une rade foraine, qui est à quinze milles de la capitale. Comme il était à l’ancre, un bruit sourd, semblable à celui du tonnerre qui gronde dans le lointain, fi xa son attention, et il jugea que c’était des salves d’artillerie que l’on tirait dans Mayorque ; il ne savait néanmoins à quoi en attribuer la cause, et tous les gens de la fl otte exposaient à ce sujet leurs conjectures. Les uns disaient : C’est sans doute une réjouis- sance publique qui a lieu en raison de la prise de Tunis; les autres ajoutaient : Apparemment que les vaisseaux portugais qui ont amené le roi d’Espagne dans son expédition auront pris congé de lui et retournent dans leur pays : le vent contraire les aura fait relâcher à Mayorque, où on leur fait honneur par des décharges répétées ; — 3 — d’autres, enfi n, pensaient que c’était quelque grande fête d’idolâtres qui se célébrait dans le pays, mais ou était bien éloigné de deviner la raison qui occasionnait tout ce fracas. Voici ce qui y donnait lieu, à ce que l’on apprit du moins dans la suite. Depuis que le roi d’Espagne était parti pour Tunis, les Mayorcains n’en avaient plus reçu de nouvelles : les uns s’imaginaient qu’il avait été tué dans quelque combat ; les autres croyaient qu’il était tombé en esclavage. Toutes ces idées avaient amené un relâchement général dans la police : le gouverneur de l’île n’était plus écouté, on méprisait ses commandemens, et ce maudit de Dieu, pour arrêter le désordre général, avait mis en usage un singulier stratagème. Il avait fait publier que le roi d’Espagne, en faisant la conquête de Tunis, avait eu le bonheur de se saisir de Barberousse, et qu’il le lui avait envoyé lié et garrotté pour être brûlé vif à Mayorque. En conséquence il avait fait planter au milieu de la place publique quatre poteaux, auxquels on avait suspendu quatre barriques de goudron. Il y avait, par hasard, dans les prisons un mal- heureux chrétien qui y était détenu pour quelque crime. Soit que ce fût avec un masque de peau, soit qu’il eût employé un faux visage de carton — 4 — ou de cire, le gouverneur de l’île était venu à bout de donner à ce prisonnier Pair et la physio- nomie de Khaïr-ed-din : il avait imité sa barbe et sa moustache rousse, de sorte qu’il ressemblait au pacha d’Alger comme deux gouttes de lait. Les chrétiens ont un talent particulier pour peindre et pour représenter au naturel toutes sortes d’objets. Le gouverneur avait revêtu la victime d’un habit noir, et il avait ceint sa tête d’un turban de même couleur pour imiter le costume des juifs de la Barbarie ; puis, dans cet ajustement, il l’avait fait lier au milieu des quatre poteaux, précisément sous les barils de goudron afi n que les gouttes enfl ammées qui en découleraient, le consumassent à petit feu ; en même temps il avait fait crier par, toute l’île, que ceux qui voudraient assister au supplice de Barberousse, n’avaient qu’à se rendre à la ville de Mayorque. Les infi dèles, on le pense bien, y accoururent en foule de toutes parts, et les malades même, s’y fi rent transporter, afi n de jouir d’un spectacle si agréable à des chré- tiens. Il y avait dans l’île environ, trois cents Turcs esclaves, et non, seulement on les força à être témoins de cette horrible scène, mais on leur disait : Voilà comme nous traitons votre sultan. — 5 — Ces pauvres Turcs en voyant les traits et la ressemblance de Khaïr-ed-din, se mirent à pleu- rer et à lui dire dans leur langage. Hélas ! c’était de toi seul que nous attendions notre délivrance, et il faut que nous ayons aujourd’hui le malheur de te voir dans cet état déplorable ; mais nous sommes à Dieu, et nous retournons à lui ! Enfi n lorsque tout le monde fut rassemblé, on mit le feu au bûcher, et le malheureux chrétien ; sous la fi gure de Barberousse, mourut dans les tour- mens les plus affreux. Les grossiers et imbéci- les habitans de cette île furent persuadés, que Khaïr-ed-din ; avait été brûlé ! Cependant le pacha, d’Alger en quittant la rade où il avait mouillé, rencontra plusieurs vaisseaux espagnols partis de Tunis, avec quan- tité d’esclaves turcs et maures ; que le roi infi - dèle envoyait à Carthagène. Il s’en empara, et les mêmes fers qui servaient à lier les musul- mans furent employés à enchaîner les chrétiens. Khaïr-ed-din fi t mettre le feu à ces vaisseaux ; puis il courut une bordée vers Minorque. Il y a dans cette île un port connu sous le nom de Port-Mahon ; il est en tout temps très fréquenté par les bâtimens chrétiens qui y abordent, tant pour chercher un abri contre les tempêtes, qu’en — 6 — raison de leurs spéculations commerciales. Ce port est un des plus sûrs que l’on connaisse ; et il est, si vaste qu’il pourrait aisément conte- nir cinq cents bâtimens ; sa bouche est étroite, c’est à peine si trois bâtimens peuvent y passer de front. Lorsque Khaïr-ed-din se présenta devant ce port, deux navires portugais en sortaient ; ils reconnurent la fl otte musulmane, et mettant toutes voiles au vent, ils tâchèrent de lui échap- per par la fuite. Le pacha ne les fi t point poursui- vre, afi n de ne point jeter l’épouvante dans l’île; et pour donner au contraire à penser que c’était une fl otte alliée qui arrivait, il donna ordre aux matelots maures d’ôter leur turban, et de pren- dre le costume des chrétiens ; puis il fi t entrer tous ses vaisseaux dans Port-Mahon. Les gens de l’île voyant les équipages dans cet accou- trement, pensèrent que c’était la fl otte d’André Doria qui arrivait, et ils vinrent sur le bord de la mer pour trafi quer et vendre leurs pro- visions. Sur ces entrefaites, Khaïr-ed-din fi t débarquer secrètement quelques troupes turques qui s’étaient cachées derrière des rochers. Dès qu’elles aperçurent la foule des infi dèles qui s’était, rassemblée sur le rivage, elles tombèrent par derrière sur ces chrétiens et les entraînèrent — 7 — à leurs vaisseaux liés et garrottés ; il y en eut bien peu qui se sauvèrent. Quant aux deux bâti- mens portugais qui avaient pris la fuite, lors- qu’ils virent que cette fl otte qui les avait si fort effrayés, entrait dans un port dont les musul- mans n’osaient pas s’approcher, ils jugèrent qu’ils s’étaient trompés, et qu’ils avaient pris les navires d’André Doria pour un armement algérien ; en conséquence, soit qu’ils désiras- sent avoir des nouvelles, soit que leur détermi- nation vint du désir de faire quelque négoce, ils revirèrent de bord, et vinrent mouiller près de la fl otte. Bientôt ils virent arriver à leur bord une troupe de Turcs qui dirent aux deux capitaines et à leurs équipages : «Barberousse vous attend, venez lui parler.» Ils n’avaient aucun moyen de défense, et ils se décidèrent de bonne grâce à venir prendre les fers qu’on leur avait déjà pré- parés ; néanmoins, ils ne pouvaient revenir de leur surprise, et on les entendait se dire entre eux : «Il n’y a, que peu de jours que nous avons vu cet homme fuir de Tunis, et il a déjà eu le temps de rassembler une fl otte si nombreuse ! non, ce n’est point un homme, c’est un démon.
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