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Geotechnical Slope Stability of the Este MSW Landfill

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Geotechnical Slope Stability of the Este MSW Landfill UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA ICEA Department MSc in Environmental Engineering Master Thesis Massimo Trivellato Geotechnical Slope Stability of the Este MSW Landfill Supervisor Prof. Marco Favaretti Academic Year 2013-2014 Un ringraziamento sincero ai miei genitori, Gianpietro e Loredana INDEX Introduction .......................................................................................................................... - 9 - 1. Italian regulation about landfill slope stability ........................................................... - 10 - 2. Site description ............................................................................................................... - 11 - 2.1 Geographical Information .............................................................................................. - 11 - 2.2 Stratigraphy and Structure ............................................................................................. - 13 - 2.3 Hydrological properties ................................................................................................. - 14 - 2.4 Climate of the site .......................................................................................................... - 16 - 2.5 Seismology ..................................................................................................................... - 17 - 2.6 S.E.S.A. waste treatment activities ................................................................................ - 18 - 2.7 S.E.S.A. landfill description .......................................................................................... - 20 - 2.7.1 General information ............................................................................................. - 20 - 2.7.2 Principal administrative deeds ............................................................................. - 21 - 2.7.3 Sectors and subsectors ......................................................................................... - 22 - 2.7.4 Bottom liner systems ........................................................................................... - 26 - 2.7.5 Top cover systems ............................................................................................... - 26 - 2.7.6 Biogas management ............................................................................................. - 28 - 2.7.7 Leachate management ......................................................................................... - 30 - 2.7.8 Monitoring and control plan ................................................................................ - 31 - 3. General slope stability concepts .................................................................................... - 33 - 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... - 33 - 3.2 Factors of influence........................................................................................................ - 34 - 3.3 Types of landfill’s failure............................................................................................... - 36 - 3.4 Seismic contribution ...................................................................................................... - 40 - 4. Slope Stability Analysis methods .................................................................................. - 43 - 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... - 43 - 4.2 General concepts of Limit Equilibrium Methods .......................................................... - 44 - 4.3 LEM – Method of slices ................................................................................................ - 47 - 4.3.1 General formulation ............................................................................................. - 50 - 4.3.2 Fellenius method/OMS ........................................................................................ - 51 - - 5 - 4.3.3 Bishop’s rigorous method .................................................................................... - 52 - 4.3.4 Bishop’s simplified method ................................................................................. - 53 - 4.3.5 Janbu’s simplified method ................................................................................... - 53 - 4.3.6 Janbu’s generalized method................................................................................. - 55 - 4.3.7 Morgenstern – Price method................................................................................ - 55 - 4.3.8 Spencer’s method ................................................................................................ - 55 - 4.3.9 Lowe – Karafiath’s method ................................................................................. - 56 - 4.3.10 Corps of Engineers method ............................................................................... - 56 - 4.3.11 Sarma’s method ................................................................................................. - 56 - 4.3.12 General limit equilibrium formulation .............................................................. - 57 - 4.3.13 Considerations on the interslice force function ................................................. - 59 - 4.3.14 Summary of the method of slices approaches ................................................... - 60 - 4.4 General concepts of Finite Element Method ................................................................. - 62 - 5. Definition of the input sections and parameters ......................................................... - 64 - 5.1 Chosen landfill sections for the calculation ................................................................... - 64 - 5.2 Geotechnical input data.................................................................................................. - 67 - 5.2.1 Material properties ............................................................................................... - 67 - 5.2.2 Waste properties considerations .......................................................................... - 68 - 5.2.3 Waste properties for Este’s landfill ..................................................................... - 72 - 5.2.4 Pore water pressure .............................................................................................. - 73 - 5.2.5 Reinforcement of soil – structure interaction ...................................................... - 73 - 5.2.6 Imposed loading .................................................................................................. - 75 - 6. Calculation procedure using LEM software: SLOPE/W ........................................... - 76 - 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... - 76 - 6.2 Slip surface shapes ......................................................................................................... - 77 - 6.2.1 Grid and radius method ....................................................................................... - 77 - 6.2.2 Entry and exit method.......................................................................................... - 79 - 6.3 Analysis of section 4-4................................................................................................... - 80 - 6.3.1 Stability Analysis of the top cover system along the steepest slopes .................. - 81 - 6.3.2 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section ................................................... - 83 - 6.3.3 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section varying waste parameters .......... - 85 - 6.4 Analysis of section 2-2................................................................................................... - 86 - - 6 - 6.4.1 Stability Analysis of the top cover system along the steepest slopes .................. - 87 - 6.4.2 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section ................................................... - 89 - 6.4.3 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section varying waste parameters .......... - 92 - 6.5 Analysis of section A-A ................................................................................................. - 92 - 6.5.1 Stability Analysis of the top cover system along the steepest slopes .................. - 93 - 6.5.2 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section ................................................... - 94 - 6.5.3 Stability Analysis of the entire landfill section varying waste parameters .......... - 97 - 7. Calculation procedure using FEM software: PLAXIS............................................... - 98 - 7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... - 98 - 7.2 Phi-c reduction safety analysis....................................................................................... - 99 - 7.3 Analysis of section 4-4................................................................................................. - 100 - 7.4 Analysis of section 2-2................................................................................................. - 101 - 7.5 Analysis of section A-A ............................................................................................... - 102 - 8. Discussion of the results..............................................................................................
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