Notes on the Early History of the Parish of Colinton. by Tub Rev
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IV. NOTES ON THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE PARISH OF COLINTON. BY TUB REV. WILLIAM LOCKHART, A.M., F.S.A. SCOT., MINISTE r RTHo E PARISH. In or about the year 1095 (perhaps a few years earlier, certainly not o later)mortw r e,o thawhee e on kingdon nth f mScotlano d beeha dn extended to both sides of the River and Firth of Forth, and when the d Celtiol c Churc s givin wa stathw f gthingne o e placa so t e under Malcolm III. and his successors, what appears to be now the parish of Colinton received its foundation. This was done by Ethelred,—second son of Malcolm III. (Canmore) and his Saxon Queen Margaret,—presenting to the Church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, which had shortly before this been foundes piouhi y s b dmother , certain gifts that were then denominate e namth f "Hale."y eo db e objecTh 1 t which this Scottish Prince had in view in doing this was obviously twofold, viz.—first, to enrich the royal church at Dunfermline; and secondly, to secure for the people living in the district of Hale the regular administration of religious ordinances by clergy belonging to and resident at the parent church. The 1 The other forms of the word in the Rcgist. de Dunf. are Hal. (a contraction), Hala, Hales, Halis, Halys, Heallis. The modern form of the word is Hailes, and the name of the church and parish for many years was Hailes or Collington, spelled variously ColHngtoun, Colington, or Colinton. EARLY HISTORPARISE TH F COLINTON5 F HO YO 36 . recor thif foune earln do b a s o n yt verdgife i pars th i ty f o tfirs t charter of the chartulary of Dunfermline Abbey, now in the Advocate's Library, Edinburgh printed Bannatyne an ,th y db e Clube deeTh d . in question is by David I., the youngest brother of Ethelred, and a monarch who, as is well known, enriched Scotland with many religious institutions. The statemenfollowine th grane n i th s f i tgo t terms, viz.:—" Dona Ethelredi fratris me iconfirmeds i Hale," t i d an 1 , sometimes with slight variations, in other charters by David, as well as in those of successive kings down to the reign of Alexander III.2 Besides this, these lands, and the church connected with them e frequentlar , e ysam th referre en i chartular o t d y confirmationn i bishopy b s d chapters an se bull th f popes n i so n i 5 d an , settlements and agreements as to teinds and lands, down to and even beyon perioe Reformatioe dth th f do middle th towardd d n ni e an en e sth of the sixteenth century.8 In inquiring into the origin and early histo'ry of a civil and ecclesiastical distric closn i t e proximit e metropolith o yt f Scotlandso , curiosity, firsf o t all, naturall statee b o t d y e founders thaturn th herd ha t o t t si eAn . littl knows ei f Ethelredno appeare h s a , havo st e died young, although that little is not without interest. His name was Saxon, and he evidently received it after ancestors of his royal mother, for there were three kings of this Saxoe nam th unite e n eni th heptarchyn i d o Saxotw d nan ,king - dom. In the month of November 1093; he had to communicate to his mother, then in Edinburgh Castle, the painful tidings of the death of his Eegist,1 de Dunf., p. 3, Confirmacio Eegis Dauid, lines 9 and 10. Regist. do Dunf., , Reg5 . .p , Dav.Eeg19 . p ; Male. , Reg28 . Reg, p ;Wil 40 .. ;p 2 Alex. II.; p. 46, Reg. Alex. III. Regist. de Dunf., Ep. pages 56, 57, 59, 62, 63, and 66, cap. 81, ag. 135, 136, 8 137147d an ,. Pont. Rom. Alexander IV. 152p , . Pont. Rom. Lueius, 157. Pont. Rom. HoiA, 167. Pont. Rom. Gregory Ville e Halis(D d a . 173p ) . Pont. Rom. Greg. IX., Eccle Hal.e d . 175p , . Pont. Rom. Greg. IX. Smithetue d , Hal.e nd . p , 176; Carta de Halis, 190; Taxatio, p. 203. Lra. Sasine Jaeobi de Edmonston, Reg. Jae. I,, p. 284. Carta de Halis (Easter and Wester), Reg. Jae. II., p. 287. Con- firmacio Regis Jaeobi Secundi, &c., Reg. Jae. II. 321p , . Conf°. thome yhar, &e., Abbreviat., p. 371. Conf°. C. Will, dm Creiglitoun, &c., Ab. 372, C. d. t. forestare, Ab., &c, p. 379. Con0, ter. ae Molendini de estir haillis, Ab., p. 384, Appendix I., p. 418. Rentale, 433, 447, 451, 459. Infeod., fee., 476, 487, 488, 492, 495, 502. 366- PROCEEDING E SOCIETY, 188314 TH Y F . O S MA , father, and eldest brother Edward, in the battle on the banks of the Alne. Thi event,d ssa - especiall kingdeate e yth th f ,ho which wels i s a l, known, threw Scotland into confusion, by creating a war of succession, fataa d le alread ha effecth n o ty enfeebled constitutio e queenth r f no fo , she died on that very day, or soon after; and Ethelred had the painful duty to perform of conveying the dead body of his mother secretly out of Edinburgh Castle, which was then besieged by the usurper (Donald Bane) to Dunfermline, where it was buried before the altar of the Holy Cross.1 Ethelred evidentl t lonno gd survivydi e these heavy mentrialso n r - fo ; tio afte s brothem mads e reigni hi hi th rf f no eo r Edgar, ascendeo wh 2 d the throne A.D. 1097 ; and indeed it is reasonable to suppose that he must have been dea t thida s date, otherwise secone Malcolmf o th n s a ,dso e h , would have been raised to the throne. And, curiously .enough, of all the six sons and two daughters of Malcolm and Margaret, Edward and Ethelre onle th ye onedar s referre "Wyrltoy b chronicles o dt hi n ni , whose bodie laie sar d beside tha theif o t r mothe same th en i rsepulchr t Dunea - fermline. Whe na merEthelre y bo e d appear havo st e been createy db s fathe hi abboy la r Dunkelf o t Eard df an Fife o l formee th , r office being ancestral, and implying the possession of large territories in the centre of Scotland. In all probability a considerable portion of Mid-Lothian had been gifted by the king to this son; at all events, he must have acquired lande th f Halso e thideedn ei th s n waysi r alreadfo ; y referre theo dt y are said to be his gifts to the church of the Holy Trinity at Dunferm- line.8 Earther. reference is made to this same prince in a deed recorded in the Regist. Prior. S. Andrews, at p. 115. There Ethelred is spoken of as " a man of venerated memory," and he is represented as giving " to God the Omnipotent and St Servanus, and the Keledei of the island of Lochleven ..... Ardmore with its rightful boundaries and divisions," states ani t di d " that this parents possessiohi y b give s whilm nwa nhi e he was yet in boyhood." The Keledei were a community of hermits Hailes, Ann:, vol. i. ; Wynton's Ohron., vol. ii. pp. 271, 272. 1 Celtic Scot., "Wy . Skeneb F . ,. 370 p vol . .ii . 2 1 Near the site of the church is a place called Kingsknowes. EARLY HISTORPARISE TH COLINTONF F 7 O HO Y 36 . that then lived at Lochleyen, and the terms of this transaction indicates t merelno pioue ygenerouth d san s characte princee th f o r , busource th t e from which he derived those possessions which he subsequently bestowed for religious purposes. impossibls i t I thx efi o exacet t date whe e churcnth s erectehwa t da Hale, as no mention is made of this, although the church itself, as well as the lands, are often referred to in subsequent charters. In all proba- bility this would follow soon aftee gify thb th rte pious founder. Accordin o Chalmert g s (Caledonia, . 793 pp vol ,. ii 794: e churcth ) h e spoth stoo t n o wherd e mansioth e n hous f Haileeo stands—iw no s n l probabilitfrod al circumstance mAn th . it eas e littlya f th o t o et that St Cuthbert was the patron saint, perhaps some rude religious house occupie e samth d e spot somr o , e place contiguou , somit o et s centuries before 1095. For it is well known that St Cuthbert—who lived about eighte th middl e f th ho toward d d centuryean en e whosd sth ,an e spiritual jurisdiction wels s successorsa , thas hi a lf o t , extende yearr dfo s ovee th r Lothians even beyond Abercorn—was frequentl habie th forsakinf o tn yi g s cel t hi Lindisfernea l d wanderinan , r dayd weekfo g an s s amone th g moors and solitudes of the country, in order that he might preach to the people in these remote districts the words of truth and Life. At all events, after Ethelred's gift, a church was erected at or near the spot indi- cated d occasionaan , l services woul doubo de n conductee th b tn i , it n di first instance by clergymen from the Church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, and subsequently by those monks of Canterbury that were placed afterwards in the Abbey, and their successors.