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Stories Matter: the Complexity of Cultural Authenticity in Children's Literature (Pp DOCUMENT RESUME ED 480 339 CS 512 399 AUTHOR Fox, Dana L., Ed.; Short, Kathy G., Ed. TITLE Stories Matter: The Complexity of CulturalAuthenticity in Children's Literature. INSTITUTION National Council of Teachers of English, Urbana,IL. ISBN ISBN-0-8141-4744-5 PUB DATE 2003-00-00 NOTE 345p. AVAILABLE FROM National Council of Teachers ofEnglish, 1111 W. Kenyon Road, Urbana,.IL 61801-1096 (Stock no. 47445: $26.95members; $35.95 nonmembers). Tel: 800-369-6283 (Toll Free); Web site: http://www.ncte.org. PUB TYPE Books (010).-- Collected Works General (020) -- Opinion Papers (120) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Childrens Literature; *Cultural Context; ElementaryEducation; *Literary Criticism; *Multicultural Literature;Picture Books; Political Correctness; Story Telling IDENTIFIERS Trade Books ABSTRACT The controversial issue of cultural authenticity inchildren's literature resurfaces continually, always elicitingstrong emotions and a wide range of perspectives. This collection explores thecomplexity of this issue by highlighting important historical events, current debates, andnew questions and critiques. Articles in the collection are grouped under fivedifferent parts. Under Part I, The Sociopolitical Contexts of Cultural Authenticity, are the following articles: (1) "The Complexity of Cultural Authenticity in Children's Literature:Why the Debates Really Matter" (Kathy G. Short and Dana L. Fox); and (2)"Reframing the Debate about Cultural Authenticity" (Rudine Sims Bishop). Under Part II,The Perspectives of Authors, Illustrators, and Editors on Cultural Authenticity,are these articles:(3) "Who Can Tell My Story?" (Jacqueline Woodson); (4) "'Around My Table' Is Not Always Enough" (W. Nikola-Lisa); (5) "Authentic Enough: Am I? Are You? Interpreting Culturefor Children's Literature" (Susan Guevara); (6) "The Candle and the Mirror: One Author's Journey as an Outsider" (Judi Moreillon); (7) "A Mess of Stories" (Marc Aronson); (8) "To Stingo with Love: An Author's Perspectiveon Writing Outside One's Culture" (Kathryn Lasky); and (9) "MulticulturalismIs Not Halloween° (Thelma Seto). Under Part III, Political Correctness and CulturalAuthenticity, are these articles: (10) Beyond Political Correctness" (Hazel Rochman);(11) "The Complexity of Debates about Multicultural Literature and Cultural Authenticity"(Violet J. Harris); (12) "'Authenticity,' or the Lesson of Little Tree" (Henry LouisGates, Jr.); and (13) "Multicultural Literature and the Politics of Reaction"(Joel Taxel). Under Part IV, The Perspectives of Educators on Cultural Authenticity,are these articles:(14) "Can We Fly across Cultural Gaps on the Wings of Imagination?Ethnicity, Experience, and Cultural Authenticity" (Mingshui Cai);(15) "Accuracy and Authenticity in American Indian Children's Literature: The Social Responsibilityof Authors and Illustrators" (Elizabeth Noll);(16) "Accuracy Is Not Enough: The Role ofCultural Values in the Authenticity of Picture Books" (WeiminMo and Wenju Shen); (17) "Artistic Triumph or Multicultural Failure? MultiplePerspectives on a 'Multicultural' Award-Winning Book" (Laura B. Smolkin and JosephH. Suina);(18) "Images of West Africa in Children's Books: Replacing OldStereotypes with New Ones?" (Vivian Yenika- Agbaw); and (19) "Use of Spanish in Latino Children'sLiterature in English: What Makes for Cultural Authenticity? (Rosalinda B. Barrera and Ruth E. Quiroa). UnderPart V, Connecting Cultural Authenticity to theClassroom, are these articles: (20) "Multiple Definitions of Multicultural Literature:Is the Debate Really Just 'Ivory Tower' Bickering?" (Mingshui Cai); (21)"The Trivialization and Misuse of Multicultural Literature: Issues of Representationand Communication" (Zhihui Fang; Danling Fu; Linda Leonard Lamme); and (22)"'I'm Not from Pakistan': Multicultural Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made from the original document. Literature and the Problem of Representation" (Curt Dudley-Marling). (NKA) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Stories Matter 3 NCTE Editorial Board: Elizabeth Close, Willie Mae Crews, Colleen Fairbanks, Cora Lee Five, Ray Levi, Andrea Lunsford, Jaime Armin Mejia, Carolyn Phipps, Kyoko Sato, Zarina M. Hock, Chair, ex officio, Kent Williamson, ex officio, Kurt Austin, ex officio 4 Stories Matter The Complexity of Cultural Authenticity in Children's Literature Edited by Dana L. Fox Georgia State University Kathy G. Short University of Arizona National Council of Teachers of English 1111 W. Kenyon Road, Urbana, Illinois 61801-1096 Staff Editors: Tom Tiller andBonny Graham Interior Design: Doug Burnett Cover Design: Pat Mayer NCTE Stock Number: 47445-3050 Cover Art: From My Daughter, MySon, the Eagle, the DovelMi Hija, Mi Hijo, el Aguila, la Paloma illustrated bySusan Guevara. Illustrations copyright© 2000 by Susan Guevara. Used withpermission of the Author and Book Stop Literary Agency. All rights reserved. ©2003 by the National Council ofTeachers of English. All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproducedor trans- mitted in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including pho- tocopy, or any information storage and retrievalsystem, without permission from the, copyright holder. Printedin the United States of America. It is the policy of NCTE in its journalsand other publications to providea fo- rum for the open discussion of ideas concerning thecontent and the teaching of English and the languagearts. Publicity accorded to any particular pointof view does not imply endorsement bythe Executive Committee, the Boardof Directors, or the membership at large,except in announcements of policy, where such endorsement is clearlyspecified. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationData Stories matter : the complexity of culturalauthenticity in children's literature/ edited by Dana L. Fox, Kathy G. Short. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references andindex. ISBN 0-8141-4744-5 (pbk.) 1. Children's literature, AmericanHistoryand criticismTheory, etc. 2. Children's literature, EnglishHistoryand criticismTheory, etc. 3. ChildrenBooks and readingEnglish-speakingcountries. 4. Children Books and readingUnited States.5. Multiculturalism in literature. 6. Storytelling in literature. 7. Culturein literature. I. Fox, Dana L. II. Short, Kathy Gnagey. PS490.S74 2003 813.0099282dc21 2003012055 About the Cover t The cover illustration by Susan Guevara comes from My Daughter, My Son, the Eagle, the Dove/Mi hija, mi hijo, el aguila, la paloma, written by Ana Castillo (Dutton, 2000). We chose this illustration for the cover of Stories Matter because it so pow- erfully conveys the primary theme of this bookchildren's need for stories in their lives that authentically convey their own and others' cultures. Stories do matter to children. They influence the ways in which children think about themselves and their place in the world as well as the ways in which they think about other cultural perspectives and peoples. As this illustration indicates, these influences come both from ancient traditions and wisdom and from interacting with stories alongside significant adults in a child's world. In this case, the grandmother is sharing a story with her grand- daughter, which reflects the importance of story being passed from one gen- eration to another through personal interactions with those who matter in a child's life. The Aztec symbols connect this Latina grandmother and grand- daughter to their own heritage in the ancient land now known as Mexico. It is fitting that this book is rooted in the ancient chants that were recited as a rite of passage by a parent or wise elder for a child on her way to adulthood. The combination of ancient traditions and contemporary images reflects the ways in which stories continue to weave particular cultural traditions and values from one generation to the next and the importance of those stories in authen- tically reflecting both the past and present of those cultures. Susan's process of creating this illustration reflects her careful attention to authenticity as she drew from her own personal and cultural experiences as well as engaged in extensive research on Aztec daily life and their use of glyphs or "picture writing." She includes two levels of story in this illustra- tion, showing both a contemporary story of a grandmother and granddaugh- ter and a metaphoric story related to the glyphs. The two glyphs above the heads of the girl and her grandmother are their name glyphs, and the glyphs below symbolize their missions and journeys. Susan's careful research and her strong connection to this chant unite accuracy of cultural fact with the authen- ticity of cultural values in order to create a powerful image that visually intro- duces many of the issues addressed by authors of the chapters in Stories Mat- ter. Kathy G. Short and Dana L. Fox BEST COPYAVAILABLE vi About the Cover The ideographic language of the pre-Hispanicpeoples is an important part of my Mesoamerican heritage. It is important not solelybecause of my obvious genealogical connection but also because Iam a picture maker. I describe the world around me, the worlds of specificstories I am illustrating, in pictures. Picture making is how I retell the feeling ofbeing in a certain world ata cer- tain time. I am closely aligned to the "image"as a way of communicating, just as children first draw pictures to make sense of and relateto their world. It is no coincidence that I make pictures for children's books. This Mesoamerican
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