HEAVY LIQUIDS Product Catalog/Technical Guide Letter from the President
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Use of Solvents for Pahs Extraction and Enhancement of the Pahs Bioremediation in Coal- Tar-Contaminated Soils Pak-Hing Lee Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2000 Use of solvents for PAHs extraction and enhancement of the PAHs bioremediation in coal- tar-contaminated soils Pak-Hing Lee Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Environmental Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Lee, Pak-Hing, "Use of solvents for PAHs extraction and enhancement of the PAHs bioremediation in coal-tar-contaminated soils " (2000). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 13912. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/13912 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter fece, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quaiity of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substeindard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlilcely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
Transport of Dangerous Goods
ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions. -
Transfer of Bromoform Present in Asparagopsis Taxiformis to Milk and Urine of Lactating Dairy Cows
foods Article Safety and Transfer Study: Transfer of Bromoform Present in Asparagopsis taxiformis to Milk and Urine of Lactating Dairy Cows Wouter Muizelaar 1,2,* , Maria Groot 3 , Gert van Duinkerken 1, Ruud Peters 3 and Jan Dijkstra 2 1 Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] 2 Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] 3 Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] (M.G.); [email protected] (R.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +31-317-487-941 Abstract: Enteric methane (CH4) is the main source of greenhouse gas emissions from ruminants. The red seaweeds Asparagopsis taxiformis (AT) and Asparagopsis armata contain halogenated compounds, including bromoform (CHBr3), which may strongly decrease enteric CH4 emissions. Bromoform is known to have several toxicological effects in rats and mice and is quickly excreted by the animals. This study investigated the transfer of CHBr3 present in AT to milk, urine, feces, and animal tissue when incorporated in the diet of dairy cows. Twelve lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, representing the target dose (low), 2× target dose (medium), and 5× target dose (high). The adaptation period lasted seven days, and subsequently Citation: Muizelaar, W.; Groot, M.; cows were fed AT for 22 days maximally. The transfer of CHBr3 to the urine at days 1 and 10 (10–148 van Duinkerken, G.; Peters, R.; µg/L) was found with all treatments. -
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET According to the Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET according to the Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Date of issue: 12/20/2012 Version 1.0 SECTION 1. Identification Product identifier Product number 101944 Product name Bromoform for separation of minerals mixtures Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses Reagent for analysis Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company EMD Millipore Corporation | 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821, United States of America | SDS Phone Support: +1-978-715-1335 | General Inquiries: +1-978-751-4321 | Monday to Friday, 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM Eastern Time (GMT-5) e-mail: [email protected] Emergency telephone 800-424-9300 CHEMTREC (USA) +1-703-527-3887 CHEMTREC (International) 24 Hours/day; 7 Days/week SECTION 2. Hazards identification GHS Classification Acute toxicity, Category 3, Inhalation, H331 Acute toxicity, Category 4, Oral, H302 Eye irritation, Category 2, H319 Skin irritation, Category 2, H315 Chronic aquatic toxicity, Category 2, H411 For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. GHS-Labeling Hazard pictograms Signal Word Danger Hazard Statements H331 Toxic if inhaled. Page 1 of 11 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET according to the Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Product number 101944 Version 1.0 Product name Bromoform for separation of minerals mixtures H302 Harmful if swallowed. H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H315 Causes skin irritation. H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Precautionary Statements P273 Avoid release to the environment. P304 + P340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. -
PAPERS READ BEFORE the CHEMICAL SOCIETY. XXII1.-On
View Article Online / Journal Homepage / Table of Contents for this issue 773 PAPERS READ BEFORE THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. XXII1.-On Tetrabromide of Carbon. No. II. By THOMASBOLAS and CHARLESE. GROVES. IN a former paper* we described several methods for the preparation of the hitherto unknown tetrabromide of carbon, and in the present communication we desire to lay before the Society the results of our more recent experiments. In addition to those methods of obtaining the carbon tetrabromide, which we have already published, the fol- lowing are of interest, either from a theoretical point of view, or as affording advantageous means for the preparation of that substance. Action of Bromine on Carbon Disulphide. Our former statement that? bromine had no action on carbon disul- phide requires some modification, as we find that when it is heated to 180" or 200" for several hundred hours with bromine free from both chlorine and iodine, and the contents of the tubes are neutralised and distilled in the usual way, a liquid is obtained, which consists almost entirely of unaltered carbon disulphide ; but when this is allowed to evaporate spontaneously, a small quantity of a crystalline substance is left, which has the appearance and properties of carbon tetrabromide. The length of time required for this reaction, and the very small relative amount of substance obtained, would, however, render this Published on 01 January 1871. Downloaded by Brown University 25/10/2014 10:39:25. quite inapplicable as a process for the preparation of the tetra- bromide. Action of Bromine on Carbon Disdphide in, presence of Certain Bromides. -
Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, Fourth Edition
12 Chemical fact sheets A conceptual framework for Introduction implementing the Guidelines (Chapter 1) (Chapter 2) he background docu- FRAMEWORK FOR SAFE DRINKING-WATER SUPPORTING Tments referred to in INFORMATION this chapter (as the princi- Health-based targets Public health context Microbial aspects pal reference for each fact (Chapter 3) and health outcome (Chapters 7 and 11) sheet) may be found on Water safety plans Chemical aspects (Chapter 4) (Chapters 8 and 12) the Water, Sanitation, Hy- System Management and Radiological Monitoring giene and Health web site assessment communication aspects at http://www.who.int/ (Chapter 9) Acceptability Surveillance water_sanitation_health/ aspects (Chapter 5) dwq/chemicals/en/index. (Chapter 10) html. A complete list of r eferences cited in this Application of the Guidelines in specic circumstances chapter, including the (Chapter 6) background documents Climate change, Emergencies, Rainwater harvesting, Desalination for each c hemical, is pro- systems, Travellers, Planes and vided in Annex 2. ships, etc. 12.1 Chemical contaminants in drinking-water Acrylamide Residual acrylamide monomer occurs in polyacrylamide coagulants used in the treat- ment of drinking-water. In general, the maximum authorized dose of polymer is 1 mg/l. At a monomer content of 0.05%, this corresponds to a maximum theoretical concen- tration of 0.5 µg/l of the monomer in water. Practical concentrations may be lower by a factor of 2–3. This applies to the anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamides, but residual levels from cationic polyacrylamides may be higher. Polyacrylamides are also used as grouting agents in the construction of drinking-water reservoirs and wells. -
Techniques for Quantifying Gaseous Hocl Using Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry
View Article Online / Journal Homepage / Table of Contents for this issue Techniques for quantifying gaseous HOCl using atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry Krishna L. Foster, Tracy E. Caldwell,¤ Thorsten Benter,* Sarka Langer,” John C. Hemminger and Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts* Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA Received 10th September 1999, Accepted 1st November 1999 HOCl is speculated to be an important intermediate in mid-latitude marine boundary layer chemistry and at high latitudes in spring-time when surface-levelO3 depletion occurs. However, techniques do not currently exist to measure HOCl in the troposphere. We demonstrate that atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (API-MS) is a highly sensitive and selective technique which has promise for HOCl measurements both in laboratory systems and in Ðeld studies. While HOCl can be measured as the Æ ~ (HOCl O2) adduct with air as the chemical ionization (CI) reagent gas, the intensity of this adduct is sensitive to the presence of acids and to the amount of water vapor, complicating its use for quantitative measurements. However, the addition of bromoform vapor to the corona discharge region forms bromide ions that attach to HOCl and allow its detection via the (HOCl Æ Br)~ adduct. The ionÈmolecule chemistry associated with the use of air or bromoform as the CI reagent gas is discussed, with particular emphasis on the e†ects of relative humidity and gas phase acid concentrations. HOCl is quantiÐed by measuring the amount of Cl2 formed by its heterogeneous reaction with condensed-phaseHCl/H2O. Detection limits are D3 parts per billion (ppb) using air as the CI reagent gas and D0.9 ppb using bromoform. -
Ijmp.Jor.Br V
INDEPENDENT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & PRODUCTION (IJM&P) http://www.ijmp.jor.br v. 10, n. 8, Special Edition Seng 2019 ISSN: 2236-269X DOI: 10.14807/ijmp.v10i8.1046 A NEW HYPOTHESIS ABOUT THE NUCLEAR HYDROGEN STRUCTURE Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu IFToMM, Romania E-mail: [email protected] Raffaella Aversa University of Naples, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Antonio Apicella University of Naples, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Taher M. Abu-Lebdeh North Carolina A and T State Univesity, United States E-mail: [email protected] Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu IFToMM, Romania E-mail: [email protected] Submission: 5/3/2019 Accept: 5/20/2019 ABSTRACT In other papers already presented on the structure and dimensions of elemental hydrogen, the elementary particle dynamics was taken into account in order to be able to determine the size of the hydrogen. This new work, one comes back with a new dynamic hypothesis designed to fundamentally change again the dynamic particle size due to the impulse influence of the particle. Until now it has been assumed that the impulse of an elementary particle is equal to the mass of the particle multiplied by its velocity, but in reality, the impulse definition is different, which is derived from the translational kinetic energy in a rapport of its velocity. This produces an additional condensation of matter in its elemental form. Keywords: Particle structure; Impulse; Condensed matter. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/] Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License 1749 INDEPENDENT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & PRODUCTION (IJM&P) http://www.ijmp.jor.br v. -
Silanes for Powerful Connections
Creating tomorrow’s solutions SILANES I ORGANOFUNCTIONAL FOR POWERFUL CONNECTIONS You’ve never worked like this WITH SILANES OUR GENIOSIL® TRADEMARK WACKER organofunctional silanes, WACKER has been actively researching Contents marketed under the trademark and developing organofunctional silanes GENIOSIL®, include our established for decades. Chemically and technologi- The GENIOSIL® Trademark 3 standard silanes as well as numerous cally, they are closely related to silicones, Organofunctional Silanes 4 specialty silanes that will be of use which have always constituted one of Chemical Bonding to in a variety of new application areas. our core businesses. Our experience in Organic Polymers 6 these fields, together with our expertise The “a Effect” 8 We encounter industrial products con- in organic fine chemicals, enables us GENIOSIL® für Adhesives and taining organofunctional silanes every to continuously develop innovative Sealants 12 day, and without them, the world as processes and products in these key Product Overview GENIOSIL® we know it would be hard to imagine. technologies. Organofunctional Silanes 16 As an important component of paints Product Overview and varnishes, organofunctional silanes Today, WACKER produces a broad range Non-functional Silanes 18 ensure that they adhere to a variety of organofunctional silanes and markets WACKER at a Glance 19 of substrates and last for many years. them under the GENIOSIL® trademark. Adhesives containing silanes can replace The product portfolio includes not only rivets and bolts, while silane-modified the established, standard products, but fillers and glass fibers reinforce plastics, also novel molecules with unrivaled prop- thus making them suitable for a huge erties. These open up completely new range of applications. -
Marine Sources of Bromoform in the Global Open Ocean – Global Patterns and Emissions
Biogeosciences, 12, 1967–1981, 2015 www.biogeosciences.net/12/1967/2015/ doi:10.5194/bg-12-1967-2015 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Marine sources of bromoform in the global open ocean – global patterns and emissions I. Stemmler1,3, I. Hense1, and B. Quack2 1Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, CEN, Hamburg, Germany 2Geomar, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany 3Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany Correspondence to: I. Stemmler ([email protected]) Received: 22 September 2014 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 7 November 2014 Revised: 27 February 2015 – Accepted: 2 March 2015 – Published: 25 March 2015 Abstract. Bromoform (CHBr3) is one important precursor 1 Introduction of atmospheric reactive bromine species that are involved in ozone depletion in the troposphere and stratosphere. In the open ocean bromoform production is linked to phyto- Bromoform (CHBr3) is one of the most abundant bromine- plankton that contains the enzyme bromoperoxidase. Coastal containing volatile halocarbons and is a considerable source sources of bromoform are higher than open ocean sources. of reactive bromine species in the atmosphere (e.g. Carpenter However, open ocean emissions are important because the and Liss, 2000; Law and Sturges, 2007; Salawitch, 2006). transfer of tracers into higher altitude in the air, i.e. into Due to its lifetime of approximately 3–4 weeks (Moortgat the ozone layer, strongly depends on the location of emis- et al., 1993; Law and Sturges, 2007), bromoform alters the sions. For example, emissions in the tropics are more rapidly bromine budget in both the troposphere and the stratosphere transported into the upper atmosphere than emissions from and can lead to ozone depletion with potential impacts on higher latitudes. -
Subhra Bhattacharya, Eric Oliver, Deva H. Puranam and Stephen C
GCMS IMPURITY PROFILING OF METHYLENE CHLORIDE – A SOLVENT WIDELY USED IN PHARMACEUTICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Subhra Bhattacharya, Eric Oliver, Deva H. Puranam and Stephen C. Roemer Thermo Fisher Scientific – Global Chemicals, One Reagent Lane, Fair Lawn, NJ ABSTRACT Figure 1. Schematic of Dedicated Distillation Unit (1000 gal capacity) Figure 3. Supplier #1 Raw Material February 2012 – Extracted Ion Chromatogram of m/z 140 and m/z 12 Figure 6. Supplier #2 Raw Material and Purified Product February 2013 Figure 10. EIC of m/z 104, Mass Spectra and NIST Result • Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) has gained broad usage in pharmaceutical, environmental, and chemical research because the technique supports qualitative and quantitative applications with low limits of detection. Methylene chloride is commonly used as an extraction solvent for trace analysis of organic molecules by GCMS. Production of ultrapure methylene chloride has become a challenge due to instrumentation advances leading to ever-lower analyte detection limits. Analysis of raw materials and the corresponding purified solvents by GCMS generates relevant information regarding the nature of the impurities and help to explore new strategies for producing ultrapure methylene chloride. • In the current work, GCMS was used to evaluate the impurity profile of raw methylene chloride from different sources as well as the finished product in order to track the movement and accumulation of impurities in the solvent through the distillation and packaging processes. Rotary evaporation was used to concentrate the solvent, 1000-fold for raw material and 4000-fold for distilled product. GCMS data were collected using Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra-MSQ instrument. -
Membrane Selection Guide
Zaiput Flow Technologies Membranes for Liquid-Liquid Separators Providing in-line liquid-liquid separation for flow chemistry Selection Guide A variety of membranes for your Zaiput separator are available to optimize separation performance and through- put. Membranes are available in both hydrophobic and hydrophilic, they are low cost and easy to replace. Membrane selection process The key parameters for identifying a suitable membrane for separation are the interfacial tension (IFT) between the two phases and the viscosity of the permeating phase (higher viscosities will decrease the throughput of the device). In general, the lower the interfacial tension, the smaller the pore size needs to be. However, smaller pore size reduces the maximum viscosity that can be accommodated by the membrane. A smaller pore size also lowers the total throughput of the device. For general applications, we recommend using a hydrophobic membrane and following the steps below: 1. Identify your mixture’s interfacial tension. Interfacial tension data for a variety of solvent systems is available at the end of this document, in literature or can be searched for online. For complex mixtures, an initial approxima- tion can be obtained by looking at the interfacial tension between the largest component of your system. Please note that salts give a modest increase to the interfacial tension and solvents miscible in both aqueous or organic will decrease it. Often a good estimate is enough, a more accurate value is helpful when dealing with low interfa- cial tension systems (<5 mN/m). 2. Know the viscosity of the permeating phase. Usually an estimate of the viscosity of your permeating phase (organic for a hydrophobic membrane) is enough.