DOCSLIB.ORG

Mcmillan Ellis 1930 Sec.Pdf (8.139Mb)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

, , � , " , I ( t . ,f ,f " "',X1) \� I ,,1 ":; �.', A/ , ,� \ '\. I'") ,-.'\ " 1 '''{ I \ \ , t· J ::r' I'< /' '!� f 5(;' ", \ ).---- "I ... , "--':-/. , /;;' \';.;_:�;�,:� ;';<r:' >f UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN This volume is the property of the University of Saskatchewan, and the literary rights of the author and of the University must he respected. If the reader oh­ tains any assistance from this volume, he must give proper credit in his own work. This Thesis by .. EIJ.,IS.McMILLA.N : . has heen used hy the following persons, whose signatures attest their accept­ ance of the ahove restrictions. Narne and Address Date ,.� A THESIS ent itled A PR3LIMINARY STUDY OF THE POLYEMBRYOUIC CUTWORM PARASITE BERECYNTUS BAKERI VAR. GEMMA GIRAULT BY Ellis McMillan presented April, 1930. to the Faculty of Arts and Science of the University of SasKatchewan, in part ful­ filment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. FOR E W 0 R D TOT H � THE SIS The field and laboratory worK involved in this study has been performed by the writer during the period 1927-1930 as a part of the investigational worK pertaining to the duties of Assistant Entomologist, Canada Department of Agriculture, and is used here by permission of the Dominion Entomologist, Mr. Arthur Gibson. The development of the full plan of the study, the worK in its entirety (except for certain routine phases), the assembling of data and the conclusions brought out, should all be credited to the writer. Ac­ Knowledgments in full are given of any assistance which has been received. In the following presentation, both on account of convenience and because of the large amount of data in­ volved, the worK has been divided into four principal sections. The first deals with the biology of the red­ baCKed cutworm (Euxoa ochrogaster), the chief host of the paraSite being studied, and is merely a summarized statement of previous worK done by K. :M. King and N. J. AtKinson. The second section deals with the systematic study of the paraSite consisting mainly of a treatment of larval morphology. The biology of the parasite in all its aspects is fully treated in the third section. while the fourth part outlines the pre- -�- liminar,y studies on the polyembryonic development of the parasite. Finally, credit for the original conception of the problem goes entirely to Mr. King, as also does some of the subsequent , supervision. -------...,_....".,......",...".......,,=---...=.��-�--- ACKITOWLEDGMEUTS An investigation of the nature of the present study, in parts so detailed and so intricate, requires the assistance of others who are fully aware of the dangers and pitfalls to be met with in polyembryony. It is with great pleasure, therefore, that the writer ac�nowledges his indebtednessto the following, from whom material help has been received. Chief among. those to whom the author wishes to ex­ press his gratitude in the'pre�ent �ork is Mr. K. M. King, Federal Entomologist for Sas�atchewan; to him belongs the initial conception of the problem, his permission and re­ commendation were necessary for the carrying on of part of the wor� in Branch hours and for the use of some mat­ erial presented herewith. Of equally great assistance was his continued interest in the problem, manifested by kindly criticism and many useful suggestions. To Dr. L. G. Saunders, under whose supervision the study has been conducted, I wish to express my apprecia­ tion of his help and consideration. It has been the �indness of Dr. W. P. Thompson and Dr. Saunders which has made possible the presentation of this work as a thesis. From H. G. Crawford, Entomologist in Charge of Field Crops and Garden Insects, Canada Department of Agriculture permission was obtained, upon Mr. King's recommendation, ---- _. -_. -----=��==""""=��=-==-��-- to use in the present thesis data and material obtained by 1fr. King and the author as officers of t:qe Entomological Branch, and to him the author wishes to express his sincere t hanks , The author has been fortunate in obtaining valuable advice from specialists in insect polyembryony. To Dr. H. L. Parker, European Parasite Laboratory, United States Bureau of Entomology, my most sincere thanKs are given for the advice received concerning larval morphology among the Chalcididae. From time to time,during my re­ search, considerable help in interpreting the polyembryonw development of the parasite,has been received from Dr. R. W. Leiby, North Carolina Department of Agriyulture, and I am exceedingly grateful for his sympathetic interest in my difficulties. To Dr. Patterson, University of Texas, grateful thanKs are due; this specialist in polyembryony brought to my attention relevant literature which proved invaluable. For laboratory facilities and supplies I would expre� my indebtedness to the Entomological Branch and to the Department of Biology of the University of Sask.atchev,-an. Messrs. A. Arnason, R. Glen and L. Paul, fellow officers at the Sask.atoon Laboratory, have materially helped at various times in the routine phases of the field and laboratory work.. Their friendly interest in the pro­ blem is also sincerely appreciated. -�- �- �- - --...;;:.,,::;,- ;.....__ __;..._��===--_�=_=_O'"........._=__------ T _\.B2::,E 0 Fe\) UT �UT S LIST OF FIS-TIRES I IUTRODUCT Io:r 1 II BIOIOr'jy OF THE CHIEF EOST. :::t1!O_\. OCHROGASTER ( SUI��L\';ty ) 3 II I SYSTEMAT IC 11 IV IITORPHOI.OGY 19 1. The egg 19 o ..... The La rva (a) Larval types in the chalcid oidea. 21 (b) External anatonzy 28 (c) Internal anatomy 29 3. Prepupa 32 4. Pupa 32 V BIOLOGY OF THE PARASITE 1. Emergence of the adults 35 2. Longevity of the adults, their habits and reactions. 39 3. potential progenitiveness ,45 4. Copulation 47 5. Oviposition 49 6. Parthenogenesis 55 7. Appearance of parasitized e�gs 60 8. Feeding of parasitized larvae and non-parasitized larvae. 61 9. Comnarison of the amount of time spent Lu the different stages of development by no rmal and para- sit ized larvae. 66 10. Hosts. 69 11. Super-parasitism of Euxoa ochrogaster. 72 1·::>..... Interrelationship of dise�se and parasitism by Berecyntus. 75 13. The general effects of parasitism on the hast and on the parasite. 77 14. The of food with reuro- relationship � ductive activity and longevity. 82 15. The relationship of abund�nce of the parasite to weather conditions. 86 16. Seasonal history. 107 17. Percentages of parasitism and economic importance. 116 VI PO 1YEliIB�YO BY 1. General considerations on polyernbryony132 ( a) thea ries 132 (b) polyembryony in animals 136 2. Historical review of literature on polyembryony, chiefly insect poly- embryony. 144 3. No t e s on the host and parasite 154 4. Development of the egg (fall period) 156 (a) preoviposition 156 (b) ovipoeitio� to cleavage 157 (c) egg after oviposi�ion 158 ( d) d e ve Lo pine rrt in the host eg;s 162 1. maturation and fertiliz- ation. 163 Z. cleavage to overwinter- ing stage. 164 (e) EuffiLaryand discussion of the development' of the para.site egg to the overw int er ing st age. 168 5. Develo:pment of pazas Lt e body in host larva (spring and e arly euumer ) 169 (a) development of the parasite body after �tching of the host but previous to any indication of polyembryony. 170 1 • po 1ygerma 1 rlJ9..SS 17�� 2. f 0 rrna t Lo n 0 f po1ygermal mass 173 (b)' first indications of polyembry- ony. 1. polyembryonal mass 175 2. the Lnt e r etub ryo na L matrix 176 (c) pseudogerms, pseudomoru1as� pseudo embryos and pseudolarvae 178 (d) .independant life of par�site in the lymph of the host 183 1. the larvae 183 2. prepupa1 stage and pupa- tion 156 6. Relationship betv.een specific poly­ embryony of parasitic hymenoptera and experimental polyembryony� 187 7. Rela.tionship be twe e n specific poly­ embryony of parasitic hymenoptera and other methods of agamic reproduction. 188 8. F:.wtors conditioning or aiding specific polyembryony in par:3.sitic hymenoptera. 194 9. Rearing da.t� on the sexes. 200 r!umber of adult s emerging from host. 203 10. The origin of mixed broods in poly- e mb ry o n i,c hymenopt era. 207 VII T:::CH�Trr�UE 215 -- -� ----- -------------------�====------------ 1. Rearing methods. 215 2. Histological technique. 222 VIII 'llHE CO:::Et�:::::'ATIO�r OEl STRUCTU� AND HOST �ATIOU -'i.HOnG TES EHCYRTHL\E 225 IX SUI!I:U.RY 229 X BIBLIOGRA.EHY 235 LIST OF lIT GtJRFS Atter page l5-----PlateI: Antenna, head, mandibles and ovary of Berecyntus. l8-----Plat e II : Adult, pupa and larva of 1!. baker! • 20-----Plate III: Eggs of B. baker!. 27-----Plate IV: Larval types in the Chalcidoidea. 4l-----Chari I: Length of life of adults of !.bakeri. 52-�---Chart II: Duration of oviposition and feeding � puncture. 63-----Chart III: Amount of tood consumed by healthy and parasitized '. larvae of Euxoa ochrogaster. 66-----Chart IV: Length ot ttme spent in the different stages of development by nor.mal Eu�oa ochrogaster larvae and by larvae parasitiaed by Berecyntus. 76-----chart V: Mortallty of Euxoa ochrogaster from insect parasitism and "diseases" of larvae and pupae at Saskatoon during 1925. , . 82-----Plate V: :'Diagramatic representations of three shapes aaaimed by larvae of Euxoa ochrogaster parasitized by Berecyntus. se----Chart VI: Ntunber of Berecyntus adults emerging from Euxoa ochrogaster larvae, the eggs fram wbidt these larvae hatched having previously bee� kept at different temperatures. .. -_ _._- --"""-"--':;;..;._-.........__....;..---------------__.............. 90----Chart VII: Nmnber of adults of Berecyntus emerging fram Euxoa tristicula larvae, these larvae having previously been reared together under laborator.y conditions from. the egg to the fourth moult and then subjected to different temperatures tor a period of 30 days.
Recommended publications
  • Macrolepidoptera Inventory of the Chilcotin District

    Macrolepidoptera Inventory of the Chilcotin District

    Macrolepidoptera Inventory of the Chilcotin District Aud I. Fischer – Biologist Jon H. Shepard - Research Scientist and Crispin S. Guppy – Research Scientist January 31, 2000 2 Abstract This study was undertaken to learn more of the distribution, status and habitat requirements of B.C. macrolepidoptera (butterflies and the larger moths), the group of insects given the highest priority by the BC Environment Conservation Center. The study was conducted in the Chilcotin District near Williams Lake and Riske Creek in central B.C. The study area contains a wide variety of habitats, including rare habitat types that elsewhere occur only in the Lillooet-Lytton area of the Fraser Canyon and, in some cases, the Southern Interior. Specimens were collected with light traps and by aerial net. A total of 538 species of macrolepidoptera were identified during the two years of the project, which is 96% of the estimated total number of species in the study area. There were 29,689 specimens collected, and 9,988 records of the number of specimens of each species captured on each date at each sample site. A list of the species recorded from the Chilcotin is provided, with a summary of provincial and global distributions. The habitats, at site series level as TEM mapped, are provided for each sample. A subset of the data was provided to the Ministry of Forests (Research Section, Williams Lake) for use in a Flamulated Owl study. A voucher collection of 2,526 moth and butterfly specimens was deposited in the Royal BC Museum. There were 25 species that are rare in BC, with most known only from the Riske Creek area.
  • Survey of Lepidoptera of the Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve

    Survey of Lepidoptera of the Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve

    SURVEY OF LEPIDOPTERA OF THE WAINWRIGHT DUNES ECOLOGICAL RESERVE Alberta Species at Risk Report No. 159 SURVEY OF LEPIDOPTERA OF THE WAINWRIGHT DUNES ECOLOGICAL RESERVE Doug Macaulay Alberta Species at Risk Report No.159 Project Partners: i ISBN 978-1-4601-3449-8 ISSN 1496-7146 Photo: Doug Macaulay of Pale Yellow Dune Moth ( Copablepharon grandis ) For copies of this report, visit our website at: http://www.aep.gov.ab.ca/fw/speciesatrisk/index.html This publication may be cited as: Macaulay, A. D. 2016. Survey of Lepidoptera of the Wainwright Dunes Ecological Reserve. Alberta Species at Risk Report No.159. Alberta Environment and Parks, Edmonton, AB. 31 pp. ii DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the policies of the Department or the Alberta Government. iii Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... vi 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................. 2 3.0 METHODS ................................................................................................................... 6 4.0 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................
  • Zoogeography of the Holarctic Species of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera): Importance of the Bering Ian Refuge

    Zoogeography of the Holarctic Species of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera): Importance of the Bering Ian Refuge

    © Entomologica Fennica. 8.XI.l991 Zoogeography of the Holarctic species of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera): importance of the Bering ian refuge Kauri Mikkola, J, D. Lafontaine & V. S. Kononenko Mikkola, K., Lafontaine, J.D. & Kononenko, V. S. 1991 : Zoogeography of the Holarctic species of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera): importance of the Beringian refuge. - En to mol. Fennica 2: 157- 173. As a result of published and unpublished revisionary work, literature compi­ lation and expeditions to the Beringian area, 98 species of the Noctuidae are listed as Holarctic and grouped according to their taxonomic and distributional history. Of the 44 species considered to be "naturall y" Holarctic before this study, 27 (61 %) are confirmed as Holarctic; 16 species are added on account of range extensions and 29 because of changes in their taxonomic status; 17 taxa are deleted from the Holarctic list. This brings the total of the group to 72 species. Thirteen species are considered to be introduced by man from Europe, a further eight to have been transported by man in the subtropical areas, and five migrant species, three of them of Neotropical origin, may have been assisted by man. The m~jority of the "naturally" Holarctic species are associated with tundra habitats. The species of dry tundra are frequently endemic to Beringia. In the taiga zone, most Holarctic connections consist of Palaearctic/ Nearctic species pairs. The proportion ofHolarctic species decreases from 100 % in the High Arctic to between 40 and 75 % in Beringia and the northern taiga zone, and from between 10 and 20 % in Newfoundland and Finland to between 2 and 4 % in southern Ontario, Central Europe, Spain and Primorye.
  • MOTHS and BUTTERFLIES LEPIDOPTERA DISTRIBUTION DATA SOURCES (LEPIDOPTERA) * Detailed Distributional Information Has Been J.D

    MOTHS and BUTTERFLIES LEPIDOPTERA DISTRIBUTION DATA SOURCES (LEPIDOPTERA) * Detailed Distributional Information Has Been J.D

    MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES LEPIDOPTERA DISTRIBUTION DATA SOURCES (LEPIDOPTERA) * Detailed distributional information has been J.D. Lafontaine published for only a few groups of Lepidoptera in western Biological Resources Program, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada. Scott (1986) gives good distribution maps for Canada butterflies in North America but these are generalized shade Central Experimental Farm Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 maps that give no detail within the Montane Cordillera Ecozone. A series of memoirs on the Inchworms (family and Geometridae) of Canada by McGuffin (1967, 1972, 1977, 1981, 1987) and Bolte (1990) cover about 3/4 of the Canadian J.T. Troubridge fauna and include dot maps for most species. A long term project on the “Forest Lepidoptera of Canada” resulted in a Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre (Agassiz) four volume series on Lepidoptera that feed on trees in Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Canada and these also give dot maps for most species Box 1000, Agassiz, B.C. V0M 1A0 (McGugan, 1958; Prentice, 1962, 1963, 1965). Dot maps for three groups of Cutworm Moths (Family Noctuidae): the subfamily Plusiinae (Lafontaine and Poole, 1991), the subfamilies Cuculliinae and Psaphidinae (Poole, 1995), and ABSTRACT the tribe Noctuini (subfamily Noctuinae) (Lafontaine, 1998) have also been published. Most fascicles in The Moths of The Montane Cordillera Ecozone of British Columbia America North of Mexico series (e.g. Ferguson, 1971-72, and southwestern Alberta supports a diverse fauna with over 1978; Franclemont, 1973; Hodges, 1971, 1986; Lafontaine, 2,000 species of butterflies and moths (Order Lepidoptera) 1987; Munroe, 1972-74, 1976; Neunzig, 1986, 1990, 1997) recorded to date.
  • 2010 Season Summary Index NEW WOFTHE~ Zone 1: Yukon Territory

    2010 Season Summary Index NEW WOFTHE~ Zone 1: Yukon Territory

    2010 Season Summary Index NEW WOFTHE~ Zone 1: Yukon Territory ........................................................................................... 3 Alaska ... ........................................ ............................................................... 3 LEPIDOPTERISTS Zone 2: British Columbia .................................................... ........................ ............ 6 Idaho .. ... ....................................... ................................................................ 6 Oregon ........ ... .... ........................ .. .. ............................................................ 10 SOCIETY Volume 53 Supplement Sl Washington ................................................................................................ 14 Zone 3: Arizona ............................................................ .................................... ...... 19 The Lepidopterists' Society is a non-profo California ............... ................................................. .............. .. ................... 2 2 educational and scientific organization. The Nevada ..................................................................... ................................ 28 object of the Society, which was formed in Zone 4: Colorado ................................ ... ............... ... ...... ......................................... 2 9 May 1947 and formally constituted in De­ Montana .................................................................................................... 51 cember
  • RECOGNIZING ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CATERPILLAR PESTS of PACIFIC NORTHWEST ROW CROPS Prepared by A.L

    RECOGNIZING ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CATERPILLAR PESTS of PACIFIC NORTHWEST ROW CROPS Prepared by A.L

    EB1892 RECOGNIZING ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CATERPILLAR PESTS OF PACIFIC NORTHWEST ROW CROPS Prepared by A.L. Antonelli, Ph.D., Washington State University Cooperative Extension entomologist, WSU Puyallup; P.J. Landolt, Ph.D., USDA, Wapato; D.F. Mayer, Ph.D., WSU research entomologist, WSU Prosser; and AH.W. Homan, University of Idaho entomologist (retired) Use pesticides with care. Apply them only to plants, animals, or sites listed on the label. When mixing and applying pesticides, follow all label precautions to protect yourself and others around you. It is a violation of the law to disregard label directions. If pesticides are spilled on skin or clothing, remove clothing and wash skin thoroughly. Store pesticides in their original containers and keep them out of the reach of children, pets, and livestock. Copyright 2000 Washington State University EB1892 RECOGNIZING ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CATERPILLAR PESTS OF pacific northwest ROW CROPS Most economically important “worms” or caterpillars in the Pacific Northwest belong to the family Noctuidae, comprising the cutworms, armyworms, and loopers. The moth adults of this family collectively are known as “millers.” Although in this bulletin we deal primarily with the noctuid group, we describe two other species, the imported cabbageworm and the diamondback moth. They also are noted pests of the Northwest’s important cole crops. Because it is often more efficient to monitor for adults than for larvae, we include descriptions and photos of adults in this guide. Larvae photos are as true to type as we could find to reinforce the text. Word descriptions follow the style and format previously given by Johansen, 1973 (Fig 1) and can be used only with mature larvae.
  • Winter Cutworm: a New Pest Threat in Oregon J

    Winter Cutworm: a New Pest Threat in Oregon J

    OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION SERVICE Winter Cutworm: A New Pest Threat in Oregon J. Green, A. Dreves, B. McDonald, and E. Peachey Introduction Winter cutworm is the common name for the larval stage of the large yellow underwing moth (Noctua pronuba [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae]). The cutworm has tolerance for cold temperatures, and larval feeding activity persists throughout fall and winter. Adult N. pronuba moths have been detected in Oregon for at least a decade, and the species is common in many different ecological habitats. Epidemic outbreaks of adult moths have occurred periodically in this region, resulting in captures of up to 500 moths per night. However, larval feeding by N. pronuba has not been a problem in Oregon until recently. In 2013 and 2014, there were isolated instances reported, including damage by larvae to sod near Portland and defoliation of herb and flower gardens in Corvallis. In 2015, large numbers of larvae were observed around homes, within golf courses, and in field crops located in Oregon and Washington. Winter cutworms have a wide host range across agricultural, urban, and natural landscapes (Table Photo: Nate McGhee, © Oregon State University. 1, page 2) and are a concern as a potential crop pest that can cause considerable damage in a short highlights general information about winter amount of time. Above-ground damage occurs when cutworm, including identification, scouting recom- larvae chew through tissues near ground level, cut- mendations, and potential control measures. ting the stems off plants. Leaf chewing and root feeding also have been observed. Winter cutworms Jessica Green, faculty research assistant, Department of are gregarious, which means they feed and move in Horticulture; Amy J.
  • 1 Modern Threats to the Lepidoptera Fauna in The

    1 Modern Threats to the Lepidoptera Fauna in The

    MODERN THREATS TO THE LEPIDOPTERA FAUNA IN THE FLORIDA ECOSYSTEM By THOMSON PARIS A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 2011 Thomson Paris 2 To my mother and father who helped foster my love for butterflies 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my family who have provided advice, support, and encouragement throughout this project. I especially thank my sister and brother for helping to feed and label larvae throughout the summer. Second, I thank Hillary Burgess and Fairchild Tropical Gardens, Dr. Jonathan Crane and the University of Florida Tropical Research and Education center Homestead, FL, Elizabeth Golden and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park, Leroy Rogers and South Florida Water Management, Marshall and Keith at Mack’s Fish Camp, Susan Casey and Casey’s Corner Nursery, and Michael and EWM Realtors Inc. for giving me access to collect larvae on their land and for their advice and assistance. Third, I thank Ryan Fessendon and Lary Reeves for helping to locate sites to collect larvae and for assisting me to collect larvae. I thank Dr. Marc Minno, Dr. Roxanne Connely, Dr. Charles Covell, Dr. Jaret Daniels for sharing their knowledge, advice, and ideas concerning this project. Fourth, I thank my committee, which included Drs. Thomas Emmel and James Nation, who provided guidance and encouragement throughout my project. Finally, I am grateful to the Chair of my committee and my major advisor, Dr. Andrei Sourakov, for his invaluable counsel, and for serving as a model of excellence of what it means to be a scientist.
  • The Cutworm Moths of Ontario and Quebec

    The Cutworm Moths of Ontario and Quebec

    The Cutworm Moths of Ontario and Quebec Eric W. Rockburne and J. Donald Lafontaine Biosystematics Research Institute Ottawa, Ontario Photographs by Thomas H. Stovell Research Branch Canada Department of Agriculture Publication 1593 1976 © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1976 Available by mail from Printing and Publishing Supply and Services Canada Ottawa, Canada K 1A 089 or through your bookseller. Catalogue No. A43-1593/1976 Price: Canada: $ 8.50 ISBN 0-660-00514-X Other countries: $10.20 Price subject to change without notice. 01 A05-6-38481 The Cutworm Moths of Ontario and Quebec INTRODUCTION The cutworm, or owlet, moths constitute a family belonging to the order Lepidoptera. This order consists of all the moths and butterflies. Cutworm moths are common throughout the world. In Canada and the United States over three thousand species are represented, from the Arctic tundra to the arid deserts of southwestern United States. Many species are found in eastern North America, but the family is best represented in the mountains and on the plateaus of western North America. CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE In zoology, classification is the systematic arrangement of animals into related groups and categories, and nomenclature is the system of names given to these groups. The cutworm moths are insects that belong in the class Insecta. Insecta is divided into several orders: Diptera, the true flies: Hymenoptera. the wasps, bees, and ants: Coleoptera. the beetles, and so on. The order Lepidoptera includes all the moths and butterflies. Each order is divided into a number of families, and the Noctuidae family, which includes all the cutworm moths, is a family of the Lepidoptera.
  • NDSU Extension Bulletin A1995

    NDSU Extension Bulletin A1995

    A1995 (December 2020) Sunflower Production Guide Edited and Compiled by Hans Kandel, Greg Endres and Ryan Buetow North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and North Dakota State University Extension (Sam Markell, NDSU) Foreword The first edition of “Sunflower Production and Marketing Extension Bulletin 25” was published in 1975. Revised editions followed in 1978, 1985, 1994 and 2007. This publication replaces the publication titled “Sunflower Production,” which was published in 2007. The purpose is to update information and provide a production and pest management guide for sunflower growers. This revised publication is directed primarily to the commercial production of sunflower, not to marketing and processing. It will attempt to give specific guidelines and recommendations on production practices and pest management based on current information. This publication also is directed primarily toward sunflower production in the northern part of the Great Plains of the U.S. However, much of the information is relevant to other production areas. All pesticides recommended have a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency label unless otherwise specified. This publication contains certain recommendations for pesticides that are labeled only for North Dakota. The users of any pesticide designated for a state label must have a copy of the state label in their possession at the time of application. State labels can be obtained from agricultural chemical dealers or distributors. Use pesticides only as labeled. Acknowledgments The editors are indebted to the contributors for writing sections of this publication. The editors also appreciate the efforts made by previous contributors because these previous sections often were the starting point for current sections.
  • Moths of an Aspen Parkland Area Near Nevis, Alberta

    Moths of an Aspen Parkland Area Near Nevis, Alberta

    1 MOTHS OF AN ASPEN PARKLAND AREA 3 KM SOUTH OF NEVIS, ALBERTA, 2001-2005, 2009 update Charles Durham Bird, 15 March 2010 Box 22, Erskine, AB, T0C 1G0 [email protected] The present paper incorporates a number of redeterminations and additions to the information in the reports of 2007, 2008 and 2009. THE AREA An area of rolling Aspen Parkland 3 km south of Nevis, Alberta, was studied repeatedly from 2001 to 2005. It was an acreage owned by Allen and Laura Hall. GPS readings for the area rounded off to 52.31 N and 113.05 W with an elevation of 890 m, though Google Earth readings were 52.186 N, 113.017 W and 812 m. Moths were collected with ultraviolet light traps on 42 different collection nights, details of which appear in the Appendix. The results of this research have not previously been reported. Voucher specimens are in the BIRD Collection. 2 Map showing the location of Nevis, Erskine, Stettler and Buffalo Lake in south-central Alberta. The present study area and the Buffalo Lake Moraine Conservation Area, which is on the east side of Buffalo Lake, are both examples of native Aspen Parkland. While the grass in the acreage proper is mowed, natural areas of shrub and bush remain. The traps were in all cases set up on the edge of the property so that they would be able to sample the moths in the adjoining, lightly grazed, native aspen parkland on land owned by the Church family. On the north, there is a south-facing hillside with native grasses and forbs, including a small stand of Opuntia fragilis.
  • (Name) (Degree) (Major) Date Thesis Is Presented

    (Name) (Degree) (Major) Date Thesis Is Presented

    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Anthony Noel McFarland for the M.S. in Entomology (Name) (Degree) ------~~~~~-------(Major) - Date thesis is presented May 10, 1963 ------~--~~-------- Title THE MACROHETEROCERA (LEPIDOPTERA) OF Abstract approved / A continuous twenty-month survey of the Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) occurring at a location in McDonald Forest, five miles northwest of Corvallis, Benton County, Oregon was conducted. Three hundred sixty species of moths were collected; they repre­ sented the following families: Sphingidae, Saturniidae, Amatidae, Nolidae, Lithosiidae, Arctiidae, Agaristidae, Noctuidae, Notodonti­ dae, Liparidae, Lasiocampidae, Thyatiridae, Drepanidae, Geomet­ ridae, and Epiplemidae. Information is given on the seasonal occur­ renee, relative abundance, flight habits, and known foodplants of the species collected. Biological and behavioral information is in- eluded for 82 of the species. Comparisons are made between the local fauna and that of the northeastern United States, British Columbia, and a specific locality in southern California. A new device for attracting and holding moths more effec­ tively within the vicinity of the light (a parabolic moth sheet), which does not involve the use of a trap, is described. THE MACROHETEROCERA (LEPIDOPTERA} OFA MIXED FOREST IN WESTERN OREGON by ANTHONY NOEL McFARLAND A THESIS submitted to OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE June 1963 APPROVED: In Charge of Major Chairman of Department of En Date thesis is presented May l 0, 1963 ----~--~----------- Typed by Jolene Wuest ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank the following persons, whose assistance has been of great value: Mr. William R. Bauer and Mr. Steve Buckett of Davis, California, for determination or verification of most of the moths other than Geometrid~e.