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Descriptions of the Larva and Pupa of Osmoderma Subplanata (Casey) and Cremastocheilus Wheeleri Leconte (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Author(S): Brett C

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Descriptions of the Larva and Pupa of Osmoderma Subplanata (Casey) and Cremastocheilus Wheeleri Leconte (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Author(S): Brett C Descriptions of the Larva and Pupa of Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) and Cremastocheilus wheeleri LeConte (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Author(s): Brett C. Ratcliffe Source: Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, Vol. 50, No. 3 (Jul., 1977), pp. 363- 370 Published by: Kansas (Central States) Entomological Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25082951 Accessed: 08-12-2016 17:50 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Kansas (Central States) Entomological Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Vol. 50, No. 3, July, 1977 363 Descriptions of the Larva and Pupa of Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) and Cremastocheilus wheeleri LeConte ( Cole?ptera : Scarabaeidae )* Brett C. Ratcliffe2 Abstract The 3rd instar larva and pupa of Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) (Trichiinae: Osmodermini) and Cremastocheilus wheeleri LeConte (Cetoniinae: Cremastocheil ini) are described for the first time based on Nebraska specimens. The larva and pupa of Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) (Trichiinae: Osmodermini) and Cremastocheilus wheeleri LeConte (Cetoniinae: Cremastocheilini) have not been previously described, although Ritcher (1945, 1966) described Osmoderma eremicola (Knoch), a close relative of O. subplanata. The egg of O. subplanata was described by Packard (1890) and Sweetman and Hatch (1927). The 3rd instar larva and pupa of each species are here described in the hopes of adding to our woefully incomplete characterizations of immature Scarabaeidae. Approximately 45 3rd instar larvae of O. subplanata were found in a decayed, standing ash tree in Lincoln, Nebraska, in July, 1975. Six larvae were preserved in July, and the remainder were placed in a laboratory rearing chamber with portions of the ash tree from which they came; a temperature of 27?C ? 2? was maintained, and varying levels of humidity were provided by evaporation from open, 1 liter containers of water placed in the chamber. Two pupae and 4 adults were recovered in February, 1976, which confirmed what species was being dealt with. As of June, 1976, 4 larva were still developing in the laboratory rearing chamber, and the rest had died. The description for O. subplanata was based on the above men tioned 2 pupae and 6 larvae as well as on the following: a single larva taken from beneath the bark of an unidentifed, dead, standing tree at Hickman, Lancaster Co., Nebraska (June, 1969); 2 larvae taken from a rotting maple tree in Washington Co., Nebraska (June, 1969) ; and 2 larvae taken from a rotting boxelder tree in Thurston Co., Ne braska (February, 1976). Specimens were deposited in the collection of the University of Nebraska State Museum, the U.S. National Museum, 1 Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 5204, Journal Series, Nebraska Agrie. Exp. Sta. and Contribution No. 412 of the Dept. of Entomology, Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln 68583. Received for publication July 20, 1976. 2 Curator of Insects, University of Nebraska State Museum, W-436 Nebraska Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, U.S.A. Current address: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Caixa Postal 478, 69.000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 364 Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society Figs. 1-6. Osmoderma subplanata. Fig. 1. Frontal view of head of 3rd stage larva. Fig. 2. Epipharynx of 3rd stage larva. Fig. 3. Dorsal aspect of left mandible of 3rd stage larva. Fig. 4. Dorsal aspect of right mandible of 3rd stage larva. This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Vol. 50, No. 3, July, 1977 365 and in my collection. The reader is referred to Hoffman (1939) and Ritcher (1945, 1966) for life history notes for O. eremicola which apply equally well to O. subplanata. Howden (1968) provided the most recent taxonomic treatment of the American species of the genus, and resurrected O. subplanata from synonymy with O. eremicola. Howden's paper should be consulted for a discussion on the mor phological and geographical separation of these 2 species. The description for Cremastocheilus wheeleri was based on 2 pupae and 3 larvae which were taken in conjunction with adults. They were collected from the nest of thatch building ants of the genus Formica at the University of Nebraska's Sandhills Agricultural Laboratory, McPherson Co., Nebraska (July, 1973). These specimens have been deposited in the University of Nebraska State Museum and in my col lection. Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) Third Instar Larva (Figs. 1-4) Maximum width of head capsule (Fig. 1) 6.90 mm; surface of head distinctly roughened; cranium testaceous; clypeus, labrum, and anterior angles of frons darker. Frontal suture sinuate. Frons on each side with 1-2 anterior frontal setae (if 2, then exterior small), 2-4 posterior frontal setae, 1 exterior frontal seta, and 1 anterior angle seta. Dorsoepicranial setae consist of 6-12 setae on each side, 2-5 large, remainder small; setae usually divided into 2 patches of 3-6 each. Labrum trilobed; clithra present. Epipharynx (Fig. 2) without plegmata; haptomeral region with a curved zygum and an irregular, transverse, curved row of short heli. Left mandible (Fig. 3) with 4 scissorial teeth; right mandible (Fig. 4) with 3 scissorial teeth. Maxilla with galea and lacinia fused forming a mala; lacinia with 2 terminal unci, unci fused at base, dorsal uncus larger; galea with single ter minal uncus. Last segment of antenna with 4 dorsal sensory spots. Ocelli present. A?antenna HE?heli AA?anterior angle seta L?labrum AFS?anterior frontal seta M?mandible CFS?clypeofrontal suture O?ocellus CLI?clithrum PC?preclypeus DES?dorsoepicranial setae PCL?precoilae DSS?dorsal sensory spots PFS?posterior frontal setae EFS?exterior frontal setae PSC?postclypeus ES?epicranial suture Si-S4?scissorial teeth F?frons SC?sense cone FS?frontal suture Z?zygum This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 366 Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society Figs. 5-8. Cremastocheilus wheeleri. Fig. 5. Dorsal aspect of pupa. Fig. 6. Ventral aspect of pupa. Fig. 7. Frontal view of head of 3rd stage larva. Fig. 8. Epipharynx of 3rd stage larva. This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Vol. 50, No. 3, July, 1977 367 Spiracles reniform. Thoracic spiracle with posterior emargination in respiratory plate; each abdominal spiracle with anterior emargina tion in respiratory plate. Thoracic spiracle 0.9-1.2 mm long and 0.6 0.8 mm wide. Abdominal spiracles 1-6 similar in size to thoracic spiracle, spiracles 7-8 slightly larger. Dorsum of abdominal segment 7 with 2 annulets, each with an anterior, transverse patch of short setae and a posterior row of short setae mixed with long, sparse setae. Dorsum of abdominal segment 8 with 2 transverse bands of sparse, short setae, each band with a posterior row of long, sparse setae; the 2 bands of setae partially confluent. Dorsa of abdominal segments 9 and 10 fused. Raster without pallidia. Teges with short, slightly curved, spine-like setae interspersed laterally and anteriorly with long, slender setae. Lower anal lip with an anterior, transverse, irregular patch of spine-like setae similar to those of teges; mesally with a transverse band of mixed, short and long, slender setae; posteriorly with short, slender, sparse setae. Claws on legs short, subconical, each bearing 2 apical setae. Osmoderma subplanata (Casey) Pupa (Figs. 5-6) Length 30.0-36.0 mm. Shape elongate-ovate, stout, exarate. Color cream-white to testaceous; color darkens to dark brown as eclosi?n approaches. Head glabrous, bent sharply beneath thorax, mouthparts directed posteriorly. Eyes, antennae, mandibles and palps clearly dis cernible; clypeus large, apex very broadly rounded. Pronotum glabrous, orbicular, widest at about middle; a narrow, median, longitudinal, light-colored line (dorsal vessel) extending from apex to point of scutellum. Scutellum large, triangular. Elytra closely appressed, curved ventrally around body, extending posteriorly to 3rd abdominal segment. Legs glabrous. Fore- and meso femora extend at approximately 65?-90? from longitudinal axis of body; metafemora sub-perpendicular to longitudinal axis of body. Tarsomeres and pretarsus distinct. Remarks.?The 3rd stage larva of O. eremicola and O. subplanata seem to be largely inseparable except by means of distributional data. Howden (1968) noted that the ranges of these 2 species appear to be allopatric, and this is at present the only way (though unre liable) of distinguishing these 2 species as larvae. The minimum and maximum numbers of posterior frontal setae, exterior frontal setae, anterior angle setae, and the dorsoepicranial setae vary between the 2 species, but these numbers are not consistently expressed nor are they without overlap. This content downloaded from 128.103.149.52 on Thu, 08 Dec 2016 17:50:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 368 Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society Figs.
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