DOCSLIB.ORG

Click Beetles and Pheromones Πan Overview

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Click Beetles and Pheromones Œ an Overview Click beetles and pheromones – an overview Miklós Tóth Plant Protection Institute, HAS, Budapest, Hungary Wireworms, the larvae of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are important soil-dwelling polyphagous pests all over the world. www.photoshelter.com www.naturamediterraneo.com Traditional forecast and monitoring involves labour-intensive soil sampling methods, Photo L. Furlan and to obtain wireworms from soil samples collected is time-consuming (several days or more). Photo L. Furlan Pheromone-baited traps are much easier and simpler to use. However, the pheromone composition should be identified first! Photo M. Tóth On the picture: the YF trap design specifically developed for pheromone trapping of click beetles (Furlan Inform. Fitopat. 10:49. (2004) Pheromone structures - first identifications The very first chemical structures elucidated from click beetles (female- produced pheromone) were organic acids O O OH OH valeric acid (pentanoic caproic acid (hexanoic acid) acid) Limonius californicus Limonius canus Jacobson Science 159:208 Butler Environ. Entomol. 4:229 (1968) (1975) Limonius californicus www.bugguide.net Pheromone structures - geranyl/farnesyl esters Starting from the eighties, a number of geranyl and farnesyl esters were identified mainly by scientists from the Soviet Union. Example structures: O O O O geranyl butyrate (E,E)-farnesyl acetate [(E)-3,7)-dimethyl-2,6- [(E)-3,7,11)-trimethyl-2,6,10- octadienyl butyrate] dodecatrienyl acetate] i.e. A. sputator i.e. A. ustulatus First report on similar structures from: Oleschenko, 1979, cited in Kamm, Coleopt. Bull. 37:16 (1983) Pheromone structures - geranyl/farnesyl esters Permutations and combinations of such compounds are present in the pheromones of several Agriotes spp. ger.hex. farn.acet. ger.oct. ger.i-val. farn.but. ger.but. IS ustulatus IS obscurus IS sordidus IS litigiosus IS lineatus brevis IS sputator 46 81012141618202224 min GC analysis of pheromone gland extracts of Agriotes spp. (after Tóth J. Chem. Ecol.. 28:1641 (2002) and Pest Manag. Sci. 59:1 (2003) Pheromone structures - geranyl/farnesyl esters Structures for many spp. were reported, however, a great part of these compounds showed no behavioral activity. I = compound identified but no behavioral activity shown I P = compound identified, P found attractive A A = synthetic compound attractive, but not known Total: 24 spp. whether present in female Data from <www.pherobase.com> and my own files Pheromone structures - geranyl/farnesyl esters One reason for this may be that most early identifications were accessory based on direct gland extracts, gland which may not necessarily represent composition emitted bursa into the air by the females. oviduct ovary (After Ivaschenko Zool. Zh. 59: 225 supposed (1980). pheromone glands / reservoirs Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 1) In A. sordidus, in gland extracts large amounts of (E,E)-farnesyl hexanoate were present,Agriotes with only sordidus traces in volatile collections. glands E,E-farnesyl ratio ger:farn =1:1 hexanoate geranyl hexanoate int. std. volatiles ratio ger:farn =1:<0.1 A. sordidus ? Photo J. Vuts 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 min Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 1) In field tests on A. sordidus, no influence of the addition of the farnesyl compoundAgriotes could sordidusbe observed. glands E,E-farnesyl ratio ger:farn =1:1 hexanoate geranyl Eraclea, Italy, 20 hexanoate 1998 int. std. Total caught in test: 10 535 beetles volatiles ratio a ger:farn =1:<0.1 a bbb average catch/trap/inspection 0 -- 3 30 30 30 geran. hex. ? 30 30 30 3 -- E,E-farn. hex. (mg) 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 min (after Tóth M, et al., unpublished) Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 1) Consequently, by definition, only geranyl hexanoate can be termed a pheromoneAgriotes component sordidus in this species. glands E,E-farnesyl ratio ger:farn =1:1 hexanoate geranyl Eraclea, Italy, 20 hexanoate 1998 int. std. Total caught in test: 10 535 beetles volatiles ratio a ger:farn =1:<0.1 a bbb average catch/trap/inspection 0 -- 3 30 30 30 geran. hex. ? 30 30 30 3 -- E,E-farn. hex. (mg) 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 min (after Tóth M, et al., unpublished) Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 2) Gland extracts of A. lineatus were dominated by a single very large peak of geranyl octanoate, geranyl butyrate was hardly detectable (ratio of octanoate:butyrate = 100:<0.01) geranyl octanoate retention region of int. std. geranyl butyrate 4681012 14 16 18 20 22 24 min Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 2) In volatile collections the butyrate was well visible (ratio of mV octanoate:butyrate = 100:10) 10 geranyl- octanoate 5 int. std. geranyl- butyrate 0 24681012 14 16 18 20 22 24 min (After Vuts J. et al., in preparation) Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 2) In the field the presence of the butyrate was absolutely necessary for attraction. Total caught in test: 279 beetles A.lineatus Geranyl hexanoate Geraniol Geranyl butanoate Neryl isovalerate Geranyl octanoate E,E-farnesyl acetate 10 - - - - - 0 30 - - - - - 2 100 - - - - - 0 10 1 - - - - 273 Rümlang, 10 - 1 - - - 2 May 23 - 10 - - 1 - - 1 August 14, 10 - - - 1 - 0 1997 10 - - - - 1 1 (After Tóth Pest Manag. Sci. 59:417 (2003) Gland extract vs. volatile collection (example No. 2) It appears that volatile collections reflect better the true pheromone composition of a given species than gland extracts do. Total caught in test: 279 beetles A.lineatus Geranyl hexanoate Geraniol Geranyl butanoate Neryl isovalerate Geranyl octanoate E,E-farnesyl acetate 10 - - - - - 0 30 - - - - - 2 100 - - - - - 0 10 1 - - - - 273 Rümlang, 10 - 1 - - - 2 May 23 - 10 - - 1 - - 1 August 14, 10 - - - 1 - 0 1997 10 - - - - 1 1 (After Tóth Pest Manag. Sci. 59:417 (2003) Geometrical isomers Another reason for inactivity of identified structures may be that in some cases geometrical purity of synthetic compounds is crucial - as commonly found also in moth pheromones. It is well known that Agriotes ustulatus responds only to synthetic (E,E)- O farnesyl acetate batches which have >95% (E,E) O geometric purity. Presence of higher (E,E)-farnesyl acetate percentages of the other isomers inhibits catches. Agriotes ustulatus www.elateridae.com (After Tóth et al., unpublished) Geometrical isomers A recent report described the first neryl ester (nerol is the geometrical isomer of geraniol) as a pheromone component in Agriotes acuminatus also suggesting the importance of geometrical isomerism in click beetles. “Good” isomer “Wrong” isomer O O O O neryl butyrate geranyl butyrate [(Z)-3,7)-dimethyl-2,6- [(E)-3,7)-dimethyl-2,6- octadienyl butyrate] octadienyl butyrate] After Tolasch J. Chem. Ecol. 36:314 (2010) Geometrical isomers The full pheromone composition in A. acuminatus contained also another ester with an unusual structure, which was necessary for field activity. “Good” isomer second component O O O O O O neryl butyrate (Z,E)-2,6-dimethyl- [(Z)-3,7)-dimethyl-2,6- 2,6-octadien-1,8-diyl octadienyl butyrate] dihexanoate] After Tolasch J. Chem. Ecol. 36:314 (2010) Other structures Some Melanotus spp. from the far east appear to use dodecenyl compounds (structurally similar to moth pheromones) O O O O dodecyl acetate (E)-9,11-dodecadienyl acetate Melanotus okinawensis Melanotus sakishimensis, M. tamsuyensis Tamaki Jpn KokaiTokyo Koho JP 61:12601 (1986) Iwanaga, Appl. Ent. Zool. 35:283 (2000) Yen, Syn. Comm. 28:4561 (1998) Other structures As new structure, a methyloctanolAmi ester kell) has been identified from the non- pest Ectinus aterrimus click beetle. O O 7-methyloctyl 9- methyldecanoate Ectinus aterrimus www.biolib.cz Tolasch Chemoecology 18:177 (2008) Other structures Four similar esters were recentlyAmi shown kell) out from E. ferrugineus, an endangered click beetle. O O O O O 7-methyloctyl 5- 7-methyloctyl O methylhexanoate octanoate 7-methyloctyl 7- methyloctanoate Elater ferrugineus O Tolasch J. Chem. Ecol. O 33:2156 (2007) 7-methyloctyl www.nhmus.hu (Z)-4-decenoate Other structures Kairomonal effect: www.hvlfoto.cz E. ferrugineus also is attracted to the pheromone of its prey, Osmoderma eremita (Scarabaeidae). Osmoderma eremita Elater ferrugineus O O (R)-gamma-decalactone www.nhmus.hu Svensson J. Chem. Ecol. 30:353 (2004) Pheromone information in click beetle genera At present we have some information on chemical structures in 34 spp. Information on the genus Agriotes predominates. Agriotes Athous Cidnopus Ectinus Elater Limonius Melanotus Synaptus Total: 33 spp. Data from <www.pherobase.com> and my own files Females responding to the pheromone Traditionally it was thought that in click beetles only males respond to the pheromone (as in the case of “classical” sex pheromones). 2.5 (total caught: 2 109 beetles) 1.5 1 Catches of male and female mean / trap (+SE) 0.5 A. sordidus in traps baited abcc with different doses of the 01030100 mg pheromone (Italy, Veneto, May 1 - 26, 2001, Furlan et abbcc 2 al., unpubl.) 4 6 8 10 mean / trap (+SE) 12 (total caught: 14 709 beetles) Females responding to the pheromone However, L. Furlan observed that in traps of A. sordidus baited with synthetic pheromone, sizeable catches of females (besides large catches of males) were recorded 2.5 (total caught: 2 109 beetles) 1.5 1 Catches of male and female mean / trap (+SE) 0.5 A. sordidus in traps baited abcc with different doses of the 01030100 mg pheromone (Italy, Veneto, May 1 - 26, 2001, Furlan et abbcc 2 al., unpubl.) 4 6 8 10 mean / trap (+SE) 12 (total caught: 14 709 beetles) Females responding to the pheromone Female catches also showed a dose response, suggesting that the pheromone showed true attraction in female A. sordidus. 2.5 (total caught: 2 109 beetles) 1.5 1 Catches of male and female mean / trap (+SE) 0.5 A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Described Taxa of Immature Cetoniidae
    Described taxa of immature Cetoniidae. This table is a part of the seminary thesis: Šípek, P. 2003. Nedospelá stadia zlatohlávku (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) - Literární prehled a metodika chovu /Immature stages of the rose chafers (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) - literary review and breeding methods./ pp. 83 Unpubl. Bsc. thesis Dept. Syst. Zool. Fac. Sci. Charles University, Praha - in Czech Publication Described as. pages (pp.) / figures V L L L P Number and the way of determination of described (figs.). 1 2 3 material. Taxon Distribution Subfamily Trichiinae Tribe Incaiini Archedinus relictus Morón et al., 1990 Neotr. Morón 1995. Archedinus relictus Morón et al., 1990 pp. 237 - 241, figs. 1 - + + 8 larvae, one cast skin of 3rd. instar larva, associated 13. with remains of adulf female. Inca bonplandi (Gyll., 1827) Neotr. Costa et al. 1988. Inca bonplandi (Gyll., 1827) pp. 127 - 128, pl. 43: + + 9 larvae of 3rd.instar a 2 pupae (det. ex evolutione). figs. 1 - 21, pl. 150: figs. 4 - 6. Inca clathrata sommeri Westwood, 1845 Neotr. Morón 1983. Inca clathrata sommeri Westwood, 1845 pp. 33 - 42, figs. 1 - + + 1 larva , 2 cast skins of 3rd.instar (det. ex evolutione), 11, 14 - 16. 1 larva a 2 cast skins of 3.instar , 2 pupae. Tribe Osmodermini Osmoderma LePelletier et Serville, 1825 Pal. Perris 1876. Osmoderma LePelletier et Serville, 1825 pp. 360, figs.146 - 148. + Unspecified. Hurka 1978. Osmoderma LePelletier et Serville, 1825 p. 109, fig. 13/16. + Unspecified. Osmoderma eremicola (Knoch, 1801) Nearct. Hayes 1929. Osmoderma eremicola (Knoch, 1801) pp.154 - 155, 161, figs. + Partly determined ex ovipositione, parly collected in 62. fied and associated according to ecological Böving & Craighead 1930.
    [Show full text]
  • Quick Guide for the Identification Of
    Quick Guide for the Identification of Maryland Scarabaeoidea Mallory Hagadorn Dr. Dana L. Price Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University This document is a pictorial reference of Maryland Scarabaeoidea genera (and sometimes species) that was created to expedite the identification of Maryland Scarabs. Our current understanding of Maryland Scarabs comes from “An Annotated Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Maryland” (Staines 1984). Staines reported 266 species and subspecies using literature and review of several Maryland Museums. Dr. Price and her research students are currently conducting a bioinventory of Maryland Scarabs that will be used to create a “Taxonomic Guide to the Scarabaeoidea of Maryland”. This will include dichotomous keys to family and species based on historical reports and collections from all 23 counties in Maryland. This document should be cited as: Hagadorn, M.A. and D.L. Price. 2012. Quick Guide for the Identification of Maryland Scarabaeoidea. Salisbury University. Pp. 54. Questions regarding this document should be sent to: Dr. Dana L. Price - [email protected] **All pictures within are linked to their copyright holder. Table of Contents Families of Scarabaeoidea of Maryland……………………………………... 6 Geotrupidae……………………………………………………………………. 7 Subfamily Bolboceratinae……………………………………………… 7 Genus Bolbocerosoma………………………………………… 7 Genus Eucanthus………………………………………………. 7 Subfamily Geotrupinae………………………………………………… 8 Genus Geotrupes………………………………………………. 8 Genus Odonteus...……………………………………………… 9 Glaphyridae..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • © 2016 David Paul Moskowitz ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
    © 2016 David Paul Moskowitz ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE LIFE HISTORY, BEHAVIOR AND CONSERVATION OF THE TIGER SPIKETAIL DRAGONFLY (CORDULEGASTER ERRONEA HAGEN) IN NEW JERSEY By DAVID P. MOSKOWITZ A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Entomology Written under the direction of Dr. Michael L. May And approved by _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey January, 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION THE LIFE HISTORY, BEHAVIOR AND CONSERVATION OF THE TIGER SPIKETAIL DRAGONFLY (CORDULEGASTER ERRONEA HAGEN) IN NEW JERSEY by DAVID PAUL MOSKOWITZ Dissertation Director: Dr. Michael L. May This dissertation explores the life history and behavior of the Tiger Spiketail dragonfly (Cordulegaster erronea Hagen) and provides recommendations for the conservation of the species. Like most species in the genus Cordulegaster and the family Cordulegastridae, the Tiger Spiketail is geographically restricted, patchily distributed with its range, and a habitat specialist in habitats susceptible to disturbance. Most Cordulegastridae species are also of conservation concern and the Tiger Spiketail is no exception. However, many aspects of the life history of the Tiger Spiketail and many other Cordulegastridae are poorly understood, complicating conservation strategies. In this dissertation, I report the results of my research on the Tiger Spiketail in New Jersey. The research to investigate life history and behavior included: larval and exuvial sampling; radio- telemetry studies; marking-resighting studies; habitat analyses; observations of ovipositing females and patrolling males, and the presentation of models and insects to patrolling males.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): Larval Descriptions, Biological Notes and Phylogenetic Placement
    Eur. J. Entomol. 106: 95–106, 2009 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1431 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Afromontane Coelocorynus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): Larval descriptions, biological notes and phylogenetic placement PETR ŠÍPEK1, BRUCE D. GILL2 and VASILY V. GREBENNIKOV 2 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viniþná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 2Entomology Research Laboratory, Ottawa Plant and Seed Laboratories, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K.W. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Key words. Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Cetoniinae, Valgini, Trichiini, Cryptodontina, Coelocorynus, larvae, morphology, phylogeny, Africa, Cameroon, Mt. Oku Abstract. This paper reports the collecting of adult beetles and third-instar larvae of Coelocorynus desfontainei Antoine, 1999 in Cameroon and provides new data on the biology of this high-altitude Afromontane genus. It also presents the first diagnosis of this genus based on larval characters and examination of its systematic position in a phylogenetic context using 78 parsimony informa- tive larval and adult characters. Based on the results of our analysis we (1) support the hypothesis that the tribe Trichiini is paraphy- letic with respect to both Valgini and the rest of the Cetoniinae, and (2) propose that the Trichiini subtribe Cryptodontina, represented by Coelocorynus, is a sister group of the Valgini: Valgina, represented by Valgus. The larvae-only analyses were about twofold better than the adults-only analyses in providing a phylogenetic resolution consistent with the larvae + adults analyses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Identity of the Finnish Osmoderma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) Population Established by COI Sequencing
    © Entomologica Fennica. 8 October 2013 The identity of the Finnish Osmoderma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) population established by COI sequencing Matti Landvik, Niklas Wahlberg & Tomas Roslin Landvik, M., Wahlberg, N. & Roslin, T. 2013: The identity of the Finnish Osmo- derma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) population established by COI se- quencing. — Entomol. Fennica 24: 147–155. The hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is a flagship species for invertebrate conservation efforts by the European Union. This taxon has recently been revealed as a species complex likely encompassing five cryptic species. The northernmost population of Osmoderma is found on the island of Ruissalo in Turku, Finland. This population has been protected as species O. eremita, but its true species affinity has never been established. To resolve its identity, we sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene from seven specimens samp- led in Ruissalo. Based on a phylogenetic hypothesis generated from the se- quences combined with previously published data, the Finnish hermit beetle was identified as Osmoderma barnabita. Information regarding the ecology and life cycle of O. eremita should then not uncritically be assumed to apply to the Finn- ish population. Rather, the Finnish population should be treated as a separate en- tity in conservation and management of European Osmoderma. M. Landvik, Department of Biology, Section of Biodiversity and Environmental Science, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; E-mail: matti.landvik @edusaimaa.fi N. Wahlberg, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Tur- ku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland T. Roslin, Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Agricultural Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland Received 18 January 2013, accepted 7 March 2013 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)
    Zootaxa 3003: 63–68 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Description of a second species in the enigmatic Southeast Asian genus Platygeniops (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) STANISLAV JÁKL1 & JAN KRIKKEN2 1Cisovice 54, 25204 Praha-Západ, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected] 2National Museum of Natural History Naturalis, PO Box 9517, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A second species of Platygeniops Krikken, 1978 (Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Trichiini: Osmodermatina) is described from the Myanmar-Thai-Malay isthmus and peninsula. The description of Platygeniops elongatus new species is based on two males and a female. The new species is compared with P. exspectans Krikken, 1978 from the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. The genus is re-diagnosed and its enigmatic status is briefly discussed. Key words: Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Trichiini, Platygeniops, new species, Southeast Asia Introduction Right from its creation, the monotypic Southeast Asian genus Platygeniops Krikken, 1978 has been considered an odd element in the Trichiini. At the time, for the lack of alternatives, it seemed most similar to the well known, Holarctic, saproxylic hermit beetle genus Osmoderma LePeletier & Serville, 1828. As a consequence, Platygeni- ops was classified and remains in the Osmodermatina—irrespective of subsequent assertions on group ranking, hierarchy, and composition (Krikken 1984, 2009). In spite of recent studies, including synoptic work such as Scholtz & Grebennikov (2005) and Hunt et al. (2007), the position of Platygeniops in the classification system has remained fuzzy—one reason being that rare oddities like this are not usually taken into account.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of the North American Beetle Genus Trichiotinus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Trichiinae)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche Volume 2016, Article ID 1584962, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1584962 Research Article Phylogenetic Analysis of the North American Beetle Genus Trichiotinus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Trichiinae) T. Keith Philips,1 Mark Callahan,1 Jesús Orozco,2 and Naomi Rowland1 1 Systematics and Evolution Laboratory and Biotechnology Center, Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, Bowling Green, KY 42101-3576, USA 2ZamoranoUniversity,P.O.Box93,Tegucigalpa,Honduras Correspondence should be addressed to T. Keith Philips; [email protected] Received 29 April 2016; Accepted 28 June 2016 Academic Editor: Jan Klimaszewski Copyright © 2016 T. Keith Philips et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A hypothesized evolutionary history of the North American endemic trichiine scarab genus Trichiotinus is presented including all eight species and three outgroup taxa. Data from nineteen morphological traits and CO1 and 28S gene sequences were used to construct phylogenies using both parsimony and Bayesian algorithms. All results show that Trichiotinus is monophyletic. The best supported topology shows that the basal species T. lunulatus is sister to the remaining taxa that form two clades, with four and three species each. The distribution of one lineage is relatively northern while the other is generally more southern. The ancestral Trichiotinus lineage arose from 23.8–14.9 mya, and east-west geographic partitioning of ancestral populations likely resulted in cladogenesis and new species creation, beginning as early as 10.6–6.2 mya and as recently as 1.2–0.7 mya.
    [Show full text]
  • Matti Landvik
    ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS AII 341 Matti Landvik ISOLATED IN THE LAST REFUGIUM – The Identity, Ecology and Conservation of the Northernmost Occurrence of the Hermit Beetle Matti Landvik Painosalama Oy, Turku , Finland 2018 Turku Painosalama Oy, ISBN 978-951-29-7207-4 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-7208-1 (PDF) TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA – ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS ISSN 0082-6979 (PRINT) | ISSN 2343-3183 (ONLINE) Sarja - ser. AII osa - tom. 341 | Biologica - Geographica - Geologica | Turku 2018 ISOLATED IN THE LAST REFUGIUM – The Identity, Ecology and Conservation of the Northernmost Occurrence of the Hermit Beetle Matti Landvik TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA – ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS Sarja - ser. A II osa - tom. 341 | Biologica - Geographica - Geologica | Turku 2018 University of Turku Faculty of Science and Engineering Biodiversity Unit Supervised by Professor Emeritus Pekka Niemelä Professor Tomas Roslin Biodiversity Unit Department of Ecology University of Turku Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Turku, Finland Uppsala, Sweden Department of Agricultural Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewed by Professor Paolo Audisio Associate Professor Andrzej Oleksa Department of Biology and Biotechnology Institute of Experimental Biology “C. Darwin” – Sapienza Rome University Kazimierz Wielki University Rome, Italy Bydgoszcz, Poland Opponent Professor Thomas Ranius Department of Ecology, Conservation Biology Unit Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala, Sweden Cover image © Matti Landvik The originality of this thesis has been checked in accordance with the University of Turku quality assurance system using the Turnitin OriginalityCheck service. ISBN 978-951-29-7207-4 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-7208-1 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6979 (PRINT) ISSN 2343-3183 (ONLINE) Painosalama Oy - Turku, Finland 2018 “The four stages of acceptance: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Volume
    th German Zoological Society 105 Annual Meeting Abstract Volume September 21 – 24, 2012 University of Konstanz, Germany Sponsored by: Dear Friends of the Zoological Sciences! Welcome to Konstanz, to the 105 th annual meeting of the German Zoological Society (Deutsche ZoologischeGesellschaft, DZG) – it is a great pleasure and an honor to have you here as our guests! We are delighted to have presentations of the best and most recent research in Zoology from Germany. The emphasis this year is on evolutionary biology and neurobiology, reflecting the research foci the host laboratories from the University of Konstanz, but, as every year, all Fachgruppen of our society are represented – and this promisesto be a lively, diverse and interesting conference. You will recognize the standard schedule of our yearly DZG meetings: invited talks by the Fachgruppen, oral presentations organized by the Fachgruppen, keynote speakers for all to be inspired by, and plenty of time and space to meet and discuss in front of posters. This year we were able to attract a particularly large number of keynote speakers from all over the world. Furthermore, we have added something new to the DZG meeting: timely symposia about genomics, olfaction, and about Daphnia as a model in ecology and evolution. In addition, a symposium entirely organized by the PhD-Students of our International Max Planck Research School “Organismal Biology” complements the program. We hope that you will have a chance to take advantage of the touristic offerings of beautiful Konstanz and the Bodensee. The lake is clean and in most places it is easily accessed for a swim, so don’t forget to bring your swim suits.A record turnout of almost 600 participants who have registered for this year’s DZG meeting is a testament to the attractiveness of Konstanz for both scientific and touristic reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • Case 3349 Gnorimus Le Peletier De Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828 and Osmoderma Le Peletier De Saint-Fargeau & Serville
    Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(3) September 2006 177 Case 3349 Gnorimus Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828 and Osmoderma Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828 (Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation of the generic names Frank-Thorsten Krell Natural History Museum, Department of Entomology, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K. (e-mail: [email protected]) Alberto Ballerio c/o Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali ‘‘E. Caffi’’, Piazza Cittadella 10, I-24129 Bergamo, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]) Andrew B.T. Smith Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada (e-mail: [email protected]) Paolo Audisio Università degli Studi di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo (sezione Zoologia), Viale dell’Università 32, I -00185 Roma, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9.3 of the Code, is to conserve the names Gnorimus Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828, and Osmoderma Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Serville, 1828, for dead-wood and pollen-feeding scarab beetles (SCARABAEIDAE) from the Palaearctic and North America. The names are threatened by two senior synonyms, the long forgotten but recently used names Aleurostictus Kirby, 1827 and Gymnodus Kirby, 1827, respectively. The suppression of the two senior synonyms is proposed. Keywords. Nomenclature; taxonomy; Coleoptera; SCARABAEIDAE; Gnorimus; Osmo- derma; Aleurostictus; Gymnodus; Acari; ASCIDAE; scarab beetles; mites; Palaearctic; North America. 1. Kirby (1827) introduced seven genus-group names as subgenera of Trichius Fabricius, 1775 (SCARABAEIDAE, TRICHIINAE): Aleurostictus, Archimedius, Euclidius, Gymnodus, Legitimus, Tetrophthalmus and Trichinus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Physiology of Movement Steven Goossens1* , Nicky Wybouw2, Thomas Van Leeuwen2 and Dries Bonte1
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Goossens et al. Movement Ecology (2020) 8:5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-020-0192-2 REVIEW Open Access The physiology of movement Steven Goossens1* , Nicky Wybouw2, Thomas Van Leeuwen2 and Dries Bonte1 Abstract Movement, from foraging to migration, is known to be under the influence of the environment. The translation of environmental cues to individual movement decision making is determined by an individual’s internal state and anticipated to balance costs and benefits. General body condition, metabolic and hormonal physiology mechanistically underpin this internal state. These physiological determinants are tightly, and often genetically linked with each other and hence central to a mechanistic understanding of movement. We here synthesise the available evidence of the physiological drivers and signatures of movement and review (1) how physiological state as measured in its most coarse way by body condition correlates with movement decisions during foraging, migration and dispersal, (2) how hormonal changes underlie changes in these movement strategies and (3) how these can be linked to molecular pathways. We reveale that a high body condition facilitates the efficiency of routine foraging, dispersal and migration. Dispersal decision making is, however, in some cases stimulated by a decreased individual condition. Many of the biotic and abiotic stressors that induce movement initiate a physiological cascade in vertebrates through the production of stress hormones. Movement is therefore associated with hormone levels in vertebrates but also insects, often in interaction with factors related to body or social condition.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Native and Naturalized Fauna of Virginia
    Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources List of Native and Naturalized Fauna of Virginia August, 2020 (* denotes naturalized species; ** denotes species native to some areas of Virginia and naturalized in other areas of Virginia) Common Name Scientific Name FISHES: Freshwater Fishes: Alabama Bass * Micropterus henshalli * Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus American Brook Lamprey Lampetra appendix American Eel Anguilla rostrata American Shad Alosa sapidissima Appalachia Darter Percina gymnocephala Ashy Darter Etheostoma cinereum Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrhynchus Banded Darter Etheostoma zonale Banded Drum Larimus fasciatus Banded Killifish Fundulus diaphanus Banded Sculpin Cottus carolinae Banded Sunfish Ennaecanthus obesus Bigeye Chub Hybopsis amblops Bigeye Jumprock Moxostoma ariommum Bigmouth Chub Nocomis platyrhynchus Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas Black Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus Blacktip Jumprock Moxostoma cervinum Black Redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei Black Sculpin Cottus baileyi Blackbanded Sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon Blacknose Dace Rhinichthys atratulus Blackside Dace Chrosomus cumberlandensis Blackside Darter Percina maculata Blotched Chub Erimystax insignis Blotchside Logperch Percina burtoni Blue Catfish * Ictalurus furcatus * Blue Ridge Sculpin Cottus caeruleomentum Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis Bluebreast Darter Etheostoma camurum Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus Bluehead Chub Nocomis leptocephalus Blueside Darter Etheostoma jessiae Bluespar Darter Etheostoma meadiae Bluespotted Sunfish Enneacanthus gloriosus Bluestone
    [Show full text]