The Middle School Student's Guide To
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TWEEN PUBLISHING’S The Middle School Student’s Guide to Study Skills Student Workbook by Susan Mulcaire COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL PRODUCT PREVIEW This book belongs to: _______________________________________ COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL PRODUCT © 2012 Susan Mulcaire All rights reserved. The content of this book is protected by intellectual property laws. Tween Publishing grants permissionPREVIEW to noncommercial users to provide instruction based on the content of this book. No part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, for any commercial or noncommercial use whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher. For information regarding permission, write to Tween Publishing LLC, P.O. Box 8677, Newport Beach, CA 92625-8677, or contact Tween by email at [email protected]. Tween Publishing acknowledges Zapp Illustrations: pages 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 15, 16, 23, 26, 32, 33, 44, 45, 48, 53, 66, 67, 78, 79, 88, 89, 98, 99, 110, 111, 124, 125, 135, 144, 145, 151, 156, 157, 166, 167, 176, 177, 186, 187, 198, 199, 210, 211, 225, 238, 239, 250, 251, 264, 265, 276, 277, 288, 289, 295, 302, 303, 314, 315. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-9785210-6-6 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO Chapter 1: What are Study Skills? ............................. 2 STUDY SKILLS & Chapter 2: Metacognition: The Self-Aware Student .............. 10 THE PROCESS OF Chapter 3: A Bit About Brainy ................................ 22 LEARNING Chapter 4: Mental Throwdown: Effort vs. Intelligence. 33 LEARNING STYLES Chapter 5: What’s in Style? ................................... 44 & MULTIPLE Chapter 6: Learning Resources & Multimodal Learning .......... 52 INTELLIGENCES Chapter 7: There’s More Than One Way to Be Smart! ............. 66 PRE-LEARNING Chapter 8: That’s My Routine and I’m Stick’n to It! .............. 78 STRATEGIES Chapter 9: The Organized Workspace ......................... 88 Chapter 10: Syllabusted! ...................................... 98 Chapter 11: Gettin’ Your Schema On! .......................... 110 ACTION HEROES: Chapter 12: Active Learning in a Passive Learning World ........ 124 LEARNING, Chapter 13: Battle Plan SQ3R ................................. 134 READING, PRODUCTLISTENING Chapter 14: Hey, are You Listening? ............................ 144 NOTE-TAKING AND Chapter 15: Navigating Notes ................................. 156 OUTLINING SKILLS Chapter 16: Cornies & Indies & Hybrids, Oh My! ................ 166 Chapter 17: The Hidden Benefits of Outlining Your Textbook ..... 176 MEMORY AND Chapter 18: M.N.E.M.O.N.I.C.S. .............................. 186 RECALL STRATEGIESPREVIEWChapter 19: Meet the Anti-Cram: Time-Spaced Learning ......... 198 TEST-TAKING TIPS Chapter 20: Short Answer & Essay Test Tips .................... 210 & STRATEGIES Chapter 21: So Many Choices, So Little Time… ................. 224 Chapter 22: How to Trick Out Your Oral Presentation ........... 238 Chapter 23: Taming Test Anxiety .............................. 250 WRAPPING UP Chapter 24: So Close, Yet so Far… Distance Learning ............ 264 FOR COLLEGE Chapter 25: Ouch My Brain Hurts! Critical Thinking Skills ....... 276 READINESS Chapter 26: Ramp Up Your Research Skills ..................... 288 Chapter 27: Good Citizens! Perfect Participants! ................ 302 Chapter 28: The Benefits of Failure ............................ 315 Sources ................................................................................ 330 THE MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT’S GUIDE TO STUDY SKILLS 1 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL CHAPTER 1 WHAT ARE STUDY SKILLS? Have you ever thought about what it takes to be a winning athlete? Is talent enough? Physical ability? Stamina? What about the mentality and attitude of a winning athlete? How much do those things PRODUCTplay a part in success? Athletic success doesn’t happen by luck. Winning athletes practice techniques and skills over and over. They focus on perfecting their skills. They set goals. They identify and correct their mistakes. They are dedicated and ambitious. Hard work and focused practice make an athlete faster, more PREVIEWefficient, and more effective at their sport. Being a successful student also takes practice, skills, and techniques. These are called study skills. Good study skills make you a faster, more efficient, Chapter 1 Learning Goals: and more effective student. state a simple definition of The term “study” skills is a bit misleading because lea rni n g. it implies that these skills are just for studying — recognize the broad like reviewing for a test or quiz. Study skills are not application of study skills to limited to reviewing for tests and quizzes. Study all aspects of learning. skills apply to all aspects of learning. How you learn describe the benefits of is just as important as what you learn! good study skills. 2 THE MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT’S GUIDE TO STUDY SKILLS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL B PRODUCT PREVIEWBINGO, B WHAT ARE STUDY SKILLS? | CHAPTER 1 3 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Study skills apply whether you are studying for a quiz or test, in class listening to your teacher, participating in a lab or other learning activity, taking a test, reading a textbook or doing homework. Study skills are practices, strategies and techniques for all aspects of learning. What is learning? 1. Learning is the acquisition of knowledge. What is learning? As a student, you spend much of your day trying to do it, but have you ever given any thought to what learning is and how it happens? Learning is a complex Learning = concept. There’s a large body of psychology devoted to the acquisition of learning and how it happens. There are many ways people knowledge learn. Some learning is automatic. For example, when you + were a small child you may have learned not to touch a retention of knowledge hot stove by touching it once. (Ouch!) That’s learning by + conditioning. Other learning, like memorizing the names ability to demonstrate of the presidents, or how to find the area of a prism is not knowledge automatic. It takes time and often a great deal of effort. The end result of PRODUCTlearning is the acquisition of knowledge. Good study skills improve your ability to acquire knowledge. 2. Learning is the retention of knowledge. Have you ever spent hours studying, were sure you knew the material, but couldn’t remember it when you needed to? Did you not learn it as well as you thought? Why did the knowledge slip away? Lots of thingsPREVIEW we learn are not meant to be remembered for a long time, so our brains quickly let go of the information. Other information, like the kind you learn in school, is meant to be remembered for a long time. If you forget information too soon after you learned it, you did not learn it successfully. Good study skills include practices and strategies for retaining information for a longer period of time. Good study skills improve your ability to retain knowledge. 3. Learning is the ability to demonstrate knowledge. Learning is measurable, and an important part of learning is being able to successfully demonstrate what you’ve learned so it can be accurately measured (graded) by your teacher. As a student, you are always being asked to demonstrate your knowledge. Tests and quizzes, class participation, reports, essays, verbal reports, group presentations—even just answering your teacher’s questions in class are all ways that your knowledge is demonstrated. You must be able 4 THE MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENT’S GUIDE TO STUDY SKILLS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL to demonstrate knowledge in a variety of testing formats: essay and short answer, multiple choice, true or false, fill-in-the-blanks, oral response, etc. Good study skills improve your ability to successfully demonstrate knowledge. What study skills will you learn in this book? In this book you will explore study skills for all aspects of learning—not just to study for a test or quiz. The goal is to improve your ability to acquire, retain, and demonstrate knowledge, so you can be a more successful student. Besides, you won’t be a middle school student for much longer. The skills you’ll learn in this book will create a solid foundation for the skills you’ll need for success in high school and college. Let’s start learning study skills! You will begin your journey to good study skills by learning about the process of learning in chapters 1-4. It helps to know a little about the process of learning, thinking, and how your brain works in order to be able to reflect on and improve your own thinking and learning. In chapters 5-7 you’ll expand your awareness of learning styles, multi-sensory resources, and strategies for developing yourPRODUCT own unique abilities and compensating for your weaknesses. In chapters 8-11 you’ll examine the benefits of establishing and sticking to a pre-learning routine. In chapters 12-14 you’ll explore what it means to be an active learner. In chapters 15-17 you’ll learn how (and why) to take notes and outline your textbook chapters. In chapters 18-23 you will explore practices and strategies that enable you to recall a lot more of what you learn, and tips for success on all kinds of tests and assessments. Finally, because you will be heading off to college in just a few short years,PREVIEW you will explore important skills for college readiness in chapters 24-28. Do your best to complete the worksheets and activities in this book. Your teacher has the answer key in the Instructor’s Guide. If you are an independent learner, reading this book to learn study skills on your own, you can check your answers at http://www.middleschoolguide.com/products/ tips-links-and-forms/ WHAT ARE STUDY SKILLS? | CHAPTER 1 5 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL U.B. SMART STUDENTS STUDY HOW TO STUDY by Jason Big news from Rm. 400. Mr. or discuss study skills and high school and Skillsworth’s study skills class is college readiness topics. All students must underway. Students are learning _______________________________ in the discus- that good study skills take time, sions, debates and blogs.