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Zur Chronologie Der Englisschen Balladen ZUR CHRONOLOGIE DER ENGLISSCHEN BALLADEN. Mit dem erscheinen ekles zehnten teiles der English and Scottish Popular Ballads lhat das grosse lebenswerk von pro- fessor Francis J. Child seeinen abschluss gefunden und kann nun die Wissenschaft der eBnglischen philologie in Amerika mit stolz die Vollendung ihresr bisherigen grössten leistung ver- zeichnen. Der zehnte teil von Child's werk bringt keine neuen balladen,* sondern als schllussteil wertvolle nachtrage, Indices, 1 Child sagte bereits im ^Advertisement to Part IX: "This ninth part completes the Collection of Enaglish and Scottish ballads to the extent of my knowledge of sources" — rmit ausnahme einer einzigen ballade ' Yowng Betrice', vgl. Kittredge 10, **TTY Der titel des Werkes scbhliesst (zum glück) unzählige 'Broadsides' aus, und selbst solche balladena wie "The Lady Isabella's Tragedy" (Percy Eel. 3, Book 2, No. 14), welchhe Child treffend nennt "perhaps absolutely the silliest ballad that was ewer made", wird man gern vermissen, aber andere nicht (wieder) abgedruckte möchte man doch gern sehen, wenngleich diese neugier bestraft werden würde, z. b. The Dainty Dowriby aus Herd's Mss (Child Einleitung zu 290; ' 9, 153); The Dragoon and Bessy (Maidment Sc. Ballads 1859 "from a Glasggow copy of 1800"; erwähnt in der einleitung zu 299; 9, 172). Warum mag wohl die .Nutbrown Maid ausgeschlossen sein? Die gründe, warum solche bänkelsäängerware wie The Tournament of Tottenham, der Mylner of Abyngton (die i masse von 'Mery Jests* und 'Mery baladesM), Whenas King Edgar did goveern this land etc. und ein ganzes heer von Elisabethanischen und spätereen broadsides ausgeschlossen wurde, kann man leicht verstehen: sie sind kunnstprodukte, wenngleich sie für das volk und den volksgeschmack geschriebben wurden (und in dieser hinsieht für die geschiente des volksgeschmacfckes von bedeutung sind). Ebenso blieb man- ches fort, was mehr 'song' aals 'ballad' ist. Das deutsche wort Volks- lied ist ja viel umfassender als das englische wort "Popular Ballad", in dem sinne, den das wort seit t Addison mehr und mehr erhalten hat. Brought to you by | University of Arizona Authenticated Download Date | 6/2/15 1:00 AM EWALD FLÜGEL, ZUR CHBONOLOOGEB D. ENGL. BALLADEN. 313 ein ausgezeichnetes glossar und bbibliographien. Endlich hat auch professor Kittredge seinen trcefflichen nachruf auf Child aus dem Atlantic Monthly (Dec. 1896) in teilweise umge- arbeiteter form beigefügt, und daamit dem einstweiligen be- dürfnisse nach nachrichten von Chilild in schöner form und mit einer gewissen würdigen knappheitit genügt. Freilich ist die gestalt professor Child's derart, seein eingreifen nicht blos in die philologischen, sondern in due litterarischen geschicke Amerikas so bedeutsam, dass über ] kurz oder lang ein volleres lebensbild nötig sein wird. Einzeelne briefe und bezüge in den korrespondenzen von Arthur .Hugh Clough,1 Lowell, in Furnivall's vorreden usw. zeigeen bereits, wie wertvoll und interessant ein 'leben' dieses grosseen gelehrten sein wird. Was man im zehnten teile dder Ballads natürlich am meisten vermisst, ist die noch 11894 versprochene 'general preface', welche die geschichte deer englischen bailade von Chüd's meisterhandgebracht heben wvürde, eine abschliessende Beschichte', welche Child's unvergleichliche kenntnisse, sein feines Verständnis und gemüt und ssein kräftiger, klarer, aber überall mit feinem humor gewürzteter stil zu einem unüber- trefflichen werke gestempelt habeen würde. Das neidische geschick hatte es anders bestimmte und nun muss man sich mit Chüd's aufsatz über das volkslieed in Johnson's Cycloplaedia zufrieden geben und mit dem mateBrial, welches Child in den einleitungen niedergelegt hat.2 Wenn für das fehlen dieser geschichtlichen einleitung niemand zu tadeln ist, so steht es annders mit dem fehlen eines chronologischen indexes, welchher die raschere geschicht- liche Orientierung über den gewaltiggen Stoff erleichtern würde. Ich selbst hatte seit jähren mir t einen solchen 'handindex' angefertigt, den ich für Vorlesungen über das englische Volks- lied unentbehrlich fand, und hatte1, gehofft, diesen knappen index durch einen volleren und abssolut zuverlässigen ersetzt zu sehen. Da dies nicht geschehen uund da ich nicht bezweifele dass ausser mir auch anderen ein decrartiger f ührer, wenigstens 1 Vgl. Prose Kemains of A. H. Cloughh ed. by his Wife London 1888; pp. 221. 229. 232. 234. 236. 240. 247. * In knapper form ist Brandl's Geschidchte der englischen Volkspoesie (Paul's Grundriss 2, l, 837—60) eine musterlrleistung, und der beste führer. Brought to you by | University of Arizona Authenticated Download Date | 6/2/15 1:00 AM 314 EWMLD FLÜ0EL, durch die älteren balladen^ nützlich sein wird, habe ich mich entschlossen, meinen index liier folgen zu lassen, der zu gleicher zeit ein kleines scherflein < des dankes sei einem werke gegen- über, auf dessen solider bbasis eine ganze fülle von arbeiten gethan werden kann, einenn werke gegenüber, aus dem jeder einzelne zweig der engliscihen philologie nutzen ziehen wird: die historische grammatik,, die metrik, das Studium der eng- lischen altertümer und — )last not least — die geschichte der englischen Volksseele, des ^volksgeinüts, welches hier in einem reinen Spiegel wieder stralMt. Nach diesen bemerkuingen werden die folgenden anmer- kungen zum zehnten teile nicht missverstanden werden. 1. Der Index of Maitters and Literature ist sehr will- kommen, sollte aber bei zweitem voller sein — vollständig konnte er ja nur sein, wemn er das ganze werk reproduzierte. Ich notiere hier nur einigte auslassungen, die mir nach kurzer benutzung aufgefallen sindd: Unter der höchst weertvollen rubrik Common places, re- current passages sollten dooch wohl solche, wenn auch nur zwei oder drei mal wiederholte i Wendungen mit aufgeführt sein, wie "They swapped together ^whyl they swet", "It was the more pite", "Then on the morn they made hem biers || Of birch and haysel gray", "Till the bkood out of the basnets sprent as ever did hail [roke] or rayne"? Unter 'Disguises' fehlen die könige, unter Edward solche phraase wie "Edward our comely kinge", unter "Kings" fehlt ein werweis auf die könige "in disguise", unter den Epithets: free,, hende, gentle u. a., England fehlt ganz und gar, ist auch i nicht unter 'Merry' (während im glossar Merry Cockland seeine stelle findet). Des narren 'feather* fehlt, Monday und Wednesday als balladenlieblingstage fehlten, und Weekdays, oder Days haben ebenfalls keine rubrik, ebensowenig Colours, Eed (White und Brown haben einige zitaate). Unter den favorite munibers fehlen three, fourty und viel- leicht (?) noch andere. Airtikel wie Oath, Outlaws sollten viel voller sein. Proverbs haiben keine rubrik, und St. Quyntyn, St. Richard (Rob. Hood sta. 91; es ist St. Richer in Gamelyn 175) finden keine stelle, wederr unter den Saints, noch unter Q und R; auch St. Charity könimte erwähnt werden (doch wohl eine parallelheilige zum St. Luoy in Chaucer?), hat diese doch in Brought to you by | University of Arizona Authenticated Download Date | 6/2/15 1:00 AM ZUR CHRONOLOGIE DEB ENGLISCHEN BALLADEN. 315 der englischen hochkirche ihre kanonisation glücklich erreicht (vgl. Skeat's Chaucer Glossar). Strangers1 fehlen (frembde bestad &c), und die rechtsaltertümer scheinen mir im index sowohl wie in den noten eine vollere beachtung verdient zu haben (vgl. die in ihrem rechtsgeschichtlichen hintergrunde gar nicht erklärte pipe of wine in der Schlacht von Otter- bourne,2 die nur aus Notes and Queries belegten erläuterungen zu Robe and Fee im Robin Hood, die fehlenden bemerkungen über den rechtsgeschichtlichen hintergrund zum zweiten fytte des Rob. Hood, zu dem unfcehöe ad in der 202. strophe der- selben ballade etc.). 2. Die liste der Sources of the Texts ist sehr willkommen; da findet man — endlich, nachdem es genug frühere mühe gekostet hat, sich über das genaue alter der Jamieson Mss u. s. f. zu orientieren — die schönste auskunft über die Urquellen. Diese beiden Seiten 10, 397. 398 sind eigentlich eine ehrentafel für Childs arbeit und seine opferreichen bemühungen, den bal- ladenschatz, ehe er unrettbar der Vergessenheit anheim fiel, in der elften stunde zu retten! Wie hat Child nach jedem einzelnen dieser hier nett und sauber beschriebenen Mss jagen müssen, und welche stattlichen Mss hat er selbst der Harvard College Library einverleibt! Wenn man in dieser liste irgend etwas vermisst, so sind es die im Appendix zu no. 37 und 38 erwähnten Cotton Ms und Thornton Ms, welche aber freilich keine balladenmanu- skripte sind, und deshalb mit gutem rechte weggelassen werden konnten. Auch eine datierung von Harl. Ms. 367 (168 App. c.) vermisse ich. Das Murison Ms ist 10, 398 "about 1873" da- tiert, dagegen 1,133: 1876. Ralph Starketfs Ms (Harl. 293) ist im index 'ab. 1620' gegeben; R. Starkey starb 1628 und möchte man wissen, ob "before 1628" besser wäre, oder auf wessen autorität "ab. 1620" beruhte. Der druck dieser Seiten ist unübersichtlich; die herrliche 1 Mit deren leben das Volkslied ziemlich willkürlich umspringt (Rob. H. St. 138), ebenso wie mit dem rechte des rittersohnes, der seinen gegner im turnier ehrlich überwältigt hat (st. 52) (Zeitbestimmung fur die ballade?). * Die französische Übersetzung dieser bailade von Kervyn de Letten- hove ist nicht bemerkt (vgl. dessen Froissart 13, 360); auch Haies aufsatz über die Chevy Chase aus dem Gentleman's Mg. April 1889, wieder abge- druckt in Folia Liter aria 128 (1893) kann ich nicht zitiert finden. Brought to you by | University of Arizona Authenticated Download Date | 6/2/15 1:00
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